1、英语：Unit2Healthy eating教案（2）（新人教版必修3）教材优化全析Reading:Come and Eat Here()1.Wang Pengwei sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.王鹏伟坐在他空荡荡的餐馆里，感觉很失落。feeling现在分词，作伴随状语。e.g.Standing on the top of the hill，you can have a better view of the city.站在山顶上，你能更好地看到这个城市.Jeff shouted，seizing her arm.杰夫抓住
2、她的胳膊，喊叫着。Seeing from the top of the hill，we can see the whole city.从山顶上我们可以看到整个城市.2.He thought of his mutton kebabs and fatty pork cooked in the hottest，finest oil.他想到了他的在热的最好的油里炸出来的烤羊肉和肥肉。cooked 过去分词短语，作后置定语(被动)。e.g.I know a girl called Mary.我认识一个叫玛丽的女孩。English is a language spoken all around the w
3、orld.英语是全世界都说的一种语言。3.His fried rice was hot but did not taste of fat.他的热而不腻的米饭。taste of sth. 有某种味道e.g.It tastes strongly of mint.它有挺重的薄荷味。taste 能辨别(味道）；尝出，品出。(不用于进行时，常与can连用）e.g.I cant taste.Ive got a cold.我得了感冒，尝不出味来。Can you taste the garlic in this soup？你尝得出汤里有大蒜味吗？taste 可用作连系动词，后接形容词作表语。The wine
4、tastes nice.酒的味道不错。4.Suddenly he saw his friend Li Maochang hurrying by.突然他看到他的朋友李茂昌匆忙走过。see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事(看到整个过程）e.g.I saw a thief stealing something in the store.我看到一个贼正在店里偷东西。I saw a thief steal something from the store.我看到一个贼从商店里偷了东西。5.But Maochang seemed not to
5、 hear.但是茂昌好像没有听到。(1)seem(not）to do 看上去好像e.g.They seem to know what they are doing.他们好像明白他们做的事情。(2)seem (to sb.）(to be ）sth. 似乎，好像，仿佛e.g.It seems (to me) (to be) the best solution.(依我看）这似乎是最好的解决办法。(3)seem like 看上去好像e.g.It seemed like a disaster at the time.在当时那就像是一场灾难。(4)It seems/seemed that. 看上去e.g.
6、It seems that she is right.看上去好像她是对的。(5)It seems/seemed as if/though. 看样子/似乎/好像e.g.It always seemed as though they would marry in the end.看起来他们终归得结婚。6.Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not coming to eat with him as he always did.如果茂昌没有像平时那样和他一起吃饭，那么一定发生了一些糟糕的事情。(1)something terri
7、ble 形容词修饰不定代词(something，anything，nothing，everything等）要后置。e.g.There is something interesting on the front page.头版上有些有意思的消息。(2)must have happened 对过去发生事情的肯定推测e.g.It must have rained last night.昨天晚上一定下雨了。We must have read the same report.咱们看的一定是同一份报道。(3)as he always did as连词，引导方式状语。e.g.Why didnt you ca
8、tch the last bus as I told you to？你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班车呢？Leave the table as it is.(Do not disturb the things on it.）那桌子就那样吧。 (不要动上面的东西。）7.Pengwei followed Li Maochang into a newly-opened small restaurant at the end of the street.鹏伟跟着李茂昌进了街尽头的一家新开的小饭店。newly-opened 构词法：副词加过去分词构成复合形容词e.g.newly-published 新出版的 w
9、idely-used 广泛使用的deeply-set 根深蒂固的a widely-used language 一门广泛使用的语言8.Tired of all that fat？肥腻的东西吃厌了吧？be tired of sb./sth./doing sth.对某人/某事/做某事不耐烦或感到厌倦e.g.Im tired of (listening to ) your criticism.我听腻了你的批评。9.Curiosity drove Wang Pengwei inside.好奇心驱使王鹏伟进去了。drive:force sb. to act 迫使某人行动e.g.The urge to su
