1、江苏省南通等苏北七市2020届高三英语三模考试试题（含解析）第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分20分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How much did the book cost?A. 13. B. 15. C. 17.2. What was the weather like last winte
2、r?A. Snowy. B. Windy. C. Rainy.3. Where does the woman want to go on holiday?A. To the beach. B. To the mountains. C. To the grasslands.4. What does the man think of his new apartment?A. It has a good view B. It is a little small. C. It is warm.5. Why have the organizers put off the match?A. Several
3、 players are sick. B. The field isnt in good condition. C. The weather today isnt suitable for it.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Where does the conversation take place?A. In
4、 a supermarket. B. In a restaurant. C. At home.7. What did the man forget to buy?A. Ice cream. B. Pizzas. C. Salad.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates. B. Father and daughter. C. Sales clerk and customer.9. What are the speakers talking about?A. Wh
5、ether to change a phone. B. How to choose a phone. C. When to buy a phone.10. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Ask her parents. B. Trust the salesperson. C. Read buyers reviews.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. When did the man begin his lesson?A. Yesterday. B. Last week. C. A month ago.12. What is the
6、mans opinion on his first lesson?A. Boring. B. Difficult. C. Interesting.13. What does the woman say about her teacher?A. She was a humorous person. B. She was an excellent rider. C. She was a good teacher.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. Why did the man build his website at first?A. To create an online discuss
7、ion among teenagers.B. To encourage teenagers to read more.C. To develop teenagers writing skills.15. How does the man describe his typical day?A. He has different things to deal with. B. He doesnt have any time to relax. C. He cant keep to his plans.16. What would the man like to do when he turns 1
8、8?A. To work for a big company. B. To study for a degree. C. To run a business.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17. How long will it take to get to the museum?A. About 20 minutes. B. About 30 minutes. C. About 50 minutes.18. What is special about the trip for the students?A. They will take a test after returning t
9、o school.B. They can take old rings out of containers.C. They can pick up ancient pots to study.19. How do the students look for information in the Technology Center?A. By working on computers. B. By asking Jane Witton. C. By using iPads.20. What does the speaker want the students to do?A. Make post
10、cards. B. Draw posters. C. Give reports.第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.Policies have been made to help the province hard hit by the disaster to_economy.A. reviewB. revealC. recoverD. reserve【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助在灾难中受到重创的省份恢复
11、经济，一些政策已经被制定出来了。A. review复查，反思；B. reveal 揭示，透露；C. recover恢复；D. reserve预定，保留。横线后面的宾语为经济，再结合 “province hard hit by the disaster”（受到灾难重创的省份）可知，制定政策应该是要恢复这些省份的经济。故选C项。2._the changes we desire, we must be willing to behave in ways that promote them.A. CreateB. CreatingC. Having createdD. To create【答案】D【解
12、析】【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：为了创造我们想要的改变，我们必须愿意以促进改变的方式行事。分析句意可知，此处指“为了创造我们想要的改变”，表目的，应用动词不定式（to do）形式。故选D项。3.In the years to come, everyone will be able to take pride in_we responded to this challenge.A. whatB. whenC. thatD. how【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词性从句的宾语从句。句意：在未来的岁月里，每个人都会为我们如何应对挑战的方式感到自豪。分析句子，本句为复合句。其中短语take
13、 pride in对感到自豪，介词in 后的全部内容做介词的宾语。宾语从句we responded to this challenge.我们回应这个挑战，缺少方式状语，副词how表示方式，意为“怎样，如何”，符合句意。故选D项。4.At the online job fair, students can review job opportunities,_their CVs and have interviews remotely.A. drop offB. make upC. cut outD. put away【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在网上招聘会上，学生可以查看工
14、作机会，投递简历，远程面试。A. drop off放下、递交；B. make up编造；C. cut out切断；D. put away放好。根据空后的“their CVs and have interviews”可知此处表示“投递简历”，故A项正确。5. Fancy meeting you here! Are you a librarian? Not really. I_my volunteer effort until the new term begins.A. will just contributeB. have just contributedC. just contributeD
15、. am just contributing【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：很高兴在这儿见到你！你是图书馆管理员吗？并不是。我只是在做志愿者工作，一直做到新学期开始。根据语境和句中给出的时间状语until the new term begins可知，讲话者目前正在从事志愿者工作，表示说话时正在进行的动作，符合现在进行时的特点，要用现在进行时。故选D项。6.The project that we are working hard to see _next month will relieve the traffic pressure.A. to be completedB. compl
16、etingC. completedD. complete【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们正在努力争取下个月完成的项目将缓解交通压力。分析句子可知，本句为含有定语从句的复合句，其中the project为先行词，在定语从句 we are working hard to see _next month中做see的宾语；根据see sth.done看到某事被做完，project和complete为动宾关系，所以使用过去分词作宾语补足语。选项C符合题意。故选C项。7.When Stanley finally made it to the lecture hall, the
