1、Unit 14 CareersWarm-up&Lesson 11.根据音标和词义写出下列单词。_(n.)服务费,学费_(n.)收入_(n.)奖赏_(n.)薪金,工资_(vt.)收费,要价(n.)负责_(n.)摘要,总结feeincomerewardwagechargesummary_(n.)援助,帮助_(n.)资料,数据_(n.)题目,话题_(n.)错误_(n.)液体_(vt.)请教;查阅_(n.)表格,图表_(adj.)随意的,非正式的_(vi.)争吵,吵架aiddatatopicerrorliquidconsultchartcasualquarrel2.词义匹配。(1)chemist A.
2、an arrangement in which you pay money to a company,and they pay money to you if something unpleasant happens to you(2)receptionistB.the ability to understand something(3)typistC.a person who does research connectedwith chemistry(4)insuranceD.an organization set up to do a particular type of work,esp
3、ecially research or teaching(5)guidanceE.a person whose job is to answer thetelephone,arrange appointments,anddeal with people when they first arrive(6)instituteF.help and advice(7)comprehensionG.someone who works in an officetyping letters and other documents(8)fitH.to be the right shape and size f
4、orsb./sth.答案:(1)C(2)E(3)G(4)A(5)F(6)D(7)B(8)H3.根据语境猜测黑体短语的含义。(1)You have to make more money if you want a new car.()(2)Despite the traffic jam he arrived here on time.()(3)Not everyone can keep calm in the emergency.()(4)He was elected the new president of the club and will takecharge of management
5、at the next meeting.()(5)Do you get along well with your friends or often quarrelwith them?()(6)How much should people get paid for investing in thestockmarket?()(7)If you want others in your business to change,you must setan example to them to follow.()(8)I ran across him at a meeting in Shanghai.(
6、)答案:(1)挣钱(2)按时,准时(3)保持镇定(4)掌管(5)与争吵(6)获得报酬(7)树立榜样(8)偶然碰见4.根据语境及汉语提示完成句子。(1)I could _(练习说)English with them every day.(2)If theyre asked to learn new skills,they might _(做有困难)that.(3)Developed countries should _ more _(向提供援助)developing countries.(4)I dont want to _(陷入,卡住)another job like that.practic
7、e speakinghaveproblems(in)doinggiveaid toget stuck in(5)Since were both going the same way,can I _ you _(让搭便车)?(6)I often _ him _(就请教某人)my research work.(7)They can _(与交朋友)people from other countries.(8)We should help him _(而不是)he should help us.givea liftconsultabout/onmake friends withrather than1
8、.速读文章并选出最佳答案。(1)What does the phrase“learn their lines”mean?A.Learn how to be polite.B.Learn how to wait in line.C.Learn words spoken by a particular actor.D.Learn how to run.(2)From the text,if you choose a in the first question,you maybe a(n)person.A.reliable B.confident C.generous D.emotional(3)S
9、ince you are very motivated and strong,in the situation ofQuestion 3,what will you not do?A.Take charge of the situation.B.Ask a small group to go to the nearby village to get help.C.Tell everybody on the bus to put on more clothes to keepwarm.D.Keep calm and comfort others.(4)What is the main idea
10、of the text?A.Everybody is good at something.B.It is a personality test,which helps to find a right job.C.It describes different kinds of people.D.It is a personality test,which helps to find a friend.2.复读文章回答问题。Whats the main idea of the passage?_This passage gives the readers a personality test,th
