1、2021-2022学年江苏省南通、盐城 、淮安、 宿迁等地部分学校高一上学期第一次大联考英语试题考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用错笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并回交。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7
2、.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. $9. l5. B. $9. l5. C. $9. 18.答案是B。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a factory.B. In a hospital.C. In the office.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: When do you
3、 think that I can go home, Dr. Smith?M: Well, you came in on Monday and today is Friday. Id say that you could probably leave tomorrow, but I dont want you to go back to work in several weeks.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whats the correct time?A. 6: 25 am.B. 6:35 am.C. 6:35 pm.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:What time is it
4、 now?W: Six thirty-five.M: Am or pm?W: Well, just look at the sunset and youll know.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When did the man visit the Yellowstone Park?A. This year.B. Last year.C. The year before last.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Did you go to the Yellowstone Park for vacation last year?M: I couldnt make it last D
5、ecember. But I finally went there three months later. I plan to visit again next year.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the man feel now？A. Disappointed.B. Regretful.C. Content.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: I wish I had studied harder when I was in the university.W: You always said you didnt think study was that impo
6、rtant.M:Yes, I know, but now I realize I was wrong and its too late.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where will the speakers meet？A. At the museum.B. At the garden.C. At the dentists.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: The car we are renting to the museum is going to leave at ten in the library, so lets meet at the garden in front
7、 of the library.W: Oh I thought I have told you. I have a dentist appointment this moming. May I meet you at the museum?M: OK, then well meet there at 1030.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
8、听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. Whats the problem with the man?A. He cant sleep well.B. He didnt pass the exam.C He lost touch with friends.7. What did the woman suggest to him?A. Going to bed earlier.B. Calling the health service.C. Taking a course about stress.【答案】6. A 7. B【解析】【原文】M: Im very
9、 worried about our final exam next week. For one thing, I cant sleep.W: Yeah. I went through the same thing last year.M: Thats why Im asking you about it. Do you have any suggestion?W: Well, last year the university offered a stress management course at about this time. Have you been in touch with t
10、he service?M: No, I have no time.W: Funny, isnt it? Just when students need help most we cant afford the time to get it. Youd better call the health service tomorrow. They open at 900 am. Well, have a good nights sleep.M: Thats easier said than done.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. Where does t
11、he conversation take place?A. Over the telephone.B. In the womans home.C. At an insurance company.9. Why does the man talk to the woman?A. To make a report.B. To help rebuild her house.C. To show sympathy.10. What will the woman receive?A. A new house.B. Some reports.C. Some money.【答案】8. B 9. A 10.
12、C【解析】【原文】M:Hello, Mrs. Miles, Im from Sun Insurance. Im visiting quite a few homes in this area actually. The storm did a lot of damage.W: Well, youve been quick. I only phoned two days ago.M: I know. Well, lets start here at the front, shall we? Uh, youve got a lot of coverings missing off the roof
13、.W: Yes. The chimney was damaged as well.M: Oh, yes. Some of the bricks have blown off. Anything else?W: Um, you can see the bedroom window on the left was destroyed. Ive just put some boards over it.M: OK. Lets walk round to the back.W: Here we are.M: Goodness, that trees fallen down right on the f
14、ence!W:Yes. Its a real pity. That was a lovely tree. The shed roof was damaged too, Im afraid.M: I see. Ive got all that. Ill write up my report and well let you have a check as soon as possible.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. How long will the holiday last?A. For a week.B. For a month.C. For
15、 two weeks.12. Where does the boy want to go?A. Disneyland and the Fairy Cave.B. Disneyland and Dinosaur World.C. Dinosaur World and the Fairy Cave.13. Why cant the speakers go to Dinosaur World?A. Its scary.B. Its boring.C. Its far away.【答案】11. A 12. B 13. A【解析】【原文】M: Mom, are we having a family ho
16、liday this year?W: Of course we are. Your dad has been thinking about where we should go.M: Dont you think well be going to Disneyland?W: I dont think so. Disneyland is too far away. Weve only a week to spend.M: What about Dinosaur World? Everybodys been to Dinosaur World.W: Anyway, Dinosaur World i
17、s too scary for your little brother.M: So, because of him we have to go somewhere boring?W: Oh, darling! This is a family holiday, you know. And its for the whole family. Trust your dad; hell think of a good place to go.M: I hope it isnt the Fairy Cave again!W: We all share your hopes on that !听下面一段
18、较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a hotel.B. In a store.C. In a restaurant.15. What do we know about the woman?A. She is warm-hearted.B. She is generous.C. She is active.16. What probably is the man?A. The manager.B. A customer.C. A shop assistan
19、t.【答案】14. B 15. A 16. B【解析】【原文】W: What would you like to buy?M: Im just looking, thanks.W: Mmmmf.M: Look, Im just looking. If I need any help, Ill let you know.W: What about the orange one? Here, feel the quality.M: Look, Im going to give you some free advice today. Firstly, when a customer comes in
20、, just greet them. Rushing to them will make them feel uncomfortable.W: U-huh.M:And if they do need help, suggest things that they seem interested in.W: I see.M: Next time I come back I hope you remember what I have said. And pass it on to your boss.W: Oh, I dont work here. I just like to hang aroun
21、d and help.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. When did drag racing start?A. In 1953.B. In 1943.C. In 1963.18. Why do drag race tracks have to be straight?A. The cars cant make a sharp turn.B. Each race doesnt last long.C. The course is too short.19. Why is it sometimes difficult to see the racers?