17、professor_his speech for half an hour.A. had deliveredB. deliveredC. was deliveringD. has delivered【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意： 当斯坦利终于来到演讲厅时，教授已经演讲半个小时了。根据句意，“deliver”这一动作发生在“made it”之前，when引导的时间状语从句表示过去发生的动作，故“发表演讲”是发生在“过去的过去”的动作，用过去完成时，故选A。【点睛】过去完成时用法解析：1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。 表示的时间是过去的过去 常与by
18、last year, by the time of yesterday,等连用。如：She said she had seen the film 4 times. 她说她看过这部电影4次。When Mr Li got to the classroom, all the students had begun reading. 当李老师到教室时，所有的学生都开始阅读了。2、表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如：She had worked in this school since it opened 25 yea
19、rs ago.自从这所学校25年前开办以来就一直在那里工作。8.The student is grateful to his English teacher, without_encouragement he wouldnt have pulled through.A. whatB. whoseC. whomD. which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个学生很感激他的英语老师，没有老师的鼓励，他不会康复。分析句子可知，without_encouragement he wouldnt have pulled through是定语从句，先行词是his English teach
20、er，从句中作定语，修饰encouragement，故用关系代词whose。故选B。【点睛】定语从句中whose的用法whose引导的定语从句是语法重点，要学好whose引导的定语从句的用法，应注意以下六个方面。一、whose为who的所有格，作“某(些)人的”解，它所指代的先行词必须是人，其引导的定语从句修饰它的先行词，同时它本身在从句中作定语。This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。二、whose也可作which的所有格，作“某(些)物的”解
21、，它所指代的先行词必须是物，其语法功能同上。The company whose name was Notco was in Australia.那个名叫诺特可的公司设在澳大利亚。三、由于whose具有兼作who和 which的所有格的双重功能，故在指人时可用of whom代替whose，指物时可用of which代替whose。This kind of book is for children whose native language(=the native language of whom)is Chinese.这种书是给母语是汉语的儿童看的。9.Promoting the _of ene
22、rgy and carbon footprint reduction is an essential part of building an ecological civilization.A. consumptionB. conservationC. constitutionD. construction【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：提升能源保护和减少碳足迹是建设生态文明的重要组成部分。A. consumption消费；B. conservation保护；避免浪费；C. constitution建立；组成；D. construction建筑；建造。根据下文的bui
23、lding an ecological civilization可知，能源保护是生态文化的一部分，故选B。10.The artists staged music and dances with Nantong features at the folk festival, winning applause_.A. at willB. at randomC. at intervalsD. at odds【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：艺术家们在民间艺术节上表演了南通特色的歌舞，不时地赢得阵阵掌声。A. at will任意地；随意地；B. at random随机的；C. a
24、t intervals间或；不时；D. at odds有分歧；不一致。根据句意，表演不时地赢得掌声。故选C。11.It was in the Lake District, a tourist attraction in England_they met each other and became fast friends.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查强调句。句意：就是在湖区英格兰一处旅游胜地他们遇到了彼此并成为了朋友。分析句子结构可知，这里并非England或Lake District作先行词的定语从句，而是符合it is/
25、wasthat/who结构的强调句。强调的是介词短语。故选D项。【点睛】强调句与状语从句、定语从句等其他句型是比较容易混淆的，这里有一个重要的区分方法：区别强调句式与其他句子的关键是看去掉It is/was that/who后是否影响句子的结构与意义。如果去掉该结构不影响句子的完整性就是强调句。该小题中如果去掉It wasthat后句子就变为They met each other and became fast friends in the Lake District（省略插入语），显然结构与意义都是完整的，确实为强调句。12.Visitors who have booked tickets
26、online can show their ID cards or other_documents to enter the museum.A. blankB. validC. lameD. plain【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：在网上订票的游客可以出示身份证或其他有效证件进入博物馆。A. blank空白的； B. valid有效的；C. lame跛足的；D. plain朴素的。根据“their ID cards”可知此处表示“有效证件”，故B项正确。13.Under the regulation, restaurants and hotels shall stop off
27、ering throwaway items_customers request them.A. sinceB. onceC. unlessD. until【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查状语从句的连接词。句意：根据规定，餐馆和酒店应停止提供一次性物品，除非顾客要求。since作为连词，表示“自从”，引导时间状语从句，表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句； once 用作连词，既可以表示“条件”（= if, as long as），也可以表示“时间”（=as soon as）； unless意为“除非，如果不”，常用来引导条件状语从句；until作为连词，意为“直到”引导时间状语从句。分析句子可
28、知，如果顾客不要求的话，根据规定，餐馆和酒店应停止提供一次性物品。状语从句表示条件，结合选项看，选项C符合题意。故选C项。14.The application of AI technologies in health care industry is in an initial stage compared with_ in automatic driving.A. itB. thatC. thoseD. ones【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意：人工智能技术在医疗产业中的应用相较于在自动驾驶领域的应用，还处在初始阶段。分析句子可知，空白处所指的仍是前句中的The applicatio
29、n of AI technologies，是不可数名词，这时要用that来指代已提过的名词以避免重复。故选B项。15. I will go to the bank to pay for the electricity bill. _? Actually, you can use Alipay.A. Why botherB. So whatC. Why notD. What for【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：我要去银行交电费。何必麻烦呢？实际上，你可以使用支付宝。A. Why bother何苦，何必麻烦；B. So what那又怎样？C. Why not为什么不呢？D.
30、 What for为何？根据语境，空白处应该是认为去银行交电费太麻烦了，且后面给出了简单的方法，结合选项，故选A。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I moved to a new city and took a job in marketing. I didnt really understand whether it_16_me. I enjoyed doing things that I felt had_17_I could see their benefit an
31、d feel their impact. As the months passed, I felt it just wasnt for me. I needed to find a way out.A job advertisement for a(n)_18_for a new youth magazine came at exactly the right time. I applied and was_19_. My role was to help teams of young people edit their_20_and help them with their work. I
32、had assumed the magazine would be a(n)_21_of games and dull reviews, so I was_22_when one of the first pieces written was about social welfare._23_, I found something I was interested in. I felt a_24_in me straight away. I had a purpose again. Days were lost to discussing hot topics and_25_the words