11、roughwhich the readers can learn more about their characteristicsand find a right job for themselves.The test also showsthat everybody is good at something and we should haveconfidence.1.fee n.服务费,学费【语境领悟】*I thought the accountants fee rather high.我认为那个会计师收费很高。*A visitor visa fee will increase from
12、50yuanto 63yuan.旅游签证的费用将从50元增加到63元。【易混辨析】fee“费用,学费”,指支付给律师、医生等的服务费,也可以是会费、报名费、学费等salary“薪水,工资”,一般指脑力劳动者的月薪或年薪wage“工资,工钱”,指相对短的时间内,以小时或周为单位,付给蓝领工人或非技术工人一次性的报酬【即学活用】选词填空(fee/salary/wage)。The doctors _ was higher than we expected.How much _ does a teacher earn?Her _ are one hundred dollars a week.feesa
13、larywagesHe gets a of 10,000 yuan for teaching every year.A.fee B.salary C.wage D.pay【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意:他每年靠教书挣一万元。salary指脑力劳动者的月薪、年薪,符合题意;fee一般指医生、律师的服务费或学费,会费等。wage多指日薪,周薪。pay泛指工资、薪金,是不可数名词。2.reward n.&v.奖赏;酬谢;报答【语境领悟】*The old lady is offering a reward of$50 to anyone who findsher cat for her!这位老妇人奖
14、励50美元给为她找到猫的人!*How can I reward you for all your help?我该怎样报答你的种种帮助?*They rewarded the winners with gifts of fruit and flowers.他们奖给优胜者一些水果和鲜花。【归纳拓展】in reward回报a reward for.因奖赏/酬谢reward sb.with sth.for sth.因某事奖赏某人某物*I send him a book in reward for his help.我送给他一本书来答谢他的帮助。*The Nobel Prize in Literature
15、 was a big reward for Patrick Modianos long time devotion to literature.诺贝尔文学奖是对帕特里克莫迪亚诺多年对文学贡献的奖赏。【易混辨析】(1)reward意为“奖赏,报酬,奖金”,表示由于做了某事而获得的回报或报酬,既可以是钱,也可以是物或精神鼓励。(2)award意为“奖品,奖金”,指正式的或由官方颁发的奖品或奖金。(3)prize意为“奖赏,奖金,奖品”,多指在比赛中赢得的。【即学活用】选词填空(reward/award/prize)。Mr.Wang has been _ the title of“Advanced
16、Workers”.He received a medal as a _ for his courage.A _ was given to the person who had the winning number.awardedrewardprize(2014黄冈高二检测)After hours of searching their patiencewas and they found what they were looking for.A.calculated B.confirmed C.rewarded D.evaluated【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意:几个小时的搜索过后,他们的耐
17、心得到了回报,他们找到了要寻找的东西。reward给某人报酬,奖励某人;calculate计算;confirm证实;evaluate评估,评价。It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do thingsbecause certain acts lead to .A.rewardsB.prizesC.awardsD.results【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意:人们普遍认为婴儿学习做事情是因为某些行为可以带来奖赏。reward奖赏;prize多指对比赛中成绩优异的人的奖励;award多指政府或组织授予成绩优异的人的奖励;result结果
18、。3.charge vt.收费,要价 n.负责;费用;控告【语境领悟】*They even charge people if they think about them in theshower!如果他们(律师)在沐浴的时候想一想他们,甚至都会向他们收费!*He was brought up on a charge of drunken driving.他被指控醉酒驾驶而出庭受审。【归纳拓展】charge sb.some money for sth.因某物向某人收费charge sb.with.指控某人free of charge免费in charge of负责in the charge of
19、 sb.由某人负责take charge of负责,看管*Recently some officials have been charged with a lot ofcrimes.最近,一些官员被指控犯有很多罪。*An experienced mechanic is in charge of the job.=The job is in the charge of an experienced mechanic.一位有经验的机械师负责这项工作。*John will take charge of the next meeting.约翰将主持下一次会议。【即学活用】写出下列句中加黑部分的词性与意
20、思。They were charged with receiving stolen goods.()He charged me 100 dollars for this coat.()He was arrested on a charge of murder.()He left an assistant in charge of the shop.()We get medical care free of charge.()v.指控v.索价,要价n.控告n.负责,管理n.费用The reason why he was sentenced to death was that he murder.
