1、天津一中2020-2021-2高二年级英语学科期中质量调查试卷本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）、第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分，考试用时90分钟。第I卷至4页，第II卷至5页。考生务必将答案涂写答题纸或答题卡的规定位置上，答在试卷上的无效。第I卷I. 听力(共20小题，每题0.5分，满分 10 分) 第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What will the woman do on Saturday afternoon?A. Go to a m
2、ovie. B. Attend a lecture. C. Have a meeting.2. Who is little Tom most probably? A. The speakers kid.B. The speakers friendC. The speakers neighbor.3. Where does the conversation take place?A. At a shop. B. In the office. C. In the classroom.4. What are the speakers probably talking about?A. A deser
3、t. B. A movie. C. A couple.5. Where is Mr. Smiths office? A. On the second floor.B. Across from the stairs.C. Opposite the meeting room.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒 钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. What is the probable relationshi
4、p between the speakers?A. Tourist and guide. B. Guest and hotel clerk. C. Customer and waitress.7. When can the man have his meal in the Chinese restaurant?A. At 9:30 pm. B. At 10:30 pm. C. At 11:30 pm.听第7段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。8 How did Tom feel about the tennis course?A. Boring. B. Terrible. C. Wonderfu
5、l.9. How much did Tom pay for the course?A. $240. B. $270. C. $300.10 What did Tom do on the last night? A. He watched videos.B. He had a tennis match.C. He attended a small party.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。11. What did the man do at dinner this evening? A. He ate very slowly.B. He talked happily with o
6、thers.C. He cut up several bites each time.12. Where is the man from?A. The US. B. Italy. C. Britain.13. What will the woman most probably do next? A. Ask some questions about American cultures. B. Say something about British table manners.C. Order some American dishes.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。14. Wha
7、t does the speakers company produce?A. Robots. B. Machines. C. Medicine.15. What will the second robot do? A. Put labels on the bottles.B. Fill bottles with the mixture. C. Pack the bottles into boxes.16. Whats the robots advantage according to the man?A. They work quietly. B. They work quickly. C.
8、They work tirelessly.17. Whats the womans decision?A. To consider the mans suggestion.B. To buy some robots for their company. C. To hire less workers.听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。18. What is the text mainly about? A. Experts favorite tastes.B. Genetic taste preferences.C. Reasons for our different taste
9、s.19. What is special about our tastes? A. They stay the same all the time.B. They can help recall the past.C. They are typical of human.20. What are “acquired tastes”? A. Things people eat as a habit.B. Things people gradually learn to like. C. Things people acquired with pleasure.II. 单项填空（共 10 小题；
10、每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Everything in my life has fallen to pieces. My life is such a mess!_. I know how you feel.A. By no meansB. I cant agree moreC. Ive been there D. I cant find any reasons【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：我生活中的一切都搞杂了，一团糟！有我呢，我了解你的感受。A. By no means决不；B. I cant agre
11、e more 我非常同意；C. Ive been there有我在；D. I cant find any reasons我找不出原因。根据“I know how you feel.”可知这里意思是“有我在”。故选C。2. I would like to thank all of you who made the effort. It is a relief that employees show their_to their job.A. devotionB. applicationC. connectionD. invitation【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我要感谢所
12、有付出努力的人。员工们如此热爱自己的工作让人感到欣慰。A. devotion奉献，专心；B. application申请；C. connection联系；D. invitation邀请。短语devotion to 意为“献身于，热爱”，符合句意，故选A。3. She seems to be gentle, but she can _ with anger when she is treated unfairly, which is surprising.A. explodeB. complainC. differD. bomb【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她似乎很温
13、柔，但是当她被不公平对待的时候，因为生气，她勃然大怒，这真是令人惊讶。A. explode勃然(大怒)；B. complain抱怨；C. differ不同于；区别于；D. bomb（爆炸物）爆炸；根据“with anger”可知，她勃然大怒。故A项正确。4. The collection, sorting and of historical materials and cultural relics of the May Fourth Movement should be strengthened, President Xi said.A. considerationB. conservati
14、onC. constitutionD. construction【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：习主席说，要加强对五四运动历史资料和文物的收集、整理和保护。A. consideration考虑；B. conservation保护；C. constitution宪法；D. construction建设，根据题意，故选B。5. The crop scientists found the varieties of wheat_not only by the type of soil but also by the climate.A. restrictB. restrictingC.
15、restrictedD. to restrict【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：农作物科学家发现，小麦品种不仅受土壤类型的限制，而且受气候的限制。restrict“限制”，为及物动词。此处为“find + 宾语 + 补语”，wheat和restrict为动宾关系，所以要用过去分词作宾补。结合选项，故选C。6. Maria is so independent that she never asks for her parents opinions_she wants their support.A. sinceB. onceC. unlessD. after【答案】C【解析】【详
16、解】考查连词辨析。句意：玛利亚是如此独立，以至于她从来不征求父母的意见，除非她想得到他们的支持。A. since既然；B. once一旦；C. unless除非；D. after在之后。分析句子可知，设空处及之后的内容为条件状语从句，结合句意，unless符合语境。故选C。7. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is_I disagree.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. how【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你说每个人都是平等的，这是我不同意的地方。空格处引导表语从句，和系动词i
17、s构成系表结构。表语从句中的谓语动词disagree是一个不及物动词，后面不需要直接加宾语。排除C项，A、D项意思与句意不相符。故选B项。【点睛】8. _the soldiers sacrificed themselves in the battle against the flood made many people in grief.A. ThatB. WhenC. WhatD. Why【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：战士们在抗洪战斗中牺牲了，这使许多人感到悲痛。 分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故应用只起连接作用的that引导。故选A。9.