33、 of their strong and opinionated (坚持己见的) voices._26_in their world, I could see myself making a difference to the teams_27_ability. As our website_28_increased and the work shifted to reflect what our_29_wanted, I developed a greater_30_of what young people might want to read.The biggest change the
34、job brought, _31_,was to my well-being. It is rare you find yourself in a job you love, one that you are happy to_32_each day. I was thriving (充实）in this_33_environment, inspired by the talented young people I was helping to_34_their careers. Now, I realize that there are jobs that will keep you hap
35、py,_35_and inspired.16. A. messed withB. applied toC. relied onD. waited for17. A. purposeB. convenienceC. restrictionD. entertainment18. A. reporterB. lawyerC. editorD. typist19. A. independentB. intelligentC. successfulD. ambitious20. A. coursesB. referencesC. softwareD. content21. A. replacementB
36、. mixtureC. innovationD. symbol22. A. amusedB. embarrassedC. touchedD. surprised23. A. NaturallyB. GenerallyC. FrequentlyD. Finally24. A. contrastB. shockC. changeD. shame25. A. readingB. translatingC. spellingD. copying26. A. TrappedB. HiddenC. InvestedD. Imagined27. A. gamingB. marketingC. writing
37、D. communicating28. A. hitsB. pagesC. profitsD. advertisements29. A. monitorsB. sponsorsC. colleaguesD. audiences30. A. distinctionB. understandingC. expectationD. recording31. A. thoughB. insteadC. otherwiseD. therefore32. A. go intoB. leave behindC. refer toD. set aside33. A. troublesomeB. creativ
38、eC. toughD. conservative34. A. transferB. rescueC. disciplineD. further35. A. luckyB. popularC. energeticD. honest【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. D 21. B 22. D 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢做有目的性的事情，因此找了一份编辑工作，在这份工作中，作者得到了快乐和成长。【16题
39、详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我真的不明白这是否适用于我。A. messed with搞砸了；B. applied to适用；C. relied on依靠；D. waited for等待。由下文的I felt it just wasnt for me可知，作者这时不明白这个销售工作是否适用于自己。故选B项。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢做我觉得有目的的事情我能看到它们的好处，感受它们的影响。A. purpose目的；B. convenience方便；C. restriction限制；D. entertainment娱乐。由下文的I had a purpose again可知，作者
40、做事喜欢有目的。故选A项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为一家新青年杂志社招聘编辑的招聘广告来得正是时候。A. reporter记者；B. lawyer律师；C. editor编辑；D. typist打字员。由下文的My role was to help teams of young people edit可知，此处招的是编辑。故选C项。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我申请成功了。A. independent独立的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. successful成功的；D. ambitious有志向的。由下文可知，作者在这家杂志社从事编辑工作，所以作者申请工作
41、成功了。故选C项。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的职责是帮助年轻人编辑他们的内容，并帮助他们完成工作。A. courses课程；B. references参考书；C. software软件；D. content内容。由上文语境可知，作者申请杂志编辑的工作，所以职责是帮助年轻人编辑他们的内容，并帮助他们完成工作。故选D项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以为这本杂志是游戏和枯燥评论的混合体。A. replacement代替；B. mixture混合；C. innovation创新；D. symbol标志。由下文的games and dull reviews可知，作者本以为这本杂
42、志是游戏和枯燥评论的混合体。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为这本杂志是游戏和枯燥评论的混合体，所以当我第一篇写的是关于社会福利的文章时，我很惊讶。A. amused愉快的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. touched感动的；D. surprised惊讶的。由上文语境可知，作者本以为这本杂志是游戏和枯燥评论的混合体，但作者第一篇写的是关于社会福利的文章，所以作者会惊讶。故选D项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我找到了我感兴趣的东西。A. Naturally自然地；B. Generally一般地；C. Frequently频繁地；D. Finall
43、y最终地。由全文语境可知，作者一开始找到了不适合自己的销售工作到最后申请去当编辑做自己喜欢的事，所以，最终，找到了自己感兴趣的东西。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻感觉到了自己的变化。A. contrast对比；B. shock震惊；C. change改变；D. shame耻辱。由下文的The biggest change the job brought可知，此处指作者感到了一种变化。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天的时间都浪费在讨论热门话题和阅读他们强烈而固执己见话语的声音上了。A. reading阅读；B. translating翻译；C. spe
44、lling拼写；D. copying复制。由上文语境可知，作者是一位编辑，所以要阅读强烈而固执己见的话语。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：投入在他们的世界里，我可以看到自己对团队的写作能力产生了影响。A. Trapped困住；B. Hidden躲藏；C. Invested投入；D. Imagined想象。由下文语境可知，作者发现自己对团队的写作能力产生了影响，说明作者投入了年轻人的世界，认真地阅读他们强烈而固执己见的话语，所以对写作能力有影响。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：投入在他们的世界里，我可以看到自己对团队的写作能力产生了影响。A. gaming打赌、赌
45、输；B. marketing推销；C. writing写作；D. communicating交流。由上文语境可知，作者是一位编辑，作者认真地阅读他们强烈而固执己见的话语，所以对写作能力有影响。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我们网站点击率的增加，工作转变为反映我们的读者想要什么。A. hits点击；B. pages页码；C. profits利益；D. advertisements广告。由上文的website可知，此处指网站点击率。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我们网站点击率的增加，工作转变为反映我们的读者想要什么。A. monitors监控器；B. s
46、ponsors赞助者；C. colleagues同事；D. audiences读者、观众。由上文语境可知，作者是一位编辑，他的工作对象应该是读者。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对年轻人可能想要阅读有了更深入的了解。A. distinction区别；B. understanding理解；C. expectation期望；D. recording记录。由上文语境可知，作者的工作反映他们的读者想要什么，说明作者对年轻人可能想要阅读有了更深入的了解。故选B项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，这份工作给我带来的最大变化是我的幸福。A. though不过；B. instea
47、d代替；C. otherwise否则；D. therefore因此。由全文语境可知，此处指“不过”，应用though，符合语境。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：很少有人能找到自己喜欢且每天都乐于从事的工作。A. go into从事；B. leave behind留下；C. refer to提及；D. set aside搁置。由上文的a job you love可知，此处指喜欢且每天都乐于从事的工作。故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在这个充满创造力的环境中茁壮成长。A. troublesome麻烦的；B. creative创造力的；C. tough艰难的；D.