21、A.was charged withB.was in charge ofC.was in the charge ofD.was charged for【解析】选A。考查charge短语。句意:他被判处死刑的原因是被指控犯有谋杀罪。be charged with意为“被指控犯有罪”,符合句意。be in charge of负责(某事);be in thecharge of由负责;charge.for为收费。(2014 苏 州 高 二 检 测)While our manager is away onbusiness our company will be Mr.Zhang.A.in the cha
22、rge ofB.in charge ofC.taken charge ofD.taking the charge of【解析】选A。考查charge短语。句意:在我们经理出差期间,公司将由张先生负责。in the charge of由负责;in chargeof负责,掌管;take charge of负责,掌管;没有take the chargeof短语。【思维延伸】补充练习(2014福建高考)As a grassroots singer,she reads everything shecan concerning music,and takes every opportunity toimp
23、rove herself.A.catch sight ofB.get hold ofC.take charge ofD.make mention of【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:作为一名草根歌手,她阅读她能够得到的与音乐有关的一切,抓住每一个机会来提升自己。catch sight of看见,发现;get hold of得到,抓住;takecharge of负责;make mention of提到,谈到。根据句意确定B项正确。4.consult vt.请教;查阅;咨询,商量【语境领悟】*He should consult Mr Jensen about the new account
24、on the24th.他应该咨询延森先生有关24日新报告的情况。*Consult your doctor about how much exercise you shouldattempt.咨询一下医生你需要多大的运动量。【归纳拓展】consult sb.about sth.向某人请教某事consult sth.with sb.与某人商量某事consult reference books/the dictionary翻阅参考书/查词典consultantn.顾问,会诊医师*After consulting with her daughter and manager she decidedto
25、take on the part.与女儿兼经纪人商量之后,她决定出演这一角色。*Consult the chart on Page 44 for the correct answers.翻到44页的图表,查一下正确答案。【易混辨析】consult“商量;咨询;查阅”,意为“查阅”时,通常接书、词典、地图等表示出处的名词作宾语refer to“涉及;提及;参考,查阅”,意为“查阅”时,可以与consult互换look up“(在词典中)查阅”,通常接查阅的直接内容作宾语*Look up the word in a dictionary.在词典中查阅这个词。【巧学助记】小图助记consult【即学
26、活用】完成句子。In drawing up the plan,they went to the library to_many books.在制订计划时,他们去图书馆查阅了许多书籍。If you come across some new words,you can _the words in the dictionary.如果你遇到一些生词,你可以在字典中查一下。refer to/consultlook upIf you your notebook during the final examination,you will be punished according to our school
27、s rule.A.seekB.inquireC.consultD.search【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意:在期末考试中如果你查阅笔记本,按照学校规章制度你将会受到处罚。seek寻找;inquire咨询;consult查阅;search寻找。根据句意应选C。I the telephone book for his address.A.referredB.consultedC.looked upD.consulted with【解析】选B。考查consult的用法。句意:我查阅电话簿找他的住址。refer后应加to;look up(在词典、时刻表中)查看;consult with和商量。5.
