1、江苏省南通中学2020-2021学年高一英语上学期期中热身练试题（含解析）第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.How much did the man pay for the cap?A.Ten dollars. B.Forty dollars. C.Fifty dollars.2.Where is the man going to plant the tree?A.By
2、 the front door.B.At the back of the garage.C.At the other end of the garden.3.What did the man mean?A.He quite agreed with the woman.B.He enjoyed the lecture the whole time.C.The lecture was more than one hour long.4.What does the man really want to do?A.To read the advertisement.B.To meet the mana
3、ger.C.To take the job.5.Whats the time now?A.8:30. B.8:00. C.9:00.第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Why does the man make his phone call?A.To buy a table. B.To reserve a table. C.To s
4、ell a table.7.At what time does Mr Miller want to go?A.At 7:00. B.At 8:00. C.At 9:00.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Where is Mr Brown?A.He is in the Sales Department. B.He is having a meeting. C.He is busy.9.What is Mr Petersons telephone number?A.13006217865.B.13006127685.C.13606207568.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.How lo
5、ng has Art been retired?A.About twelve years. B.About five years. C.About eight years.11.What did Art do?A.He was a businessman; he ran a bicycle business.B.He was a golfer.C.He was a painter.12What does Art like doing most now?A.Play golf. B.Paint pictures. C.Make glass.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Where do
6、es the man want to go?A.Tokyo Subway Station. B.Tokyo Art Museum. C.Tokyo Tower.14.How much is the train fare?A.130 yen. B.140 yen. C.150 yen.15.Where should the man get on the train?A.Platform 3. B.Platform 4. C.Platform 5.16.How often does the train come?A.About every five minutes.B.About every si
7、x minutes.C.About every seven minutes.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.What is the name of the course?A.Intercultural Commerce.B.Interaction in Communication.C.Intercultural Communication.18.What time does the class meet?A.3:05 p.m.to 4:15 p.m.B.3:15 p.m.to 4:50 p.m.C.3:50 p.m.to 4:50 p.m.19.On average，how ofte
8、n will the class meet in the research lab during the last part of the course?A.Once a month. B.Twice a month. C.Three times a month.20.Which item was NOT mentioned as part of determining a students final grade in the class?A.Participation. B.A research project. C.Presence of the class.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，
9、满分35分)第一节 (共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AI live on the West Coast of British Columbia with my husband and three children. Our day started like any other day. My husband left for work in the north of the town，which is an hour and a halfs drive. The younger children caught thei
10、r bus to school ten minutes away. Our oldest attends high school and is a 40minute drive away. I work at home in the office，working on the computer. It was November 2006 and the news had reported gusty winds. When the winds started to get strong I shut the computer down and tried to phone my husband
11、. I left a message telling him the winds were blowing at 80 to 90 km/hr. As I hung up the phone，I heard a tree crack. I went outside and stood in the driveway. Another tree exploded and my heart was racing. When the school bus carrying the youngsters arrived，I ran to get them. No sooner had we made
12、it to the house than another tree exploded. The children were clearly scared，so I loaded them up into the car and we parked in the middle of the yard，where no trees could land on us. It was starting to get dark. My oldest son didnt come home on the bus and my husband was stranded at work. I called t
13、he high school and reached my son. He said he was stranded and didnt know what to do. I called a friend in town for help. He managed to get my son home to me. Finally，my husband managed to get home. We had been prepared for such events，as we had a generator，candles，a wood stove，fresh water，batteries
14、 and two freezers full of food. We were without power for five days. But we didnt panic-we had all the emergency equipment we needed. Thankfully，none of our neighbours were injured，but the damage was extensive. We are witnessing climate change. We need to be prepared. 1. When did the mother hear a t
15、ree crack for the third time?A. When she was on the phone.B. After she hung up the phone.C. Right before she and her kids went into the house.D. Right after she and her kids got into the house.2. Why did the mother park the car in the middle of the yard?A. It was dark inside the house.B. It was safe
16、r there than in the house.C. She wanted to wait for her family there.D. She wanted to receive help from others.3. What does the underlined phrase “stranded at work” probably mean?A. Busy completing his work.B. Under the pressure of work.C. Stuck at the workplace.D. Worried while working.【答案】1. D 2.