18、Its extremely impolite to speak ill of your teacher after_shes done for you.A. somethingB. anythingC. allD. that【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查代词。句意：你的老师为你做了一切，你还说她的坏话，这是非常不礼貌的。A. something某事；B. anything任何事；C. all一切；D. that那。句中用代词all在句中作先行词，在定语从句中作动词done的宾语，省略关系代词that，表示“她为你所做的一切”。故选C。10. The department manager
19、 promised _ told her who stole the necklace would be rewarded. To her surprise, _ she said, there was no response.A. whoever; whicheverB. whoever; no matter whatC. no matter who; whateverD. no matter who; no matter what【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查no matter特殊疑问词和特殊疑问词ever的辨析和使用。句意：这位部门经理承诺不管谁告诉他谁偷走那条项链，都会得到奖赏。让他惊
20、异的是，不管她说了什么，都没有回复。no matter特殊疑问词一般引导让步状语从句，表示“无论”。而特殊疑问词ever既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句，同样表示“无论”。句中promised之后是一个宾语从句，属于名词性从句，因此只能用特殊疑问词ever，而后面则是一个让步状语从句，使用no matter特殊疑问词。故选B。III. 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 3150 题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最 佳选项。Just the other day, a fierce storm hit our comm
21、unity. I looked out the window and witnessed a tree being _11_ by the wind. The branches bent, and swayed (摇摆) back and forth, thanks to their _12_ to avoid breaking. The leaves desperately stuck to the branches because their life _13_ the tree. The powerful trunk which held the tree upright bent sl
22、ightly _14_ from the force in the battle to _15_ its position.After the storm had passed, the tree gracefully returned to its _16_ position standing tall among the chaos. It managed to _17_ the storm. It didnt look the same as leaves had fallen and the soil had loosened, but what _18_ is that the tr
23、ee won the fight for its life.For a long time I couldnt understand why this tree _19_ my attention the way it did. As time passed, it became clear that it wasnt just about the tree but about the _20_ roots which are deep into the soil providing _21_ and nutrition. The roots allow the tree to be able
24、 to take a _22_ because they are there to support it._23_ , the next time you catch your kids _24_, when the job is driving you crazy, when you are underpaid and the _25_ is tight, and when the storms of life are blowing, go back to your _26_ . Life is full of storms. They will make you _27_, make y
25、ou sway and even make you lose some leaves, but the _28_ your roots are, the stronger you stand. I challenge you to bend but dont break. However hard the wind blows, dont let life _29_ you into an uncomfortable position. Your _30_ lies in your roots.11. A. abusedB. removedC. brokenD. held12. A. heig
26、htB. flexibilityC. outlineD. weight13. A. depended onB. answered forC. intended forD. touched on14. A. towardsB. overC. backwardsD. into15. A. achieveB. reachC. establishD. maintain16. A. currentB. finalC. originalD. comfortable17. A. exploreB. avoidC. overcomeD. survive18. A. differsB. mattersC. co
27、ncernsD. reveals19. A. fixedB. paidC. caughtD. escaped20. A. unseenB. dirtyC. obviousD. new21. A. lightB. surroundingsC. sourcesD. water22. A. standB. fightC. chanceD. turning23. A. HoweverB. StillC. ThusD. Besides24. A. misleadingB. interpretingC. withdrawingD. misbehaving25. A. budgetB. deadlineC.
