1、单元素养评价(五)Unit 5(120分钟150分)第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text 1W: Its very nice of you to invite me. M: Im very glad you could come. Please take a seat at the table. Would you like to have some chick
2、en? 1. What are the speakers probably doing? A. Having a dinner. B. Buying food. C. Enjoying a party. 答案: AText 2W: Can I go out with friends, Dad? M: Yes, Carol, but you cant go out in those clothes. Its freezing today. W: Okay, Dad. Ill wear something warmer. 2. What does Carols father ask her to
3、do? A. Talk with her friends. B. Go out with him. C. Put on warm clothes. 答案: CText 3M: Would you like to see those trousers in brown and navy blue? These two colors are coming in this season. W: Oh, actually gray is my favorite color, and I prefer something made from cotton. 3. What color trousers
4、does the woman prefer? A. Brown. B. Blue. C. Gray. 答案: CText 4W: How much is your cellphone bill each month? M: Its different every month. Depending on how long I spend online and what kinds of things I use my phone to do on the Internet, it ranges between 60 and 80 dollars a month. 4. What are the
5、speakers mainly talking about? A. Cellphone bills. B. Online shopping. C. Apartment rents. 答案: AText 5W: Hello, this is Mary from Dr. Lewiss office. We just wanted to remind you of your appointment on Friday. M: Thank you. I almost forgot. W: So, well see you on Friday. 5. Why does Mary call the man
6、? A. To cancel an appointment. B. To confirm an appointment. C. To reschedule an appointment. 答案: B第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。Text 6M: What did you do last night? W: I d
7、id some housework, but I watched a bit of TV, too. M: I watched a great football game. Did you watch it? W: No, I dont like football. M: Then what did you see? W: I saw the end of a film. It was quite good, actually. Its a pity that I missed the beginning. But I know the story was written by Shakesp
8、eare. It was about a boy and a girl who fell in love with each other, but their families were fighting against each other. M: You mean Romeo and Juliet? W: Yes, thats right. 6. What did the man do last night? A. He worked all night. B. He watched a football game. C. He read a story by Shakespeare. 答
9、案: B7. Which part of the film did the woman see? A. The beginning. B. The whole film. C. The end. 答案: C听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。Text 7W: Dad, where are we going? M: First, we will go to the city center and stop for something to drink. Then we will visit the University Museum. W: Where are we going to have a
10、drink? M: There is a coffee shop round the corner. Can you see that big building at the end of the road? W: Yeah. I can see it. M: That is a bank. The coffee shop is opposite the bank. W: Good. I will have hot chocolate. M: Samantha, stop! Wait for the lights to turn green. When crossing the road yo
11、u must always pay attention to whats around you. W: Sorry. How far is the museum? M: Only three stops away. We can walk there. 8. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Father and daughter. C. Teacher and student. 答案: B9. What advice does the man give to the woman? A.
12、 Eating less chocolate. B. Keeping the table clean. C. Watching out for the traffic. 答案: C听第8段材料, 回答第1012题。Text 8W: Ive sent out the invitations for the dinner party. M: Thats good. Now what should we do? W: We need to plan the menu. M: Oh, thats right. What do you have in mind? W: I think Im going
13、to make the chicken salad we had at our 39th wedding anniversary.Remember, I asked Thomson, the chef of the restaurant where we often go, for the recipe? M: Oh, yes. I remember. How time flies! Now we are celebrating our golden anniversary! And Thomson was very friendly. You know, chefs seldom tell
14、people their recipes. They often keep them a secret. W: I understand that. So you see, I have promised I will also keep the recipe a secret. M: Well, Thomson will appreciate that.Oh, but did you forget that Linda doesnt eat chicken? W: Linda? Oh, my Gosh! I forgot to invite her! Shell be mad at me.
15、It just slipped my mind. Thanks for reminding me! I think Im getting old! M: Looks like you are! 10. Who is Thomson? A. A cook. B. Lindas husband. C. The mans cousin. 答案: A11. How many years have the speakers got married? A. 40. B. 50. C. 60. 答案: B12. What do we know about Linda? A. She wont be invi
16、ted to the party. B. She is a good cook. C. She doesnt eat chicken. 答案: C听第9段材料, 回答第1316题。Text 9M: Customer Service, Anthony Grant speaking. How may I help you? W: I cant believe this is happening.I called and ordered a 32-inch bag last Friday. Today I received the goods.But what annoyed me is that
17、you sent a 24-inch one. I was planning to use that bag during the vacation in Mexico, but it does not seem possible any morebecause we will take off on Saturday. Its only two days away. What am I supposed to do? M: Im really sorry, madam, Ill check right away. Would you please tell me your order num
18、ber? W: Its CE2938. M: Just a minute. . . I do apologize, madam, there did seem to be a mistake. Ill have the correct size bag sent to you by overnight mail right away. It will arrive in time for your Saturday trip. Again, I apologize for any inconvenience caused by our mistake. I promise it wont ha
19、ppen again. W: OK, well, thank you. M:Thank you, madam, for choosing Linch Mail. I hope you have a wonderful vacation. 13. How does the woman feel at the beginning of the conversation? A. Surprised. B. Angry. C. Sad. 答案: B14. What size bag does the woman want? A. A 24-inch bag. B. A 29-inch bag. C.
