1、NO.1 再现单元内词汇以本为本.阅读单词知其意1flow vi.n.2clap vi.&vt.3administration n.4conservation n.5fuel n.vt.&vi.6businessman n.7raw adj.8greedy adj.流，流动；流畅地进行流动；连贯鼓掌，拍手管理；管理部门；施行；(美国)政府(对自然环境的)保护燃料提供燃料；加油(尤指上层)商界人员；企业家原始的，未经加工或处理的贪婪的，贪心的9plant n.10customs n.11oxygen n.12carbon n.13vehicle n.14crop n.15engine n.工厂；
2、发电厂海关；关税氧气碳交通工具，车辆庄稼，农作物发动机，引擎.重点单词写其形1n&vi.纵联1辩论；争论，讨论2vi.&vt.回收利用3n.数量4vi.冲突，抵触n.冲突；矛盾5adj.愿意的，乐意的6vt.&vi.&n.减少7n.措施，方法；尺度vt.测量；估量，判定debaterecyclequantityconflictwillingdecreasemeasure8vt.纵联 2欣赏，赞赏；感激；领会9n.洪水；大批，大量vt.&vi.纵联 3泛滥；淹没；大量涌入10n.十年11n.范围；一系列；山脉vi.(在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序12adj.特指的；特别的；讲究的13vt.
3、&n.逮捕14n.赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分15adv.非法地16n纵联 4商品，货品17n.到来，抵达；到达者appreciateflooddecaderangeparticulararrestcreditillegallygoodsarrival.拓展单词通其变1consultant n顾问vt.&vi.查阅；请教；商议2production n产量；生产vt.&vi.生产，制造n产品；产物3responsibility n责任，职责adj.负责的；尽责的4belief n看法；信念vt.相信5environmental adj.环境的n环境adv.有关环境的6operate vt
4、.&vi.经营；动手术n操作；经营；手术n操作员；话务员consultproduceproductresponsiblebelieveenvironmentenvironmentallyoperationoperator7impress vt.使印象深刻n印象adj.给人深刻印象的8electrical adj.电的，用电的adj.电的；用电的；能发电的n电；电学；电流9consume vt.消耗，耗费；消费n消费者，用户，顾客n消费10absorb vt.吸收；理解；使全神贯注adj.全神贯注的；一心一意的；被吸收的n专注；吸收impressionimpressiveelectricelec
5、tricityconsumerconsumptionabsorbedabsorptionNO.2 纵联同主族词汇一线串联纵联1.各种“论”法talk n&v谈论，议论discuss vi.讨论，论述argue v争论；辩论debate n&vi.辩论，讨论comment n&v评论remark n&v评论，谈论theory n理论conclude v得出结论纵联2.“感激”家族appreciate v.appreciation n.grateful adj.gratitude n.thank v.thankful adj.纵联3.可怕的“自然灾害”flood洪水typhoon台风tsunami
6、海啸tornado龙卷风sandstorm沙尘暴earthquake地震eruption(火山)喷发hurricane飓风纵联4.“形容词s”变成名词的单词荟萃new新的news消息，新闻good好的goods货品，商品short短的shorts短裤chemical化学的chemicals化学药品economic经济的economics经济学NO.3 横拓同话题词汇以点扩面单元话题人与环境 子话题1 环境污染rubbish n垃圾 litter n垃圾smog n雾霾carbon emission碳排放global warming全球变暖acid rain酸雨emission n排放radia
7、tion n辐射；放射物destruction n破坏，毁坏carbon dioxide二氧化碳greenhouse effect温室效应nuclear energy核能子话题2 环境保护eco-friendly adj.环保的renewable adj.可更新的sustainable development 可持续发展environmentally friendly 有利于环境保护的low-carbon 低碳的ecology n.生态学endangered adj.濒危的advocate vt.拥护，提倡conserve v.保护，保存学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(201
8、8全国卷语法填空)Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop.Since 2011,the country has grown more corn than rice.Corn(produce)has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years,while rice has increased only 7 percent.加蓝词块在句中意为：用所给词的适当形式填空：，在句中表示“”。写出加蓝词在本单元的反义词：，本词语既可以作动词也可以作名词，作名词时构成短语_，意为“在