48、 conservative保守的。由上下文语境可知，作者为年轻人工作，写作能力得到了提升，被他们激励/赋予灵感，说明这是一个具有创造力的环境。故选B项。34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到我帮助他们进一步发展事业的有才华的年轻人所激励。A. transfer转移；B. rescue拯救；C. discipline惩罚；D. further促进、发展。由上文的My role was to help teams of young people edit their_5_and help them with their work可知，作者帮助年轻人进一步发展事业。故选D项。【35题详解】考查形容
49、词词义辨析。句意：现在，我意识到有些工作会让你快乐，充满活力和灵感。A. lucky幸运的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. energetic充满活力的；D. honest诚实的。由happy和inspired可知，此处energetic最符合语境。故选C项。第三部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATo Machu Picchu and Cusco, searching for the lost Inca (印加人）cityClimb its towering stairc
50、ases to a ceremonial temple set in the mountain face. These ruins mark the start of the 4-day Inca Trail to Machu Picchu, one of the worlds most rewarding hikes. A quicker way to reach the remote Inca city is catching the train to the riverside town of Aguas and then jumping on a bus into the misty
51、mountains.Once the clouds rise from the mountain ridge above the Sacred Valley, the true splendor of Machu Picchu is finally revealed. Its a humbling experience to stand at an altitude of nearly 8,000 feet, and gaze down at the Inca city below. Overlooking the glorious ruins, its easy to imagine the
52、 prosperity (紧荣) this peak must have been almost 600 years ago.Its one of the worlds greatest mysteries what became of the Incas who inhabited Machu Picchu.What was once major defense works in the largest empire on Earth was slowly swallowed by the jungle, only to be uncovered a century ago. The Inc
53、a dynasty has come and gone, but Incan families still survive in the highlands. These modern-day Children of the Sun still speak Quechua and continue to live off the land, although many come to Cusco to sell their crops and woolen textiles. After dusk, when the story of the Incas becomes a whisper i
54、n the night, Cusco is covered under a starry blanket. A landscape so gorgeous that it deserves to be preserved for ever.36. The attraction of Machu Picchu lies in_.A. its towering staircasesB. its changeable weatherC. its natural scenery and cultureD. its wilderness and inaccessibility37. We can lea
55、rn from the passage that_A. the Incas like to stay up chattingB. Machu Picchu is a military baseC. the Quechua language is lost to the worldD. what happened to the Incas remains unknown【答案】36. C 37. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了马丘比丘和库斯科两处位于秘鲁的世界知名遗址，人们可以在这里探寻印加古城的遗迹。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Once the clouds rise from
56、the mountain ridge above the Sacred Valley, the true splendor of Machu Picchu is finally revealed. Its a humbling experience to stand at an altitude of nearly 8,000 feet, and gaze down at the Inca city below. Overlooking the glorious ruins, its easy to imagine the prosperity (紧荣) this peak must have
57、 been almost 600 years ago.（当乌云从神圣山谷上方的山脊升起时，马丘比丘真正的壮丽终于显露出来了。站在近8000英尺的高空俯视印加城是一种令人谦卑的体验。俯瞰着辉煌的废墟，很容易想象600年前的繁荣景象。）由此推断出，马丘比丘的魅力在于它的自然风光和文化。故选C项。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Its one of the worlds greatest mysteries what became of the Incas who inhabited Machu Picchu.”可知，居住在马丘比丘的印加人后来怎么样了，一直是世界一大未解之谜。故选D项。
58、BIn their book, Nine Lies About Work, Buckingham and Goodall make a surprising claim: they argue that giving people feedback (反馈)in the sense of telling them what you think theyre doing right or wrong, and how to do it better-is never worthwhile. This runs counter to a current corporate trend for ra
59、dical candour, for example at Netflix where, according to recent reports, employees failings are cruelly sunshined in front of others. When someone is fired, hundreds of their former colleagues might receive an email, cataloguing their flaws (缺陷). But it also contradicts an assumption most of us bri
60、ng to our lives as parents and friends-that its helpful, at least sometimes, and providing you do it nicely, to explain to people where theyre making mistakes.Buckingham and Goodall dont just claim you should keep that knowledge to yourself: they claim that you dont possess it, and that, in fact, yo
61、u probably dont know how a failing employee could most effectively change. Its an old cliche (陈词滥调) of marital advice that you should use I-statementsrather than you-statements, telling the other person how their behaviour makes you feel, rather than attacking them for being selfish and incompetent.
62、 The standard theory is that you-statements cause people to respond defensively. But another is that youre a terrible judge of whether someone is selfish or incompetent. As Buckingham writes: The only area in which humans are an unimpeachable (无懈可击的) source of truth is that of their own feelings and
63、 experiences.Plenty of research shows were particularly bad at rating people against abstract criteria, which means one common feature of workplace performance reviews- assessing whether an employee is, say, a strategic thinker or team player-is essentially pointless.We should replace this sort of j
64、udgment with reactions. Dont tell others what you think of their skills, or how good you think they are; instead, focus on describing your experience of their work. Youre no good at judging how someone else should change their approach to delivering presentations. But youre the authority on whether
65、a given presentation was persuasive or boring to you.And positive reactions, they show, work better than negative ones: we excel when people who know us and care about us tell us what they experience and what they feel, and in particular when they see something within us that really works. Theres a
66、deep point here- that the best kind of praise focuses on how someone made you feel, not on evaluating their talent. Praise them for inspiring you, persuading you, or helping you grasp a complex issue. You really are the only objective judge of that.38. The underlined worditin Paragraph 1 refers to_”
67、.A. giving people feedbackB. cataloguing colleagues flawsC. contradicting parents assumptionD. keeping that knowledge to yourself39. Feedback is never worthwhile in that_.A. people tend to defend itB. it is based on theory and truthC. it is subjective and lacks uniquenessD. people will effectively c
