1、单元素养评价(一)Unit 1(120分钟150分)第一部分听力 (共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text 1W: Should I take a taxi or a bus to the town center? M: You can take either, but the train goes directly there. Its cheaper, too. W: Th
2、anks. Ill do that instead. 1. How will the woman go to the town center? A. By train. B. By bus. C. By taxi. 答案: AText 2M: Where did you get that book, Susie? I dont remember buying it for you. W: Deborah lent it to me. Everyone wants to read it. I have to give it to Hannah after finishing. 2. Whose
3、book does Susie have? A. Hannahs. B. Her mothers. C. Deborahs. 答案: CText 3W: Would you please help me scan this picture into the computer? M: Yes. But why dont you do it by yourself? W: I dont know how. To tell you the truth, I just want to learn from you. 3. What will the man do next? A. Help the w
4、oman scan the picture. B. Buy the woman a computer. C. Tell the woman a secret. 答案: AText 4M: What do you think of my new tie? It is on sale for only $100. W: On sale for $100? I cant imagine what the regular price might be! I dont think Ive ever spent that much on a single item before. 4. What does
5、 the woman mean? A. She never buys the things on sale. B. The tie the man bought is expensive. C. The man has got a good bargain. 答案: BText 5M: Finally Im done with this math test. Im going to make the most of my free time. W: So, youre going to Henrys picnic? M: No, Im going to visit the library. I
6、ve reserved a study room, and there are science experts available there all weekend. 5. What will the boy probably do this weekend? A. Learn about science. B. Have a picnic. C. Study math by himself. 答案: A第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间
7、阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。Text 6M: Hello, Kate! How are you? W: Fine, thanks. And you and Jane? M: Oh, were fine. How long are you staying? W: Just a couple of days, and then Ill be back to work in Tokyo. M: What a pity youre not staying in London for a bit longe
8、r! How about having dinner together tonight? W: Id love to, but I am going to see some customers from Oxford this evening. What about tomorrow? M: That will be lovely. Jane will be so pleased to see you. 6. Where does the woman work? A. In Tokyo. B. In London. C. In Oxford. 答案: A7. What are the spea
9、kers going to do together tomorrow? A. Visit Jane. B. Have dinner. C. See customers. 答案: B听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。Text 7M: Hi, Kathy. Any plans for tonight? W: Not yet, Frank. I was wondering where to go for dinner. M: But I thought you always eat at the school. W: Most of the time I do. But on weekends, Id
10、 like to go out. Any suggestions? M: Well, a new restaurant opened recently. I went there last Wednesday. Its so great. W: In what way? M: They offered food as well as music show. W: Music show? M: Yeah. You know, songs, dances. W: Sounds good. When does it start? M: At 8 pm. And it will last an hou
11、r. W: How wonderful! Whats their menu like? M: They offer food of different kinds. You know, Japanese food, French food, Indian food . . . W: Great. I like French food. I think Id better reserve a table for 3 at 6, and then we can stay for the show. 8. When does the conversation most probably take p
12、lace? A. On Monday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Saturday. 答案: C9. When will the music be over? A. At 8 pm. B. At 9 pm. C. At 10 pm. 答案: B听第8段材料, 回答第1012题。Text 8W: Good morning! Can I help you? M: Im going to rent a one-bedroom apartment near the bus station. W: Im afraid there are only two available for
13、you. The first apartment is well-furnished and modern. Its very neat and clean. It has a bedroom, a kitchen, a bathroom and a large living room. Its in the Bridge Street and there it is very quiet. M: So what about the rent? W: The owner is asking $700 a month for it. M: Thats a little expensive. So
14、 what about the other one? W: Well, compared to the first one, the second one has less furniture. Its near a school, so its likely to be a little bit noisy. But the good news is that its in the Baker Street and just a short walk from the Green Park. M: Whats the rent, then? W：Its only $500 a month.