28、rather than 而不是【语境领悟】*Listen rather than speaklearn as much as possible aboutyour job and the company.听而不是说尽可能多地了解有关你的工作和公司的事情。*I prefer to work rather than sit there doing nothing.我宁愿干活也不愿坐在那里无所事事。【归纳拓展】(1)(2)other than 除之外more than远非;超过;非常or rather更确切地说宁愿做而不愿意做*She has no close friends other than
29、him.她除了他以外没有好朋友。*I worked as a secretary,or rather,a typist.我担任秘书工作,说得准确些是打字员。【名师点津】rather than连接两个主语时,谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致。*He,rather than you,is to blame.是他而不是你该受责备。【即学活用】完成句子。I think Ill have a cold drink _ coffee.我想要份冷饮而不要咖啡。She seldom appears _ happy.她总是看起来很幸福。He left late last night,_ early this mor
30、ning.他昨晚很晚离开,更确切地说是今天一大早。rather thanother thanor rather(2014安徽高考)What we expect from you is working hard hardly working.A.less than B.rather thanC.as well asD.as much as【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意:我们对你的期待是努力工作而不是几乎不工作。less than少于;rather than而不是;as well as也,又;as much as.和一样多。所以B项正确。(2014浙江高考)Facing up to your p
31、roblems_running away from them is the best approach to workingthings out.A.more thanB.rather thanC.along withD.or rather【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意:面对你的问题而不是逃避是解决这些问题最好的方法。more than超过,不仅仅,非常;rather than代替,而不是;along with和一起;or rather更准确地说。根据句意可知B项符合。【思维延伸】补充练习(2011全国卷)The form cannot be signed by anyone yoursel
32、f.A.rather thanB.other thanC.more thanD.better than【解析】选B。考查介词短语。句意:这个表格除了你自己外其他人都不能签名。rather than而不是;other than除了;more than多于,不仅仅;better than胜过。Its better to express your anger bottle it up.A.more thanB.other thanC.rather thanD.or rather【解析】选C。考查介词短语。句意:最好是将你的愤怒表达出来,而不是藏在心里。other than除了;or rather更确
33、切地说;rather than而不是;more than超过。根据句意选C。6.quarrel vi.&n.争吵,吵架【语境领悟】*Dont quarrel with anyone.不要与任何人吵架。*The whole thing turned into a bitter quarrel.整件事酿成了激烈的争吵。【归纳拓展】因某事与某人争吵pick a quarrel with sb.故意和某人争吵;向某人挑衅*He had a terrible quarrel with his other brothers.他跟其他几个兄弟大吵了一架。【易混辨析】argue着重就自己的看法或观点,提出论证
34、,同他人“争论”或“辩论”quarrel指对某事不喜欢或强烈不满而发生的“争吵”或“吵架”【巧学助记】图辨quarrel与argue【即学活用】完成句子。她和她的室友就谁值日的问题吵了一架。She _ her flatmate _ who should be on duty.他反对我对于电视会引起暴力事件的看法。He _ me about my suggestion that television caused violence.这个问题我们同他们辩论了很长时间。We _them _ this problem for a long time.quarreled withaboutquarrel
35、ed withargued withaboutHe is lazy,so he often with his wife about theirhousework.A.argues B.quarrels C.debates D.talks【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意:他很懒,因此他经常因为家务活与他的妻子争吵。argue争论,争辩;quarrel争吵;debate讨论,辩论;talk交谈。根据句意应选B。7.So far,nothing has been done and there are only ten daysuntil the performance.离演出只剩十天,但是到目前为止
36、,你们还什么都没做。【句式分析】此句是一个由and连接的并列句。so far意为“到目前为止;迄今为止”,作时间状语时句子要用现在完成时。*Its the hottest day Ive had so far.这是迄今为止我经历的最热的一天。*So far we have not found an effective way to cure AIDS.我们迄今尚未找到治疗艾滋病的有效办法。【名师点津】类似用法的还有lately,recently,in the past/last few years,up to now等。【即学活用】完成句子。_the search for the missin