10、rvive drove them on.求生的欲望驱使他们继续努力。drive a car 开车drive sb. mad/crazy/out of mind 使某人发疯，失去理智10.It was full of people.里面挤满了人。be full of 充满(强调状态） e.g.The cup is full of water.杯子里的水满了。11.I will take all that fat off you in two weeks if you eat here every day.如果你每天在这里吃饭的话，我会使你在两周之内减掉你的脂肪。take sth. off 切除身
11、体的一部分e.g.His leg had to be taken off above his knee。他的一条腿从膝盖以上被截去了。take off 起飞，除掉，脱掉e.g.The plane took off despite the fog.尽管有雾，飞机仍然照常起飞。take off ones coat 脱掉某人的外衣12.Wang Pengwei was amazed at this and especially at the prices.王鹏伟感到很吃惊，尤其是饭菜的价格。be amazed at. 对感到吃惊 e.g.We were amazed at the news.听到这个
12、消息我们很吃惊。amaze v. 使某人惊讶、惊奇(多用于被动）e.g.He amazed everyone by passing his driving test.他驾驶考试合格使大家很惊奇。13.He wondered if he should go to the library to find it out.他想他是否应该去图书馆查清楚。wonder v. 自问，常接疑问词e.g.I wonder who he is.我不知道他究竟是谁。I wonder whether they will arrive on time.我不知道他们能不能准时到达。wonder at sth. 感到惊奇，
13、惊叹e.g.We wondered at the speed.我们赞叹其速度。wonder about sth. 对某事感到好奇 e.g.I was just wondering about that myself.我就是觉得这件事莫名其妙。14.He couldnt have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies.他不能够让永辉说谎却得过且过。have sb. doing 让某人持续做某事 e.g.Im sorry for having you waiting for so long time.很抱歉让你等了这么久。have sb. d
14、o 让某人做某事e.g.The teachers have us leave to do the homework.老师让我们留下来做作业。get away 受到(较轻的处罚)e.g.For such a serious offence，he was lucky to get away with a fine.他犯了那么严重的过失，却侥幸只交了罚款了事.Reading:Come and Eat Here ()1.The next day Wang Pengweis restaurant was nearly full and he felt happier.次日，王鹏伟的饭馆几乎坐满了人，他高
15、兴多了。nearly adv. =almost 几乎，将近e.g.It is nearly one oclock.将近一点钟了。It is nearly time to start.差不多是开始的时间了。I am nearly ready.我差不多准备好了。2.Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.也许，他终究还是能够谋生，而不必关掉饭馆。(1)be able to do(情态动词）有能力、办法或机会做某事；能e.g.Will you be able
16、to come? 你能来吗？You are better able to do it than I am.你比我更有能力胜任此事。Tom is able to swim.汤姆会游泳。(2)earn ones living 谋生e.g.When he was young，he earned his living by selling salt.当他年轻的时候，靠卖盐为生。It is an honor to earn ones living with ones own hands.靠自己的双手谋生是光荣的。(3)after all 毕竟，终究e.g.Dont scold him;he is a l
17、ittle child after all.别责怪他了，他毕竟还是个孩子。He failed after all，though he tried all his best.尽管他尽力了，但他终究还是失败了。(4)close v. 关闭(强调动作），结束(演说等）Tom closed the door softly behind him.汤姆轻轻地把身后的门关上。After a while，he closed the interview.过了一会儿，他结束了采访。3.He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant w
18、as no longer popular.他不想因为他的餐馆不再受欢迎而欠债。(1)debt n. 债；欠债。e.g.He was in debt and he spent 10 years paying back it.他欠债了并且花了10年的时间还清债务。(2)popular adj. 流行的；普及的；受欢迎的；有名的e.g.That song was popular in the old days.那首歌在古代很受欢迎。He is a man who is popular with his neighbors.他是一个受邻居欢迎的人。4.She did not look happy bu