17、B 3. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家人遭遇极端天气，家庭成员几经周折才安全到家，家里虽然没电，但因为做了充分的准备，所以并不慌张。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“As I hung up the phone，I heard a tree crack. I went outside and stood in the driveway. Another tree exploded and my heart was racing.”（当我挂断电话时，我听到一棵树劈啪作响。我走到外面，站在车道上。另一棵树爆裂了，我的心跳加速。）和第三段中的“When the school bu
18、s carrying the youngsters arrived，I ran to get them. No sooner had we made it to the house than another tree exploded.”（当载着孩子们的校车到达时，我跑去接他们。我们刚到家，另一棵树就爆裂了。），可知作者把孩子们接回家时，就听到第三棵树断裂的声音。故选D项。【2题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的“The children were clearly scared，so I loaded them up into the car and we parked in the middle
19、 of the yard，where no trees could land on us.”（孩子们显然很害怕，所以我把他们装进车里，我们把车停在院子中间，那里没有树可以落在我们身上。），可知作者把车停在院子中间，是因为没有树木能够砸到他们，得出作者认为院子里更安全。故选B项。【3题详解】短语猜测题。由第一段中的“My husband left for work in the north of the town，which is an hour and a halfs drive.”（我丈夫去城北上班，那里有一个半小时的车程。），画线词前一句“My oldest son didnt come
20、home on the bus”（我的大儿子没有坐公共汽车回家）及画线词后的“I called the high school and reached my son. He said he was stranded and didnt know what to do.”（我给高中打了个电话给我儿子。他说他被困了，不知道该怎么办。）可知，作者的儿子被困在了学校，她的丈夫被困在了工作的地方，stranded at work在此处意为“被困在了工作的地方”。故选C项。BIts undeniable that spending time outdoors and in nature lifts our
21、 spirits and makes us feel more centered and at peace.When we breathe in fresh air，and enjoy the beauty of trees，streams and oceans，we naturally tend to feel more connected to ourselves and others.Over the past decade，scientists have been exploring why nature-and dirt specifically-is such a powerful
22、 tool in improving our mood.According to researchers，the secret may lie in the microbes(微生物)of the soil.One bacterium specifically-Mycobacterium Vaccae (M.Vaccae)-has been identified as having the power to affect our moods and cognitive function as well.Experiments conducted at Sage Colleges in New
23、York found that contact with M.Vaccae could increase serotonin levels in the brain-a chemical that is associated with higher levels of happiness-increased focus，and reduced anxiety.In order to explore how the bacteria could improve learning，researchers Dory Mathews and Susan Jenks experimented with
24、mice in a maze.Mice that ingested the bacteria navigated the maze twice as fast as the control group and proved less anxious as well.Humans can absorb M.Vaccae just by playing in the dirt.We take in it when we breathe，we consume it in organic vegetables，and it can also enter our bloodstream through
25、skin contact，especially where we have open cuts.This may explain why children in school perform better after break.Neuroscientist Christopher Lowry at the University of Bristol in England believes that he has identified why this incredible bacterium works.“What we think happens is that the bacteria
26、activate immune cells，which release chemicals called cytokines that then act on receptors on the sensory nerves to increase their activity.”Beyond the power of M.Vaccae，scientists have been proving for decades that exposure to dirt，and a huge number of microbes found in dirt，can strengthen our immun
27、e system.When our body comes into contact with bacteria，it stores die information in a type of library and can then use that information to fight sickness and infection more effectively.Happiness，focus，less anxiety.Ill take a double dose of dirt；please!4. What raises peoples spirits while spending t
28、ime outdoors?A. Air.B. Trees.C. Water.D. Dirt.5. How does M.Vaccae work? A. By working on sensory nerves.B. By fighting sickness and infection.C. By strengthening the immune system.D. By making immune cells active.6. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Fight Sickness and Infection More Effe