68、hange themselves40. Which of the following is the most appropriate to comment on others?A. You have done a good job in the mid-term exams.B. I am inspired by the creative ideas in your presentation.C. You just think of yourself,but never care about others.D. Im sorry to say you have failed to meet m
69、y expectations.【答案】38. A 39. C 40. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。Buckingham和Goodall在他们的书Nine Lies About Work中提出：从告诉他们你认为他们做的是对是错的意义上讲，人们的反馈是没有价值的。这与当前“激进坦率”的共同趋势背道而驰。【38题详解】词义猜测题。根据下划线单词后的to explain to people where theyre making mistakes可知，向人们解释他们在哪里犯错。因此it指代的是向人们解释他们在哪里犯错；根据第一段they argue that giving people feedback
70、 (反馈)in the sense of telling them what you think theyre doing right or wrong, and how to do it better-is never worthwhile.可知，他们认为，从告诉他们你认为他们做的是对是错的意义上讲，人们的反馈是没有价值的。因此，向人们解释他们在哪里犯错是在做反馈。所以，it指代的是给人们反馈。故选A。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Buckingham and Goodall dont just claim you should keep that knowledge to yours
71、elf: they claim that you dont possess it, and that, in fact, you probably dont know how a failing employee could most effectively change.可知，Buckingham和Goodall不是只认为你应该对这些内容保密，他们认为你并不拥有这些内容。事实上，你可能不知道一个失败的员工如何才能最有效地改变。由此可知，他们认为反馈是主观的，只是说话者自己的观点；根据第三段Plenty of research shows were particularly bad at ra
72、ting people against abstract criteria, which means one common feature of workplace performance reviews- assessing whether an employee is, say, a strategic thinker or team player-is essentially pointless可知，大量研究显示，我们特别不擅长用抽象的标准来评价人，这就意味着，本质上，评估员工是否是战略思考者或团队成员，这样的具有共性的工作场所绩效评估都有是毫无意义的。由此由此可知，反馈是相同的，缺乏独
73、特性。所以，反馈没有价值是因为它是主观的，缺乏独特性。故选C。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Theres a deep point here- that the best kind of praise focuses on how someone made you feel, not on evaluating their talent. Praise them for inspiring you, persuading you, or helping you grasp a complex issue.可知，有一个很重要的点：最好的赞美专注于某人给你的感觉上，而不是评价他们的才能。赞
74、扬他们鼓舞你，说服你，或帮助你理解了一个复杂的问题。因此，B选项“你演讲中的创意给了我灵感。”是对别人最合适的评论。故选B。CBirds use vocalizations to attract mates, defend territories, and recognize fellow members of their species. But while we know a lot about how variations in vocalizations play out between populations of songbirds, its far less clear how
75、this variation affects birds such as penguins in which calls are inherited (遗传). A new study from The Auk: Ornithological Advances examines differences in the calls of Little Penguins from four colonies in Australia-night-time birds for whom vocalizations are more important than visual signals-and f
76、inds that differences in habitat, rather than geographic isolation (隔离) or other factors, seem to be the key driver of variation in the sounds these birds use to communicate.Diane Colombelli-Negrel and Rachel Smale of Australias Flinders University recorded calls from four Little Penguin populations
77、 across a small area of South Australia, one of which had previously been shown to have slight genetic differences from the other three, and used playback experiments to test penguins ability to distinguish between calls from different colonies.They found that agonistic calls, which are used in pair
78、 displays and aggressive situations, varied among the four populations, and that the calls characteristics appeared to depend on small-scale differences in the habitat where the penguins lived. However, birds did not discriminate between calls originating from different colonies, which suggests that
79、 agonistic calls dont seem to play a role in isolating the two different genetic groups.Penguins living in open habitats produced lower-frequency calls than those living in habitats with thicker vegetation-the opposite of the trend typically observed in songbirds. The authors think that agonistic ca
80、lls may be subject to different selective pressures because theyre used in close encounters with other birds rather than to communicate across distances, and could also be influenced by variation in the noise level of wind and surf.“I was excited to find that in seabirds, as most of our knowledge in
81、 this area comes from studies on songbirds, says Colombelli-Negrel. This new research suggests that many factors influence call variation in birds, which also depends on the function of the calls. This study highlights that many questions remain and that studies need to investigate more than one fac
82、tor in conjunction with the function of the calls to fully understand call variation in seabirds.”“This work tells an interesting story of vocal diversification in Little Penguins, and gives insight into how individual and micro-scale variation effects behavior, according to Stony Brook Universitys
83、Heather Lynch, an expert on penguin calls who was not involved in the study. Non-vocal-learning birds are relatively understudied in terms of vocalizations, and it is great to see penguin vocalizations being studied in such a way.41. What does the new study find?A. Penguins are born with their calls
84、.B. Penguins communicate by various calls.C. Penguins calls are influenced by their habitat.D. Penguins calls can help isolate genetic groups.42. What are the findings based on?A. The test of penguins responses to recorded calls.B. The data collected from penguins across Australia.C. Controlled expe
85、riments on penguins and songbirds.D. Similarities between the calls of penguins and songbirds.43. From the passage we can learn that .A. open-space songbirds tend to lower their callsB. environmental noises may affect penguins callsC. birds use agonistic calls in distant communicationD. songbirds ag
86、onistic calls vary little between species44. We can infer from Colombelli-Negrels words that researchers .A. will keep track of penguins to preserve themB. have investigated a lot in penguins calls beforeC. will have a broader look at differences in penguins callsD. have determined the function of v
87、arious calls in penguins【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了一项关于企鹅的新的研究：企鹅叫声的差异源自其栖息地的不同，而不是地理隔离或其他因素，同时说明了这个研究中仍然还有问题存在。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段A new study from The Auk: Ornithological Advances examines differences in the calls of Little Penguins from four colonies in Australia-night-time birds for