9、减少”。重要农作物production产量，生产decreaseon thedecrease2(2018北京高考阅读D)While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and rightfully so),policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams,cut emissions(排放)and offer more convenient
10、,affordable mobility options.The(arrive)of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.写出加蓝词的汉语意思：用所给词的适当形式填空：，符合这一“动词名词”变化规律的词语还有：remove;propose;refuse等。写出加蓝词在本单元的同根形容词：；environmentally friendly意为“”。讨论，争论arrivalremovalproposalrefusal
11、environmental环保的(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2016全国卷书面表达)如果你能为我检查一下内容和格式，我将不胜感激。(appreciate)_2(2017北京高考书面表达)我们讨论要把什么放入视频中。(debate)I would appreciate it if you could check the contentsand format for me.高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用We debated over what to put into the video.1responsibility n责任，职责记牢(1)have the/(a)responsibility
12、to do.有责任/有义务做bear/take(on)the responsibility for承担对的责任，为负责a sense of responsibility 责任感(2)responsible adj.有责任的，应负责任的be responsible for 应对负责；对有责任练通单句语法填空Last but not least,its everyones responsibility(make)good use of water.We should be (responsibility)for the work and keep teamwork spirit in mind.T
13、here is no doubt that we human beings should be responsible _ the global warming.to makeresponsiblefor完成句子If you serve your community,you will grow up to be a good citizen with (强烈的责任感)We should motivate the students into _(为负责)their own work.a strong sense of responsibility写美(2011江西高考书面表达)因此，让我们承担起
14、通过骑自行车建设低碳城市的责任。_taking the responsibilityforTherefore,lets take the responsibility to build up a low-carbon city by riding bicycles.2operate vt.经营，管理；操作vi.动手术；运转；见效，起作用辨清 写出下列句中operate的含义People were trapped between floors because the lift didnt operate properly.Its too difficult for him to operate
15、this new complex machine.My father is a doctor.He operated on a patient on the head last night.The medicine will quickly operate on such patients.They operate three factories and a huge warehouse.运转操作动手术起作用经营记牢(1)operate on sb.(for.)(因某病)给某人动手术(2)operation n.运转，运行；操作come/go into operation 生效，实行be in
16、 operation 运转中，实施中operator n.操作员；接线员练通单句语法填空The patient was in great danger,so the doctors decided to operate him immediately for his heart disease.The doctor is performing an (operate)on the injured child.完成句子It is said that some new rules _(将于下个月生效)Protective clothing must be worn _(当机器在运转时)onoper
17、ationwill come/go into operation nextmonthwhen the machine is inoperation写美(2009江苏高考书面表达)对于大多数人来说，没有鼠标操作电脑几乎是不可能的，更不用说上网了。_For most people,its almost impossible to operate a computer without a mouse,let alone surf the Internet.3impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记，使牢记记牢(1)impress sb.with sth.某事给某人留下深刻印象impress sth.