20、A 32-inch bag. 答案: C15. When will the woman leave for Mexico? A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday. 答案: C16. Where does the man work? A. At a customer service department. B. At an international travel service. C. At the airport information desk. 答案: A听第10段材料, 回答第1720题。Text 10M: Hi, everyone.
21、I hope Ron covered everything at the meeting at lunchtime. Just in case youre not sure, Ill give you details about the trip today and about what youll be doing tomorrow.Depending on traffic, this journey should take about 6 hours, so well be in Newcastle at 8 oclock this evening. Therell be dinner a
22、s soon as we get there.The camp manager normally makes us excellent food. There are two people living in a tent, and please make sure you get the right one! Erm,the camp manager has got a list of which tent you will be in, so dont worry. Tomorrow you have to be up and out at 7: 30 for breakfast.Youl
23、l start to prepare for the music festival at 10: 00 am. Well need at least 3 hours work to get things ready. The festival opens at one in the afternoon,and youll get a chance to go and see some of the bands playplease let me know when you want your 2 hours off. Anyway, I hope we can have a good trip
24、, and Im sure the festival is going to be wonderful. 17. When does the speaker give this talk? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 答案: B18. What is the camp manager expected to do? A. Prepare dinner and sleeping places. B. Give details about the camping trip. C. Organize the m
25、usic festival. 答案: A19. What will the campers do at 10: 00 am tomorrow? A. Enjoy music. B. Play in a band. C. Prepare for a festival. 答案: C20. How long can the campers see the bands play? A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours. 答案: B第二部分阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A
26、、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2021桂林高二检测)GypsiesAccording to the linguistic and genetic researches, ancestors of the Gypsies left the land of India in the amount that did not go beyond 1, 000 people. Today there are about 10 million Gypsies in the world. Some scientists believe that Gypsies were Egyptians. S
27、umeriansSumerians must be the mysterious people in the ancient world. We know nothing about their origin and nothing about the origin of their language. The Sumerians were rather advancedthey became the first in the Near East to use a wheel, to create an irrigation system and their unique writing. A
28、nd besides, they were impressively good at maths and astronomy. MayaSome scientists believe that they are connected to legendary atlantes (男象柱), others suppose their ancestors were Egyptians. Its thought that the Maya created an efficient agricultural system and had deep astronomy knowledge. Their c
29、alendar was used by other people of Central America. Maya applied the hieroglyphic writing (象形文字) system. Now it seems that the Maya came from nowhere and disappeared nowhere. 【文章大意】本文介绍了三种古人类, 苏美尔人、吉普赛人和玛雅人。21. Whose ancestors do some scientists believe were Egyptians? A. Gypsies and Maya. B. Maya
30、and Sumerians. C. Gypsies and Sumerians. D. Europeans and Sumerians. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由Some scientists believe that Gypsies were Egyptians. 和others suppose their ancestors were Egyptians. 可知一些科学家认为吉普赛人和玛雅人的祖先是埃及人。故选A。22. The Maya are thought to _. A. exist on the earth nowB. have 10 million peopleC. hav
31、e no writing systemD. be creative in some fields【解析】选D。推理判断题。由Its thought that the Maya created an efficient agricultural system and had deep astronomy knowledge. Their calendar was used by other people of Central America. Maya applied the hieroglyphic writing system. 可推断出玛雅人在很多领域, 都具有创造性。故选D。23. Wh
32、at can we learn from the text? A. The origin of the Maya has been discovered by scientists. B. The ancestors of the Gypsies left the land of India in the middle ages. C. The Europeans were thought to be the most mysterious people in the ancient world. D. The Sumerians were the first to use a wheel i
33、n the irrigation system in the Near East. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由they became the first in the Near East to use a wheel, to create an irrigation system and their unique writing. 可知在近东, 苏美尔人首次在灌溉系统中使用车轮。故选D。B(2021南昌高二检测)It seems we cant get off the planet fast enough. Two thirds of NASAs money is spent on mann
34、ed space exploration, and that number will grow with the USAs decision to send a man to Mars in 2037. Weve seen all there is to see on Earth, right? Wrong. The final place is here, under the surface of the sea. Heading down into the ocean, human limits are quickly reached. At 200 metres, the water i