22、A. The tracks are too straight.B. There is too much smoke.C. The tyres are huge and fat.20. What do we know about drag racing?A. It is a sport for teenagers.B. It is similar to other car races.C. It has become professional.【答案】17. A 18. A 19. B 20. C【解析】【原文】You have probably seen sports cars racing
23、on TV or at the movies. But have you ever seen a drag race? Drag racing started in the United States in l953. The first drag tracks were built by those who were worried about teenagers who were racing their cars on public streets. A track is a straight course about 1,200 feet long. The track has to
24、be straight because the cars go so fast that they cant possibly take a corner. Each race lasts only about seven seconds !The cars used in drag racing dont have much in common with other racing cars. In the front is something that looks like a bicycle wheel. Huge, fat tyres are at the back. A powerfu
25、l engine is usually in front of the driver. During a race there is sometimes so much smoke from the engines that its hard to see the racers. The fans say the best races are those where the cars go so fast that they cant see them at all !There are professional drag races now. A good drag racer can ea
26、rn as much as $65,000 a year.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOn the 100th anniversary of the Communist Party of China (CPC), red tourism has gained popularity among tourists who flood in to visit historic sites with a modern revolutionary heritage.Jingga
27、ngshanThis is one of the most crucial and splendid chapters of history of establishing Red China as well as a unique and wonderful ecosystem, which is covered with rich forest, rugged peaks and several memorials to the Red Army. The best time to visit is between April and October, with the most temp
28、erature timing April and May when the large azaleas (杜鹃花) bloom.Open: 8:00-17:00 (Feb. 16-Nov. 15). 8:00-16:30 (Nov. 16-Feb. 15)XibaipoIt is an old revolutionary base where the leadership of the Communist Party of China was stationed, drawing up the blueprint for a new country. A memorial hall was b
29、uilt to honor the memory of this site. The lake and the hill here add brilliance and beauty to each other and form pleasant scenery.Open: Tuesdays to Sundays 9:30-17:00 (Xibaipo Memorial Hall)The Nanhu Revolutionary Memorial HallA new exhibition is held with updated display approaches, including pha
30、ntom imaging (全息影像) and oil painting, which are used to improve visitors experiences. The exhibition shows four stages of the CPC from its establishment to its achievements.Open: Tuesdays to Sundays 8:30-18:00 (closed on Mondays)Former Site of the Editorial Department of New YouthNew Youth started t
31、he New Culture Movement and spread the influence of the May Fourth Movement. The site was briefly based in Beijing but moved back to Shanghai in 1920 and also served as the office for the Communist Party of China Central Committee in the 1920s.Open: Thursdays to Tuesdays 9:00 - 11:30, 13:30 - 16:30
32、(closed on Wednesdays)21. Where would visitors learn more about the history of the Red Army?A. Jinggangshan.B. Xibaipo.C. The Nanhu Revolutionary Memorial Hall.D. Former Site of the Editorial Department of New Youth.22. What do we know about the Nanhu Revolutionary Memorial Hall?A. It focuses on Chi
33、nese achievements in art.B. It mainly advertises the coming anniversary.C. It applies modernized methods to the exhibition.D. It briefly introduces the rise and fall of Nanhu.23. When can tourists visit Former Site of the Editorial Department of New Youth?A. At 1:00 p.m. on Mondays.B. At 9:00 a.m. o
34、n Wednesdays.C. At 2:00 p.m. on Fridays.D. At 5:00 p.m on Sundays.【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。正值建党一百周年之际，文章推荐了几大红色旅游景点。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Jinggangshan部分“This is one of the most crucial and splendid chapters of history of establishing Red China as well as a unique and wonderful ecosystem, which
35、is covered with rich forest, rugged peaks and several memorials to the Red Army.（这是建立红色中国历史上最重要、最辉煌的篇章之一，也是一个独特、奇妙的生态系统，这里有茂密的森林、崎岖的山峰和几处红军纪念碑）”可知，想要学习红军历史应该去井冈山。故选A项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据The Nanhu Revolutionary Memorial Hall部分的“A new exhibition is held with updated display approaches, including phantom i
36、maging (全息影像) and oil painting, which are used to improve visitors experiences.（一个新的展览以最新的展示方式举行，包括幻影成像和油画，用来改善参观者的体验）”可知，该景区的展示运用了现代技术。故选C项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Former Site of the Editorial Department of New Youth部分的“Open: Thursdays to Tuesdays 9:00 - 11:30, 13:30 - 16:30 (closed on Wednesdays)（开放时间：星期四至
37、星期二9：00-11：30，13：30-16：30(每星期三休息)）”再对比选项可知，游客可在周五的下午2：00参观。其他时间不可以。故选C项。BMore than 10,000 people were made homeless in Ternang when the Sungai Mas overflowed its banks yesterday after six days of continuous heavy rain.The wooden bridge across the river has been washed away. The town is cut off by fl
38、ood waters. At the fifth mile, Jalan Tengkn, the water is two meters deep. It is closed to all traffic. Flooding first happened at mid-afternoon yesterday along the river banks. People trying to get to higher ground were just in time to escape the destroying of the flood. Most of the flood victims(受
39、害者) had to leave all their things behind.The National Flood Relief(救济) Center was reported to give its help and by early evening the whole town was moved out, helped by the army, police, Red Cross Society and volunteers(志愿者).The flood victims are now housed in different simple relief centers in the