18、on/upon sb./ones memory(mind)使某人对某事有印象/使某人铭记某事be impressed with/by/at.对印象深刻(2)impression n.印象leave/make an impression on sb.给某人留下印象(3)impressive adj.令人赞叹的；令人难忘的练通单句语法填空It is especially important to make a good first(impress)at a job interview.Among his many good qualities,punctuality is the most _(i
19、mpress)one.The little boy impressed me his big and bright eyes the first time I saw him.My father impressed the importance of honesty me.impressionimpressivewithon/upon完成句子The new teacher(给留下好印象)the students by her rich knowledge and humorous talk.We will (对印象深刻)the newly learnt words only if they a
20、re frequently used in everyday communication.made/left a good impression on/uponbe impressed with/at/by写美(2016天津高考书面表达)给我们印象最深的是你们的艺术技巧，显示出了你们过人的天赋。_What impressed us most are your art skills,in which you showed outstanding talent.4decrease vt.&vi.&n减少记牢(1)decrease to 减少到decrease by 减少了decrease from
21、.to.从减少到(2)on the decrease 在减少练通 完成句子Last year the number of independent firms _(从198家减少到96家)To be frank with you,the number of the people who drive after drinking is (在减少)The traffic accidents in the city (减少了30%)last year.decreased from198 to 96on the decreasedecreased by 30%写美(2015江苏高考书面表达)说实话，违反
22、交通规则的人正在减少。_Honestly speaking,people who break traffic rules are on the decrease.5measure n措施，方法；尺度vt.测量；估量，判定vi.(指尺寸、长、宽、高等)量度为辨清 写出下列句中measure的含义We must pay attention to these problems and take effective measures to solve them.This line measures four times as long as that one.It seemed as if the s
23、uit was made to his own measure.Its difficult to measure the success of the campaign at this stage.Did you measure the distance between the two development zones？措施量度为尺度估量测量记牢(1)be measured by/in 用来衡量/计算(2)take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事make.to sb.s measure 按某人的尺寸做练通单句语法填空Education shou
24、ldnt be measured purely examination results.The new bridge under construction,(measure)twice as long as the old one,is due to be completed next month.In the old days,my mother always made new clothes my own measure with the Spring Festival coming.by/inmeasuringto完成句子Right now,the government should(采
25、取强有力的措施)to push the states economy forward.take powerful measures用准 measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时态；若表示此意义的短语作后置定语时，要用现在分词形式。写美(2013重庆高考书面表达)它们的数量不足1 000只，因此我希望你们能采取一些有效措施来保护它们。_The number of them is less than 1,000,so I hope you can take some effective measures to prote
26、ct them.6range n(变动)范围，幅度；一系列；分类；射程；山脉vt.&vi.(在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序辨清 写出下列句中range的含义The houses are sold out within this price range.Between Italy and France,there is a mountain range called the Alps.The temperature of this city ranges from 0 to 30.The company manufactures a range of innovative light-we
27、ight cycles.These missiles have a range of 300 miles.范围山脉(在一定范围内)变化一系列射程记牢(1)in/within range(of sth.)在(的)范围内beyond/out of range(of sth.)在(的)范围外a range of 一系列的(2)range from.to.range between.and.在和范围内变化练通单句语法填空(2017北京高考)The national park has a large collection of wildlife,(range)from butterflies to el
28、ephants.When driving on highways,the driver must control his or her speed the range of 60km/h and 120km/h.rangingwithin/in完成句子I (爱好广泛),including reading,keeping a diary,playing balls with friends and so on.The price of the house is so high that it is well _(超出了我们能承受的范围)have a wide range of hobbiesbe
29、yond ourrange写美(2013辽宁高考书面表达)除了这些传统活动，我们还有更广泛的选择，例如旅行和拜访我们的亲戚或朋友。_In addition to these traditional activities,we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.7appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会，理解记牢(1)appreciaten./pron./v.-ing 欣赏/感激I would appreciate it if.假如，我将不胜感激(