29、ctivelyB. How Getting Dirty Can Actually Lift Your Mood?C. Lets Take a Deep Breath of Fresh AirD. Enjoy Beauty and Naturally Connect to Others【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章诠释了大自然中的泥土让人们在户外活动时精神振奋的原因。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Over the past decade，scientists have been exploring why nature-and dirt s
30、pecifically-is such a powerful tool in improving our mood.”可知，在过去的十年里，科学家们一直在探索为什么大自然尤其是泥土是改善我们情绪的有力工具。故“泥土”让人们在户外活动时精神振奋。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“What we think happens is that the bacteria activate immune cells，which release chemicals called cytokines that then act on receptors on the sensory nerves t
31、o increase their activity.”可知，这种细菌激活了免疫细胞，免疫细胞释放一种叫细胞因子化学物质，然后作用于感觉神经上的受体，增加它们的活性。所以，M.Vaccae是通过激活免疫细胞来工作的。故选D。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容以及第二段科学家的研究“scientists have been exploring why nature-and dirt specifically-is such a powerful tool in improving our mood.”可知，科学家们一直在探索为什么大自然尤其是泥土是改善我们情绪的有力工具。本文主要讲述了人们在户外
32、活动接触尘土时精神会振奋，以及尘土为什么会提升我们的心情，所以本文最佳标题是“变脏如何能提升你的心情”。故选B。【点睛】CScientists Diego Kersting and Cristina Linares have found that some coral species are able to recover from harmful warming events through a unique survival strategy (策略)known as “rejuvenescence” (新生)among corals in the Mediterranean Sea. T
33、he findings represent some rare good news for corals around the world, which are facing numerous severe threatsmost notably, climate change.“The main threats are climate change, overfishing, pollution and coastal urbanization,” Kersting said. “But currently, climate change is probably the one causin
34、g the most coral cover declines. Warming stresses corals up to a point that may cause death. Some corals bleach (白化) before dying. Other corals do not bleach but die directly.” He went on, “Our findings are significant because this survival strategy was only known from fossil corals that existed hun
35、dreds of millions of years ago. It is the first time that it has been found in a living coral. Thanks to our findings, we know now that some corals are able to recover, but unfortunately this is not enough in the current climate change context.”For their research, Kersting and Linares monitored 243
36、colonies of the endangered reef-building coral Cladocoracaespitosa in Spains Columbretes Islands Marine Reserve over 16 years, starting in 2002. The monitoring revealed that Cladocoracaespitosa in the Mediterranean uses rejuvenescence to cope with warming events. This process involves the polyps or
37、the individual coral animals in a colonyshrinking inward and abandoning their skeletons (骨骼) during warm periods, before rejuvenating at a later point. “What happens is that some polyps in a coral colonysometimes just one reduces completely its dimensions and partially retreats from its skeleton,” K
38、ersting said. “Once the stressful event is over, the shrunken or rejuvenated polyp recovers its size and builds up a new skeleton. Eventually, it begins to reproduce itself through budding and begins to cover the dead colony surfaces.”He continued, “The results were very surprising because I started
39、 to observe colonies that were dead years ago, that were showing living parts many years after their death.”7. What is the greatest threat to corals now?A. Overfishing.B. Light pollution.C. City growth.D. Climate change.8. What can we learn about the survival strategy?A. It is the cause of warming e
40、vents.B. It was found for the first time.C. It will bring hope for the endangered corals.D. It represents the evolution of the corals.9. What does paragraph3 mainly talk about?A. How the extreme corals forms.B. How the polyps survive their competitors.C. How the research was conducted.D. How the cor