88、 whom vocalizations are more important than visual signals-and finds that differences in habitat, rather than geographic isolation (隔离) or other factors, seem to be the key driver of variation in the sounds these birds use to communicate.一项新的研究：澳大利亚鸟类学发展中心研究了来自澳大利亚四个殖民地的小企鹅叫声的差异对于这些夜间鸟类来说，发声比视觉信号更重要
89、发现差异在于栖息地，而不是地理隔离或其他因素，似乎是这些鸟类用来交流的声音变化的关键驱动力。可以得出企鹅的叫声受到它们栖息地的影响，选项C符合题意。故选C项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Diane Colombelli-Negrel and Rachel Smale of Australias Flinders University recorded calls from four Little Penguin populations across a small area of South Australia, one of which had previously been sho
90、wn to have slight genetic differences from the other three, and used playback experiments to test penguins ability to distinguish between calls from different colonies.来自澳大利亚福林德斯大学的Diane Colombelli-Negrel 和Rachel Smale 记录了来自南澳大利亚一个小区域的四个小企鹅种群的叫声，其中一个种群与其他三个种群有轻微的基因差异，并通过回放实验测试企鹅区分来自不同群体的叫声的能力。 可以得出，
91、为了证明研究结论，研究人员是通过检测企鹅对录制的声音进行测试的。所以选项A符合题意。故选A项。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段Penguins living in open habitats produced lower-frequency calls than those living in habitats with thicker vegetation-the opposite of the trend typically observed in songbirds. The authors think that agonistic calls may be subject to d
92、ifferent selective pressures because theyre used in close encounters with other birds rather than to communicate across distances, and could also be influenced by variation in the noise level of wind and surf.生活在开放栖息地的企鹅比生活在植被较厚的栖息地的企鹅发出的叫声频率更低，这与通常在鸣鸟身上观察到的趋势相反。作者认为，竞争性叫声可能受到不同的选择压力，因为它们用于与其他鸟类的近距离
93、接触，而不是跨越距离进行交流，还可能受到风浪噪音水平变化的影响。可以看出，不同栖息地企鹅的叫声频率不一样，可能受到风浪噪音水平变化的影响。因而，环境因素对企鹅的声音会有一定的影响。选项B符合题意。故选B项。【44题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段 “I was excited to find that in seabirds, as most of our knowledge in this area comes from studies on songbirds, says Colombelli-Negrel. This new research suggests that many fact
94、ors influence call variation in birds, which also depends on the function of the calls. This study highlights that many questions remain and that studies need to investigate more than one factor in conjunction with the function of the calls to fully understand call variation in seabirds. Colombelli-
95、Negrel说：“我很兴奋地发现，在海鸟身上，我们在这一领域的大部分知识来自于对鸣禽的研究。 这项新的研究表明，许多因素影响鸟类的叫声变化，这也取决于叫声的功能。 这项研究强调了许多问题仍然存在，研究需要调查一个以上的因素，结合呼叫的功能，以充分了解海鸟的呼叫变化。”由此可以看出，研究人员将对企鹅叫声的差异进行更广泛的研究，选项C符合题意。故选C项。DIm Dina Asher-Smith. Growing in Orpington, southeast London, I love being the hunter. The one in pursuit. In training, Ill
96、latch on to the boys and chase them down. Even when I was younger, I tended to race girls who were older than me-at 17 I was racing 30-year-olds. Its where Im comfortable. But the hunter can go on to become the hunted. And this year at the World Athletics Championships in Doha, Qatar, I won gold in
97、the 200m. At 23, I became the first British woman to win a world championship sprinting (短跑) title.The morning after the race, I was in the media tent and was told that Id been mentioned in the Parliament.Track and field is a mental game.Youre in your own little world, competing to be the person who
98、 can run the fastest in a straight line. My job is to take my body to a place where I think it cant do any more and then keep going. To do that, I need to know my strengths and weaknesses. People get caught up in embarrassment or shame when theyre not good at something, but I just dont have that in
99、me. I do have a voice in my head that tells me if Im not good at things, but it doesnt make me feel negative about myself. I use it to identify where I can improve and then I just keep going to training every day.Ive inherited personality traits from my parents that help me in my career. My mum is e
100、xcitable and when Im on the track, I have her fire-wanting to go for everything. I always know when I finish a race that I can turn around and find her in the front row, jumping up and down. My dad is more reserved. He has a cool exterior and thats useful for me when I need calmness. I know to look
101、for him a few rows behind my mum. They gave me opportunities to try whatever I was interested in. When I wanted to try golf, my dad bought me cut-down clubs and had me attempting to putt balls (推球入洞）in the back garden. My mum used to play hockey with me outside the house. They took me to so many clu
102、bs and classes.I started training with my coach, John Blackie, in my mid-teens. We met when I was eight as he ran the kids academy at my running club. Along with my parents, the three of them always emphasized that they just wanted me to be happy. They never pushed me too early. And, as Ive got olde
103、r, Ive realized thats unique.When running became serious, I knew that if it all stopped being fun for me, I could stop doing it. They put Dina the person before Dina the runner. Yes, the public might be disappointed and the newspapers might have a pop (抨击), but my parents and friends are still going
104、 to love me, and my coach is still going to be there. That knowledge allows me to stay relaxed under pressure.Being as prepared as I can be is crucial as it keeps me calm and able to deliver in the moment.When I was studying history at university, Id choose exams over coursework because I knew I cou
105、ld put the work in and perform under pressure. I was studying heavy things every day, like people facing prejudice because of their skin,or women sacrificing their lives for others to have the right to vote. It made me realize how lucky I am that the thing that gets me most frustrated is somebody be
106、ating me on the track.While, yes, I make sacrifices-some easy, such as not drinking and going out, and some harder, like restricting the food that I eat-ultimately, what I do is entertainment.Everyones asking me about Tokyo Olympics but Im more focused on today. Its important for me to keep my hopes
107、 and dreams separate from other peoples. Im grateful everybody wants me to do well, but my next step has to be for me, not anyone else.45. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Asher-Smith is the victim of the sprinting world.B. Asher-Smith becomes the focus of media cove
108、rage.C. Asher-Smith now runs faster than those she chased.D. Asher-Smith is no match for older racers in competitions.46. How does Asher-Smith deal with her weakness?A. She keeps reminding herself of it.B. She keeps training to overcome it.C. She chooses to ignore it completely.D. She often gets cau