19、t glared at him as she moved round the customers.当她绕着客人转时，她看起来不高兴，而是盯着他。(1)not.but. 不是而是e.g.At the news，he did not laugh but cry.一听到这个消息，他不是大笑而是哭了起来。Not John but I am going to the meeting.不是约翰而是我要去参加会议。My brother did not learn English but Japanese.我哥哥没有学英语而是学了日语。(2)glare at 盯着，瞪着看e.g.It is not good
20、manners to glare at a stranger.盯着陌生人看是不礼貌的。5.“I thought you were a new customer and now I find you came only to spy on me and my menu，” she shouted.“我原以为你是一个新顾客，现在我发现你只是来窥探我和我的菜单。”她大喊着说。(1)thought.原以为e.g.I thought you were in the USA，and I did not know you were here，too.我原以为你在美国，我不知道你也在这里。I never th
21、ought you would bring me such a wonderful gift.Thanks a lot!我根本没想到你会给我带来这么美好的一份礼物。非常感谢！(2)find v. 发现；找到e.g.I find that he is an honest man.我发现他是一个诚实的人。We find him honest and we like to be with him.我们发现他很诚实，于是我们愿意和他在一起。I find English very interesting to learn.我发现学英语很有意思。(3)only to do表示目的；此处，only用来加强语
22、气，相当于just。e.g.I got up early only to catch the first bus.我起这么早就是为了赶上第一班车。He came here only to enjoy the Chinese food.他来这里就是为了品尝中餐。(4)spy on 侦察；窥探e.g.spy on the enemys movements 侦察敌方行动spy on ones secret 窥探某人的秘密6.I dont want to upset you，but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and sta
23、rted advertising the benefits of my food.我不想让你不高兴，但是我发现你的菜单太有限了以至于我开始登广告宣传我的食物的益处了。(1)upset v. 扰乱；使不安；打翻e.g.Dont upset the boat.不要把船弄翻了。(2) so.that. 如此，以至于e.g.It is so cold today that they dont want to go out for play.今天太冷了以至于他们不想出去玩。Mr Yang is so good a teacher that the students all like him.杨老师是这么
24、好的一个老师以至于学生们都很喜欢他。There are so many people in the street that the bus is going slowly.大街上人太多了以至于汽车行驶地缓慢。(3)stop 停止；(使)停下来；阻止e.g.When he heard someone called his name，he stopped to have a look.当他听到有人叫他的名字时，他停下来看了看。He stopped a car and got into it quickly.他拦下一辆车并快速上了车。When they saw their teacher enter
25、ed the classroom，they stopped talking.当他们看见老师进了教室就不说话了。After we walked a whole day，we stopped to find a place to put up our tent to have a rest.我们走了一整天之后找了一个地方把帐篷搭起来休息。(4)start vt. & vi. 开始；产生；出发；启程；使开始e.g.It started raining when we got home.我们到家的时候开始下雨了。This news started me thinking.这消息引起了我的思索。At l
26、ast，the bus started.公共汽车终于启程了。A rich uncle started him in business.一位有钱的叔父帮助他创办事业。When did you start learning (to learn) English? 你什么时候开始学英语的？As time went on，he started to see the importance of study.随着时间的流逝，他开始明白学习的重要性。I am starting to prepare for the exam.我开始为考试作准备。7.Why dont you sit down and try
27、a meal? 为什么不坐下来尝尝这些饭呢？try(v.) 品尝，尝试。e.g.Try the fish，please! 请品尝鱼。Try it again! 再试一遍。8.Yonghui agreed to stay and soon they were enjoying the dumplings.永辉同意留下来，很快他们就品尝起了饺子agree v. 同意，赞同e.g.He agreed to send me some books on computer.他同意送我几本关于电脑的书。I agreed to help him with English soon.我同意很快帮他学习英语。9.