40、nearby town of Ternang. “Everything possible is being done to help the unlucky people,” a government spokesman said, “In fact, money, food and clothing have begun to come in from public organizations and helpful people. A Disaster Relief Fund(救灾基金会) will be started as soon as possible.”According to
41、the latest reports it is still raining heavily at Ternang. The whole town is expected to be wholly covered by the water. So far no deaths have been reported.24. This passage is probably taken from _.A. a storybookB. a textbookC. a magazineD. a newspaper25. It seems that the flood happened just becau
42、se _.A. the banks were too lowB. the wooden bridge is solid (坚固)C. the river was too narrowD. they had had wet days for some time26. From the passage we know that _.A. though the town was flooded, you could still go there by busB. as soon as the water flowed over the banks, people began to go to hig
43、her landsC. the government and the whole society are taking great care of the flood victimsD. the flood hasnt brought a large loss to the town as nobody died in the flood27. What is the best title for this passage?A. A Big FloodB. Ternang Is destroyedC. Over 10,000 People Are HomelessD. Rescue Team
44、Arrived【答案】24. D 25. D 26. C 27. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了发生在特南市的洪水。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“According to the latest reports it is still raining heavily at Ternang. The whole town is expected to be wholly covered by the water. So far no deaths have been reported”（根据最新的报道，特南仍在下大雨。预计整个城镇将被水完全淹没。到目前为止还没有死亡报告）
45、可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，最可能出自报纸，故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“More than 10,000 people were made homeless in Ternang when the Sungai Mas overflowed its banks yesterday after six days of continuous heavy rain”（在连续6天的暴雨之后，特南市昨日发生洪水，导致1万多人无家可归）可知连日大雨导致洪水的发生，故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“The National Flood Relief(救济) Center was
46、 reported to give its help and by early evening the whole town was moved out, helped by the army, police, Red Cross Society and volunteers”（据报道，国家抗洪救灾中心提供了帮助，到傍晚时分，在军队、警察、红十字会和志愿者的帮助下，整个城镇都被撤离了）可知灾民受到政府和社会各界的救助。故选C。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“More than 10,000 people were made homeless in Ternang when
47、the Sungai Mas overflowed its banks yesterday after six days of continuous heavy rain”（在连续6天的暴雨之后，特南市昨日发生洪水，导致1万多人无家可归）可知，本文是一篇新闻报道 ，报道了发生在特南市的洪水，因此A选项A Big Flood（一场大洪水）是最好的题目，故选A。COnline education has grown fast over the past ten years. The explosion of technology has made teaching outside the trad
48、itional classroom possible for teachers and has provided learners with easy access to course materials. Its attractiveness, benefits, and challenges are addressed. In April, 2005, I was approached by a student who was interested in our doctoral program. However, the first question out of her mouth w
49、as, “Do you offer any online courses?” Later that day, as I was reading the conference program guide trying for interesting presentations, I noticed many workshops on web-based learning and online education. I later attended two of those workshops and met several professors from different universiti
50、es who had either taught online courses for quite some time or who were discovering the best practice for teaching online. These experiences helped me realize at least to some extent the degree of growth in online education.My responsibilities for the term included gaining more understanding of onli
51、ne education. Consequently, I made several attempts to enrich my knowledge of distance learning and online teaching. I consulted with my colleagues who were teaching online courses. This helped me recognize the importance of getting materials prepared even before the start of a term. I also learned
52、that online courses may consume more time than regular classroom teaching. And I attended several workshops regarding online education and established a network with those who were involved in online programs at other universities. I will consider these people as my consultants as I begin to design
53、my own online course. Also, I conducted a brief survey with 15 students and two faculty members who had taken or taught an online course before to understand their experience. Eventually I completed a literature review which gave me the foundation and the background of understanding the need for onl
54、ine education.28. What benefits the development of online education?A. Teachers good teaching ability.B. Lack of traditional classrooms.C. Learners access to free courses.D. The rapid advance of technology.29. Why did the author take a student for example?A. To show students love for the doctoral pr
55、ogram.B. To persuade learners of traditional education.C. To explain the growing trend of online education.D. To predict the future of the teaching career.30. What caused the author to know more about online education?A. The appetite for knowledge.B. The professional responsibilities.C. The requirem
56、ent of research.D. The colleagues encouragement.31. What is the authors attitude to online education?A. Carefree.B. Doubtful.C. Supportive.D. Unwilling.【答案】28. D 29. D 30. A 31. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与在线教育的故事。【28题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“The explosion of technology has made teaching outside the traditional
57、 classroom possible for teachers and has provided learners with easy access to course materials.”（技术的爆炸使得传统课堂之外的教学成为可能，并为学习者提供了容易获得课程材料的机会。），可知是技术的发展对于在线教育有益处，故选D项。【29题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“In April, 2005, I was approached by a student who was interested in our doctoral program. However, the first questio
