1、系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语第二部分 语法专题第二部分 语法专题第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语专题七 代词和 it 的用法第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语一、代词1人称代词主格(作主语)Iyouheshe宾格(作宾语、表语)meyouhimher 主格(作主语)itweyouthey宾格(作宾语、表语)itusyouthem第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格作宾语或表语。They like him.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语易错提示：在非正式英语尤其是口语中，人称代词作表语时常可用其宾格
2、形式代替主格。在比较状语从句中，有时也可用宾格代替主格(尤其是其后跟有同位语“all”时)。第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语Who is it?Its me.He is taller than I(或 me)He is taller than us all.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语若可能引起误解，就不能用宾格代替主格。试比较：He loves you more than I(他比我更爱你。)He loves you more than me.(他爱你比爱我更多。)第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语2物主代词形容词性(作定语)myyourhi
3、sher名词性(作主语、表语、宾语)mine yours hishers 形容词性(作定语)itsouryourtheir名词性(作主语、表语、宾语)itsoursyours theirs第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(1)形容词性物主代词只能用作定语，必须与名词连用。如：his pen，our books。(2)“形容词性物主代词own”常用来强调“某人自己的”，其后可跟名词。Dont use my pen.Why not use your own(pen)?I want a car of my own.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(3)“of名词性物主
4、代词(或名词所有格)”构成双重所有格形式。如：a friend of mine。第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语3反身代词反身代词 myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,oneself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves 可在句中作表语、宾语和同位语。I am not quite myself today.(表语)He saw himself in the mirror.(宾语)I myself did it.(同位语)第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语4相互代词(1)相互代词 each othe
5、r 和 one another 表示相互关系，两者差别不大，一般用作宾语。Bill and Helen blamed each other.(2)each other 和 one another 有所有格形式，可用作定语。They looked into each others eyes for a silent moment.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语5指示代词指示代词有 this，that，these，those，it，such，same 等。(1)this，that，these，those 的用法作主语、宾语、表语和定语。this(these)常代指时间和空间上较近
6、的人或物；而 that(those)常代指时间和空间上较远的人或物。This is my book and that is hers.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语this(these)常指后文将要提及的事物；that(those)常指前文已提及的事物。Now hear this.Meeting of all students on the playground in ten minutes!He didnt come.That is why he didnt know.that 和 those 常可用来代指前文提及的内容，以免重复。The life in Japan is
7、different from that in America.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语this 和 that 有时可表示“程度”，作状语，相当于 so。I dont want that much.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(2)such 的用法可用作主语、宾语、补语和定语。用作定语修饰单数可数名词时，不定冠词 a(n)放在 such 之后。Such is life./He is such a kind man.(3)same 的用法可用作定语、宾语、表语、状语等，常与定冠词连用。Its the same kind of work，just a di
8、fferent department.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语6疑问代词用于引导特殊疑问句。who，whom，whose 用于指人；which 和 what 可指人或物。(1)who 通常作主语和表语，whom 作宾语。在口语中，常用 who 代替 whom，但如果前面有介词，则仍需用 whom。Who is he？(表语，问姓名)By whom was the book written？(介词宾语)第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语试比较：Who is he？(问姓名或关系)What is he？(问职业或地位)第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版
9、 英语(2)what，which 均可作主语、宾语或定语。试比较：What sport do you like best？(不定范围的选择)Which sport do you like better，football or volleyball？(确定范围的选择)(3)whose 可用作定语或表语。Whose dictionary is this？(定语)第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语7关系代词关系代词有 who，whom，whose，which，that，as 等，用于引导从句。I like the book that was written by Shi Naian.第
10、二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语针对训练.用适当的代词填空1.The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city.2.He is _ a kind boy that he is always ready to help others.3.The population of China is larger than _ of Japan.4._ should take over the work?第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语5._ i
11、s Tom?Is he a teacher?6._ do you like better,English or Chinese?7.As classmates,we should help _.8.Id appreciate _ if you give me a lift.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语答案1.that 2.such 3.that 4.Who 5.What6.Which 7.each other 8.it 第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语.语篇填空(在下列空格中填入适当的代词)An old man and his son were taking
12、 a donkey to the market.The man rode the donkey and the son walked behind _1_.A man saw them and asked the son why _2_ wasnt riding the donkey.Then the father let _3_ride it._4_ man saw them and told _5_ that they should _6_ ride the donkey.So _7_ both got on it.A woman who saw them said,“Tell _8_，w
13、hy are you both riding that poor animal?_9_ looks so weak and tired._10_ are so cruel！”Then,the father and son got off the 第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语donkey and started carrying it across a bridge.When they were halfway across the bridge,the donkey struggled loose and fell into the river.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三
14、总复习 人教版 英语答案1.it/them 2.he 3.him 4.Another 5.them6.both 7.they 8.me 9.It 10.You 第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语二、不定代词1another,the other,other,others 的区别(1)another“又一；再一；另一”，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”。I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face another day like that.Give me another