28、I feel sick with all this fat and.我感觉这些肥肉很难受feel sick with 难受，想呕吐e.g.She feels sick when she eats fat.她吃肥肉时想吐。10.Wang Pengwei was just enjoying a second plate of dumplings.王鹏伟正要吃另一盘饺子此句中的不定冠词a放在序数词前面表示的意思是“又一个；再一个”。e.g.The boss asked a third one whose turn it is to be on duty tonight.老板又问了一个人今天晚上谁值班
29、。It is a wonderful play and I want to see it a second time.这么好的一部戏，我想再看一次。11.But dont you get tired quickly? 然而你不会很快就厌烦了吗？此句中get为连系动词，后面使用tired作表语，tired是过去分词当形容词用。e.g.After walking a long way，we got tired soon.走了一段长路之后，我们很快累了。When he was ill，he got tired easily.在他生病期间，他很容易劳累。12.I do have to rest a l
30、ot.我一定要多休息。do在这里起强调谓语动词的作用。e.g.I do like music. 我确实喜欢音乐。We did go to meet him yesterday，but he had gone when we got there.我们昨天确实去接他了，但是我们到那里的时候他已经走了。Jack does like pets，so he raises many little animals.杰克太喜欢宠物了，所以他养了好多小动物。13.But dont you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner?可是你不认为如果你再瘦
31、一点的话会更好吗？a bit表示“一点儿，一些”，此处用来修饰比较级。e.g.After he did much practice，his spoken English is a bit better.在做了大量练习之后，他的口语好多了。Today，it is a bit colder than yesterday.Youd better wear more.今天比昨天冷点。你最好多穿点。14.My research has shown me that neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet.调查表明你的餐馆和我的餐馆都没
32、有提供一种合理的食物。（1)neither.nor. 既不也不。用来连接句子的并列成分。e.g.Neither Xiaoli nor his brother likes to stay at home at weekend.小李和他哥哥在周末都不愿意呆在家里。My father likes neither majiang nor smoke.我父亲既不喜欢打麻将也不喜欢吸烟。Neither our teacher nor we students like the food in the school dinning room.老师和学生都不喜欢学校食堂的饭菜。(2)offer v. 提供；供给
33、。e.g.I have been offered a job in Beijing.我已经在北京找到了一份工作。He offered to lend me some books.他要借给我几本书。I offered 5 000 yuan for the computer，but the boss refused.那台电脑我出价5 000元，老板不答应。He offered to help me.他主动提出要帮助我。15.Perhaps we ought to combine our menus and provide a balanced menu with food full of ener
34、gy and fibre.也许我们应该把我们的菜单联合起来供应富含能量和纤维素的合理事物。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”这一复合结构在句子中作定语或者状语；作状语是表示伴随情况或者原因。(1)作状语e.g.The beggar begged from door to door，with a lot of children following behind.那个乞丐挨户乞讨，后面跟着一群孩子。The thief was brought to the front with his hands tied behind.那个小偷的手被绑在后面，被带到前面。They walked to their fi
35、elds with hoes on their shoulders.他们扛着锄头往地里走。With his homework done，the boy ran out for a swim.做完作业后，那孩子跑出去游泳了。You should read with the radio off.在看书的时候应该把收音机关掉。With Li Ping to help us，Im sure we can finish our task.有李平来帮助我们，我敢肯定我们一定能提前完成任务。(2)作定语e.g.My aunt lives in the room with the windows facing
36、 south.我姑妈住在那间窗户朝南开的房间。The woman with a baby in her arms is getting on the bus.怀里抱着婴儿的那位妇女正在上车。16.boiled the potatoes rather than fried them.煮土豆而不是炸土豆rather than 而不是；并非He came all the way to improve the relationship rather than to make money.他一路来此为的是改善关系而不是为了挣钱。We should help him rather than laugh a