35、s as black as a moonless night. Most nuclear submarines (核潜艇) would implode (内爆) before they reach 1 km down. At 3 km still less than the average depth of the ocean theres a good chance that youll discover a new species. The deepest-diving whales go no further. At the very bottom, about 11 km down,
36、lies the Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. Eighteen humans have walked on the Moon, but only three have seen the Deep with their own eyes. Yet things live down there. Big things. A very loud sound was once heard and scientists suggested that it was produce
37、d by an animal bigger than a blue whale, the largest creature known on the planet. In the late 1990s, a deep-water submarine was dropped in the Southern Ocean, and passing 4, 000 metres, it discovered something huge passing under it. Surprised? Dont be. The ocean covers 70% of the planets surface an
38、d weve studied less than 5% of it. We know more about the dark side of the Moon than about the bottom of the sea. One reason that we explore space is to find evidence of other life forms. The search for life outside of Earth is important, but robots can look under the dry rocks of Mars better than h
39、umans. Theyre absolutely important for doing ocean research too, but they cant look under the sea. The cost of exploration is rising, but the results would benefit all our lives. Understanding the oceans will help us find new sources of food, drugs and energy. Perhaps now its time to begin a new per
40、iod of sea exploration. Manned exploration of space is science fiction (科幻小说). The adventure of the deep sea is science fact. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。通过对the Mariana Trench和Southern Ocean海底勘探的描述, 作者讲述了人类对深海的探索, 比起对太空的探索, 或许深海探索更具现实意义。24. What do the examples in Paragraph 2 suggest? A. Sea exploration is no eas
41、y task. B. Nuclear submarines need to be improved. C. The ocean is far deeper than people expected. D. The condition under the sea is similar to that on the Moon. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段Eighteen humans have walked on the Moon, but only three have seen the Deep with their own eyes. 可知, 已经有18个人在月球行走过, 但是目睹M
42、ariana Trench深度的却只有3个人。可见比起探索太空, 人类对于深海的探索更艰难。故选A。25. What do we know about the Challenger Deep? A. Blue whales live there. B. No one has ever been there. C. People are terrified by the sight of it. D. It is the deepest known location on Earth. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第二段At the very bottom, about 11 km down,
43、lies the Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. 可知, the Challenger Deep位于海底大概11千米的位置, 是the Mariana Trench最深的部分。与 D项相符。故选D。26. What does the author think of the discovery in the Southern Ocean? A. Its surprising. B. Its no wonder. C. Its worrying. D. Its no succ
44、ess. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第四段可知, 对于Southern Ocean的发现, 作者并不感到惊讶, 地球表面70%被海水覆盖, 人类对于它的研究还不到5%。对月球阴暗面的了解都比海底多。故选B。27. What does the author want to tell us? A. Space exploration is of little value. B. We spend too much money on space travel. C. Humans success lies in how much they explore the sea. D. The ocean
45、 is the place where we should make our efforts. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。由倒数第二段可知, 对于太空的探索是很重要, 可机器人会比人类做得更好。但对于探索海底, 机器人做不到。虽然勘探费用高一些, 但可以帮人类找到更多食物, 药品和能量来源, 对人类的实际意义更大。故选D。C(2021黄冈高二检测)Unlike modern animal scientists, dinosaur scientists cannot sit on a hillside and use telescopes to watch dinosaurs in order
46、to know how they lived and whether they were good parents. Instead, they have to search hard for information from dinosaurs fossils (恐龙化石) because dinosaurs died out millions of years ago. Its very difficult for the scientists to reach an agreement because different results can be got from the same
47、fossils. Many fossils of the same kind of dinosaurs have been dug out from one place. They might have formed when an entire group of dinosaurs got stuck (陷入) all at once, or they might have been the result of dinosaurs getting stuck one after another over a course of a few centuries. Thus we can say
48、 that dinosaurs might have in the first case lived in big groups and in the second lived alone. Though there are two different results, dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups. “Thats pretty much settled at this point, ” says Paul Sereno. A k
49、ind of dinosaurs called Sauropods left behind tracks in the western United States that appear to run north and south, suggesting that they even moved long distances together. As to whether dinosaurs cared for their young, dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs-b
50、irds and crocodiles-for possible models. Birds give a lot of care to their young, while crocodiles just help their young to the water. The discovered fossils of dinosaurs sitting on their eggs and staying with their young suggest the parents were taking care of their babies, but we still cannot say