58、n out of her mouth was, “Do you offer any online courses?”（2005年4月，一位对我们的博士课程感兴趣的学生找到我。然而，她嘴里的第一个问题是，“你有没有提供在线课程？”），“These experiences helped me realize at least to some extent the degree of growth in online education.”（这些经历至少在一定程度上帮助我认识到了在线教育的增长程度。）和第二段关于在线教育在教师中的流行，可知作者以一个学生为例是想表明他开始接触到了在线教育，这些经历帮
59、助他认识在线教育已经成为教育大势，可得出提及学生是为了预测未来的（在线教育）教学生涯。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的“My responsibilities for the term included gaining more understanding of online education. Consequently, I made several attempts to enrich my knowledge of distance learning and online teaching. I consulted with my colleagues who were
60、 teaching online courses. This helped me recognize the importance of getting materials prepared even before the start of a term. I also learned that online courses may consume more time than regular classroom teaching. And I attended several workshops regarding online education and established a net
61、work with those who were involved in online programs at other universities.”（这学期我的职责包括更多地了解在线教育。因此，我尝试了几次丰富我的远程学习和在线教学知识。我咨询了在网上授课的同事。这有助于我认识到，在学期开始前就准备材料的重要性。我还了解到，在线课程比常规课堂教学消耗的时间要多。我还参加了几次关于在线教育的讲习班，并与其他大学参与在线课程的人建立了一个网络。），可知作者认为他需要更多地了解在线教育，即对在线教育进行求知，因此他尝试远程学习和在线教学知识、咨询在网上授课的同事和参加几次关于在线教育的讲习班，这
62、都是因对在线教育知识的渴望才会有的行为。故选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中“I will consider these people as my consultants as I begin to design my own online course.”（我将把这些人当作我的顾问，因为我开始设计自己的在线课程。）和“Eventually I completed a literature review which gave me the foundation and the background of understanding the need for online educat
63、ion.”（最后，我完成了一个文献综述，它给了我理解在线教育需求的基础和背景。），可知作者要设计自己的在线课程，还完成了一个有关在线教育需求的基础和背景的文献综述，说明作者是接受在线教育，可得出作者对在线教育的态度是支持的（Supportive）。故选C项。DI dont want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what its like to work in a field domin
64、ated (controlled) by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space, time and the nature of black holes.At 19, when I began studying astrophysics (天体物理学), it did not b
65、other me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement jobs, research papers, awards was viewed through the lens (镜片) of gender (性别) politics. So were my failu
66、res. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all
67、 provocations (挑衅): I dont talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didnt want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I dont study sociology or politica
68、l theory.Today I research and teach at Barnard, a womens college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific res
69、earch and a desire for children. And I dont dismiss those concerns. Still, I dont tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of scien
70、ce. And thats a sight worth talking about.32. Why doesnt the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?A. She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination (歧视).B. She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.C. She is not good at telling stories of the kind.D. She finds spac
71、e research more important.33. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute (把归因于) the authors failures to _.A. the burden she bears in a male-dominated societyB. her involvement in gender politicsC. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicistD. the very fact that she is a woman34. W
72、hat did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research? A. Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science. B. Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle. C. Peoples fixed attitude toward female scientists. D. Widespread misconceptions about na
73、ture and nurtured. 35. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?A. Women students neednt have the concerns of her generation.B. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.C. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.D. Women now have fewer proble
74、ms pursuing a science career.【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者通过自己的努力和人们的传统的性别歧视作斗争，并且最后取得了非凡的成绩。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what its like to work in a field dominated (controlled) by men. I was never very good at te
75、lling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting.可知，在我的生活中，曾经有一段时间，人们总是问我在一个男人主宰的领域里工作是什么样子的。我从来都不擅长讲这些故事，因为说实话我从来都不觉得它们有趣。由此推知，作者不想再谈论成为一名女科学家的问题，因为她已经受够了性别歧视的问题。故选A。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段My every achievement jobs, research papers, awardswas viewed through the lens (镜片) of gender (
76、性别) politics. So were my failures.可知，我的每一项成就工作、研究论文、奖项都是通过性别政治的视角来看待的。我的失败也是如此。由此推知，人们把她的失败归因于她是个女人这一事实。故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all wom
77、ankind.可知，有时，当我被迫就左脑与右脑，或先天与后天之争展开辩论时，我会立即为自己和所有女性展开激烈的斗争。由此可知，作者所抗争的是人们对女科学家的固定态度。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of scienc
78、e. And thats a sight worth talking about.可知，相反，我给了他们这个：他们的物理教授怀着孕做物理实验的视觉。反过来，他们给我的印象是45名女性被对科学的热爱所驱使。这是一个值得讨论的景象。由此可知，作者向她的学生呈现的形象暗示了女性可以在科学事业和家庭之间取得平衡。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Artificialintelligence systems like Grammarly, an automated grammarchecker,
79、are trained with data. for instance, translation software is fed sentences translated by humans, Grammarlys training data involve a large number of standard errorfree sentences and humancorrected sentences. _36_ The software then looks at a users writing: if a line of words seems ungrammatical, it t
80、ries to spot how the generally supposed mistake is most closely similar to one from its training inputs. _37_ Advances in language technology have been impressive in, for example, speech recognition, which involves another sort of statistical guesswhether or not a stretch of sound matches a certain
