1、K单元 江苏、安徽 目录K单元 江苏、安徽1K1任务型阅读（任务型读写）1K2 读写任务4K1任务型阅读（任务型读写）【英语卷2014届安徽省合肥市高三第二次教学质量检测】K1（2014合肥第二次质检）第一节任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。Gratitude means thankfulness, noticing simple pleasures, and acknowledging everything that you receive
2、. It shifts your focus from what your life lacks to the abundance that is already present. Psychological research has shown the surprising life improvements gained from the practice of gratitude.Two psychologists, Michael McCollough and Robert Emmons, conducted an experience on gratitude and its eff
3、ect on well being. The results of the study indicated that daily gratitude exercises resulted in higher reported levels of enthusiasm, determination, optimism, and energy. In addition, those who practiced gratitude experienced less depression and stress, were more likely to help others, worked out p
4、roblems more regularly, and made greater progress toward achieving personal goals.Therefore, its important to practice gratitude. Here are a few reminders.A common method is to get yourself a cute little notebook and write down 3 - 5 things that youre grateful for at the end of each day. They can be
5、 small things, or bigger things.You can also send a handwritten letter or make a phone call to a person for whom you are thankful, expressing the gratitude. It will surely brighten their day, and in turn, yours.Besides, for some, it may be a good idea to express their gratitude in person. It doesnt
6、need to be formal. Just a simple gesture of thanks is only needed to feel the benefits of this kind of gratitude.Finally, there are certain times you can devote to gratitude. For example, at the beginning of your meals, or at bedtime, or when your parents get home from work. Committing to a specific
7、 time establishes a practice of gratitude.Once you become accustomed to looking for things to be grateful for, you will find that you begin to appreciate simple pleasures, which can make a day and even change a life.TitleGratitudeIntroductionGratitude means being grateful and can help people 76._ on
8、 what they receive instead of what they dont have.77._of gratitude exercisesFeeling more 78._, optimistic, determined, and energetic.Becoming less depressed and stressed, but more willing to be 79._.Working out problems more regularly.Achieving your80. _goals more easily. Achieving your 80._ goals m
9、ore easily.81._to practise gratitudePutting down whatever you feel grateful for every day.Writing to or calling whoever you want to 82._ gratitude to. Giving thanks personally in a 83._ way.Devoting a proper 84._ to gratitude.Conclusion85. can make you and others happy and even change your life文章介绍了
10、感恩的重要性、感恩的好处和感恩的方法。76. 【知识点】原词重现题【答案解析】 focus 根据第一段句子 It shifts your focus from what your life lacks to the abundance that is already present.77. 【知识点】归纳词【答案解析】 Benefits 表格的右边讲述的是感恩的好处。78. 【知识点】词性转化题【答案解析】 enthusiastic 第二段第二句.resulted in higher reported levels of enthusiasm, determination, optimism,
11、 and energy.78需要填的必须和optimistic, determined, and energetic 词性保持一致，所以要用enthusiasm的 形容词enthusiastic79. 【知识点】词性转化题【答案解析】 helpful 根据第二段的句子In addition, those who practiced gratitude experienced less depression and stress, were more likely to help others, 把help改成helpful80. 【知识点】近义词转化题【答案解析】own 根据第二段句子and
12、made greater progress toward achieving personal goals. personal 的近义词own81. 【知识点】归纳词【答案解析】 Ways 表格右边讲的是感恩的方法。第四段的句子A common method is to get yourself a cute. method也有暗示 82. 【知识点】词性转化题【答案解析】express /show/ convey 根据第5段句子You can also send a handwritten letter or make a phone call to a person for whom yo
13、u are thankful, expressing the gratitude.可知要将expressing 改为express/show/convey83. 【知识点】句意理解题【答案解析】casual 从第6段句子Besides, for some, it may be a good idea to express their gratitude in person. It doesnt need to be formal. 可知 not. formal=casual非正式的；随意的84. 【知识点】词性转化题【答案解析】 time /occasion从第7段第一句 Finally, t
14、here are certain times you can devote to gratitude.可知，表达感激的时间和机会要合适。time/occasion85. 【知识点】词性转化题【答案解析】 Gratitude/ Gratefulness/ Appreciation 从文章的最后一段Once you become accustomed to looking for things to be grateful for, you will find that you begin to appreciate simple pleasures. 可知将grateful 改为Gratitud