51、that all dinosaurs did the same. There is still a long way to go before the above questions could be answered. Dinosaur scientists, will have to find more proof to reach an agreement. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。研究恐龙的专家从挖掘的化石中寻找信息。目前没有一致的结论, 但可以肯定的是, 一些恐龙过着群居生活。一些恐龙会照顾幼龙。28. Dinosaur scientists can get informatio
52、n directly by _. A. studying dinosaur fossilsB. examining modern animalsC. watching dinosaursD. using telescopes【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段“dinosaur scientists cannot sit on a hillside and use telescopes to watch dinosaurs. . . they have to search hard for information from dinosaurs fossils”可知, 研究恐龙的专家不能使用望远
53、镜实地观察恐龙, 他们只能努力从恐龙化石中寻找信息。故选A。29. What is pretty much settled according to Paul Sereno? A. Half of the dinosaurs lived alone. B. Most dinosaurs moved long distances. C. Many dinosaurs settled in the north. D. Some dinosaurs lived in big groups. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段“dinosaur scientists now generally ag
54、ree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups. Thats pretty much settled at this point, says Paul Sereno. ”可知, 可以大致确定的是, 一些种类的恐龙过着群居生活。故选D。30. Dinosaur scientists can probably know whether dinosaurs were good parents by _. A. watching many kinds of animalsB. studying dinosaurs living
55、 relativesC. following the tracks left behindD. working on dug-out dinosaur eggs【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段“dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs-birds and crocodiles-for possible models”可知, 科学家转向与恐龙有着近亲关系的鸟类和鳄鱼以查证恐龙是否是合格的父母。故选B。31. Which of the following is TRUE accord
56、ing to the 4th paragraph? A. Birds hardly pay attention to their young. B. Baby crocodiles can look after themselves well. C. Some dinosaurs took care of their young. D. Birds and crocodiles take good care of their young. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据“Birds give a lot of care to their young”排除A; 根据“while crocodil
57、es just help their young to the water”可知, 小鳄鱼无法照顾自己, 排除B; 根据“Birds give a lot of care to their young, while crocodiles just help their young to the water. ”可知, 鳄鱼不会悉心照顾幼崽, 排除D; 根据“The discovered fossils of dinosaurs sitting on their eggs and staying with their young suggest the parents were taking c
58、are of their babies, ”可知, 从已发现的化石中能够看出, 恐龙照顾幼龙, 但不能一概而论地说, 所有的恐龙都照顾幼龙。故选C。D(2021昆明高二检测)The market investigation is indispensable to sales promotion. They are closely related as the lips and teeth, so to speak. What you produce is for sale on the market. It would be impossible to succeed in selling a
59、 product without first investigating the market. In the international market, goods on sale are coming from different countries and suppliers are always facing keen competition. Under such circumstances, they will try everything possible to familiarize themselves with the market conditions. In makin
60、g investigations, we ought to get information about what similar items the competitors are offering on the market, what prices they are quoting (报价), what features their products have, who are their regular customers, etc. Then, how can we obtain such information? There are many channels that we can
61、 make use of in doing this sort of work. The commercial counselors offices of our embassies stationed abroad can help us in making market investigations. Nowadays, our import and export corporations send their trade groups abroad every now and then. One of their purposes is to make market surveys on
62、 the spot. Certainly, face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen are also important channels to get market information. The Chinese Export Commodities Fairs, and some other fairs of similar nature as well as visits of foreign businessmen provide us with such opportunities. Of course, there are some
63、 other ways of making market investigations. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了市场调查对销售是必不可少的, 告诉我们如何获取市场信息进行市场调查。32. In making market investigations, one should _. A. get enough information concernedB. advertise his productsC. produce high quality goodsD. visit the competitors【解析】选A。推理判断题。由第二段可知, 在调查时, 我们应该了解竞争对手在
64、市场上提供的类似产品, 他们的报价(分析), 他们的产品有什么特点, 谁是他们的老客户等等; 可推理出做市场调查时要得到足够的相关信息。故选A。33. The underlined word “indispensable” in the first paragraph means _. A. successfulB. necessaryC. advisableD. available【解析】选B。词义猜测题。由第一段的“The market investigation is indispensable to sales promotion. They are closely related a
65、s the lips and teeth, so to speak. ”(市场调查对销售是必不可少的, 可以说, 它们就像嘴唇和牙齿一样是密切相关的)可知, 市场调查和销售密切相关, 所以此处的indispensable在句中意为“必要的”, 说明市场调查对销售很必要。故选B。34. Which of the following is NOT the reason why making market investigations is important? A. Every producer is faced with fierce competition. B. The market inv