81、line of words. _38_ . It can rate the tone of an email before you send it, after being trained on texts that have been assessed by humans, for example as “admiring” or “confident”.But grammar is the real magic of language, joining words into structures, joining those structures into sentences, and d
82、oing so in a way that maps onto meaning. _39_ . Computers can analyse grammatical sentences fairly well, labeling things like nouns and verb phrases. But they struggle with sentences that are difficult to analyse, precisely because they are ungrammaticalin other words, written by the kind of person
83、who needs Grammarly. _40_ But computers dont work in meaning or intention, they work in formulae（惯用语）. Humans, by contrast, can usually understand even sentences that are not grammatically correct, because of the ability to guess the contents of other minds. Grammarchecking computers illustrate not
84、how bad humans are with language, but just how good.A. Grammarly can seem to miss more errors than it marks.B. One Grammarly feature that works fairly well is feeing analysis.C. To correct such writing requires knowing what the writer intended.D. Grammarly has some obvious strengths in understanding
85、 meaning or intentions.E. Computers outpace humans at problems that can be solved with pure maths.F. Developers also add certain rules to the patterns Grammarty has taught itself.G. In this decisive structuremeaning connection, machines are no match for humans.【答案】36. F 37. E 38. B 39. G 40. C【解析】【分
86、析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一款帮助检查语法及拼写错误的工具Grammarly，在国外一直都非常流行，现在在国内也逐渐普及起来。但是Grammarly真的好用吗？人工智能是否真的能代替人工修正语法？【36题详解】根据空格前“Artificialintelligence systems like Grammarly, an automated grammarcecker, are trained with data. for instance, translation software is fed sentences translated by humans, Grammarlys train
87、ing data involve a large number of standard errorfree sentences and humancorrected sentences. ”（像Grammarly(自动语法检查器)这样的人工智能系统是用数据进行训练的。例如，在翻译软件中输入人工翻译的句子，Grammarly的训练数据包含大量标准无错句子和人工修正的句子。）可知，前面介绍了自动语法检查器，以及空格后“The software then looks at a users writing: if a line of words seems ungrammatical, it trie
88、s to spot how the generally supposed mistake is most closely similar to one from its training inputs.”（然后，该软件会检查用户的文字:如果有一行词看起来不符合语法，它会试图找出通常认为的错误是如何与训练输入的错误最相似的。）得知，这里讲述了该软件可以做些什么，所以前面是添加其他的的功能，故F项：开发人员还向Grammarty自学的模式中添加了某些规则。符合语境。故选F。【37题详解】根据空格后“Advances in language technology have been impressi
89、ve in, for example, speech recognition, which involves another sort of statistical guesswhether or not a stretch of sound matches a certain line of words. ”（语言技术的进步令人印象深刻，例如，语音识别，它涉及到另一种统计猜测一段声音是否与某一行单词匹配。）得知，本段讲述了人工智能与人类的不同，故E项：在纯数学可以解决的问题上，计算机的速度超过了人类。符合语境。故选E。【38题详解】根据空格后“ It can rate the tone of
90、 an email before you send it, after being trained on texts that have been assessed by humans, for example as “admiring” or “confident”. ”（在你发送电子邮件之前，它可以对邮件的语气进行评估，之前它会使用经过人类评估的文本进行训练，比如 “赞赏”或“自信”。）得知，空后是对Grammarly的一个功能的解释，故B项：Grammarly的一个功能非常有效，那就是感知分析。符合语境。故选B。【39题详解】根据空格后“Computers can analyse gra
91、mmatical sentences fairly well, labeling things like nouns and verb phrases. But they struggle with sentences that are difficult to analyse, precisely because they are ungrammaticalin other words, written by the kind of person who needs Grammarly.”（计算机可以很好地分析符合语法的句子，给像名词和动词短语这样的东西贴上标签。但是他们在难以分析的句子中挣
92、扎，恰恰是因为它们不符合语法换句话说，是由那种需要Grammarly的人写的。）得知，空后讲述了计算机和人类比较所不能做到的，故G项：在这个决定性的结构与意义的联系上，机器不是人类的对手。符合语境。故选G。【40题详解】根据空格后“But computers dont work in meaning or intention, they work in formulae（惯用语）. ”（但计算机不是在意义上或意图上工作，而是在公式中工作。）得知，前后表示转折，后面说到计算机不能理解作者的意图，前面是写作需要了解作者意图。故C项：纠正这样的写作需要知道作者的意图。符合语境。故选C。【点睛】第三部
93、分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When I was little and something difficult happened,I would look to my mother for comfort and guidance. She was always there for me, helping me _41_the issue.No matter what,my mom had a _42_outlook (人生观)At the time, I had
94、no knowledge of the difficulties and _43_she had experienced. Growing up during the Great Depression, my mom lost two sisters and had to _44_her paraplegic (下身瘫痪的)youngest sister.To me, my mother defines resilience (快速恢复的能力).She had such strong faith and was a very _45_and positive person. Our house
95、 was like a central hub (核心)for family and friends; no one ever left hungry or without feeling a bit _46_than they did when they arrived.As a child, one thing my mother would often say to me was, “this too shall pass. At first, I found this _47_ .What I was dealing with seemed like the most_48_thing
96、 ever! How would it get better? As I matured, I_49_she was right. Life moves on and we all have a_50_to move forward or back. She always chose to move forward.“This too shall pass doesnt mean that the problem will magically_51_. Rather, it can lead to a very reflective thought process that _52_you t
97、o find inner strength to_53_the challenge at hand.So as you face difficulties and challenges. I _54_my mothers advice will help you choose to move forward, find_55_and make the best of what life has to offer.41. A. work throughB. believe inC. focus onD. worry about42. A. simpleB. similarC. positiveD
98、. new43. A. shameB. lossesC. argumentsD. competition44. A. remindB. trustC. respectD. support45. A. differentB. interestingC. givingD. normal46. A. saferB. busierC. smarterD. better47. A. annoyingB. frighteningC. surprisingD. appealing48. A. enjoyableB. difficultC. boringD. valuable49. A. realizedB.