37、g MH370 _ fruitless.到目前为止,搜寻失联的MH370还没有结果。Xiaoli promised to chat with me on the Internet,but so far he _(not do)so.So farhas beenhasnt doneI have been pursuing what I want all these years,but so farI nothing.A.achievedB.have achievedC.achievesD.will achieve【解析】选B。考查动词时态。句意:这些年来我一直在追求我想要的东西,但是至今一无所获
38、。so far到目前为止,为完成时的标志。Progress so far very good and were sure that thework will be finished on time.A.wasB.had beenC.has beenD.will be【解析】选C。考查动词时态。句意:到目前为止一直进展良好,我们相信工作能按时完成。so far至今,是与现在完成时连用的时间状语,所以选C。【要点拾遗】1.fit v.合适,适合;胜任adj.适合的,恰当的;健康的【语境领悟】*Does the description fit your personality?描述符合你的性格特征吗
39、?*I ought to be fit for work at the end of the month.到月底时,我应该可以工作了。*This kind of fast food is not fit for my appetite.这种快餐不适合我的口味。【归纳拓展】be fit for 适合,适合于,胜任keep fit保持健康fit in with适合;使与一致;与相适应 fit well很合适*His ideas did not quite fit in with our aims.他的想法和我们的目标不完全一致。*Do you think my clothes fit well?你
40、认为我的衣服非常合身吗?【即学活用】完成句子。He turned out to _ the position.结果证明他是胜任这一职务的。The shoes dont _.这鞋不是很合脚。be fit forfit wellThe food was not .A.fit to be eatenB.fitting to eatC.fit to eatD.fitting to be eaten【解析】选C。考查fit的用法。句意:这种食物不宜食用。fit的固定搭配为be fit to do或be fit for doing适合于。因此答案为C。Who will you have write the
41、 article?Anyone who the job.A.devotes toB.matches withC.is fit forD.applies for【解析】选C。考查动词短语。句意:你将让谁来写这篇文章?能胜任这份工作的任何一个人。devote to奉献给;match with与相匹配;be fit for胜任;apply for申请。This coat doesnt me.Do you have a largersize?Yes,but the colour is different.Does it you?A.suit;suitB.suit;fitC.fit;fitD.fit;s
42、uit【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意:这件外套不适合我。你有没有大一点的?有,但颜色不同。你觉得合适吗?fit表示“大小、尺寸合适”;suit表示“颜色、花样合适”。故选D。2.aid v.&n.援助,帮助;帮助者,有帮助的事物【语境领悟】*You are working for an institute that gives aid to the poor ina small village.你在一家为住在小村庄的穷人提供帮助的机构里工作。*A dictionary is an invaluable aid in learning a new language.在学习一种新语言时,词典是非
43、常有用的工具。*Thegovernmenttookimmediateactiontoaidtheearthquake victims.政府即刻采取行动救助地震灾民。【归纳拓展】first aid 急救by/with the aid of通过的帮助do/give/offer first aid进行急救aid sb.in(doing)sth.在某方面帮助某人in aid of.为了帮助*She pulled the drowning man from the water and gave himfirst aid.她把那个溺水的男子从水中拉上来,并给他施行了急救。*The old woman wa
44、lks with the aid of a stick.那老妇人拄着拐杖走路。*They aided him in scientific studies.他们帮助他从事科学研究。【即学活用】Im collecting money starving children.A.in aid ofB.in case ofC.in consequence ofD.in favour of【解析】选A。句意:为帮助饥饿的孩子们,我正在搞募捐。in aid of为了帮助;in case of如果,万一;in consequenceof作为的结果;in favour of喜欢,支持。根据句意A项正确。We we
45、re in our investigation by the cooperation ofthe local police.A.stopped B.treated C.aimed D.aided【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。aid意为“帮助;援助”,符合句意“当地的警察帮助我们进行调查”。而stop意为“停止”;aim意为“旨在;目的是”;treat意为“治疗;对待”,因此D项正确。Internet is important in getting updatedinformation.A.an;aidB.a;aidC./;aidD.the;aid【解析】选A。考查冠词及aid的用法。句意:互联网
46、是获得最新信息的重要工具。aid作为名词,表示“助手;辅助物”讲时,是可数名词。important以元音音素开头,所以前面用不定冠词an表示“类别”。3.run across 跑着穿过;偶然遇到【语境领悟】*You are on a school trip and the coach has an accident whena deer runs across the road.你在一次学校组织的旅游中,一只鹿跑着穿过马路时,长途汽车出了事故。*I ran across my old classmate in the street yesterday.昨天,我在街上偶然碰到了我的老同学。【归纳