66、estigation plays a big role in promoting sales. C. Goods on sale are numerous because of globalization. D. The investigation offers many job opportunities. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第二段在国际市场上, 在售商品来自不同的国家, 供应商也面临着激烈的竞争可知, 因为全球化, 在售商品很多, 而且每个生产者都面对激烈的竞争, 排除AC两项; 由第一段中的“It would be impossible to succeed in sellin
67、g a product without first investigating the market. ”(如果不首先调查市场, 就不可能成功地销售产品)可知, 调查市场对销售产品很重要, 排除B项; D项“市场调查提供很多工作机会”, 文中未提, 无中生有。故选D。35. All the following are channels to get market information except _. A. to contact the commercial counselors offices of our embassies stationed abroadB. to improve
68、the quality of the products and achieve high production efficiencyC. to send trade groups abroad every now and thenD. to have face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen【解析】选B。细节理解题。由倒数第二段驻外使馆商务参赞处可以帮助我们进行市场调查; 现在, 我们的进出口公司时不时地把他们的贸易集团派往国外可知, 通过联系驻外使馆商务参赞处和时不时地派贸易集团出国是获取市场信息的途径, 排除A、C两项; 由最后一段当然, 与外
69、商面对面洽谈也是获取市场信息的重要渠道可知, 排除D项; B项“提高产品质量, 提高生产效率”文中未提及, 无中生有。故选B。第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021威海高二检测)Traditional Chinese CultureChinese culture is over 5, 000 years old. 36. The spirit of the tea ceremonyXi Hu Long Jing (West Lake Dragon Well) and Yunna
70、n Puer have long been world famous. 37. The spirit of the Chinese tea ceremony captures the Chinese attitude towards life and spirituality. These are the things that people all over the world can benefit from. A handful of good tea leaves with some boiling water and a set of lovely tea ware are the
71、perfect way to spend a sunny afternoon and gain some insight into the wisdom of this ancient civilization. 38During the 5, 000 years of Chinese civilization, many different flavors, styles, and cuisines (烹饪)have developed based on traditional philosophy and culture. This ancient food culture has had
72、 a direct impact on the countries, such as Japan, Mongolia, South Korea, Thailand, and Singapore. It has benefited billions of people around the world through such innovations as Chinese vegetarian culture, tea culture, vinegar, pasta medicated diets, ceramic tableware, and the use of soybeans in th
73、e diet. Chinese ConfucianismConfucianism has flourished during the last 2, 500 of Chinas 5, 000-year history. 39. This school of thought has had the most profound and long lasting influence in Chinas history. Seventy-four Nobel Prize winners and many other highly respected scholars have stated that
74、for the benefit of mankinds livelihood and development into the next century, these teachings should be promoted and adopted worldwide 40. A. Chinese cuisineB. Traditional Chinese cultureC. It has been the mainstay (支柱of this ancient civilizationD. They are pretty popular due to their superior color
75、 and flavorE. The following three items of traditional Chinese culture have had a worldwide impactF. This wonderfully rich food culture has also had an impact on Europe, America and OceaniaG. This would provide long lasting benefits for man, helping to ensure a peaceful and happy life【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文
76、章介绍了三项在世界范围内产生了重要影响的中国传统文化。36. 【解析】选E。前面叙述到“中国传统文化有5 000多年的历史”, 后文具体讲述了三个方面, E项“以下三项中国传统文化在世界范围内产生了影响”是承上启下的作用, 切题。故选E。37. 【解析】选D。前一句提到“西湖龙井和云南普洱早就闻名世界了”, 下面要具体说明这两种茶叶因何而出名。D项“他们因为卓越的色泽和味道而格外受欢迎”切题。故选D。38. 【解析】选A。根据下文在5 000年的中华文明中, 许多不同的风味, 风格和烹饪都是基于传统的哲学和文化发展起来的。本段主要介绍了中国的烹饪。且第三题位于小标题位置, 本文小标题均用名词形
77、式。故选A。39. 【解析】选C。根据前文Confucianism has flourished during the last 2, 500 of Chinas 5, 000-year history. 儒学在5 000年的中国历史上蓬勃发展了2 500年, 足以说明“它一直是中国古代文明的支柱”。故选C。40. 【解析】选G。根据前面的内容可知, 七十四位诺贝尔奖获得者和许多其他德高望重的学者都表示为了造福人类的生存和发展, 儒家学说应该在世界范围内得到推广和采用。所以, 此处要说明其好处, 做总结。故选G。【技巧点拨】 七选五的解题技巧在于寻找上下文的提示, 包括动词、形容词、副词、代词
78、的提示以及句式一致。例如本文第40题中, 根据“the benefit of mankinds livelihood and development into the next century”可知, 此处要说的是这将为人类未来的生活和发展带来好处。例如本文第38题中, 小标题均用名词形式, 故A、B为备用选项, 此为句式一致原则。第三部分语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2021聊城高二检测)Every year the United States expor
79、ts “cultural products” to the rest of the world while it only imports similar products from other countries equal to about one percent of the amount exported. Movies, for example, are one such 41. The movie industry in countries like England and Italy is almost completely 42on American exports. Both
80、 countries report that 85% to 95% of all movie tickets sold each year are for movies produced in the United States. Millions of people worldwide buy American pop, rap, and rock music. Billions of people drink Coca-Cola and eat McDonalds hamburgers. American software43the computer market. Can all of