99、 imaginedC. doubtedD. expected50. A. rightB. choiceC. responsibilityD. way51. A. changeB. developC. disappearD. continue52. A. forcesB. helpsC. warmsD. persuades53. A. answerB. acceptC. understandD. address54. A. agreeB. wonderC. hopeD. remember55. A. solutionsB. challengesC. resultsD. purposes【答案】4
100、1. A 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. C 55. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者遇到困难和挑战时，母亲总是会说“This too shall pass”来鼓励作者继续前进，克服困难和挑战，充分利用生活所能提供的一切。【41题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。 句意：她总是在我身边，帮我解决问题。A. work through解决，克服；B. believe in相信；C. focus on关注；D. worry about担心。根据前文“I would loo
101、k to my mother for comfort and guidance. ”可知，因为作者会会向母亲寻求安慰和指导，所以此处指母亲会帮助我解决问题。故选A。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，我妈妈都是乐观的。A. simple简单的；B. similar相似的；C. positive乐观的，积极的；D. new新的。根据后文“She had such strong faith and was a very 5and positive person. ”可知，作者的妈妈是一个乐观的人。故选C。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时，我并不知道她所经历的困难和损失。A.
102、 shame羞愧；B. losses损失；C. arguments争论；D. competition竞争。根据空前“ the difficulties”可知，空处需用名词losses与之并列，表示母亲经历的困难和损失。故选B。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我母亲成长于大萧条时期，她失去了两个妹妹，不得不赡养截瘫的妹妹。A. remind提醒；B. trust相信；C. respect尊重；D. support支持,赡养。根据后文“her paraplegic (下身瘫痪的)youngest sister.”可知，此处指母亲不得不赡养下身瘫痪的妹妹。故选D。【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨
103、析。句意：她有着坚定的信念，是一个非常乐于助人和积极的人。A.different不同的；B.interesting有趣的；C. giving乐于助人的；D. normal正常的。对比空后“and positive person.”和句意可知，作者母亲是一个乐于助人而且积极向上的人。故选C。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的房子就像家人和朋友的中心;离开时，没有人会感到饥饿，或者感觉比刚来的时候好一点。A. safer更安全的；B. busier更忙碌的；C. smarter更聪明的；D. better更好的。根据前文“Our house was like a central hub
104、 (核心)for family and friends;”可知，因为房子就像家人和朋友的中心，所以离开时感觉比刚来时好一些。故选D。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我觉得这很烦人。A. annoying烦人的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据后文“ How would it get better?”可知，作者对母亲说的这句话“this too shall pass.”感到厌烦。故选A。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我正在处理的事情似乎是有史以来最困难的事情！A. enjoyable令人
105、愉快的；B. difficult困难的；C. boring无聊的；D. valuable珍贵的。根据后文“How would it get better?”可知，作者询问如何变得更好，由此可知，作者遇到了困难的事情。故选B。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我成熟后，我意识到她是对的。A. realized意识到；B. imagined想象；C. doubted怀疑；D. expected期待。根据前文“As I matured”可知，作者成熟后，意识到母亲做的事情是对的。故选A。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活在继续，我们都有前进或后退的选择。A.right权力；B.choi
106、ce选择；C.responsibility责任；D.way方法。根据后文“She always chose to move forward.”可知，此处指在生活中的选择。故选B。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这也会过去”并不意味着问题会神奇地消失。A.change改变；B. develop发展；C. disappear消失；D. continue继续。结合妈妈说的这句话“This too shall pass”可知，此处指问题不会神奇地消失。故选C。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，它可以导致一个非常反思的思维过程，帮助你找到内在的力量来应对手头的挑战。A. forces强
107、迫；B. helps帮助；C. warms使变暖；D. persuades说服。根据前文“it can lead to a very reflective thought process”可知，此处指形成一个思维过程帮助你。故选B。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.answer回答；B.accept接受；C.understand明白；D.address处理，应对。根据后文“the challenge at hand”可知，此处指应对挑战。故选D。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我母亲的建议能帮助你选择前进，找到解决办法，充分利用生活所能提供的一切。A.agree同意；
108、B.wonder想知道；C.hope希望；D.remember记得。根据前文“So as you face difficulties and challenges.”可知，作者表示当面对困难和挑战时，希望母亲的建议会有帮助。故选C。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.solutions解决方案；B.challenges挑战；C.results结果；D.purposes目的。结合前一句可知，此处指找到应对困难和挑战的解决方案。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In 1985, there was l
109、ittle rainfall in Ethiopia, which _56_(lead) to poor harvests and the death of many of the countrys cattle. Bob Geldof organized a charity concert to help the victims. In wrestling with the dilemma of worldwide hunger, the United Nations set up an agency, _57_(call)the World Food Programme.Today, so
110、me developing countries in Africa, Asia and South America still need help in order not to fall further behind. The sad truth is that_58_(mere) sending loaves of bread is far from enough.There is _59_saying that goes,Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man_60_(fish), and you feed h
111、im for the rest of his life. In a bid to find a permanent solution to this long-term problem, countries need to develop._61_developing countries need most is to stop_62_(poor) by fighting the causes of it. Another way to help is through the development of private enterprise along with job training.