15、ten minutes and I will complete the task.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(2)the other 表示两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”，是特指，常用于 one.the other.。Ill spend half of my holiday practising English and the other half learning drawing.(3)other 作前置定语，表示“另外的”。We study Chinese,maths,English and other lessons.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人
16、教版 英语(4)others 作代词，泛指“其他人”或“其他物”。You are a team star！Working with others is really your cup of tea.Some are singing and dancing，some are drawing，others are climbing the hill.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语2it，that，one，those 的区别(1)it 意为“它”，特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物。I like this house with a beautiful garden in front,b
17、ut I dont have enough money to buy it.(2)that 用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，相当于 the单数/不可数名词。Few pleasures can equal that(the pleasure)of a cool drink on a hot day.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(3)one 用来替代前面出现的单数名词，是泛指概念，相当于a/an单数名词；ones 用来替代前面出现的复数名词，也是泛指概念；the one 用来替代前面的特指的单数名词，有时可用 that 替代(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)；
18、the ones 用来替代前面的特指的复数名词，有时可用those 替代(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)。第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语Helping others is a habit,one you can learn even at an early age.Why dont we take a short break?Didnt we just have one(a break)?Students who do well in examinations are those/the ones who ask questions in class.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三
19、总复习 人教版 英语3no one，nobody，none，nothing 的区别(1)no one，nobody 表“没有人；谁也不”，只指人，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。常可用来回答 who 引导的问句。Charles was alone at home，with no one looking after him.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(2)none“没人；没有任何东西”，既可指人，也可指物。none 后可接 of 短语，常用来回答 how many/much 的问题。How many of you have seen the film?None(of us)(
20、3)nothing 意为“没有东西”，一般回答 what。Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语4all，both，either，neither，none 的区别(1)all 指所有的人或物，表示“(三者或三者以上)全部；都”。All I want is peace and quiet.(2)both 表示“两者都”。Did you go to London or Paris last year?We went to bot
21、h.A week in London and two weeks in Paris.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(3)either 表示“(两者中)任何一个”。He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found either of them again.(4)neither 表示“(两者)都不”。I tried two different methods,yet neither of them seemed to work very well.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语5ea
22、ch 和 every 的区别(1)each 和 every 都表示“每个”的意思，但 each 侧重个体，可作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。every 侧重全体，相当于汉语的“每个都”，在句中只作定语。The tickets each cost ten dollars.(同位语)Every dog has his day.(定语)第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(2)each 代指两个或两个以上的人/物，而 every 需指三个或三个以上的人/物。Each of the two has won a prize.Every Chinese is pleased at the news
23、.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语6few，little 和 a few，a little 的区别few 和 little 表示“很少的”，含否定意义；而a few 与 a little 表示“一些”，含肯定意义。few 和a few 代替可数名词，little 和 a little 代替不可数名词。在句中用作主语或宾语。Of all the guests,he knows only a few.Few of them are famous.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语易错提示：这组词更多用作形容词，在句中作定语。few 与 a few 修饰复数可数名词；l
24、ittle，a little 修饰不可数名词。He has few friends and lives a lonely life.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语针对训练.用适当的代词填空1Its an either-or situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do_.2A society cannot be successful if it throws tradition away,but it cannot be successful_if we do so
25、mething to stop progress.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语3This project requires close teamwork._will be achieved unless we work well together.4_can be good at something for 40 years if he doesnt love it.5To her joy,Della earned first the trust of her students and then _of her colleagues.6Ive lived in New Yo
26、rk and Chicago,but dont like_of them very much.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语7Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years,she lost_of her enthusiasm for life.8The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than _on the small ones.9At our factory there are a few machines simi
27、lar to_described in this magazine.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语10Recycling is one way to protect the environment;reusing is _.11Half of_ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.12Sophia waited for a reply,but _ came.13Larry asks B
28、ill and Peter to go on a picnic with him,but _ of them wants to,because they have work to do.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语14My brother would like to buy a good watch but _ was available from that shop.15Studying Wendys menu，I found that many of the items are similar to _ of McDonalds.16When he took his g