37、t him when he is in trouble.当他遇到困难时我们应该帮助他而不是嘲笑他。Grammar情态动词 ought to/ought not to1.should和ought to表示责任、建议或劝告，翻译为“应该”，后者语气强一些。 e.g.You should listen to the doctors advice if you want to recover soon.Such things ought not to be allowed.2.should接动词的完成式，是一种谴责，表示过去应该做而没有做或过去做了而不应该做的事。e.g.I missed the cl
38、ass.I should have come earlier.I shouldnt have made such a foolish mistake.3.情态动词ought to中的to不可省略。表示责任、可能性等，意思是“应当，应该”。e.g.We ought to take him to a doctor at once.我们应当马上把他送往医院。He ought not to have kept us waiting so long.他(当时)不应该让我们等那么长的时间。全析提示现在分词作伴随状语要和句子主语保持一致，体现主动关系。而过去分词和主语是被动关系。如:Seen from th
39、e top of the hill，the city looks more beautiful.从山顶看下去，这个城市越发美丽了。思维拓展单个过去分词作定语，一般前置，如：a fallen tree 一棵倒了的树a used book 一本用过的书思维拓展taste for n. 爱好，嗜好She has a taste for foreign travel.她有到国外旅行的爱好。tasty adj. 美味的tasty dish 好吃的菜全析提示see的常见短语：see about 注意；安排see sb. off 为某人送行see out 熬过；度过see over 检查see throug
40、h 识破，看穿(借口、谎言)see to注意，留意；关照思维拓展seem的否定用法：e.g.He seems not to be at home.He doesnt seem to be at home.他好像不在家。用作系动词，后接形容词/名词作表语：She seems happy.她看上去很高兴。类似的词还有：become，turn，get，sound，smell，taste等。思维拓展must是对现在情况进行推测。You must be hungry after your long walk.走了这么长的路你一定饿了。She must be having a lot of problem
41、s with the language.她在语言上一定有很多困难。思维拓展as.as 和一样e.g.He is as tall as his father.as if;as though 似乎，好像e.g.He behaved as if nothing had happened.他好像若无其事的样子。思维拓展数词+名词+ed=复合形容词a 3-legged chair 一把3条腿的椅子a middle-aged lady 一个中年妇女数词+名词+形容词=复合形容词a 3-year-old girl 一个3岁的女孩思维拓展tired 疲倦的 He is tired.他累了。tiring 令人疲
42、倦的 a tiring job 一份令人疲倦的工作。思维拓展driveway 私人车道driving-test 驾照考试全析提示be filled with 充满(强调动作）e.g.The cup is filled with water.杯子里装满了水。思维拓展take over 接管take up 占据e.g.The table takes up too much room.这张桌子太占地儿了。Her time is fully taken up by writing.她的时间大都用于写作了。take-away 外买的思维拓展amaze的习惯用语：be amazed at (by). 对大
43、为惊奇be amazed to see 看到感到吃惊be amazed to hear 听到感到吃惊be amazed to find 发现感到吃惊思维拓展wonder n. 令人感到惊奇的事物e.g.seven wonders of the world 世界七大奇观Its a wonder that.令人惊奇的是Its a wonder that he continues to gamble when he always loses.令人惊讶的是他一直输还一直赌！思维拓展make sb. do/get sb. to do 让某人做某事e.g.He got his sister to help
44、 him.他让他的姐姐帮他。They made me repeat the story again.他们又让我重复了一遍故事。全析提示nearly和almost都有“几乎”的意思，但是它们在用法上有些区别。almost经常和no，none，nothing或者never等否定词连用，nearly则不能。e.g.The speaker said almost nothing worth listening to.那个发言者说的话几乎没有一句是值得听的。要点提炼be able to 和can在用法和意义上近似，但can只有一般现在时和过去时两种形式；要想表示将来和完成，只能用be able to 来
45、表示。be able to 有各种时态。be able to 还表示经历各种困难之后能够做成某事。思维拓展earn ones living还可以写成earn a living或者live ones/a living。思维拓展after all还有“虽然，尽管”的意思。e.g.After all my care，it was broken.虽然我已尽量小心，还是把它打碎了。全析提示shut 表示“关紧，插住”(侧重于结果)turn off 关闭(灯，水管，电等)e.g.He shut the door and locked it.它关上门并把它锁上了。Please turn off the li