30、2)appreciation n.欣赏；感激练通 单句语法填空Wed appreciate your (leave)as fast as possible.I really appreciate if you could give me such an opportunity to show my talent.Here I sincerely express my (appreciate)if you could help find the lost suitcase.leavingitappreciation用准 appreciate表示“感激”时，后面跟动词-ing形式作宾语；appre
31、ciate后的宾语可以是sth.或形式宾语it，但不跟sb.作宾语，如果表示“感激某人”则用thank sb.。当appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like,depend/rely on等后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。写美(2017全国卷书面表达)如果你能方便时尽快回复我的信件我将不胜感激。_Ill appreciate it if you can reply to my letter at your earliest convenience.8particular adj.专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的，挑剔的记牢(1)be particular abo
32、ut 对讲究/挑剔in particular 尤其，特别(2)particularly adv.尤其，特别练通单句语法填空It was a good concert I enjoyed the last song particular.Steve was in a (particular)bad mood when he got back.完成句子Mary is going on a diet,so she(对食物相当挑剔)particularlyinis very particular about food写美(2009广东高考书面表达)他特别提醒我们，如何握笔也与近视有关。_He remi
33、nded us in particular that how to hold a pen is also related to short-sightedness.9absorb vt.吸收(气体、液体、热、光等)；理解；使全神贯注辨清 写出下列句中absorb的含义This work had absorbed him for several years,and finally he won a good reputation for his work.Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.使全
34、神贯注吸收记牢(1)absorb/attract/draw ones attention 吸引某人的注意absorb.into.把吸收进absorb oneself in.全神贯注于(2)absorbed adj.全神贯注的(be/get)absorbed in.全神贯注于absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的练通单句语法填空This kind of cream is easily absorbed skin,which is a good seller this year.(absorb)in his work,he didnt hear what I said.The nov
35、el was so (absorb)that she read on without a break.intoAbsorbedabsorbing句式升级The singer was absorbed in his singing.The singer forgot to have his lunch.(用过去分词作状语合并句子)生义 读句子猜词义Its a lot of information to absorb all at once.理解，掌握Absorbed in his singing,the singer forgot to have his lunch.写美(2015福建高考书面表
36、达)一缕微弱的光线从墙上的小孔中透过来，他正在专心致志地读书。_A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he absorbed himself in/was absorbed in his reading.联想 be absorbed in(doing)sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in.。类似用法的还有：be lost in.陷入；专心致志于be caught/trapped in.被困在be buried in.埋头于be devoted to.致力于；专心于b
37、e occupied in.忙于be involved in.专注于词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1Her (贪婪的)parents married her a rich man she didnt love.2It is recognized that (环境的)pollution has become one of the most serious problems.3It is important to pay your electricity bill on time,as late payments may affect your (信用)4They came into (冲突)with
38、 the local villagers because of a heated quarrel.5Successful are those who are (乐意的)to take pains.greedyenvironmentalconflictcreditwilling6The newspaper is believed to have been unprofitable for at least the past (十年)7The escaped prisoner got (逮捕)immediately he turned up at the railway station and w
39、as sent to prison again.8Bank base rates have fallen from 10 per cent to 6 per cent a (减少)of 40 per cent.decadearresteddecrease.单句语法填空1My brother has firm belief in the value of cold bath.2In the good care of the nurses,the boy is gradually recovering from his heart (operate)3The exchange program be
40、tween the UK and China may affect various schools (range)from kindergartens to high schools.4Id appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.5Large quantities of food (waste)because of the way it looks.aoperationrangingitare wasted6She loves the song particular,because