28、 handD. living26. A. dreamB. homeC. rootsD. trees27. A. winB. bendC. loosenD. stay28. A. deeperB. biggerC. moreD. brighter29. A. trickB. forceC. leadD. admit30. A. courageB. ambitionC. valueD. strength【答案】11. A 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. C 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C
29、 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者看到大树遭遇强风暴时，虽然树枝摇摆弯曲，树叶飘落，甚至根部的泥土都有些松动，但是泥土深处的强劲根部，不仅给大树输送营养，还保障了大树的稳固性，使其在狂风肆虐之下得以生存。作者由此联想到人生，当我们遇到残酷的挑战时，应该像大树那样，从根部树立坚定的信念，和勇往直前的勇气，坚忍不拔，不被困难打倒。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向窗外望去，看见一棵树被狂风肆虐着。A. abused虐待；B. removed去除；C. broken打破；D. held持有。根据上文“Just the other d
30、ay, a fierce storm hit our community.”以及常识可知，树被狂风肆虐，abuse符合语境，故选A。【12题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：树枝弯曲，来回摆动，多亏了它们的柔韧性，才得以避免折断。A. height高度；B. flexibility柔韧性；C. outline大纲；D. weight重量。根据上文“The branches bent, and swayed back and forth”可知描述的是树的韧性，故选B。【13题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：树叶紧紧附在树枝上，因为它们的生命依赖于树。A. depended on取决于，依赖；B. an
31、swered for对负责；C. intended for目的在于；D. touched on谈及。结合上文“The leaves desperately stuck to the branches because their life”以及常识可知，树叶的生命依赖于树。故选A。【14题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：支撑树直立的强壮树干在战斗中微微向后弯曲以保持其位置。A. towards朝着；B. over越过；C. backwards向后；D. into进入。结合常识上文可知，狂风在吹着树，树在大风中应该是微微向后弯曲，避免被吹断。故选C。【15题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：支撑树直立的
32、强壮树干在战斗中微微向后弯曲以保持其位置。A. achieve实现；B. reach达到；C. establish建立；D. maintain保持。根据后文“its position”可知树干弯曲是为了在战斗中保持其位置，故选D。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：风暴过后，这棵树又优雅地回到了原来位置，高高耸立在一片狼藉中。A. current目前的；B. final最终的；C. original原来的；D. comfortable舒服的。根据上文“the tree gracefully returned to its”可知大树应该是没被风吹到，又回到了他原来的位置，故选C。【17题详解
33、】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它努力在风暴中生存下来。A. explore探索；B. avoid避免；C. overcome克服；D. survive幸存。根据下文“the tree won the fight for its life.”可知，此处指树木在暴风雨后幸存了下来。manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”。故选D。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是，这棵树赢得了这场生存之战。A. differs不同；B. matters重要；C. concerns关心；D. reveals揭露。结合后文“the tree won the fight for its life”
34、可知这棵树幸存下来，赢得了战斗是重要的。故选B。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很长一段时间我都不明白，为什么这棵树会以这种方式引起我的注意。A. fixed修理；B. paid支付；C. caught引起，抓住；D. escaped逃走。根据后文“my attention”可知为短语catch ones attention表示“引起某人的注意”。故选C。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，原因变得很明显了，引起我注意的不仅仅是树本身，还包括它的根，虽然看不见，却深深地扎根于地下，给树提供水和营养。A. unseen看不见的；B. dirty脏的；C. obvious
35、明显的；D. new新的。根据后文“roots which are deep into the soil”可知树的根在地下，人们看不见。故选A。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，原因变得很明显了，引起我注意的不仅仅是树本身，还包括它的根，虽然看不见，却深深地扎根于地下，给树提供水和营养。A. light光线；B. surroundings环境；C. sources来源；D. water水。根据后文“and nutrition.”以及常识可知，树根给树提供存活需要的水和营养。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：树根让树木能够进行战斗，因为它们支撑着树木。A. sta
36、nd摊位；B. fight战斗；C. chance机会；D. turning转向。呼应上文“the tree won the fight for its life”指树根让树木能够进行战斗。故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，下次当你发现你的孩子行为不逊、你的工作让你抓狂，你的工资过低而预算紧张时，当生活的风暴袭来时，回到你的根源。A. However然而；B. Still仍然；C. Thus因此；D. Besides此外。结合前后文可知，上文提到了树根让树木能够进行战斗，因为它们支撑着树木，后文指出面临生活的风暴回到自己的根源，前后两句属于因果关系，应用thus。故选C。【2
37、4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，下次当你发现你的孩子行为不逊、你的工作让你抓狂，你的工资过低而预算紧张时，当生活的风暴袭来时，回到你的根源。A. misleading误导；B. interpreting口译；C. withdrawing取出；D. misbehaving行为不端。此处列举生活中的问题，结合上文kids可推测是指孩子行为不端。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，下次当你发现你的孩子行为不逊、你的工作让你抓狂，你的工资过低而预算紧张时，当生活的风暴袭来时，回到你的根源。A. budget预算；B. deadline截止日期；C. hand手；D. livin
38、g生计。根据上文underpaid可知，此处指当你感觉预算不足，用钱紧张时，故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，下次当你发现你的孩子行为不逊、你的工作让你抓狂，你的工资过低而预算紧张时，当生活的风暴袭来时，回到你的根源。A. dream梦想；B. home家；C. roots根；D. trees树。呼应后文中“lies in your roots”指在生活的风暴中回到自己的根源。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们会使你弯曲，使你摇摆，甚至使你失去一些叶子，但你的根越深，你就站得越稳。A. win赢得；B. bend弯曲；C. loosen放松；D. stay停留
39、。呼应第一段中“the tree upright bent slightly”指生活的风暴会使人弯曲，故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们会使你弯曲，使你摇摆，甚至使你失去一些叶子，但你的根越深，你就站得越稳。A. deeper更深的；B. bigger更大的；C. more更多的；D. brighter更明亮的。呼应上文中“roots which are deep into the soil”指人生遇到的风暴也会让人如同大树一样，有点弯曲，但是根系越深，人便站得越稳，故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管风怎么吹，都不要让生活把你逼到一个不舒服的位置。A. tri
40、ck欺骗；B. force迫使；C. lead带领；D. admit承认。根据后文“you into an uncomfortable position”可知生活的风暴会迫使人到一个不舒服的位置。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的力量在于你的根。A. courage勇气；B. ambition野心；C. value价值；D. strength力量。上文中“the deeper your roots the stronger you stand”是对本题答案的提示，即：根系越深站得越稳，就是说你的力量来自于你坚实的根基，故选D。IV. 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满
41、分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMany students dream of becoming an architect because it is such a popular job. I talked to American architect Suzanne Johnson Crocker to find out more about the advantages and disadvantages of choosing architecture as a career.Q1: Why did you choose archite
42、cture as a career?A: When I was young, I knew I wanted a job that was challenging and would allow me to keep learning. I considered chemical research, but I found myself bored by its limited range. I met a friend in college who studied architecture, and I was excited to learn how architecture combin
43、es art, math, and science. Whether working on historic structures or new projects, to me architecture is limitless, difficult, and rewarding.Q2: What are the best subjects to study at school if you want to be an architect?A: The education of an architect centers on the studio, where communicating id