81、the above products be called “cultural”, however? That depends on how one 44culture. Most people 45culture into two forms: “high” culture and “low” culture. High culture is the kind produced by writers and46. It is more concerned with stimulating thought in the people who view or use it and does not
82、47care how marketable people find it. Low culture, 48 is viewed as a product usually for entertainment and is only as good as how well it sells. Because it is49by masses of people, this type of culture can also be called “mass culture”. The50between low and high culture are not very clear. Pierre Gu
83、erlain, a professor of English and American Studies in France, points out that when a cultural product is imported, the product cannot cover the existing culture, thus51it. The imported product is changed to adapt to the local context. Anyone who believes that a society which imports American produc
84、ts of mass culture will become a 52of America is being naive(幼稚的). America may seem to have the strongest hand in exporting cultural products, but there is a boomerang(相反的)53for being more of an exporter than importer. Because Europeans and Japanese import so many cultural products from the United S
85、tates, they know a lot more about American culture54than Americans know about European or Japanese culture. It is a definite advantage for the Europeans and Japanese to be bilingual as well as bicultural. These countries can use their knowledge of American society and55to increase their chances of s
86、uccess in the American market. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章通过美国文化产品的出口, 讲述了文化产品的定义, 文化产品在输入它国时要适应当地文化和文化产品输入的“回力棒”效应。41. A. aspectB. productC. exampleD. project【解析】选B。句意: 例如, 电影就是这样一种产品。 aspect方面; product产品; example例子; project项目。由上文的cultural products(文化产品)可知, 电影也是一种文化产品。故选B项。42. A. fixed B. emphasizedC. called
87、D. dependent【解析】选D。句意: 像英国和意大利的电影业几乎完全依赖美国的出口。 fixed固定的; emphasized强调; called叫; dependent依靠的。由下一句“这两个国家都报告说, 每年售出的电影票中, 85%到95%是在美国制作的电影”可知, 英意两国电影业依赖美国出口, 所以用dependent。故选D项。43. A. dominatesB. abandonsC. enters D. grasps【解析】选A。句意: 美国软件主导着计算机市场。 dominates主导; abandons抛弃; enters进入; grasps掌握。由前文可知, 世界上许
88、多人看美国电影、买美国的流行乐、吃它的可乐汉堡, 体现了美国在多方面占据主导地位, 承接前文, 此处应该是美国软件主导着计算机市场。故选A项。44. A. defines B. presents C. absorbs D. creates【解析】选A。句意: 那要依靠如何定义文化。defines定义; presents展示; absorbs吸收; creates创造。前句话提及“上述所有产品是否都可以称为文化产品? ”, 下句话又把文化分成了“high” culture 和“low” culture, 这是在给文化下定义。故选A项。45. A. prefer B. divide C. alte
89、r D. view【解析】选B。句意: 多数人把文化分为两类: 高等文化和低等文化。 prefer更喜欢; divide使分开; alter改变; view看待。由two forms: “high” culture and “low” culture可知, 此处把文化分成了两类。故选B项。46. A. designers B. techniciansC. composers D. artists【解析】选D。句意: 高等文化是由作家和艺术家创造的。 designers设计者; technicians技术员; composers作曲家; artists艺术家。由第一段提及的电影、流行音乐、食物、
90、软件和后文not_care how marketable people find it(高等文化不关心人们如何发现它的市场价值)可知, 排除B 项, 因为technicians的市场价值大, artists包含composers, 所以用artists。故选D项。47. A. comprehensively B. temporarilyC. necessarily D. representatively【解析】选C。句意: 它更关心的是激发人们看待或使用它的想法, 而不一定关心人们如何发现它的市场价值。 comprehensively可理解地; temporarily暂时地; necessar
91、ily必然地; representatively典型地。前句是肯定句, 提及more concerned with stimulating thought, 后句是否定句, 所以是不怎么关心, not necessarily, 意为“不一定、未必”。故选C项。48. A. as a result B. as a wholeC. on the average D. on the other hand【解析】选D。句意: 另一方面是低等文化, 通常被视为一种娱乐产品, 并且只和它的销售情况一样好。 as a result结果; as a whole总体上; on the average平均; on
92、 the other hand另一方面。由前文可知, 文化被分为两方面: 高等文化和低等文化, 此处指的是文化的另一个方面, 即低等文化。故选D项。49. A. consumed B. producedC. invested D. sponsored【解析】选A。句意: 因为它是被大众消费的, 所以这种文化也可以称为“大众文化”。consumed消耗; produced生产; invested投资; sponsored赞助。由前文“低等文化销售情况好”可知, 低等文化被许多人消费。故选A项。50. A. connections B. distinctionsC. ranges D. advan
93、tages【解析】选B。句意: 低等文化和高等文化之间的区别不是很清楚。connections联系; distinctions差别; ranges范围; advantages优点。由前文可知, 高等文化不怎么关心其中发现的市场价值, 低等文化是一种在意市场价值的消费文化, 两者区别并不明显。故选B项。51. A. overcoming B. acceptingC. attracting D. replacing【解析】选D。句意: 当一种文化产品被进口时, 该产品不能覆盖现有的文化, 因此取代它。 overcoming克服; accepting接受; attracting吸引; replaci
94、ng代替。由下一句“进口产品要适应当地情况”可知, 进口产品的现有文化会被替代。故选D项。52. A. source B. supplier C. copy D. target【解析】选C。句意: 任何一个相信一个进口美国大众文化产品的社会将成为美国的翻版的人都是天真的。 source来源; supplier供应者; copy复制品, 翻版; target目标。由全文语境可知, 进口别国文化产品就会成为别国的翻版, 这是不现实的, 所以用copy, 符合文意。故选C项。53. A. effect B. feedbackC. disadvantage D. idea【解析】选A。句意: 美国似乎
95、在文化产品的出口方面有着最有力的一手, 但作为一个出口国而非进口国, 它有一种“回力棒”效应。 effect影响; feedback反馈; disadvantage缺点; idea想法。由下文“欧洲和日本对美国文化的了解比美国人对欧洲或日本文化的了解要多得多”可知, 美国出口文化产品会让别国了解本国, 产生了相反的影响, 即“回力棒”效应。故选A项。54. A. in particular B. in generalC. in contrast D. in the meantime【解析】选B。句意: 他们对美国文化的了解比美国人对欧洲或日本文化的了解要多得多。 in particular尤其
96、; in general大体上; in contrast相反; in the meantime同时。由全文语境可知, 通过文化产品的输入, 欧洲和日本对美国文化的了解不可能很细致, 只能是大体上的。故选B项。55. A. values B. economyC. policies D. Characteristics【解析】选A。句意: 这些国家可以利用他们对美国社会和价值观的了解来增加他们在美国市场上成功的机会。 values价值; economy经济; policies政策; characteristics特点。由全文语境可知, 美国文化产品输出时, 文化产品会带有美国社会的价值观, 其他国