15、e/ Gratefulness/ Appreciation【英语卷2014届江苏省徐州市第一中学（徐州市）高三考前模拟（201405）】K1 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。Observational Learning: To See Is to KnowA group of psychologists, led by Albert Bandura, developed social learning theory, which emphasizes the fact that mu
16、ch learning occurs in a social context. This kind of learning, which results simply from observing and imitating the behaviors of others, is called observational learning. Observational learning helps people acquire proper behaviors in their families and cultures: By watching others, we learn how to
17、 greet people, eat, laugh and tell jokes. Do you still remember your first few days in senior grade one? By watching others, you learned how people talked to each other, what clothes were “fashionable,” and how to interact with instructors.The people from whom you learn new behaviors through observi
18、ng function as models, presenting a behavior to be imitated. With modeling, you observe others behaviors, and then none, some, or all of these behaviors may be learned and repeated, or modified. In one of Banduras classic studies, children were divided into three groups: One group watched an adult b
19、eating up a Bobo doll, one group watched an adult ignoring the Bobo doll, and the third didnt see an adult at all. After being mildly frustrated by being placed in a room with toys, but not being allowed to play with some of them, all of the children were then placed in another room with a variety o
20、f toys, including a Bobo doll. Children in the first group tended to imitate what they had seen, mistreating the doll (and inventing new ways to abuse it) and being aggressive with the other toys in the room.Researchers have discovered that several characteristics of models can make learning through
21、 observation more effective. Not surprisingly, the more you pay attention to the model, the more you learn. You are more likely to pay attention if the model is an expert, is good looking, has high status, or is socially powerful. Second, by watching others, we learn about what behaviors are appropr
22、iate for people like ourselves, so models who are seen as similar are more readily imitated. All students need to see successful, capable models who look and sound like them.Then, as teachers, how can you apply observational learning? Here are a few guidelines. Above all, model the behaviors and att
23、itudes you desire your students to learn. For example, show enthusiasm for the subject you teach. Be willing to demonstrate both the mental and the physical tasks you expect the students to perform. Second, use peers, especially class leaders, as models. For example, in group work, pair students who
24、 do well with those who are having difficulties. Third, you may seek the help of class leaders in modeling behaviors. Examples include letting high-status students lead an activity when you need class cooperation or when students are likely to be reluctant at first. Observational Learning: To See Is
25、 to KnowObservational learning is learning that occurs through (72) and imitation of others.(71) and application of observational learning Observational learning helps people learn how to behave (73) in their families and cultures.Models are the people who present behaviors for you to imitate.Models
26、 and their influencesBanduras study shows that if children observe bad behaviours, they will become (74) themselves.Children are more (76) to imitate models who are experts, good looking, powerful and have high status. (75) of models that make observational learning more effective. Models (77) to ou
27、rselves promote observational learning.Modeling the (79) behaviors and attitudes is an important approach. How to use observational learning in (78) Using peers, especially class leaders, as models is another method.(80) the help of class leaders in modeling behaviors is also a good choice. 【答案】71.