44、eas is key. Communication includes drawing; writing, speaking, discussing, and model making. To support their work in the studio, students must study a variety of different subjects, including both general classes and architectural classes. I was very lucky to have spent four years in liberal arts (
45、文科) and science before studying architecture. This means that I am able to draw on a wide range of learning experiences.Q3: Do you have any advice for someone that wants to be an architect?A: Keep your eyes on the goal. When I was at university, we joked that studying architecture was harder than mi
46、litary training! We had long hours, tough assignments, and difficult exams. You will go through a lot of difficult times when you are studying to be an architect, but remember to enjoy life and take time out for hobbies and sports.31. Why did Suzanne choose to be an architect?A. She favored designin
47、g.B. She found it challenging.C. She was inspired by her best friend.D. She expected to find a well-paid job.32. What gave Suzanne an advantage during her career?A. Her business degree.B. Her rich learning experiences.C. Her excellent performance at school.D. Her wonderful public speaking ability.33
48、. What do we know about Suzanne?A. She wanted to be an architect from an early age.B. She is good at communicating with others.C. As for her, architecture is easy and rewarding.D. She learned liberal arts and science besides architecture.34. What advice does Suzanne give?A. Do regular exercise.B. St
49、udy at a top school.C. Be well-prepared for various exams.D. Be determined to face difficulties.35. What would be the best title for the text?A. Architecture as a career pathB. A famous American architectC. How to be an architectD. What architecture is【答案】31. B 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用
50、文。文章是对建筑师 Suzanne Johnson Crocker的一则采访，她告诉我们如何把建筑作为职业道路。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一个回答中的“I knew I wanted a job that was challenging and would allow me to keep learning.Whether working on historic structures or new projects, to me architecture is limitless, difficult, and rewarding.(我知道我想要一份具有挑战性并可以让我一直保持学习的工作
51、，.无论是从事历史还是新的项目，对于我来说，建筑是无限的、困难的，也是值得的。)可知，Suzanne选择成为一名建筑师是因为她喜欢充满挑战性的工作。故选B。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个回答中的“I was very lucky to have spent four years in liberal arts (文科) and science before studying architecture. This means that I am able to draw on a wide range of learning experiences. (我很幸运在学习建筑之前花了四年的时间
52、学习文科和理科。这意味着我可以利用广泛的学习经验。)”可知，Suzanne丰富求学背景让她可以更好地从事建筑行业。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个回答中的“I was very lucky to have spent four years in liberal arts (文科) and science before studying architecture. (我很幸运在学习建筑之前花了四年的时间学习文科和理科。)”可知，Suzanne除了学建筑外还学了文科和理科学。故选D。34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三个回答中的“Keep your eyes on the goal.(盯住
53、目标。)”及“You will go through a lot of difficult times when you are studying to be an architect，( 在你学习成为建筑师的过程中，你会经历很多困难的时刻，)”可知，要想成为一名建筑师就要下定决心克服各种困难，并紧盯自己的目标。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章是对建筑师 Suzanne Johnson Crocker的一则采访，她告诉我们如何把建筑作为职业道路。再结合第一段的“ I talked to American architect Suzanne Johnson Crocker
54、 to find out more about the advantages and disadvantages of choosing architecture as a career.”（我和美国建筑师Suzanne Johnson Crocker 进行了对话，目的是发现选择建筑师作为职业的利弊）所以“Architecture as a career path(建筑作为职业道路)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。BPlane wings are traditionally strong and thick but a team of researchers led by NASA has c
55、reated a flexible wing that morphs (变形) as it flies. The new wing is constructed from thousands of units that fit together and function in a similar way to a birds wing, says NASA research engineer, Nick Cramer.“Something like an eagle will lock its joints in while its cruising, and then it adjusts
56、its wings to a more suitable shape for its cruising, and then when it wants to do a more aggressive move itll unlock its shoulder. Thats a similar response to what were doing here,” he said.The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is constructed from body parts that are so large, so they require outsize molds (模具)
57、 to create them. The same applies to the Airbus A380. “The cost of infrastructure (基础设施) that the business needs to invest to build these planes is pretty extraordinary,” said Kenneth Cheung, a NASA research scientist. “So what were doing with these projects is trying to reduce all of that, so that
58、you could have the same sort of performance in terms of the materials but be able to manufacture it without setting up all of the infrastructure thats currently required.”The new wings are created by putting fiber reinforced polyetherimide into a 3D mold to create each part, which locks together in
59、a process that could eventually be carried out by assembly robots. The new structure can also be easily packed down to allow transport, which also makes it potentially the ideal package for another purpose to send into space.While the idea of cheaper, more flexible planes could be appealing to the c
60、ommercial aviation industry, there are major obstacles to overcome. That demands time, research and money. “If you want to revolutionize the traditional manufacturing process of the aerospace industry, you have to have a really good reason,” Cramer said. “So your performance gain has to be significa
61、nt enough to justify that. Its not about whether its practicable; its about whether its financially marketable.”36. Why does Cramer mention the eagle in Paragraph 2?A. To praise its great hunting skills.B. To explain why it adjusts itself while flying.C. To give an example of how the new plane wing