29、loves off,I noticed that _ one had his name written inside.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语答案1.both 2.either 3.Nothing 4.Nobody 5.that6.either 7.none 8.that 9.those 10.another11.those 12.none 13.neither 14.none 15.those16.each 第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语.语篇填空(在下列空格中填入适当的代词)Ancient China was a place where state
30、s were often at war with _1_.But _2_ was also a time when there were many great philosophers.Confucius(孔子)is the philosopher _3_ influence has been the greatest.He stressed the importance of kindness,duty and order in society.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语Mencius(孟子)was a thinker whose teachings were very
31、 similar to _4_ of Confucius.Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.He thought that if the government was kind,then people would be good.He believed that people were more important than rulers,and hated the state when _5_ treated people badly.第二部分专题七系列
32、丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语Mozi(墨子)was _6_ teacher who was very influential.Born in 476 BC,he came from a family _7_was very poor.He became famous for _8_ unusual clothes and behaviour.He founded the philosophy called Mohism.Mozi believed that all men were equal.He thought that we should love all human beings a
33、nd look after _9_ who are weaker than _10_.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语答案1.each other 2.it 3.whose 4.those 5.it6.another 7.that/which 8.his 9.those10.ourselves 第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语三、it 的用法1it 指代前面所提到过的事情、事物；婴儿或身份不明的人，未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。Ive broken a plate.It(Breaking the plate)doesnt matter.(指前面所提到过的事
34、情)第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语The Parkers bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before they can move in.(指双方都明白的事情)Look at the baby.Isnt it lovely？(指人们对其性别还不太在意的婴儿)第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语2it 用作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面，真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动名词或不定式充当。It worries me that he keeps changing his mind.New
35、 technologies have made it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.As far as Im concerned，its no use arguing with him.He wont change his mind.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语3有些动词或动词介词后面接 it，再加从句，构成固定结构。这类动词或动词介词有：enjoy，prefer，love，like，hate，dislike，appreciate，have，take，put，help，see to，
36、rely on 等。I dislike it when I am left alone to start a conversation with a stranger.They would appreciate it，to be frank，if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.How can I help it if people dont read the instructions?第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语针对训练.用 it,one,the one 填空1Sarah made _ to the air
37、port just in time to catch her plane this morning.2If youre buying todays paper from the stand,could you get _ for me?3No matter where he is,he makes _ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语4We have various summer camps for your holidays.You can choose _based on your own i
38、nterests.5We feel _ our duty to make our country a better place.6Silly me!I forget what my luggage looks like.What do you think of _ over there?第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语7The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other.8_ is still under discussion whether the old
39、bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.9Why dont you bring _ to his attention that youre too ill to work on?10The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase _.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语答案1it 2.one 3.it 4.one 5.it 6.
40、the one 7.it8It 9.it 10.it 第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语.语篇填空(在下列空格中填入适当的代词)My friend Tony and I always walk home together after school,for _1_ live in the same block and _2_ of us go in for football.第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语One afternoon on _3_ way home,we were about to say goodbye when we heard a loud s
41、hout behind _4_.As we looked around to see what had happened,we found a middle-aged woman lying on the ground,bleeding.We soon realized that _5_ had been knocked down by the black car in front of her.We hurried to help _6_，but a man with dark glasses came over and tried to prevent Tony and_7_ from g
42、etting closer to the wounded woman.So we got very angry with the man.How could _8_ stop us from 第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语helping a dying woman?The man asked us to turn around and we were surprised to see _9_ man carrying a video camera on _10_ shoulder.They were just shooting a film!第二部分专题七系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语答案1.we 2.both 3.our 4.us 5.she 6.her7.me 8.he 9.another 10.his