109、ght in a dilemma.47. In Asher-Smiths growth, her parents .A. changed their personalitiesB. coached her in various sportsC. strengthened their family statusD. helped her explore her interests48. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that Asher-Smiths parents and coach .A. prioritize her pe
110、rsonal well-beingB. justify her failure to continue runningC. put her interests above the other runnersD. shelter her from the criticism of the media49. What impact does her university life have on her?A. It makes her lead a cosy life today.B. It allows her to face prejudice bravely.C. It enables he
111、r to be better prepared as an athlete.D. It inspires her to fight for women s human rights.50. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. What it takes to be a gold medal sprinter.B. Why it is hard to rise to fame in sprinting.C. Who one can turn to in pursuit of the dream.D. How parents discipline
112、a sprinting champion.【答案】45. C 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作为英国田径代表队成员Dina Asher-Smith的内心独白，讲述了她的成长历程、心态、父母和教练、当下的规划等等。【45题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线句后一句“And this year at the World Athletics Championships in Doha, Qatar, I won gold in the 200m. At 23, I became the first British woman to win a worl
113、d championship sprinting (短跑) title.”可知，作者之前用打猎比喻，表明在训练中喜欢和男孩子们竞争，同时要和年龄大过她的女运动员竞争，而后面则指明了自己目前获得的成就，已经是世锦赛的短跑冠军了，显然，划线句“但猎人有一天也会成为猎物”就指她自己通过努力，追上了那些曾经比自己强的选手。故选C项。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“I do have a voice in my head that tells me if Im not good at things, but it doesnt make me feel negative about mys
114、elf. I use it to identify where I can improve and then I just keep going to training every day.”可知，作者不会为自己有缺点而感到难为情或气馁，而是通过认清自己的弱点，加以锻炼、改进，从而将其克服。故选B项。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“They gave me opportunities to try whatever I was interested in.”可知，作者的父母会给予她一切机会让她尝试任何感兴趣的东西，与D选项“帮助她探索兴趣”含义一致。故选D项。【48题详解】推理判断题。
115、根据第四段第三、四句“Along with my parents, the three of them always emphasized that they just wanted me to be happy. They never pushed me too early.”可知，作者的教练和父母始终向作者强调希望她能快乐，结合划线句“他们把Dina看作一个跑步者之前首先看作一个人”，也就是尊重她、爱护她，以她个人的幸福为先。由此判断出划线句的词表明阿瑟-史密斯的父母和教练把她的个人幸福放在首位。故选A项。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Being as prepared as
116、 I can be is crucial as it keeps me calm and able to deliver in the moment.”可知，校园生活让作者能够冷静下来，专注于此时此刻，这让她能为自己的运动员身份做好准备。故选C项。【50题详解】主旨大意题。文章以金牌短跑运动员Dina Asher-Smith的口吻，讲述了她的成长历程、心态、父母和教练、学校生活等，而这些无疑都是使得她能获得今天辉煌成就的原因，A选项“成为金牌短跑运动员需要什么”符合文章主旨。故选A项。第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空
117、格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。In the course of researching my book, I asked people on five continents, “Who listens to you?” and the response was usually a long, awkward pause. Even those who were married and claimed vast networks of friends struggled to come up with someone who they
118、 felt truly listened to them.Its fueling what public health officials are calling a worldwide epidemic of loneliness, which increases the risk of dying young. Indeed, studies link loneliness with heart disease, stroke, dementia and poor immune function.To fight loneliness people are told to “Get out
119、 there! Join a club, take up a sport, volunteer, or invite people to dinner.” How do you connect with people once youre “out there” and “face-to-face”? Truly listening to someone is a skill many seem to have forgotten or perhaps never learned in the first place.Listening goes beyond hearing what peo
120、ple say. Its also paying attention to how they say it and what they do while they are saying it, in what context, and how what they say resonates within you.Listening is not about simply holding your peace while someone else holds forth. Quite the opposite. A lot of listening has to do with how you
121、respond-the degree to which you elicit clear expression of another s thoughts and, in the process, express your own clearly. It starts with an openness and willingness to follow another persons story without presumption or getting sidetracked by whats going on in your own head.Good listeners ask goo
122、d questions. Everyone is interesting if you ask the right questions. If someone seems dull or uninteresting, its on you. Good questions dont have a hidden agenda of fixing, saving, advising, convincing or correcting. They dont begin with “Dont you think?”or “Wouldnt you agree?” and they definitely d
123、ont end with Right? The idea is to find out more about the speakers point of view, not to influence it.Also avoid asking appraising questions like “What do you do for a living?” and “What part of town do you live in?” and “Are you married?” These are not honest attempts to get to know people so much
124、 as rank them in the social hierarchy. It makes people strongly defensive and is likely to reduce the conversation to a CV recitation.Instead, ask expansive questions such as, “Whats the best gift you ever received?” and “If you could live anywhere in the world, where would you live?” Listening to p
125、eople in this way is also essential to reaching compromise. You might not agree with them, but you gain understanding about their background and influences.Listening is a skill and, like any skill, it degrades if you dont do it enough. The more people you listen to, the more aspects of humanity you
126、will recognize and the better your judgments. To listen poorly, selectively, or not at all, will stop you from having a better understanding of the world.Passage outlineSupporting detailsIntroductionPeople today find it hard to have a true_51_. It can increase loneliness,which probably causes an_52_
127、death.People are advised to be actively_53_in various social activities and truly listen to each other.How to listen_54_on the speaker as well as what is being said.Follow another persons story_55_without presumption and distraction.Ask good questions meant to_56_the speakers point of view.Avoid ask
128、ing appraising questions that will make people quite_57_to have an open and deep conversation.Listen to people by asking expansive questions to_58_gaps and find common ground.SummaryListening is a skill that needs constant_59_Good listening will improve our judgments,while poor listening will _60_ o