62、works.D. To make a comparison between eagles and other birds.37. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. The cost of making new wings.B. The performance of traditional planes.C. The performance of the new plane wings.D. The cost of building infrastructure for traditional plan
63、es.38. What is the possible future of the new wings structure?A. It may speed up planes.B. It may be used in space.C. It may reduce planes fuel consumption.D. It may be applied in infrastructure construction.39. What can we learn about the current situation of the new plane wing?A. It is financially
64、 marketable.B. It performs badly during the tests.C. It is more expensive than traditional plane wings.D. It has a long way to go before being applied in planes.40. What would be the best title for the text?A. A new flexible plane wingB. How plane wings workC. A great change in planesD Why planes co
65、st a lot【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. A【解析】【分析】本文是新闻报道。美国国家航空航天局的研究人员研发出新型灵活机翼，能够在飞行中“变形”，这一创新将可能从根本上改变飞机的设计。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Something like an eagle will lock its joints in while its cruising, and then it adjusts its wings to a more suitable shape for its cruising, and then when it wants to do
66、a more aggressive move itll unlock its shoulder. Thats a similar response to what were doing here,” he said. (“像老鹰这样的动物在巡航时会锁住关节，然后它会调整翅膀，使其形状更适合巡航，当它想做更有攻击性的动作时，它会松开肩膀。这与我们现在所做的相似，”他说)”可知，作者在第二段提到鹰是为了举例说明最新的机翼是如何运作的。故选C。【37题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的 “The cost of infrastructure (基础设施) that the business needs
67、 to invest to build these planes is pretty extraordinary,” said Kenneth Cheung, a NASA research scientist. “So what were doing with these projects is trying to reduce all of that, so that you could have the same sort of performance in terms of the materials but be able to manufacture it without sett
68、ing up all of the infrastructure thats currently required.”：“企业建造这些飞机所需投资的基础设施成本非常高，” (NASA研究科学家Kenneth张说。“所以我们在这些项目中所做的是试图减少所有这些，这样你就可以在材料方面有同样的性能，但可以在不建立所有当前需要的基础设施的情况下生产它。”)”可知，that此处指代制造传统飞机所需要的建设基础设施的费用。故选D。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The new wings are created by putting fiber reinforced polyetherimid
69、e into a 3D mold to create each part, which locks together in a process that could eventually be carried out by assembly robots. The new structure can also be easily packed down to allow transport, which also makes it potentially the ideal package for another purpose to send into space. (新的翅膀是通过将纤维增
70、强聚醚酰亚胺放入3D模具制造出来的，每个零件都可以锁在一起，这个过程最终可以由装配机器人完成。这种新结构还可以很容易地压缩起来，以便运输，这也使得它有可能成为另一种用途的理想包裹送入太空)”可推知，这种新型机翼结构有望在未来应用在太空中。故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“While the idea of cheaper, more flexible planes could be appealing to the commercial aviation industry, there are major obstacles to overcome. That demands
71、 time, research and money. (虽然更便宜，更灵活的飞机的想法，可能会吸引商业航空业，但是还有主要的障碍要克服。这需要时间，研究和金钱) ”可知，这种新型机翼还需要很长时间才能应用于飞机。故选D。【40题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Plane wings are traditionally strong and thick but a team of researchers led by NASA has created a flexible wing that morphs (变形) as it flies. (飞机的机翼传统上是强壮而厚实的，但是由美国宇航局
72、领导的一个研究小组已经创造了一种可以随着飞行变形的灵活的机翼)”可知，本文主要介绍的是由美国国家航空航天局领导的一个研究小组研制的一种新型的灵活的机翼。所以文章的标题可以为“一种新型的灵活的机翼”。故选A。CWhen you think of a national park, you generally picture fresh air and wild animals, right? Well, now youre going to have to add tea shops and something called “the Underground” to your definition
73、, because London, England has signed up to be the first “National Park City.”London was founded by the Romans around 2,000 years ago and people have continually lived there since then. In all that time, however, nobody had the idea to replace all the parks with big box stores or high buildings, whic
74、h means London already has a much lower urban density than most of the worlds cities. Nowadays about a third of the city is green space.In July 2019, London announced its willingness to become the worlds first National Park City. Now the city is moving toward the goal of achieving 50% green space by
75、 the year 2050 by connecting and increasing public parks, greening unused parking lots and the private yards of existing and new houses, and fixing some green roofs on existing buildings.“Encouraged by the aims and values of our rural national parks, the London National Park City is basically about
76、making life better in the capital through both small everyday things and long-term thinking,” Daniel Raven-Ellison, who began the movement to make London a National Park City six years ago, said. “Weve been doing that in London for centuries, which is why London is so green.” Its about going further
77、 to make the city greener, healthier and wilder; making the city richer in wildlife.London will have a much easier job achieving this type of green transformation than more densely-urbanized cities like Paris and New York, which have 10% and 27% green space, respectively. But that doesnt mean its no
78、t possible the National Park City Foundation hopes to include 25 more cities in addition to London by the year 2025. Glasgow, Scotland and Newcastle upon Tyne in northeast England are both considering becoming National Park Cities.41. What makes London more likely to become a National Park City than
79、 other cities?A. Its smaller population.B. Its locals requirements.C. Its governments strict law.D. Its wider area of green space.42. What percent of London is green space now?A. About 10%.B. About 27%.C. About 33%.D. About 50%.43. Where can you find out about Londons measures to achieve its goal?A.