41、al species manages to recover and regrow.10. What can best replace the underlined word “retreat” in paragraph3?A. Withdraw.B. Unfold.C. Benefit.D. Steal.【答案】7. D 8. C 9. D 10. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科普说明文。科学硏究发现珊瑚采取了一种再生生存策略，这或许能减少珊瑚白化现象。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But currently, climate change is probably the one c
42、ausing the most coral cover declines.（但目前，气候变化可能是导致珊瑚覆盖面积下降最多的原因。）”可知珊瑚现在面临的最大威胁是气候变化。可知选D。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thanks to our findings, we know now that some corals are able to recover.（由于我们的发现，我们现在知道一些珊瑚能够恢复）”可知再生生存策略将为濒临灭绝的珊瑚带来希望。故选C。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中For their research, Kersting and Linares monito
43、red 243 colonies of the endangered reef-building coral Cladocoracaespitosa in Spains Columbretes Islands Marine Reserve over 16 years, starting in 2002. The monitoring revealed that Cladocoracaespitosa in the Mediterranean uses rejuvenescence to cope with warming events.（Kersting和Linares从2002年开始对西班牙
44、哥伦布群岛海洋保护区的243个濒危的造礁珊瑚群落进行了长达16年的监测。监测结果显示，地中海的克拉多沙鱼利用新生来应对变暖事件。）以及第三段主要介绍珊瑚再生这一过程。故第三段主要讲了珊瑚如何恢复和再生。故选D。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据后句“Once the stressful event is over; the shrunken or rejuvenated polyp recovers its size and builds up a new skeleton. Eventually, it begins to reproduce itself through budding and
45、 begins to cover the dead colony surfaces.”（一旦压力事件结束，萎缩的或恢复活力的珊瑚虫恢复其大小并会建立一个新的骨骼。最终，它开始通过发芽繁殖，并开始覆盖死去的表面）可知，当有压力事件发生时，珊瑚虫会从珊瑚上撤退。故划线单词意思为“撤退”，故选A。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或thats to say，such as等。 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but
46、,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。如第四小题，根据后句“Once the stress
47、ful event is over; the shrunken or rejuvenated polyp recovers its size and builds up a new skeleton. Eventually, it begins to reproduce itself through budding and begins to cover the dead colony surfaces.”（一旦压力事件结束，萎缩的或恢复活力的 polyp恢复其大小并会建立一个新的骨骼。最终，它开始通过发芽繁殖，并开始覆盖死去的表面）可知，当有压力事件发生时， polyp会从珊瑚上撤退。故划线
48、单词意思为“撤退”，故选A。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyone has goals，whether small or big._11_.The act of writing down your goals plays an important part in closing it. Heres how to write down your goals effectively and accomplish them.1.Define(明确) your goals_12_. But ther
49、e are a few people who shape their lives according to their goals.Which category are you in now? Which category do you want to be in? The chances are youre in the first group. But the good news is that if youre reading this article, youre probably trying to make it to the second category.Take some t
50、ime to sit down and reflect.2.Look at the detailsNow is when you start to shorten the distance between where you are now and your dreams._13_. If you want to land your dream job, think about your qualifications. Do you need to take some courses in order to be a candidate for the job you want？If you
51、already qualify，start applying for it.3._14_When setting goals，try to put things in a good way.The goal setting that lacks enthusiasm and hope is like scolding yourself for not doing better.Putting a positive spin on the language you use can make you feel excited about dealing with your goals.Such a
52、ttitude will make you determined to reach your future accomplishments.Whatever your goals are，the act of writing them down can have a significant influence on their outcome._15_.A. Do use positive languageB. Never say “no” to your goalsC. Fetch a pen and get started nowD. Most people are guided by t
53、heir circumstancesE. Writing down your goals is vital to achieve themF. Map out every step that you need to take to attain the goalsG. But theres a huge distance between having goals and achieving them【答案】11. G 12. D 13. F 14. A 15. C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了如何有效写下目标并且实现目标的方法。【11题详解】根据空格前“Everyone has goal