41、 her mother used to sing it.7We need to take (responsible)for looking after our own health.8One of the questions debate over education in many colleges is whether education is a lifetime study.inresponsibilityunder.单句改错1The demand for tea is on decrease each year.2The classroom measured 30 feet long
42、 and 20 feet wide is used as a shelter for the survivors.3Absorbing in his writing,the writer forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.4Their account of the event was in the conflict with ours.5The doctor operated the patient at once and saved his life.on后加themeasuredmeasuringAbsorbingAbsorbed去掉第二个t
43、heoperated后加on.完成句子/一句多译1Their honesty and hospitality _(留下难忘的印象)on her life.2She (对家务活如此挑剔)that servants will not work for her.leave an unforgettableimpressionwas so particular about her housework3如果你能教我如何使用电脑，我将不胜感激。how to use the computer.(appreciate sb./sb.s doing)how to use the computer.(apprec
44、iate it if)how to use the computer.(be grateful/thankful to sb.)Id appreciate you/your teaching meId appreciate it if you could teach meId be grateful/thankful to you if you could teach me4由于专心作画，约翰没有注意到我进入他的书房。As he,John didnt notice me enter his study.(be absorbed in),John didnt notice me enter hi
45、s study.(分词作状语)was absorbed in paintingAbsorbed in paintingNO.1 记牢重点短语1 自由发言2减少，削减，缩减3串记1用尽4用完，耗尽5打扫(或清除)干净6排队等候7找出，挑选8进行中9关于，至于10串记2排放，释放open the floorcut back onuse uprun out(of)clean upqueue uppick outunder wayin/with regard tolet off11串记3尤其，特别12尽自己的职责13导致14依赖提供15许多，大量16把归咎于17把置于危险之地18在使用中in part
46、iculardo ones partresult inrely on.for.large quantities ofblame.on.blame.on.in use同根短语串记串记1.“v.up”短语荟萃turn up 出现，到场make up 组成；弥补；编造pick up 捡起，拾起；学到speed up 加速link up 联合，连接use up 用尽串记2.let 短语一览let alone 不管；不打扰let down 放下；使失望let out 放出；泄露；出租let off 排放let pass 放过；不追究let in 允许进入；容许串记3.“inn.”短语联想 in part
47、icular 尤其，特别in turn 依次，反过来in common 共同，共用in detail 详细地in general 普遍地，一般地in use 在使用中NO.2 多备常用词块1hiding their responsibilities 逃避责任2keep the Earth clean and 保持地球清洁、健康3environmental 环境保护4eco-friendly powder 环保型洗衣粉5 development 经济发展6 desertification 减少沙漠化7replace their crops trees or grass 退耕还林或还草8help
48、the local environment 帮助改善当地的环境fromhealthyprotectionwashingeconomicdecreasewithimproveNO.3 背熟经典句式1 Ms Lin Shuiqing,from the Green Society,and Mr Qian Liwei,a business development consultant.和我一起的，一位是来自绿色地球协会的林水清女士，另一位是商业发展顾问钱力伟先生。2The worlds population has grown by in 1800.世界人口比1800年已经增长了六倍。3I you t
49、old that joke.我喜欢你讲的那个笑话。4Therefore,petrol and electricity we consume,carbon we are letting off.因此，我们消耗的汽油和电越多，排放的碳就越多。With me aresix times what it wasliked it whenthe morethe more学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词块和句式(完成句子)(2015天津高考阅读A)Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in
50、 the kitchen._(学生在做饭后必须打扫干净).This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff.Kitchens _(没有保持清洁的)may be closed for use.With the exception of using a small microwave oven(微波炉)to heat food,students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.Students mustclean up after cookingthat are notkept clean(根
51、据提示翻译句子)1(2011安徽高考书面表达)作为高中生，我们在学习过程中遇到了一个接一个的困难。(run into)_2(2013安徽高考书面表达)我认为我们应该尽自己的职责来改变这一现状。(do ones part)高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式As high school students,we run into one difficulty afteranother in the process of learning.I think we should do our part to change the situation.短语集释1cut back on 减少，削减，缩减记牢cu