112、Finally. we must remember that the future of a country lies in the hands of_63_(it)children.A lot is being done, _64_ we cannot pretend that the fight is over. _65_(great) efforts need to be made so that people all over the world live better lives.【答案】56. led 57. called 58. merely 59 a 60. to fish 6
113、1. What 62. poverty 63. its 64. yet# but 65. Greater【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述是一些发展中国家需要帮助，要让全世界人民过上更好的生活，还需要作出更大的努力。【56题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：1985年，埃塞俄比亚几乎没有降雨，这导致了歉收和该国许多牲畜的死亡。由In 1985可知，句子时态是一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去式，故填led。【57题详解】考查过去分词。句意：为了解决世界范围内的饥饿问题，联合国成立了一个叫做世界粮食计划署的机构。分析可知，句中谓语是set up，空格处用非谓语形式，agency和call之间是被
114、动关系，因此空格处用过去分词，表被动，作后置定语，故填called。【58题详解】考查副词。句意：可悲的事实是，仅仅送面包是远远不够的。空格处用副词修饰动词sending，mere的副词是merely，意为“仅仅”，故填merely。【59题详解】考查冠词。句意：俗话说，“给人一条鱼，你可以喂他一天。”saying意为“谚语，格言”，是可数名词，此处表泛指，前面需加冠词，saying是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。【60题详解】考查固定短语。句意：教一个人捕鱼，他就能过一辈子。teach sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“教某人做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to fish，
115、故填to fish。【61题详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意：发展中国家最需要的是消除贫困的根源。分析可知，空格处引导主语从句，从句中缺少need的宾语，且指代事物，因此用引导词what，位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。【62题详解】考查名词。句意：发展中国家最需要的是消除贫困的根源。空格处用名词作stop的宾语，poor的名词是poverty，意为“贫困”，是不可数名词，故填poverty。【63题详解】考查物主代词。句意：最后，我们必须记住，一个国家的未来掌握在孩子们的手中。根据语境可知，句子表示“一个国家的未来掌握在它的孩子们的手中”，因此空格处是“它的”，即its，是形容词性物主代
116、词，作定语，故填its。【64题详解】考查连词。句意：许多工作正在做，但我们不能假装战斗已经结束。分析可知，A lot is being done和we cannot pretend that the fight is over是转折关系，因此空格处用表示转折的连词yet/ but，故填yet/ but。【65题详解】考查比较级。句意：要让全世界人民过上更好的生活，还需要作出更大的努力。根据语境可知，句子表示“要让全世界人民过上更好的生活，还需要作出更大的努力”，因此空格处需用比较级，即greater，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Greater。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分1
117、5分）66. 假如你是某中学学生会主席李津。请结合最近网上广为流传的“珠峰大本营将无限期关闭”的消息以及官方最新“珠穆朗玛峰自然保护区将继续有条件开放，依法合规的登山活动仍可进行”的回应，以学生会身份，用英文在学校英文周刊上写一封倡议书，号召大家做文明登山者，关爱珠峰脆弱的自然环境。内容须包括： 不乱扔垃圾，注意垃圾分类。 保护动植物，拒绝买卖野生动物制品。 未获登山许可，不要擅自前往。注意： 请使用规范英语，词数不少于100词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 可适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯 。参考词汇：珠穆朗玛峰自然保护区Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserv
118、eDear Schoolmates,Local authorities have recently denied the claim that Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserve was permanently closed. Meanwhile the government has called on everyones attention to the present situation. _Thank you！The Students Union【答案】Dear Schoolmates, Dear Schoolmates, Local authorities
119、have recently denied the claim that Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserve was permanently closed. Meanwhile the government has called on everyones attention to the present situation. In order to protect the sensitive environment there, we are supposed to take the following measures. Firstly, when particip
120、ating in outdoor activities, do not throw plastic bags or bottles about. It is better to sort them and collect them back to the city for proper treatment. Secondly, take good care of the wildlife. In case of illegal hunting or selling, say no to the purchase or report it immediately. Thirdly, you ca
121、n not go inside the reserve to climb the mountains without permission. In a nutshell, it is high time that we should contribute to the protection of Mount Qomolangma National Nature Reserve. Please join us to get the nature reserve better and better!Thank you!The Students Union【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。要求写一篇倡
122、议书。【详解】根据提示信息，假如你是某中学学生会主席李津。请结合最近网上广为流传的“珠峰大本营将无限期关闭”的消息以及官方最新“珠穆朗玛峰自然保护区将继续有条件开放，依法合规的登山活动仍可进行”的回应，以学生会身份，用英文在学校英文周刊上写一封倡议书，号召大家做文明登山者，关爱珠峰脆弱的自然环境。1.首先注意时态以一般现在时为主，其次人称使用第二人称。2.根据文章的写作要求，可以分为三大段;第一段告知大家不乱扔垃圾，注意垃圾分类；第二段倡议大家保护动植物，拒绝买卖野生动物制品；第三段告知大家未获登山许可，不要擅自前往。3. 注意使用高级词汇和句式，为文章增添色彩；注意使用连接词、衔接词，使文章
123、自然、流畅。【点睛】本文内容完整，语言表述流畅。文章使用了几个高分句型：1. Local authorities have recently denied the claim that Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserve was permanently closed. 这是个that引导的同位语从句。 2. when participating in outdoor activities, do not throw plastic bags or bottles about. 此句是when引导的时间状语从句，且使用了省略。 3. it is high time t