80、 In Paragraph 1.B. In Paragraph 2.C. In Paragraph 3.D. In Paragraph 4.44. What does Daniel try to talk about in the fourth paragraph?A. The values of newly-founded parks.B. The importance of his movement.C. The influence of green space on cities.D. The preparation for setting up a movement.45. What
81、would be the best title for the text?A. London is leading the world in park constructionB. London becomes the worlds first National Park CityC. London is listed as the worlds most-visited cityD. London has built the worlds first underground park【答案】41. D 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。英国伦敦已经
82、签约要成为第一个“国家公园城市”，文章主要介绍了伦敦成为国家公园城市的一些优势以及原因。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In all that time, however, nobody had the idea to replace all the parks with big box stores or high buildings, which means London already has a much lower urban density than most of the worlds cities. Nowadays about a third of the city
83、is green space.(然而，在所有的时间里，没有人想到用大型商店或高楼取代所有的公园，这意味着伦敦的城市密度比世界上大多数城市都要低得多。如今，这座城市大约有三分之一是绿地)”可知，绿色空间的面积更大让伦敦比其他城市更有可能成为国家公园城市。故选D。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Nowadays about a third of the city is green space.(如今，这座城市大约有三分之一是绿地)”可知，现在伦敦有大约33%的绿地。故选C。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“In July 2019, London announced its willi
84、ngness to become the worlds first National Park City. Now the city is moving toward the goal of achieving 50% green space by the year 2050 by connecting and increasing public parks, greening unused parking lots and the private yards of existing and new houses, and fixing some green roofs on existing
85、 buildings. (2019年7月，伦敦宣布愿意成为世界上第一个国家公园城市。现在，通过连接和增加公共公园，绿化未使用的停车场和现有和新建房屋的私人庭院，以及修复一些现有建筑的绿色屋顶，城市正在朝着到2050年实现50%绿地的目标前进)”可知，在第三段可以找到伦敦为实现这一目标所采取的措施。故选C。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weve been doing that in London for centuries, which is why London is so green.” Its about going further to make the city greene
86、r, healthier and wilder; making the city richer in wildlife.(“我们在伦敦已经这样做了几个世纪，这就是伦敦如此绿色的原因。”它是为了让城市更加绿色、健康和野性；让城市的野生动物更加丰富)”可推知，Daniel在第四段想表达的是他的运动的重要性。故选B。【45题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Well, now youre going to have to add tea shops and something called “the Underground” to your definition, because London, En
87、gland has signed up to be the first “National Park City.”(好吧，现在你要在你的定义中加上茶馆和所谓的“地铁”，因为英国伦敦已经签约要成为第一个“国家公园城市”)”结合文章主要介绍了伦敦成为国家公园城市的一些优势以及原因。可知，B选项“伦敦成为世界上第一个国家公园城市”最符合文章标题。故选B。D. London has built the worlds first underground park第 II 卷V. 单词拼写（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分；满分 10 分）【根据所提供的中文或首字母，将所缺单词的适当形式填写在答题卡 66-
88、75 的位置上，每 空一词。】46. His taste of literature gave depth and variety to his_ (理解) of painting.(根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】comprehension【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：他对文学的鉴赏力使他对绘画的理解具有深度和多样性。 根据汉语提示“理解”可知，应填名词comprehension，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填comprehension。47. In a small sort of way, he had become a literary_ (名人). (根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】cele
89、brity【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：在某种程度上，他已经成为一个文学界的名人。根据汉语提示可知，celebrity名人，可数名词，符合题意；由空前不定冠词a可知，空处名词需用单数。故填celebrity。48. Stop_ (摆姿势，装样子) and tell us what you really think. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】posing【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：别装腔作势了，告诉我们你的真实想法。 根据汉语提示“摆姿势，装样子”，可知应填动词pose，且此处表示“停止正在做的事”短语为stop doing sth.。故填posing。49. Lai
90、ka was a space dog who became one of the first animals in space, and the first animal to o_the Earth. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】orbit【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：莱卡是一只太空狗，它是第一批进入太空的动物之一，也是第一个绕地球轨道飞行的动物。根据首字母提示及句意可知，此处使用动词orbit，空前to是不定式符号，应用动词原形。故填orbit。50. The_ (修复) to the castle took a year and cost a lot of money. (根据汉语意
91、思单词拼写)【答案】restoration【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：城堡的修复花了一年时间，花了很多钱。分析句子结构可知，空处需用名词作主语，根据汉语提示可知，restoration修复，名词，符合题意，此处特指这个城堡的修复，名词需用单数。故填restoration。51. R_each other, the twin sisters are difficult to distinguish. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】Resembling【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：彼此很相似，这对双胞胎姐妹很难区分。根据首字母提示及句意可知，此处要填“与相似”，resemble意为“