129、ur understanding of the world.【答案】51. listener 52. earlier/ early 53. involved/ engaged 54. Concentrate/ Focus 55. truly/ openly/ willingly 56. explore 57. reluctant/ unwilling/ defensive 58. bridge/ narrow 59. practice 60. limit/ restrict【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了倾听的重要性。今天的人们发现很难找到一个真正的倾听者，这是对健康有害的，同时建议人们
130、多参加各种各样的社交活动真正地倾听彼此。文章还说明了如何去倾听，告诉我们倾听是一种需要不断练习的技能，好的听力会提高我们的判断能力，而不好的听力会限制我们对世界的理解。【51题详解】考查名词。根据第一段中Even those who were married and claimed vast networks of friends struggled to come up with someone who they felt truly listened to them.可知即使是那些已婚且自称有大量朋友人，也很难找到一个真正倾听他们心声的人。由此可知，今天的人们发现很难找到一个真正的倾听者。
131、根据上文a true可知应填单数名词listener，表示“倾听者”。故填listener。【52题详解】考查形容词或比较级。根据第二段中Its fuelling what public health officials are calling a worldwide epidemic of loneliness, which increases the risk of dying young.可知这加剧了公共卫生官员所说的全球范围内的孤独流行病，增加了英年早逝的风险。由此可知，找不到真正的倾听者会增加孤独感，可能会导致过早死亡。表示“早期死亡”或“过早死亡”短语为an earlier/ear
132、ly death。故填earlier/ early。【53题详解】考查动词语态。根据第三段中To fight loneliness people are told to “Get out there! Join a club, take up a sport, volunteer, or invite people to dinner.”可知为了战胜孤独，人们被告知“走出去!加入一个俱乐部，参加一项运动，做志愿者，或者邀请别人吃饭。”由此可知，建议人们积极参与各种社会活动，真正倾听彼此。此处作谓语且表示“参与”短语为be involved/engaged in。故填involved/ enga
133、ged。【54题详解】考查动词。根据第四段Listening goes beyond hearing what people say. Its also paying attention to how they say it and what they do while they are saying it, in what context, and how what they say resonates within you.可知倾听不仅仅是听别人说什么。也要注意他们说话的方式，说话时他们做了什么，在什么语境下，以及他们的话如何在你心中产生共鸣。由此可知，注意力要集中在说话人身上，也要集中在
134、说话的内容上。表示“集中于”短语为concentrate/focus on，且此处为祈使句句首动词用原形，要大写。故填Concentrate/ Focus。【55题详解】考查副词。根据第五段中It starts with an openness and willingness to follow another persons story without presumption or getting sidetracked by whats going on in your own head.可知它以一种开放的心态和意愿开始，不做任何推测，也不被自己的想法所左右。由此可知，要真实地/开放地/欣
135、然地跟随别人的故事，不做任何假设，也不分散注意力。此处修饰动词Follow应用副词，且表示“真实地”，“开放地”，“欣然地”副词为truly/ openly/ willingly。故填truly/ openly/ willingly。【56题详解】考查动词。根据倒数第四段中The idea is to find out more about the speakers point of view, not to influence it.可知这样做是为了更多地了解演讲者的观点，而不是去影响它。由此可知，问一些好的问题意味着探索说话者的观点。表示“探索”动词为explore，且根据上文mean t
136、o do sth.可知应填动词原形。故填explore。【57题详解】考查形容词。根据倒数第三段中It makes people strongly defensive and is likely to reduce the conversation to a CV recitation.可知它会使人们产生强烈的防御心理，并有可能将谈话简化为背诵简历。由此可知，避免问评估性的问题，这会让人们不愿意进行开放和深入的谈话或产生防御心理。根据上文make people quite可知此处应填形容词作宾语补足语，且表示“不情愿的”“防御的”形容词为reluctant/ unwilling/ defens
137、ive。故填reluctant/ unwilling/ defensive。【58题详解】考查动词。根据倒数第二段中Listening to people in this way is also essential to reaching compromise. You might not agree with them, but you gain understanding about their background and influences.可知以这种方式倾听他人也是达成妥协的必要条件。你可能不同意他们的观点，但你可以了解他们的背景和影响。由此可知，通过问一些具有拓展性的问题可以缩小
138、差距，拉近彼此之间的距离，并找到共同点。表示“缩小差距”短语为bridge/ narrow gaps根据上文Listen to people by asking expansive questions to可知此处为不定式作目的状语，故填动词原形。故填bridge/ narrow。【59题详解】考查名词。根据最后一段中Listening is a skill and, like any skill, it degrades if you dont do it enough.可知倾听是一种技能，就像其他技能一样，如果你做得不够，它就会退化。由此可知，倾听是一种需要不断练习的技能。结合上文cons
139、tant为形容词修饰名词，可知应填不可数名词practice。故填practice。【60题详解】考查动词。根据最后一段中The more people you listen to, the more aspects of humanity you will recognize and the better your judgments. To listen poorly, selectively, or not at all, will stop you from having a better understanding of the world.可知你听的人越多，你就会认识到人性的更多方
140、面，你的判断就会越好。不听，有选择地听，或者根本不听，都将阻碍你更好地理解这个世界。由此可知，好的倾听会提高我们的判断能力，而糟糕的倾听会限制我们对世界的理解。此处作谓语表示“限制”应用动词limit/restrict，根据上文will可知为一般将来时，故填动词原形。故填limit/ restrict。第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）61.请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Li Jiang: Have you heard this? Our school will set up a selective course, teaching students basic te
141、chniques for making a kite.Su Hua:Yes, I have.The course is meant to inherit (传承) the kite-making craft.Li Jiang: Its really exciting. Ive always been interested in making kites. I want to enroll（报名）in the course.Su Hua: I want to attend kite-making classes too. But Im afraid the craft is too diffic
142、ult for me.Li Jiang: Dont worry about itWe can learn together.Su Hua: There is another problem. My parents wont permit me to take part in such activities.They want me to spend more time on my subjects.Li Jiang: By making kites we can be innovative, which is good for our study. I think they will supp
143、ort you.Su Hua:Yes, thats right. Ill think about it.【写作内容】1.用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；2.如果你是该校学生，你会报名参加风筝制作课程吗？请说明理由（不少于两点）。【写作要求】1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。_【答案】Li Jiang and Su Hua are discussing the kite-making course to be opened in their school. Li is eager to
144、attend it while Su is hesitant, worrying about his parents objection.I would be happy to sign up for the kite-making course if I were a student in the school. Making kites will enable us students to have a better understanding of its history, super craftsmanship and some special local culture, which
145、 helps to promote feelings of national identity. Besides, by making kites, we can cultivate innovation and acquire a lot of knowledge, ranging from structural designs to geometry. Whats more, considered as an artistic and group activity, not only can kite making enhance our ability of aesthetics app
146、reciation, but also it can improve our skills for teamwork and collaboration.So with such a good platform to be provided for us, I definitely wont miss out on this tremendous opportunity.【解析】【分析】这是一篇读写任务写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，写作内容：1.用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；2.如果你是该校学生，你会报名参加风筝制作课程吗？请说明理由（不少于两点）。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词
147、（组）：be eager to(渴望)；worry about (担心)；objection (反对)；sign up for (报名参加)；enable sb. to do sth.(使某人能够做某事)；cultivate innovation(培养创新)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I would be happy to
148、 sign up for the kite-making course if I were a student in the school.运用虚拟语气；Whats more, considered as an artistic and group activity, not only can kite making enhance our ability of aesthetics appreciation, but also it can improve our skills for teamwork and collaboration.运用倒装句从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。