46、ght.请关上灯。思维拓展out of debt 偿清债务in debt to sb. 欠某人的债；受某人的恩惠思维拓展常用的短语有：be popular with 受欢迎pop music 流行音乐pop star 流行歌手，歌星全析提示not.but. 连接句子的并列成分；在连接主语时，句子的主语要用就近一致原则。思维拓展look at 看 glance at 瞥了一眼 glare at 怒目而视要点提炼在分析句子时要能够善于把握说话者想要表达的意思和使用的动词时态。表示在说话时间以前发生的事情，要用过去时态。思维拓展find+宾语+n./pron./adj./v.-ing/v.-ed/c
47、lause/ prep.(clause)find表示“发现，找到”的结果；find out表示通过打听，询问，研究等“发现或者找到某事情的结果”。思维拓展only to do 还可表示没预想到的结果。e.g.He entered his room to find it broken into.他进屋后发现房屋被盗了。思维拓展spy 还可以用作名词，意思是“间谍”。知识链结upset还有名词词性，表示“打扰，不安”。e.g.have a stomach upset 胃不舒服思维拓展so.that.和such.that.两者表达的意思基本相同，只是词序或搭配不同。such 所修饰的主要是名词，该名
48、词前可以有形容词修饰；或such自身作代词；so是用来修饰形容词、副词或相当于形容词或副词的词思维拓展stop用作“停止”的意思时后面可以跟动词的不定式形式也可以跟动词的-ing形式。stop doing表示停止正在做的事情；stop to do表示停下原来做的事情开始做另外一件事情。思维拓展start和begin在多数情况下可互换使用而没有区别，但在一般情况下，特别是在非正式英语中，用start似乎更自然些。在表示开业、出发或发动机器时，只能用start。另外，一般情况下，start和begin后面接不定式或动词-ing形式均可。但当start 和 begin用于进行时的时候，或者它们后面的
49、动词是指心理或精神活动性质时，如understand，know，see，think等，或者当它们的主语是事物而不是人或天气时，后面一般接不定式，而不接动词-ing形式。思维拓展try 还可以作名词用，表示“尝试”。如：have a try 试试vt. 努力try ones best 尽某人最大的努力思维拓展agree的其他短语：agree that 从句agree to+n. 同意某事，如：计划，建议，安排，办法等。agree with sb./what-clause(食物，天气等)适合某人思维拓展此处sick不可以换成ill，表示感觉难受，不舒服。思维拓展序数词前不表示特指时，可以使用不定冠
50、词a/an;在表示特指时要使用定冠词the。e.g.Are you going to learn a second language in the third grade? 你在三年级要学另外一门外语吗？思维拓展还有其他类似的短语结构：get burnt 晒黑get paid 得到报酬get drunk 喝醉酒 get prepared 作准备全析提示英语结构中强调谓语动词时使用do的形式；强调除了谓语动词之外的其他句子成分时使用句型：It is/was.that.把被强调的部分放在that前面。知识链接能够修饰形容词或副词的比较级的词或短语还有：much，rather，still，even，
51、far，a little，by far等。还有一些和a bit 相关的短语，如：a bit of+不可数名词，表示“一点儿”。not a bit=not at all 一点也不，毫不知识链接用neither.nor.的时候注意：如果连接的是并列主语，句子的谓语要使用就近一致原则。另外，either.or./not.but./not only.but also./There be 句型等也用就近一致原则。思维拓展offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb. (主动) 提供offer to do sth. (主动)提出做某事give sb. sth.=give sth. to
52、sb. (无偿地)给supply sb. with sth.=supply sth. to sb. 供给 provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.提供，供给(供应动作发生)要点提炼在“with+宾语宾语补足语”这个结构中，后面的补足语成分可以是动词的现在分词、过去分词、介词、介词短语、形容词，或者是动词不定式。如果后面的动词是由with的宾语主动发出的动作，就用动词的现在分词；如果后面的动词和with宾语是被动关系，则用动词的过去分词。e.g.with the boy crying，boy主动发出cry这一动作，所以用crying作宾语补足语；wit
53、h his hands crossed，hands是被交叉在一起，所以用crossed这一过去分词作宾语补足语。在表示将要做时用不定式。with many things to be done说明好多事情没有做，将要去做。知识链接would do sth. rather than do sth.=would rather do sth. than do sth.or rather 更确切地说He came back very late last night，or rather in the early hours.昨晚他回来得太晚了，更确切地说是在凌晨时分回来的。思维拓展should 和ought to 都为“应该”的意思，可用于各种人称。Ought he to go?Yes，I think he ought to.表示要求、命令时，语气由 should(应该)，had better(最好)，must(必须)渐强。