47、拓展】run after 追逐run away逃跑,跑掉run away from逃避,避开run down(用车)撞倒run into跑入,撞在上run off让液体流出run out跑出,离开;耗尽run out of用光,用完*If you run after two hares,you will catch neither.谚同时追两兔,全都抓不住。*I nearly ran into a bus when it stopped suddenly in front ofme.前面一辆公共汽车突然停住,我险些撞上。*Food supplies had run out towards th
48、e end of the trip.在旅行快结束时,食物已经吃完了。*As a matter of fact,we have run out of stock for a few weeks.事实上我们的货已脱销几个星期了。【即学活用】完成句子。Our time is _./We are _ time.我们剩下的时间不多了。He _ an excellent book on the subject in the library.他在图书馆偶然找到有关这个主题的一本好书。running outrunning out ofran across(2012江苏高考)OK,Ive had enough
49、of it.I give up.You cant your responsibilities.A.run off withB.run up againstC.run out ofD.run away from【解析】选D。考查动词短语。句意:好吧,我受够了。我放弃。你不能逃避责任。run off with携带逃跑;run up against意外地碰到(困难)或偶然碰到(人);run out of用光,耗尽;run away from逃避,避开。(2012 重 庆 高 考)Foodsuppliesintheflood-strickenarea .We must act immediately
50、before theres none left.A.have run outB.are running outC.have been run outD.are being run out【解析】选B。考查时态、语态。句意:洪灾地区的食物供应快用完了。我们必须在用完之前立刻采取行动。run out是不及物动词短语,不能用于被动语态,故排除C、D两项;由第二句中的before theres none left可知,run out是将来要发生的动作,应用将来时。have run out是现在完成时,表示动作的完成,排除A项;are running out是进行时表将来,故选B。A ship load
51、ed with expensive goods was reported into the sea with its oil .A.to sink;given outB.to have sunk;run outC.having sunk;used upD.to have sunk;run out of【解析】选D。考查固定句式。句意:据报道一艘装满昂贵货物的船由于汽油用完而沉没在大海里。第一个空是一个固定句式be reported to have done据说做了某事,使用不定式的完成式表示动作已经完成。第二个空是with的复合结构,名词itsoil与动词短语run out of构成被动关系,
52、故使用run out of。run out没有被动语态。故D正确。4.guidance n.指导,引导【语境领悟】*Tell her to phone you if she needs any more guidance.告诉她如果需要更多的指导可以给你打电话。*The plan was drawn up under the chief engineers guidance.=The plan was drawn up under the guidance of the chiefengineer.这一方案是在总工程师的指导下制订的。【归纳拓展】under ones guidance 在某人的
53、指导下guidevt.指导,引导n.向导,导游*He will guide you to the top of the mountain.他将带领你们登上山顶。*We were lucky to have you as our guide.多亏你给我们带路。【名师点津】动词亦可表示人guide是与表示人的名词同形的动词,与其有相同用法的词还有:cook(v.烹饪,煮饭n.厨师),judge(v.判断,审判n.法官)。【即学活用】同义句转换。Under their teachers guidance,the pupils are building a model ship.=_,the pupi
54、ls are building a model ship.在教师的指导下,学生们正在造一个轮船模型。Under the guidance of their teacherWith him us,we enjoyed ourselves in London.A.to guide B.guiding C.guided D.guide【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意:由他作为向导,我们在伦敦玩得很愉快。him与guide之间为主动关系,故用v.-ing形式作补足语。5.Make sure they know what to do.确保他们知道自己要做什么。【句式分析】(1)该句为复合句,make
55、sure后面是省略了that的宾语从句,从句里含有“疑问词+不定式”结构。(2)此结构中疑问词的选择可依据此疑问词在句中充当的成分而定,如疑问代词what,who,whom,which,whose等一般充当句子的主语、宾语或定语;疑问副词when,where,how等一般充当句子的状语。“疑问词+不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等成分。*How to begin is more difficult than where to stop.如何开始比到哪里停止更困难。(作主语)*The question is how to carry out the plan.问题是怎样执行这个计划
56、。(作表语)*He asked how to open the box.他询问如何打开盒子。(作动词宾语)*She kindly advised me what to do.她好心地劝告我该做什么。(作直接宾语)*Bill said something to her about what to do.比尔给她讲了讲应当做什么。(作介词宾语)【归纳拓展】(1)当know,learn,remember,forget等动词后接宾语从句,并且从句主语与主句主语一致时,可以简化成“疑问词+不定式”结构。*I dont know what I should say.I dont know what to