54、s，whether small or big.”每个人都有目标，无论目标大小，G项的but表示转折，仅仅有目标是不够的，有目标和实现目标之间有很大距离，同时引出了下文介绍的有效写下目标并且实现目标的方法，故选G。【12题详解】根据空格后“But there are a few people who shape their lives according to their goals.”但是有一些人根据目标形成自己的生活。可以得知前面对比另一些人的情况。D项中的most people 和a few people 形成对比。故选D（大多数人受环境的影响）。【13题详解】根据空格前“Now is w
55、hen you start to shorten the distance between where you are now and your dreams.”现在是你开始缩短现状和梦想距离的时候。下面建议，绘制出获得目标所需要的每一步。故选F。【14题详解】本空位于小标题位置，根据下文When setting goals，try to put things in a good way.以及Putting a positive spin on the language you use can make you feel excited about dealing with your goal
56、s.，得知，设定目标时，尽量用好的方式来书写事物，语言中多用积极的词汇。所以建议我们使用积极的语言。故选A。【15题详解】根据空格前“Whatever your goals are，the act of writing them down can have a significant influence on their outcome.”得知，无论你有什么目标，写下它们的行动就可以对结果有很大影响。the act of writing them down和Fetch a pen 是对“写下目标”的相近表达，建议我们拿起笔现在就开始。故选C。【点睛】第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一
57、节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It was sleeting (雨雪交加). My wife and I were going to dinner at a friends house. As we hurried toward the house, with its _16_ light, I noticed a car pulling out from the curb. Just ahead, another car was waiting to_17_ into the parkin
58、g space. But before he could do so another car came up from behind, and sneaked into the_18_.“Thats a(n) _19_ trick.” I thought. While my wife went ahead into our friends house, I stepped into the street to give the _20_ driver a piece of my mind. A man in work clothes _21_ the window.“Hey,” I said,
59、 “this parking space belongs to that guy.” I _22_ toward the man ahead, feeling pretty manly in my new coat.“Must you get _23_?” the driver yelled, “None of your business!”.“No,” I said. “You dont understand. That fellow was waiting for this space.” Things quickly became _24_, until finally he leape
60、d out of the car. The huge man _25_ me and bent me back over the hood of his car. I was _26_. I scrambled (跌跌撞撞) to my friends front door. Seeing that I was _27_, my wife and friends asked me what had happened. All I could say was that I had had a(n) _28_ about a parking space. They had the _29_ to
61、let it go at that.Perhaps half an hour later the doorbell rang. I was sure the guy had returned for me. My hostess got up to answer it, but I stopped her. I was morally _30_ to answer it myself.I walked down the halfway with_31_. Yet I knew I had to face up to my fear. I opened the door. There he st
62、ood, _32_. “I came back to apologize,” he said in a low voice. “The Brooklyn Navy Yard is closing. Ive worked there for years. And today I got _33_. I hope youll accept my apology.”I often remember that big man I think of the _34_ and courage it took for him to come back. He was man at his_35_.16. A
63、. invitingB. welcomingC. warningD. flashing17. A. advanceB. backC. slideD. break18. A. garageB. courtyardC. destinationD. spot19. A. absurdB. logicalC. dirtyD. invisible20. A. fierceB. guiltyC. cruelD. dangerous21. A. opened upB. wound upC. rolled downD. took down22. A. gesturedB. signedC. hurriedD.
64、 moved23. A. involvedB. interruptedC. infectedD. interacted24. A. sharpB. stableC. tenseD. acute25. A. seizedB. crushedC. scratchedD. hugged26. A. disappointedB. astonishedC. depressedD. terrified27. A. strickenB. fallenC. drunkenD. shaken28. A. negotiationB. bargainC. assessmentD. argument29. A. cr
65、eativityB. sensitivityC. securityD. sincerity30. A. boundB. reluctantC. inducedD. reminded31. A. courageB. patienceC. scareD. curiosity32. A. tremblingB. toweringC. leaningD. wandering33. A. laid offB. settled downC. entered forD. dealt with34. A. honestyB. confidenceC. effortD. energy35. A. costB.
66、riskC. bestD. leisure【答案】16. B 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个风雪交加的晚上，我与一个抢占停车位的大块头理论，他动手打了我，后来又回来向我道歉，原来他刚刚失业，在这种情况下他还能回来道歉，我认为他是一个顶呱呱的男子汉。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. inviting邀请；B. welcoming欢迎；C. warning温暖；D.