97、家就能间接了解美国的价值观。故选A项。第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021鹤壁高二检测)When I was a little girl, my family moved to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain. One day after school, while 56. (explore) the green woods of this magnificent mountain, I almost 57. (fall) on a set of
98、 stairs. What could these steps lead to? 58. (curious) got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon. I started climbing up those strangely 59. (mystery) steps. I climbed and climbed. There was nothing 60. just green bushes and these steps. I had to reach the top! However, it wa
99、s now getting really dark. My mum 61. (be) worried sick if I didnt come home soon. So I ran back home almost in the dark and tried not to get too scared. Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about 62. I would find at the top of this magical mountain. Could there be a castle up there? Maybe I would find
100、a monster. Maybe I was taking the risk of never coming back home. Or, maybe all I would find was 63. (absolute) nothing! But something inside me was going to climb that mountain 64. all cost. I could hardly wait 65. (try) this adventure again. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者小时候在一个大山脚下看到了一组台阶, 他很好奇, 就往上爬。但是由于天色晚了,
101、怕妈妈担心, 作者带着遗憾回去了。回到家, 他依旧在幻想要是继续爬, 在山顶上会找到什么。56. 【解析】exploring。考查现在分词作状语。句意: 一天放学后, 当我在这座壮丽的山上探索绿色的树林时, 我差点在一组台阶上摔倒。这是一个时间状语从句, 主语I 与explore之间是主动关系, 所以用现在分词作状语。故填exploring。57. 【解析】fell。考查一般过去时。句意同上。根据这句话的时间状语“One day after school”可知, 这句话应用一般过去时。故填fell。58. 【解析】Curiosity。考查名词。句意: 尽管我知道天很快就要黑了, 但是好奇心还是
102、让我想试试。空格处单词在句中作主语, 所以空格处填名词形式。“curious(好奇的)”的名词形式为curiosity。故填Curiosity。59. 【解析】mysterious。考查形容词。句意: 我开始爬那些奇怪而神秘的台阶。空格处单词修饰名词steps, 所以应用形容词形式。“mystery(神秘的事物)”的形容词为mysterious。故填mysterious。60. 【解析】but。考查介词。句意: 除了绿色的灌木丛与那些台阶外, 什么都没有。“除了”可翻译为but。故填but。61. 【解析】would be。考查过去将来时。句意: 如果我不赶快回去, 我的妈妈将会很担心。由从句
103、中的didnt可知, 从句动作发生在过去。根据句意, 主句动作发生在从句动作之后, 所以主句应使用过去将来时。故填would be。62. 【解析】what。考查宾语从句的连接词。句意: 我急切地躺在床上想象着我会在神奇的山顶发现什么。这是一个宾语从句, 主句缺宾语, 从句也缺少宾语, 所以空格处应使用连接词what。故填what。63. 【解析】absolutely。考查副词。句意: 或许我什么也发现不了。空格处单词修饰系动词was, 所以应使用副词形式。故填absolutely。64. 【解析】at。考查介词。句意: 但是我内心深处的某种东西让我打算不惜任何代价去攀登那座山。“不惜任何代价
104、”可翻译为at all cost。故填at。65. 【解析】to try。考查动词不定式。句意: 我几乎等不及再次冒险。“迫不及待做某事”应翻译为“cant wait to do sth. ”, 因为迫不及待做的事情是还没有发生的。故填to try。第四部分写作 (共两节, 满分40分)第一节 (满分15分)(2021集宁高二检测)随着近年来城市发展速度的加快, 很多反映城市历史风貌的古建筑屡遭破坏。就这个问题请你以How to Protect the Ancient Buildings为题向报社写一封建议信。要点如下: 1. 很多古建筑被拆; 2. 呼吁拯救这些古建筑; 3. 希望有合理的解
105、决方法。注意: 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。_【参考范文】How to Protect the Ancient BuildingsIn recent years, as the city develops faster and faster, many old and historic buildings are being damaged by people. They want to make room for housing or offices in urban construction. Do you think we should try to pr
106、otect those old buildings or replace them with the modern ones? I think we should take measures to protect those ancient buildings, because they reflect the history and culture of the city. And the young will learn a lot when they visit the historical relic sites. The government and related departme
107、nts should find a suitable solution to these problems. As a citizen, it is my and everyones duty to spare no efforts to take any way to protect the historical property. 第二节 (满分25分)阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2020济南高二检测)I was on a tour of Italy with my friends. Our car pulled to a stop at
108、 the beach. I got out, carrying my guitar and saw the blue Adriatic Sea. Waves smashed(撞击) against large rocks that formed a jetty(防波堤). People said this beach was known for its fierce undertow(回流). I trembled. Nothing frightened me as much as water. Id always loved water and been a good swimmer unt
109、il last summer, when Id decided to climb up to the highest diving board at a city pool. Id jumped into the water. The next thing I knew was my brother was pulling me out of the pool. From then on, I stayed away from the water. “Kevin, are you coming? ” My friend Brad called. “Yeah, ” I said. “Just e
110、njoying the view. ” From dry land, I added silently. Just then I heard shouting. People were running into the sea. I saw something moving up and down amid the waves. There was a little boy out there! The rescuers were fighting against the tide(潮水). Theyd never get to him in time. They might not get
111、to him at all with the undertow. I looked back at the boy. His head popped up, then a wave crashed over him and he disappeared for a moment. I had to do something. The jetty! The boy was close to it. From there maybe I could help. I raced down the beach, out onto the jetty, and it hit me: Water! My