52、t across/through 抄近路穿过cut in 插嘴，打断(谈话)cut off 切断(供应)，中断(电话通话等)；断绝cut down 砍倒，削减，裁小cut up 切碎练通 选用上述短语填空We spending,which meant learning a whole new way of living.It is impolite of children to when their seniors are talking.The water supply has been temporarily because the workers are repairing one of
53、 the main pipes.Many big trees along the road have been for building houses,many of the branches of which have been for firewood.cut back oncut offcut downcut incut up写美(2013江苏高考书面表达)应立即采取行动，例如停止砍伐树木以改善环境。_Immediate actions should be taken,like stopping cuttingdown trees to better the environment.2r
54、un out(of)用完，耗尽记牢run into 撞进；遭遇；达到run across 偶然遇到；穿过run after 追求；追赶，追逐run away 逃离；突然离开run for 竞选，赶快去请练通选用上述短语填空The taxi the bike and the man on the bike was thrown off.We have already money and I dont know what to do next.I an old friend of mine in the street,whom I havent seen for years.The sudden
55、appearance of a policeman caused the thief to.ran intorun out ofran acrossrun away完成句子If you two hares,youll catch neither.(谚)脚踏两条船，必定落空。run after用准 run out ofuse up表主动意义，主语一般是人；run outbe used up表被动意义，主语通常是物。写美(2013天津高考书面表达)今天我很高兴有机会竞选英语俱乐部的副主席。_Today I am very glad to have the chance to run for the
56、 vice president of the English Club.3pick out 找出，挑选；辨认出，区分；领会，弄明白辨清 写出下列句中pick out的含义She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job.There were so many people at the conference that I couldnt pick him out.Having read the passage many times,I finally picked outits main idea.挑选辨认出领会记牢pick up
57、拿起，捡起；收拾，整理；(偶然)学会；用车接；收听到；好转；感染pick ones pocket 扒窃；掏包练通 完成句子He while he was away on a business trip in Paris.他在巴黎出差的时候偶然学会了一些法语。My friend began to after staying in hospital for several days.在医院待了几天，我的朋友开始好转。On the way home,.在回家的路上，他发现他的钱包被扒窃了。picked up some Frenchpick uphe found his pocket picked写美
58、(2013全国卷书面表达)我在想你是否能去机场接他。_I am wondering whether you can pick him up at the airport.句式集释1it作形式宾语教材原句 I liked it when you told that joke.悟拓展例句(1)We that you have to leave us.我们不愿意让你离开我们。(2)I dont the weather gets really cold.当天气变得太冷的时候我就不喜欢了。(3)I you dont talk with your mouth full.我宁愿你不要嘴里塞满食物时说话。di
59、slike/hate itlike it whenprefer it that析用法规则注意事项用法归纳一些动词短语后面也常用it作形式宾语然后接真正的宾语从句，常见的动词短语有：depend on,rely on,see to(确保)等。在表示喜爱、憎恶之类的动词后面常常不直接加宾语从句，而要先接形式宾语it，然后再接真正的宾语从句，这样的动词有appreciate,enjoy,like,dislike,love,hate,prefer等。背写作佳句(1)(2018全国卷写作佳句)The host will like it if you have learned to use chopsti
60、cks.(要点句)(2)(2018天津高考满分作文)I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on how to improve our robots.(总结句)2the比较级.,the比较级.教材原句 Therefore,the more petrol and electricity we consume,the more carbon we are letting off.悟拓展例句(1)The more difficult the questions are,he is to answer them.问题越难，他回答出来
61、的可能性就越小。(2),the better you will speak English.你练习得越多，英语就会说得越好。(3)The more,.多多益善。the less likelyThe more you practisethe better析用法规则用法归纳(1)此句式意为“越，就越”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。(2)从结构上看，第一个“the比较级”是表示条件的状语从句(在表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时表示将来)；第二个“the比较级”是主句。(3)此结构可以用省略形式。背写作佳句(1)(2014湖北高考写作佳句)The more you
62、 pay,the more you get.(要点句)(2)(2013福建高考写作佳句)The more parents do for their children,the less independent they will become.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空in/with regard to,result in,cut back on,open the floor,blame.on.,under way,do ones part,let off1Some countries have decided to the number of army,which surpri
63、ses the world.2 teaching method,we have not yet discussed it.3The teacher forbade the pupils to fireworks in the school.4The conference gets later today with a debate on the family.cut back onIn/With regard tolet offunder way5The government asked every citizen to in fighting inflation.6Please sum up