67、 flashing闪光。上文说这是一个风雪交加的晚上，在闪光灯下，我注意到一辆车从路边驶出，故D项正确。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. advance前进；B. back 回；C. slide滑；D. break折。根据语境可知，一辆车等着回停车位，故B项正确。【18题详解】名词词义辨析。A. garage车库；B. courtyard庭院；C. destination目的地；D. spot地点。上文parking space是停车位，此处指后方来车先溜进了停车位，用spot指上文提到的parking space。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. absurd荒谬的； B. log
68、ical逻辑的；C. dirty肮脏的、卑鄙的； D. invisible无形的。前车等着进停车位，而后车却偷偷溜了进去，这是卑鄙的做法，故C项正确。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. fierce凶猛的； B. guilty罪恶的、内疚的； C. cruel残忍的；D. dangerous危险的。根据上文情节可知，那位司机的行为是罪恶的，我上前告诉他我的一点想法，故B项正确。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. opened up打开； B. wound up上足发条；C. rolled down摇下；D. took down记下。司机坐在车里，我在车外和他说话，他自然要摇下车窗，故C项
69、正确。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. gestured打手势示意；B. signed做标记；C. hurried赶忙；D. moved移动。根据本空前的“this parking space belongs to that guy.”可知，我打手势示意这个车位是前面那个人的，故A项正确。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. involved涉及、卷入；B. interrupted打断；C. infected感染；D. interacted互动。根据本空后的“None of your business!”可知，那个司机大喊道：“你偏要掺和进来么？关你什么事！”故A项正确。【24题详解】考查
70、形容词词义辨析。A. sharp锋利的；B. stable稳固的；C. tense紧张的；D. acute敏锐的。根据下文大块头把我按在汽车引擎盖上可知事情开始变得紧张起来，故C项正确。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. seized抓住；B. crushed压碎；C. scratched划损；D. hugged 拥抱。根据本空后的“me and bent me back over the hood of his car.”可知，他抓住我并把我按在汽车引擎盖上，故A项正确。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. disappointed失望的；B. astonished惊讶的；C. depr
71、essed沮丧的；D. terrified害怕的。根据下一句我跌跌撞撞地走可知，我是感到非常害怕的，故D项正确。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. stricken受挫折的； B. fallen坠落的； C. drunken喝醉的；D. shaken摇晃的。上文说我跌跌撞撞地走到朋友家，所以他们看到的是我摇摇晃晃的样子，故D项正确。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. negotiation谈判； B. bargain交易；C. assessment评估；D. argument争吵。根据上文内容可知，我说我和别人关于停车位吵了一架，故D项正确。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. crea
72、tivity创造性； B. sensitivity敏感；C. security安全性；D. sincerity诚挚。根据文章情境可知，大家对我说的话都很敏感，看到我这个样子他们都很担心，故B项正确。【30题详解】考查固定搭配。根据本空前的“I was sure the guy had returned for me. My hostess got up to answer it, but I stopped her.”可知，我觉得一定是那个家伙回来找我了，所以我没有让妻子去应门，我觉得一定要自己去解决此事，be bound to一定会、必然,故A项正确。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. c
73、ourage勇气；B. patience耐心；C. scare惊恐；D. curiosity好奇。根据本空后的“I knew I had to face up to my fear.”可知，我知道必须要面对恐惧，这说明我是惊恐地过去的，故C项正确。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. trembling发抖的；B. towering高大的；C. leaning 倾斜的；D. wandering流浪的。根据上文中的“The huge man”可知，他是一个大块头，所以站在那里显得很高大，故B项正确。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. laid off解雇、下岗；B. settled down
74、定居；C. entered for参加；D. dealt with处理。根据本空前的“The Brooklyn Navy Yard is closing. Ive worked there for years.”可知，大块头工作的布鲁克林海军造船厂即将关闭，所以他下岗了，故A项正确。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. honesty诚实；B. confidence自信；C. effort努力； D. energy精力。根据本空后的“and courage it took for him to come back.”可知，大块头回头向我道歉是需要努力和勇气的，故C项正确。【35题详解】考查固定
75、搭配。上文说失业的大块头回来向我道歉是需要很大的努力和勇气的，我认为他是一个顶呱呱的男子汉，He was man at his best表示“他是个顶呱呱的男子汉”，故C项正确。第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Francie Nolan is an 11-year-old girl_36_(live) in the slums（贫民窟）of Brooklyn, New York. Her family_37_(be) so pool that she and her brother have to col
76、lect junk to exchange for money. But Nolan is humble and works hard_38_(change) her life. She helps her mother do housework and spends every afternoon_39_(read) at the library. However, because of_40_ (poor), Nolan has to leave high school and find a job, _41_life is full of ups and downs.This is_42
77、_story of the novel A Tree Grows in Brooklyn by US author Betty Smith. First_43_(publish) in 1943, the novel covers five different periods in Nolans life. Millions of readers_44_(inspire) by Nolans bittersweet story ever since. It was named_45_one of the best books of the 20th century by the New Yor