57、say.我不知道该说些什么。(2)当tell,learn,show,teach等动词后接宾语从句,并且从句主语与主句的间接宾语一致时,可以简化成“疑问词+不定式”结构。*Could you tell me how I can get there?(句子中的me和I指的是同一个人)Could you tell me how to get there?你能告诉我怎样去那儿吗?【即学活用】I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation.What aboutyou?I havent decided where .A.go B.wentC.goingD.to go【
58、解析】选D。考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。句意:我将去哈尔滨过暑假,你呢?我还没有决定去哪里。decide后可接宾语从句,也可接“疑问词+不定式”结构。故排除A、B和C项。Ive worked with children before,so I know what in my new job.A.expectedB.to expectC.to be expectingD.expect【解析】选B。考查“疑问词+不定式”在句中作宾语的用法。“疑问词+带to的不定式”结构,起名词词组的作用,在该句中作know的宾语。疑问代词what与不定式to expect之间具有逻辑上的动宾关系。I know w
59、hat to expect in my new job意为“我知道在新工作中期待什么”。故最佳答案为B。There isnt any difference between the two.I really dontknow .A.where to chooseB.which to chooseC.to choose whatD.to choose which【解析】选B。考查“疑问词+不定式”的用法。句意:这两者之间没有任何不同。我真的不知道选择哪一个。“疑问词+不定式”的语序是疑问词在前,不定式在后,故可排除C、D两项;where表示地点,在不定式结构中作地点状语;which指“哪一个;哪一
60、些”,在不定式结构中可作宾语,故选B。As a journalist you should first decide what events before you make some interviews.A.reportedB.to reportC.to be reportedD.reporting【解析】选B。考查“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语。句意:作为一个记者,你应该首先决定在做一些访谈之前要报道什么事件。动词report的逻辑主语是you,因此在此处应用不定式的主动语态。.单词拼写1.We dont _(收费)anything for our service.2.My monthly
61、_(收入)was just over 200 pounds.3.He works in an _(保险)company.4.The house price has been a hot _(话题)of conversation these years.5.An act of kindness deserves a _(报酬).chargeincomeinsurancetopicreward6.This was utterly beyond her _(理解,理解力).7.I _(查阅)a telephone directory for the number.8.Many universitie
62、s have _(机构,学院)of education.9.A good dictionary can _(帮助)me in learning language.10.This is a family who often _(争吵,吵架)among prehensionconsultedinstitutesaidquarrel.根据首字母或括号中所给词的适当形式填空1.The c_ shows the companys rapid growth in recent years.2.Jeans are now a very popular form of c_ dress around the
63、world.3.The d_ stored in a computer can be protected.4.I cut out the p_ in this article.5.The _mixed up some medicine for me.(chemical)hartasualataaragraphchemist6.A good _can finish _ the long article in a short time.(type)7.He gave a _ report of the days events.(sum)8.We would appreciate _ from an
64、 expert in this field.(guide)9.The shop _ was not in the least afraid of the trouble.(assist)10.I will give the _ to the _.(reception)typisttypingsummaryguidanceassistantreceiptreceptionist直接引语和间接引语()1.直接引语与间接引语的含义【语境领悟】*Mr.Black said,“Im busy.”布莱克先生说:“我很忙。”(直接引语)*Mr.Black said that he was busy.布莱克先
65、生说他很忙。(宾语从句是间接引语)【知识归纳】引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法:(1)放在引号内,不用连词连接,直接引述别人的原话称为直接引语(direct speech)。(2)不用引号,通常用连词连接于主句,用自己的话转述别人的话,称为间接引语(indirect speech),常常用宾语从句来表达。2.祈使句的直接引语与间接引语的变换 当直接引语为祈使句时,变为间接引语时主句中的谓语动词往往根据直接引语中的语气变换成“引述动词+(not)todo”结构,即直接引语:主语+动词+“祈使句”。间接引语:主语+引述动词+sb.(not)to do。【语境领悟】*“Bring me a cup