64、 very briefly and then well for questions and answers.7One of the computers is broken and shes it me.8They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has this increase in carbon dioxide.do his partopen the floorblamingonresulted in.完成句子1 my mother was,she felt.妈妈越忙碌，她就感到越幸福
65、。2Id I didnt have to get up early on Sundays.我宁愿星期天不用早起。3The production is now ten years ago.现在的产量是十年前的三倍。4 was a beautiful stamp.贴在信封上的是一枚精美的邮票。5He and forgot even to take his meal.他只顾看书，甚至连饭都忘了吃。The busierthe happierprefer it ifthree times what it wasAttached to the envelopewas completely absorbed
66、 in reading.分步写作荒漠化问题在全世界日益严重。请根据下表要点以“Fighting against desertification”设计一则海报。问题全球荒漠化的面积占整个地球陆地面积的1/4；下个世纪，沙漠地区的面积将增加17%原因人类的行为，如滥砍滥伐等；旱涝灾害、气候变暖等倡议植树造林；呼吁人们提高环保意识注意：词数100左右。标题和署名已给出，不计入总词数。Fighting against desertificationThe Students Union第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本文要求写一则海报，属于应用文，时态应以一般现在时为主，必要的地方可以用现在完成
67、时或者一般将来时；人称以第三人称为主，第一人称为辅。海报内容根据题目要求可以从三方面着手：提出问题(荒漠化问题的严重性)；分析原因；发出倡议。三个方面的内容要点都已经在表格中体现出来，学生需要做的就是用地道的语言表达出所给要点。要点1：近年来，沙漠化日益严重。(from bad to worse)要点1：全球大约四分之一的陆地面积被沙漠所取代。(被动语态)_要点1：下个世纪，沙漠地区的面积可能会增加17%。(increase by)_In recent years,desertification has gone from bad to worse.About one fourth of th
68、e worlds land surface has been replaced with desert.Its likely that the area of desert will increase by 17%inthe next century.要点 2：人类的糟糕行为应为此负责。(be to blame)要点 2：洪灾和全球变暖也加剧了这一过程。(speed up)要点 3：政府应当号召人们多栽树。(call on sb.to do sth.)要 点 3：我们应当提高人们的环保意识。(promote,awareness of the environmental protection)_
69、Human beings bad behaviour is to blame.Flood and global warming have also speeded up the process.Weshouldpromotepeoplesawarenessoftheenvironmental protection.The government should call on people to plant more trees.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼上述要点只是简单地翻译了题目中给出的内容，要使文章内容更加丰富，就要对要点进行细节上的补充与拓展。例如要点1，在指出沙漠化日益严重
70、之后可以添加细节句子“在诸多方面威胁着我们”，从而引出后面沙漠化的具体表现；在分析要点2的原因时，需要一个统领句来承上启下，可以添加衔接句“一项调查表明，许多因素导致了这一现象的发生”，接下来可以顺理成章地详细阐述造成这些现象的各种因素；要点3在逐条列举各项措施前可以先加一个统领句“我们应该采取措施阻止进一步沙漠化”。因为本文是海报，用语讲究言简意赅，少用复杂句式，适当使用被动语态。拓展1：近年来，沙漠化日益严重，在诸多方面威胁着我们。(threaten)_要点2补充衔接句：一项调查表明，许多因素导致了这一现象的发生。(contribute to)_In recent years,desert
71、ification has gone from bad to worse and threatened us in many ways.A survey shows that many factors contribute to the phenomenon.拓展2：人类的糟糕行为应为此负责，例如：非法砍伐、不栽树等。(such as)_要点3补充统领句：我们应该采取措施阻止进一步沙漠化。(take measures)_拓展3：我们年轻人应当担负起责任，提高人们的环保意识。(take the responsibility,awareness)_Human beings bad behaviou
72、r is to blame,such as illegal cutting,planting no trees and so on.We should take measures to stop further desertification.We young people should take the responsibility to promote peoples awareness of the environmental protection.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡海报是一种宣传广告，其内容是向受众提供消息，要求表达简洁明了。为了使宣传内容更加条理清晰，可以添加适
73、当的过渡词和衔接词，如：worse still,first,second,on the one hand.on the other hand等。并在文章末尾加上Just take an active part in the activities！来结束全文。Fighting against desertificationIn recent years,desertification has gone from bad to worseand threatened us in many ways.About one fourth of the worldsland surface has bee
74、n replaced with desert.Worse still,its likelythat the area of desert will increase by 17%in the next century.A survey shows that many factors contribute to thephenomenon.First,human beings bad behaviour is to blame,such as illegal cutting,planting no trees and so on.Second,floodand global warming ha