92、像，与类似”，为及物动词，不用于进行时和被动。分析句子可知，逗号之前的内容在句中作状语，句子主语the twin sisters和resemble为主谓关系，所以resemble要用现在分词。故填Resembling。52. Over time, e_ to large amounts of radiation may cause cancer and other health problems. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】exposure【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，暴露在大量的辐射中可能会导致癌症和其他健康问题。 根据单词首字母以及句意“暴露”，可知应填名词expos
93、ure，作主语，exposure to“暴露于”。故填exposure。53. While many of us had the dream of being an a_, perhaps not all of us would survive the physical conditions that space offers. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】astronaut【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：虽然我们许多人都梦想成为宇航员，但也许不是所有人都能在太空提供的物理条件下生存下来。根据首字母提示、句意及设空前冠词an，可知设空处填单数名词“宇航员”，astronaut“宇航员”，为可
94、数名词。故填astronaut。54. She doesnt intend to be_ (回报) to her kindness. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】repaid【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她不想被人报答她的好意。短语intend to do sth.，意为“打算做某事”，根据汉语提示，此处用动词repay；句子主语she与repay为动宾关系，所以repay要用被动，结合已有提示，所以填repaid，故填repaid。55. I see the vase in the window of an_ (古玩) shop. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】antique【
95、解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我在一家古玩店的橱窗里看到了这个花瓶。 根据汉语提示“古玩”，可知应填名词antique，作定语修饰shop。故填antique。VI. 短语填空 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分；满分 10 分）选词填空in the meantime, take up, leave an impression on, at ones own pace, regardless ofa desire for, back down, originate from, bring back to life, on behalf ofcope with, a lack of56. The
96、recent trip to Disneyland _me.57. All theories _practice and in turn serve practice.58. Bill Cunningham_photography throughout his life.59. The law requires equal treatment for all, _race, religion or sex.60. After a few months repair, the old city was_again.61. The school will have to be rebuilt. _
97、, teachers are using portable classrooms.62. There being _ money, we had to put off building this special school.63. _ the entire company, I would like to thank you for all your work.64. She was going too fast so I decided to keep riding_.65. She always had_ a really comfortable home.【答案】56. left an
98、 impression on 57. originate from 58. took up 59. regardless of 60. brought bake to life 61. In the meantime 62. a lack of 63. On behalf of 64. at my own pace 65. a desire for【解析】【分析】【56题详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：最近迪斯尼乐园之旅给我留下了深刻的印象。根据上文The recent trip to Disneyland以及句意“给留下深刻印象”可知为短语leave an impression on sb.
99、，句子描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填left an impression on。【57题详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：一切理论都来源于实践，反过来为实践服务。根据前后文All theories practice以及句意“来源”，可知应填动词originate from，且句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为，谓语动词用原形。故填originate from。【58题详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：比尔坎宁安毕生从事摄影工作。根据后文photography throughout his life以及句意“从事”可知短语为take up，且句子描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填took
100、 up。【59题详解】考查固定短语。句意：法律要求人人平等，不分种族、宗教或性别。根据后文race, religion or sex以及句意“不管、不分”可知短语为regardless of。故填regardless of。【60题详解】考查固定短语和时态语态。句意：经过几个月的修缮，这座老城又恢复了生机。根据上文After a few months repair, the old city以及句意“恢复生机”，可知应填短语bring back to life，此处主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，结合was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填brought bake to life。【61题详解】考查
101、固定短语。句意：这所学校必须重建。与此同时，教师们正在使用便携式教室。根据后文teachers are using portable classrooms以及句意“与此同时”可知短语为in the meantime，句首单词首字母要大写。故填In the meantime。【62题详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于缺乏资金，我们不得不推迟修建这所特殊学校。根据后文“we had to put off building this special school”结合句意表示“缺乏”可知短语为a lack of。故填a lack of。【63题详解】考查固定短语。句意：我谨代表全公司感谢你所做的一切工作
102、。根据后文the entire company以及句意“代表”可知短语为on behalf of，句首单词首字母要大写。故填On behalf of。【64题详解】考查固定短语。句意：她骑得太快了，所以我决定按自己的速度骑。根据上文She was going too fast so I decided to keep riding以及句意“按自己的节奏”，可知短语为at ones own pace。故填at my own pace。【65题详解】考查固定短语。句意：她一直渴望有一个真正舒适的家。根据后文a really comfortable home以及句意“渴望”可知短语为a desire
103、 for，故填a desire for。VII. 阅读表达（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读短文，并按题目要求用英语回答问题。Behind the band, there was a picture of a young man named Philip Hancock shown on the screen. And he was the reason they were all there. Hancock was a 27-ycar-old Australian who taught English in Chongqing. When he died in 2018
104、due to complications from diabetes, his parents followed his wishes and donated his organs with the help of the Red Cross Society of Chinas Chongqing branch.“Im Philips liver”; “Im Philips kidney”; “Philips eyes.”The five people a salesperson, a farmer, a former truck driver and two doctors introduc