78、k Public Library.【答案】36. living 37. is 38. to change 39. reading 40. poverty/ poorness 41. whose 42. the 43. published 44. have been inspired 45. as【解析】本文为记叙文。主要叙述了美国作家贝蒂史密斯的小说布鲁克林的一棵树的故事。11岁的女孩弗朗西诺兰一家住在纽约布鲁克林的贫民窟。因为太穷了，她和她哥哥不得不捡垃圾来换钱。为了生活，不得不在高中辍学而工作。诺兰的故事的鼓舞了数成千上万的读者。这本书被纽约公共图书馆命名为20世纪最好的书之一。【36题详
79、解】考查非谓语作定语。句意：弗朗西诺兰是一个11岁的女孩，住在纽约布鲁克林的贫民窟。分析句子可知，本句中主语是Francie Nolan ，is是系动词，表语是an 11-year-old girl，其中的表语后面有一个后置定语，girl与动词live二者是主动关系，表示动词现在正在进行，故要用动词的ing形式作定语，故填 living。【37题详解】考查系表结构。句意：她的家庭太穷了，她和她哥哥不得不捡垃圾来换点零花钱。分析句子可知，主句缺少谓语。由此可知，要用系表结构。主语是单数，故填is。【38题详解】考查目的状语。句意：但诺兰很谦虚，努力学习来改变她的生活。分析句子可知，本空在句中作目
80、的状语，表目的一般用动词不定式，故填to change。【39题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：她帮助母亲做家务，每天下午都在图书馆读书。“spend time (in) doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“花时间做某事”，因此填reading。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，由于贫困，诺兰不得不离开高中去找工作。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作介词of的宾语，所以此空要用名词，根据语境可填poverty/ poorness。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：诺兰不得不离开高中，找一份工作，她的生活充满了起伏。分析句子可知，本句中的定语从句，修饰主语Nolan。根据语境可知，是诺兰的生活，人的/
81、物的，在定语从句中要关系词whose。故填whose。【42题详解】考查定冠词。句意：这是美国作家贝蒂史密斯的小说布鲁克林的一棵树的故事。分析语境可知，本句是特指，故用定冠词the。【43题详解】考查非谓语作状语。句意：这部小说于1943年首次出版，涵盖了诺兰生活中的五个不同时期。分析句子可知，本句的主语是the novel，与动词publish二者是被动关系，也是publish这个动作已完成了，因此要用过去分词，故填 published。【44题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：数以百万计的读者受到诺兰苦乐参半的故事的鼓舞。分析句子可知，本句的主语Millions of readers 与动词ins
82、pire 二者是被动关系，即读者被激励。根据时间状语“ever since”可知，要用现在完成时，故填have been inspired。【45题详解】考查语境。句意：它被纽约公共图书馆评为20世纪最好的书籍之一。分析语境可知，此处是指这本书。“nameas”译为“提名为”，故填as。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)46. 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Bob来信询问十二生肖的有关知识。请你写一封回信，介绍这一中国传统文化，并邀请他春节期间来中国旅行。要点如下：1.介绍十二生肖的有关知识；2.邀请Bob来中国旅行。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，
83、以使行文连贯。参考词汇：十二生肖Chinese Zodiac；属相zodiac sign【答案】Dear Bob，Im glad you asked me about the Chinese Zodiac. The Chinese Zodiac is called a zodiac sign made up of 12 animals，and has a different animal yearly. In China，many people believe that their personality is related to their zodiac sign. For example
84、，monkeys are smart，and sheep are gentle.I know you are interested in Chinese traditional culture. I would like to invite you to visit China during the Spring Festival to experience the colorful traditional Chinese culture. I would be grateful if you could accept my invitation.Looking forward to your
85、 early reply.Yours，Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封信给对中国十二生肖有关知识感兴趣的美国笔友Bob，向他介绍这一中国传统文化，并邀请他春节期间来中国旅行。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 介绍十二生肖的有关知识；2. 邀请Bob来中国旅行。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）(be) made up of；be related to；be interested in；invite sb. to do sth.；look
86、forward to第三步：连词成句1. The Chinese Zodiac is called a zodiac sign made up of 12 animals，2. many people believe that their personality is related to their zodiac sign.3. I know you are interested in Chinese traditional culture.4. I would like to invite you to visit China during the Spring Festival to e
87、xperience the colorful traditional Chinese culture.5. Looking forward to your early reply.(根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。）第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last, Last but not least2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermo
88、re, In addition, As well as, not onlybut (also), including, also3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause (从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 5表换一种方式表达：In other words, t