75、ve also speeded up the process.We should take measures to stop further desertification.Onthe one hand,the government should call on people to plant moretrees.On the other hand,we young people should take theresponsibilitytopromotepeoplesawarenessoftheenvironmental protection.Just take an active part
76、 in theactivities!The Students Union.理清文体结构之(十四)夹叙夹议文 叙的是故事，议的是观点 夹叙夹议文有记叙文叙事的特点，也具备议论文的特色，它一边叙述，一边分析、评论。其优点在于作者可以自由地表达情意。在结构方面，还起到总起、提示、过渡和总结作用。在叙议结合中，我们对作者的写作目的渐渐清晰，进而掌握文章大意，为解题做好铺垫。高考典例 2016天津卷B 篇1Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone,not in features but in footsteps.As he grows you a
77、lso age,and your ambitions become more unachievable.You begin to realize that your boy,in your footsteps,could probably accomplish what you hoped for.But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.2My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten.Science projects
78、waited until the last moment.Book reports werent written until the final threat.3Ive been a newspaperman all my adult life.My daughter is a university graduate working toward her masters degree in English.But Jody?When he entered the tenth grade he became a“vo-tech”student(技校学生).Theyre called“motorh
79、eads”by the rest of the student body.4When a secretary in my office first called him“motorhead”，I was shocked.“Hey,hes a good kid，”I wanted to say.“And smart,really.”5I learned later that motorheads are,indeed,different.They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes.And they dont often ma
80、ke school honor rolls(光荣榜)6But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education.We who labor in clean shirts in offices dont have the abilities that motorheads have.I began to learn this when I had my car crashed.The cost to repair it was estimated at$800.“Hey,I can fix it，”said
81、Jody.I doubted it,but let him go ahead,for I had nothing to lose.7My son,with other motorheads,fixed the car.They got parts(零件)from a junkyard,and ability from vo-tech classes.The cost was$25 instead of$800.8Since that first repair job,a broken air-conditioner,a non-functioning washer and a non-toas
82、ting toaster have been fixed.Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.9These kids are happiest when doing repairs.They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world.And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.10I have learned a lot from my motorhead:pub
83、lishers need printers,engineers need mechanics,and architects need builders.Most important,I have learned that fathers dont need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.11My son may never make the school honor roll.But he made mine.读文明晰文章结构1.第 1 段提出自己对儿子的期望议“As he grows you also age.what you hoped for.
84、”表明作者希望自己的儿子实现自己没有实现的目标。2.第 2 段叙述儿子对学习不感兴趣叙3.第 3 段描述家庭氛围叙女儿在学校里的表现要比儿子好。4.第 4 段为故事的转折点叙5.第 5 段表达自己对技校学生的传统观点叙2、3、4、5 段的叙述都是为了支持第 1 段作者的观点。6.第 69 段叙述儿子以具体行动改变了作者的看法叙7.第 1011 段得出结论议孩子虽然学习不优秀，不能追随父亲的足迹，但他自己选择的道路却让父亲引以为豪。定区间细比对41What used to be the authors？ATo avoid becoming his clone.BTo resemble him i
85、n appearance.CTo develop in a different direction.DTo reach the authors unachieved goals.42What can we learn about？AHis daughter does better in school.BHis daughter has got a masters degree.CHis son tried hard to finish homework.DHis son couldnt write his book reports.41对儿子的期望定位 第 1 段中划波浪线部分，分析得出答案。43The author let his son because he believed that _.Ahis son had the ability to fix itBit would save him much timeCit wouldnt cause him any more lossDother motorheads would come to help42孩子的情况定位 第 3 段中划波浪线部分，对比即可得出答案。43修车定位 第 6 段，根据最后一句得出答案。答案 41.D 42.A 43.C