112、hands got sweaty and I felt sick to my stomach. I stopped short. The people in the water werent making any headway against the waves. I was the only one who saw that going out onto the jetty was the fastest way to reach the drowning boy. Though I was as terrified as he, I tried to remember the life
113、guard training Id had as a teenager. Sucking in(吸气) a deep breath, I threw myself into the water. As soon as I went under it, I felt like I was back in that city pool, breathless, struggling. Focus, I shouted in my head. Where is he? 注意: 续写词数应为150左右。Then I saw ita thin arm waving weakly a few yards
114、away. _ _Brad jumped into the water. _【参考范文】Then I saw ita thin arm waving weakly a few yards away. I reached the boy and held him just as he sank below the surface. I pulled as hard as I could. “Calm down! ” I told the boy. When I turned back toward the shore, a wave crashed over us. The jetty was
115、about 50 yards away. The undertow! It was pushing us to sea. I remembered what Id learned in my lifeguard training. We slowly made our way to safety. Then I realized something amazing: I was no longer terrified. Brad jumped into the water. I pushed the boy toward him. Just as I let go, a big wave pi
116、cked him up and carried him all the way to Brad. I stopped fighting, and just let myself go. My hand hit the jetty. Someone pulled me out of the sea onto the rocks. When I caught my breath, I turned my head and saw the boy being hugged tightly by his mother. I looked out at the sea. Never before had
117、 water looked so beautiful to me. 【技巧点拨】 读后续写是一种将阅读与写作紧密结合的考查形式, 旨在考查考生的综合语言运用能力。与应用文不同, 读后续写除了要求考生掌握丰富的词汇和句式外, 还注重考生的内容构思和情节衔接的能力。主要聚焦在以下三个方面: 一是把握短文关键信息和语言特点的能力。考生需要了解给定短文的主要内容, 清楚其关键词和语言结构的使用情况, 并通过续写短文表现出来。二是语言运用的准确性和丰富性。期望考生在词汇和语言结构的使用方面准确、恰当, 能够根据内容需要使用较为高级的词汇和语言结构, 阅卷老师会感觉这个考生很有水平。三是对语篇结构的把控能
118、力。考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的掌握情况, 续写的短文要语句连贯、有序。本题所给的文章有一个明显的特点是, 以第一人称的视角用了很多心理描写, 主线是救落水男孩, 而克服恐惧可以作为一条线索讲述作者的心路历程。范文给出的续写就很好地落实了这一点, 最后一句“Never before had water looked so beautiful to me. ”设计得非常巧妙。也就是说在进行续写时, 不光在情节上要延续原文内容, 在写作特色和手法上也要尽量与原文保持一致。【教师备选】概要写作(2021杭州高二检测)Caving may be a once-in-a-lifetime thrill.
119、Whether you find it so or not, do ensure you make preparations for a caving exploration. If you do not, it can turn out to be a very horrifying experience. Here are some tips on cave exploration and finding your way out should you get lost. You should not go exploring caves without knowing your exac
120、t way in and out. Getting lost in a cave is a very dangerous situation that can resemble your worst nightmare. If you do plan to enter a cave, make sure that people outside know you are entering the cave, what time you will be back and when they should start calling for help if anything should happe
121、n. Make sure you have flashlights and spare batteries before entering a cave. At every turn or corner place a marker on the floor indicating the direction you took. Limit your time in a cave to a maximum of eight hours. More than that and you will get very tired and be less alert. Since you have an
122、idea of how much time to be inside, you can plan on how much lighting you will need. One kilogram of carbide will give enough illumination for approximately six to eight hours. You should always carry back-up torches and extra batteries. If you are one of those with a weak heart condition or sufferi
123、ng from claustrophobia, you should limit yourself to just show caves. Caving helmets are designed in such a way that primary lights can be secured to them. It might be a good idea to bring along a dry suit which is made for cave dives or in cold water. The suit itself is made of a laminated waterpro
124、of material, with watertight latex seals at the neck and wrists. Pockets on either side can carry safety equipment. Most cavers put a back-up light on their helmet. This way, if a primary light fails, one can still keep hands free. Another back-up light is also put into a pack. The cave diving rule
125、of “Three Lights” makes a lot of sense for it is dangerous to be in a cave without a light source. _【参考范文】To ensure a safe and pleasant caving outing, you have to make preparations. Do not go to explore caves without knowing the way. Inform someone what time you will be back. Make sure you have flas
126、hlights and spare batteries and limit your time inside. Put on a caving helmet with primary lights and back-up lights attached to them. 【技巧点拨】 本文为概要写作, 简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括, 写出文章的中心大意, 也可称之为摘要。概要写作这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力, 同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。因此, 概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达, 是二者的有机结合体, 是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