66、of tea,please,”she said to him.“请给我一杯茶。”她对他说。She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.她要求他给她一杯茶。*“Stop talking,”the monitor said to the class.“别说话。”班长对全班人说。The monitor told the class to stop talking.班长告诉全班人不要说话。*“Dont make any noise,”she said to the children.“不要发出任何噪音,”她对孩子们说。She told(ordered)the chi
67、ldren not to make any noise.她告诉孩子们不要发出任何噪音。*“Dont go out at night,Jim.”he said.他说:“吉姆,晚上别出去。”He warned Jim not to go out at night.他警告吉姆晚上不要出去。【知识归纳】(1)表示建议、请求语气用ask/advise sb.(not)to do。(2)表示安排、吩咐语气用tell sb.(not)to do。(3)表示命令、指示语气用order sb.(not)to do。(4)表示提醒、警告语气用warn/remind sb.(not)to do。【巧学助记】祈使句变
68、间接引语口诀:去掉引号要加to,ask,order须记住;直引若是否定式,not加在to前部。(2014临沂高二检测)The boy wanted to go swimming in thelake,but his father told him .A.not toB.not to doC.not do itD.do not to解题分析:【活用】1.(2014淄博高二检测)While the police have beenwarning us after drinking,there are always somepeople who turn a deaf ear to it.A.nev
69、er to driveB.to never driveC.never drivingD.never drive【解析】选A。考查祈使句转换为间接引语。句意:尽管警察一直在警告我们不要酒后开车,但总有一些人置若罔闻。warn后要用不定式作宾语补足语,故可排除C和D。never是否定词,应放在不定式符号to前面,故答案为A。2.(2014 黑河高二检测)My teacher asked for theviolin.A.did I pay how muchB.I paid how muchC.how much did I payD.how much I paid【解析】选D。考查间接引语中的语序。句
70、意:我的老师问我花了多少钱买小提琴。宾语从句中要使用陈述句语序,而非一般疑问句语序,故答案为D。3.(2014锦州高二检测)The witness said that the bus from east to west when the accident happened.A.was travellingB.travelledC.had been travellingD.was to travel【解析】选A。考查间接引语中的时态。句意:目击者说当事故发生的时候,那辆公共汽车正在从东往西行驶。根据句意可知从句要用过去进行时态,答案为A。.将下列各句中的直接引语变为间接引语1.“Dont mak
71、e so much noise in class,boys and girls,”said the teacher._2.Mary said to Tom,“Please remember to answer that letter as soon as possible.”_The teacher told the boys and girls not to make so much noisein class.Mary asked Tom to remember to answer that letter as soonas possible.3.John said,“Can you te
72、ll me the way to the railway station,Tom?”_4.The police shouted at the thief,“Stand still.”(order)_John asked Tom whether he could tell him the way to therailway station./John asked Tom to tell him the way to therailway station.The police ordered the thief to stand still.5.“Dont forget to buy some m
73、ilk on your way home”,the wife said to her husband.(remind)_6.“Dont go out alone after dark,daughter”said the mother.(warn)_The wife reminded her husband not to forget to buy somemilk on his way home.The mother warned her daughter not to go out alone afterdark.7.Li Hua said to us,“Why not do more li
74、stening practice?”(advise)_8.“Shall we go for a walk?”she asked.(suggest)_9.“Let me pack the parcel for you,”he said.(offer)_Li Hua advised us to do more listening practice.She suggested going for a walk.He offered to pack the parcel for me.选择合适的动词,并用其适当形式填空(order/warn/ask/tell/advise)1.The old man _ Jim to keep away from that bad guy.2.The officer _ the soldiers to go there at once.3.She _ us to have a rest after much work.4.She _ her husband not to mention it again.5.He _ me that it was a secret.warnedorderedadvisedaskedtold