105、ed themselves onstage.“Last year, Red Cross officials told me that Philips parents mentioned during an earlier memorial service that he loved music and dreamed of having his own band one day,” said former truck driver Chen Xianjun. Chen instantly wanted to form a hand in memory of Philip, and so did
106、 the other four receivers.Since they had no music experience, they had to start from scratch. From learning the guitar to mastering the maracas (响葫芦) and faking on the drum they took time out of their busy lives to practice over the past year.“Picking up a new instrument is certainly difficult at my
107、 age, but we have a clear goal in mind and are determined to achieve it.” said Mo Li, the 36-year-old real estate salesman.Peter Hancock, Philips father, said after watching the bands performance that his biggest wish was for the five to enjoy their lives more. think Philip not only gave them a new
108、life, but also some musical cells that enable them to appreciate beautiful melodies.66. What do these five people have in common? (no more than 8 words)67. What does the underlined part “from scratch” mean in English? (no more than 5 words)68. What goal did these five people want to achieve? (no mor
109、e than 10 words)69. What was Philips fathers biggest wish? (no more than 8 words)70. What inspiration do you get from the story? Please say it in your own words.(no more than 20 words)【答案】66. They are the ones who received Philips organs. 67. From the (very) beginning. 68. To realize Philips dream o
110、f forming his own band. 69. These five people could enjoy their lives more. 70. Philip had the spirit of selflessness, who saved the lives of others.Or: Philip was a great and selfless man who donated his organs and saved the lives of others.【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了为了表达对器官捐献者菲利普汉考克的感谢以及实现他组建乐队的梦想，五个器官接
111、受者组成了一个乐队，从头开始练习音乐，进行演出。【66题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“When he died in 2018 due to complications from diabetes, his parents followed his wishes and donated his organs with the help of the Red Cross Society of Chinas Chongqing branch.(2018年他死于糖尿病并发症，他的父母按照他的意愿，在中国红十字会重庆分会的帮助下捐献了他的器官)”及第二段“Im Philips liver”; “Im
112、 Philips kidney”; “Philips eyes.”(“我是菲利普的肝”；“我是菲利普的肾”；“菲利普的眼睛”)”可知，这五个人同为器官捐献者菲利普 Hancock的接受者。故答案为They are the ones who received Philips organs.【67题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第三段中“Since they had no music experience(因为他们没有音乐经验)”及“From learning the guitar to mastering the maracas (响葫芦) and faking on the drum they t
113、ook time out of their busy lives to practice over the past year.(在过去的一年里，他们从学习吉他到掌握沙球，再到假装打鼓，都从忙碌的生活中抽出时间来练习)”可知，这五个人因为没有音乐经验，所以他们在过去的一年里努力练习，因而他们是从最开始学习。由此推知，划线短语此处指“从头开始”。故答案为From the (very) beginning.【68题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Last year, Red Cross officials told me that Philips parents mentioned during a
114、n earlier memorial service that he loved music and dreamed of having his own band one day,” said former truck driver Chen Xianjun. Chen instantly wanted to form a hand in memory of Philip, and so did the other four receivers.(“去年红十字会官员告诉我，菲利普的父母在早些时候的追悼会上提到，他热爱音乐，梦想有一天能拥有自己的乐队，” 前卡车司机陈宪军说。陈立刻想要组织一支乐
115、队来纪念菲利普，其他四个接受者也是如此)”及第六段“Picking up a new instrument is certainly difficult at my age, but we have a clear goal in mind and are determined to achieve it.” said Mo Li, the 36-year-old real estate salesman.(“在我这个年纪，学习新乐器肯定很困难。但我们心中有一个明确的目标，并决心实现它。” 36岁的房地产销售员莫莉说)”可知，五个人心中这个明确的目标就是组建一支乐队，实现菲利普的乐队梦想。故答
116、案为To realize Philips dream of forming his own band.【69题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Peter Hancock, Philips father, said after watching the bands performance that his biggest wish was for the five to enjoy their lives more.(彼得汉考克，菲利普的父亲在观看了乐队的演出后说，他最大的愿望就是让五个人更好地享受生活)”可知，菲利普的父亲的愿望是让五个人更好地享受生活。故答案为These five peopl
117、e could enjoy their lives more.【70题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“When he died in 2018 due to complications from diabetes, his parents followed his wishes and donated his organs with the help of the Red Cross Society of Chinas Chongqing branch.(2018年他死于糖尿病并发症，他的父母按照他的意愿，在中国红十字会重庆分会的帮助下捐献了他的器官)”可知，菲利普把自己的器官捐献给了需要器官的人，所以给读者的启示就是：菲利普是无私的，他的付出拯救了其他人的命。故答案为Philip had the spirit of selflessness, who saved the lives of others. Or: Philip was a great and selfless man who donated his organs and saved the lives of others.