124、hat we should contribute to the protection of Mount Qomolangma National Nature Reserve. it is high time that是个固定句型，意思是“真该做某事的时候了”。第二节（满分25分）67. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。“Want to go to the pool tomorrow?” Rosa asked Stephanie during recess. The pool at the YMCA was one of
125、their favorite places, where they learnt and practiced swimming.Rosa and Stephanie did everything together. They rode the school bus together. They sat together during lunch. They took dance lessons together and they even went to the same summer camp. Their classmates called them “twins”. They were
126、best friends. Most of the time.Sometimes, though, when Stephanie was with other friends, she ignored Rosa or treated her like a little kid, even though they were the same age. Rosa and Stephanie had played together since they were babies, but sometimes Stephanie didnt act like a friend.Today was one
127、 of those times.“Sorry. Im already going to the pool,” Stephanie said. “Toni and Vanessa and I are going.” She gave a broad smile, but in Rosas eyes, it wasnt her nice smile. Saying nothing more, she walked straight away to join Toni and Vanessa, and Rosa was left standing alone, with her face burne
128、d and an angry tension coming into her limbs.After school, at dance class, Stephanie talked and giggled with the other dancers as they stretched in front of the mirror. When Rosa came in, Stephanie didnt say hello to her, but just another smile. Rosa hesitated for a while about whether she should jo
129、in them, but she still felt too upset.Then she noticed Kiara, the new girl. Rosa joined her and began stretching, too. Kiara smiled and Rosa smiled back. The two girls began to talk. Rosa discovered that Kiara was not the quiet girl she had thought she was. Kiara talked a lot about her little brothe
130、r, about the tree house her uncle had built and even about swimming. “I love swimming,” Kiara said. “I will hold a pool part at the YMCA. Would you like to come?” “Yes. Its awesome.” Rosa responded. She tried not to check the mirror to see if Stephanie had noticed. She hoped Stephanie felt left out.
131、注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。After the dance class, when Rosa boarded the bus, Stephanie was waiting in their usual seat._When Rosa saw Stephanie in low spirits, her heart sank._【答案】After the dance lesson, when Rosa boarded the bus, Stephanie was waiting in their usual seat. Seeing Rosa, S
132、tephanie quickly moved her backpack off the seat to make room for her. But Rosa walked past and slid into the empty seat next to Kiara. They were talking about the pool party when Stephanie went over. “Do you still want to go swimming tonight?” Stephanie asked. “Im already going,” she said without l
133、ooking up. “Kiara and I are going together.” Rosa smiled. Stephanie nodded and looked at her feet.When Rosa saw Stephanie in low spirits, her heart sank. Getting even didnt feel the way she had expected. She could walk away with her new friend and not look back. But when she saw Stephanies watery ey
134、es, her heart beat painfully. Maybe we could all go together.” Rosa said. Stephanies face lit up. “Im sorry for ignoring you. Thank you for your tolerance.” Stephanie said. Rosa gave her a hug and said, “I was too sensitive. Thank you for your tolerance, too.” The two girls smiled at each other, whi
135、ch was their nice smile.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Rosa和Stephanie是从小到大的好朋友，但有时Stephanie表现得不像朋友，有一天Rosa问Stephanie要不要一起去基督教青年会的游泳池游泳，Stephanie说她去过了就不去了，这让Rosa很尴尬；之后在舞蹈课上Rosa结识了新来的女孩Kiara，Rosa邀请Kiara一起去游泳，想以此来报复Stephanie。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“舞蹈课结束后，Rosa登上公共汽车时，Stephanie正在她们平常的座位上等着。”可知，第一段可描写Stephanie为Rosa腾位
136、置，但Rosa并未坐在Stephanie身旁，而是与Kiara坐在了一起，Stephanie问Rosa还去不去游泳，Rosa说她和Kiara一起去，Stephanie很失落。由第二段首句内容“当Rosa看到Stephanie情绪低落时，她的心一沉。”可知，第二段可描写看到失落的Stephanie，Rosa并没有报复的快感，Rosa邀请Stephanie一起去游泳，最后两个女孩和解，露出美丽的笑容。2.续写线索：座位问话失落释然和好笑容3.词汇激活行为类迅速移开背包：quickly moved her backpack off / swiftly moved her backpack off走过
137、去：went over / walked over不回头：not look back / not turn her head情绪类心跳得很痛苦：beat painfully / beat bitterly露出喜色：lit up / brightened up【点睛】高分句型1. Seeing Rosa, Stephanie quickly moved her backpack off the seat to make room for her.（用了现在分词短语作状语）高分句型2. The two girls smiled at each other, which was their nice smile.（用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