28、Definition / Concept / Meaning 解析：根据第一段第二句话提到 This kind of learning, which results simply from observing and imitating the behaviors of others, is called observational learning.可知。 72. observation解析：根据第一段第二句话提到This kind of learning, which results simply from observing and imitating the behaviors of
29、others, is called observational learning. 观察学习是通过观察与评估而发生的学习。73. properly / appropriately / well 解析：根据第一段提到 Observational learning helps people acquire proper behaviors in their families and cultures:观察性学习帮助人们获得正确的行为。 74. aggressive / violent / rude 解析：根据第二段提到Children in the first group tended to im
30、itate what they had seen, mistreating the doll (and inventing new ways to abuse it) and being aggressive with the other toys in the room.，我们学到正确的行为因为看到类似的我们就会模仿，所以看到不好的行为，孩子也有变得粗鲁。75. Features / Characteristics 解析：根据第三段提到Researchers have discovered that several characteristics of models can make lea
31、rning through observation more effective.这些模型可以通过观察进行模仿。 76. likely 解析：根据第三段提到You are more likely to pay attention if the model is an expert, is good looking, has high status, or is socially powerful.可知填空likely,有可能的；77. similar 解析：根据第三段提到 Second, by watching others, we learn about what behaviors are
32、 appropriate for people like ourselves, so models who are seen as similar are more readily imitated. 通过观察，我们明白这此行为适合我们自己，因为我们的模型与我们的模仿是类似的。 78. teaching / education / instruction 解析：根据第三段提到All students need to see successful, capable models who look and sound like them.所有的学生需要看到成功的模型，与他们相象的模型，如何运用观察
33、到教学中。79. desired / expected / target 解析：根据最后一段提到 Above all, model the behaviors and attitudes you desire your students to learn.可知填写 desired 80. Seeking 解析：根据最后一段提到Third, you may seek the help of class leaders in modeling behaviors.第三寻求班长的帮助；K2 读写任务【英语卷（解析）2014届江西省师大附中高三三模考试（201405）】K2第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；
34、每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。1Oops! In your rush to get to school, you drop a piece of toast on the floor. Do you throw it away or decide its still OK to eat? If youre like most people, you eat it. Maybe you follow the “5-second rule”, which claims foods are safe to eat，if y
35、ou pick them up within 5 seconds of dropping them. But you might want to think again. Scientists now say that 5 seconds are all it takes for foods to become contaminated with enough bacteria to make you sick. 2Bacteria can cause many kinds of illnesses. Some kinds of bacteria can grow on food. If we
36、 eat foods on which these bacteria are growing, we can become sick. One of these food-borne bacteria is Salmonella. It makes 1.4 million people sick every year. Earlier this year, 370 people became sick after eating peanut butter that had been contaminated with Salmonella at the manufacturing factor
37、y. Salmonella are often found in raw eggs and chicken. Cooking kills these bacteria, which is why it is so important to cook eggs, chicken, and other foods carefully.3Being a good housekeeper is another good way to prevent infection. If household surfaces arent washed thoroughly, they can support Sa
38、lmonella for weeks. A team of scientists at Clemson University in South Carolina have tested the 5-second rule, using sandwich ingredients. First, they placed a known amount of Salmonella cells on three surfaces: wood, tile, and carpet. They then placed a slice of bread and a slice of bologna(博洛尼亚大红
39、肠) on each surface for 5, 30, or 60 seconds. After just 5 seconds, both the bread and bologna picked up enough bacteria to make you sick. 4So forget the 5-second rule. If your toast lands on the floor, throw it away. Stick a fresh slice of bread in the toaster. And this time, be careful not to drop
40、it! 76. What is the “5-second rule” mentioned in the first paragraph? (no more than 18 words)77. Why is it important for us to cook food carefully?(no more than 5 words)78. What advice is given to prevent infection in the last paragraph? (no more than 10 words)79. Why did the scientists at Clemson U
41、niversity carry out that test? (no more than 15 words.) 80. What is the authors attitude towards the 5-second rule? (one word)【答案】解析：阅读表达题一般要牢牢根据文章的上下文判断答案，因为答案都在文章当中。回答问题是主要所要求的字数。76. If you pick food up within 5 seconds of dropping them, they are safe to eat.根据5-second rule后的定语从句的if条件句判断。77. Becau
42、se cooking kills bacteria. 根据文中的Cooking kills these bacteria, which is why it is so important to cook eggs, chicken, and other foods carefully可知答案。78. Dont eat food that has dropped on the floor./ Being a good housekeeper. 根据文章最后一段的If your toast lands on the floor, throw it away. Stick a fresh slice of bread in the toaster. And this time, be careful not to drop it判断掉在地上的食物不能吃或做个好管家。79. To find out how long it takes these bacteria to attach to food. 根据第三段的内容判断该大学进行这次测验就是为了查出细菌多长时间污染食物。 30. Negative. 根据文章的最后一段判断作者对这个方法持否定态度。