89、hat is to say6.表进行举例说明：For example; For instance; such as + n/doing 7.表陈述事实：In fact, frankly speaking8.表选择：eitheror，or连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，结构严谨，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如many people believe that their personality is related to their zodiac
90、sign这句话中用了that引导的宾语从句；使用了非常好的短语，如(be) made up of，be interested in，invite sb. to do sth.等，为文章增色不少。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。第二节 概要写作(满分25分)47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。For many years the school system in Finland has been very successful. In the PISA survey, which com
91、pares reading, math and science knowledge of 15-year-olds around the world, Finland is not only the top European country but also competes with Asian giants like Shanghai, Singapore and South Korea. But what makes the educational system in this small country so different from others in the western c
92、ountries?Until the 1960s, most Finlands most students left school after six years. In the middle of the 1960s, the Finnish government saw the need to change and modernize their education system if they want to be internationally competitive. Lawmakers made a simple decision: a basic school for all t
93、he 7- to 16-year-olds. Compulsory (义务的) education begins at 7. The government makes it possible for all children to attend preschool as well.Most of Finlands schools get their money from the government. The people who are in charge of the education system, from teachers to officials are trained teac
94、hers, not politicians like in other countries.Teachers work with their pupils in school as much as possible. When teachers are not with the pupils they spend a lot of time in schools working on the curriculum (课程) and new projects. Schools in Finland are small, at least for international standards.
95、So teachers know every pupil in their school and try everything to succeed with their pupils. In contrast to other nations, Finland selects its teachers very carefully: only talented teachers go on to a university and receive a masters degree in education. Finland only takes the best to educate its
96、youth.All Finnish children, whether they come from the city or the country, whether from a rich or poor family, have the same chances in education. There are not so many differences between the wealthy and the poor, as in America or other Western European countries. Education experts say that there
97、is very little difference between very good and the worst students. Two thirds of Finnish pupils move on to higher education, the highest rate in the European Union._【答案】Why has the Finnish educational system been more successful than those of other Western countries? (要点1) The success is mainly due
98、 to its compulsory education for both school and preschool children. (要点2) Additionally, the government finances the schools, and professionals manager the system. (要点3) Teachers, carefully chosen and well educated, also devote themselves to education. (要点4) Another reason is that children share equ
99、al opportunities and similar results for education. (要点5)【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。多年来，芬兰的教育体制非常成功。PISA对全球15岁青少年的阅读、数学和科学知识进行了比较。在这项调查中，芬兰不仅是欧洲排名第一的国家，还与上海、新加坡和韩国等亚洲巨人展开了竞争。但是，是什么使这个小国的教育制度与其他西方国家如此不同呢?【详解】本文是一篇概要写作。根据文章内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。注意完成任务时，语言使用应简练、准确、到位，内容要概括齐全，要点突出。本文应主要使用一般现在时态。写作过程中注意使用平时学到的短语和句型，注意行文
100、的连贯和逻辑性。【点睛】本文是任务型写作。内容齐全，要点突出，文章布局合理。同时文中使用高级句子。Why has the Finnish educational system been more successful than those of other Western countries?句中使用比较级；Teachers, carefully chosen and well educated, also devote themselves to education.过去分词作后置定语；Another reason is that children share equal opportunities and similar results for education.句中that引导表语从句。