15、The point is that rents in that area are usually up to $600 a month. M: Its really a bargain. But I think Ill look at the first one. 10. Where does the man want to rent an apartment? A. Near the school. B. Near the park. C. Near the bus station. 答案: C11. What doesnt the man like about the first apar
16、tment? A. The traffic is not convenient. B. The rent is a little bit high. C. The living room is small. 答案: B12. What is the monthly rent for the second apartment? A. $500. B. $600. C. $700. 答案: A听第9段材料, 回答第1316题。Text 9W: Hello, Peter, how is your job? Are you as busy as ever before? M: I quit my jo
17、b last month. W: You quit your job? Are you dissatisfied with the salary? M: Well, the salary was acceptable, but I was under great pressure. W: Thats a problem. Then what will you do to support yourself? M: I found a part-time job last week. I draw cartoons for a famous magazine. W: Wonderful! I kn
18、ow youre an expert in drawing; youre made for this job. M: But its only a part-time job. I have to find a full-time job. W: You know my brother works in a publishing house and they want to find some new employees. M：Can you refer me to your brother? I want to try my luck. W: No problem. But as far a
19、s I know, you must submit your personal information first. Then they will arrange an interview for you. M: All right, then how can I meet your brother? W：I will invite him to my house tonight. If youre free, you can come. Lets make it 7 pm. M：OK, Ill be there on time. 13. Why did the man quit his pr
20、esent job? A. He was offered another better position. B. The salary was not reasonable. C. He couldnt bear the pressure of the job. 答案: C14. What does the woman say about the man? A. He is quite good at drawing cartoons. B. He should try his luck at the famous magazine. C. He should quit his job in
21、the publishing house. 答案: A15. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Give her personal information to him. B. Invite the womans brother to his house. C. Introduce him to the womans brother. 答案: C16. Where will the man be tonight? A. In the womans house. B. In the publishing house. C. At the famo
22、us magazine. 答案: A听第10段材料, 回答第1720题。Text 10M: There has never been a better time to become a Disneyland season pass holder! Not only will you and your family be able to enjoy full access to Disneyland Park and Disneys California Adventure Park, but you can also take advantage of a variety of seasona
23、l benefits. There are three types of passes you can buy. Our Deluxe Pass costs $619 per year, and gives you full access to both parks on select days of the year, as well as a 10 percent discount in our restaurants and gift shops. Our mid-level pass, the Signature Pass, costs $849 and includes a 15 p
24、ercent discount in our restaurants and stores. It also includes free parking! Keep in mind that both the Deluxe and Signature Passes include dates that you cannot visit the park. Those dates include holidays and popular weekends. Finally, with our Signature Plus Pass, which costs $1, 049, you can vi
25、sit the park at any day of the year without limits, including any weekend or holiday! It gives you all the benefits of the Deluxe and Signature Passes as well. No matter which pass you decide to buy, if you purchase it between now and November 30, your pass will include an extra month for free. That
26、 means 13 months for the price of 12! Monthly payment plans are available for Californian residents. Please visit our website for more information. 17. How much of a discount do Deluxe Pass buyers get? A. 10 percent off. B. 12 percent off. C. 15 percent off. 答案: A18. What is the cost of the three pl
27、ans? A. $619, $819 and $1, 019. B. $649, $849 and $1, 049. C. $619, $849 and $1, 049. 答案: C19. What will the members receive if they pay before November 30? A. Seasonal discounts. B. One free month. C. Free parking passes. 答案: B20. Who can pay for the membership on a month-to-month plan? A. People w
28、ho live in California. B. People who purchase the Signature Pass. C. People who buy the Signature Plus Pass. 答案: A第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)ACity: HangzhouLaunched: 2008Size: 2, 965 stations/ 69, 750 bikesPrice: $32. 61 deposit(押金)+ time chargeWhile taking a look at this city,
29、you may see the best bike sharing in the world. As the second on the planet by size, the Hangzhou Public Bicycle System is one of the most common and useful shares, largely because its combined with public transportation: a single card can be used in subway, bus, taxi and bike sharing. Residents and
30、 tourists can put down a deposit of 200 Chinese Yuan (about $33)and ride for an hour for free in this scenic city. Each additional hour costs only $0. 15. It was also the first new-generation bike-sharing system in China. By 2021 its projected to have 175, 000 bikes. City: BarcelonaLaunched: 2007Siz
31、e: 420 stations/ 6, 000 bikesPrice: $61. 93 per yearBarcelonas Bicycling Program developed Spains bike-sharing business in a big way. This program took off like wildfire on wheels, and became four times bigger in one year. It inspired different copycat programs all over the country. Today, Spain has
32、 132 bike-sharing systems. The program is one of the worlds most respected and popular shares. But it is only open to residents and tourists are not allowed to use it. City: ParisLaunched: 2007Size: 1, 751 stations/ 23, 900 bikesPrice: $38. 52 per year/ $2. 26 per dayPariss bike-sharing is the star
33、of the world. Launched in 2007, it is the worlds largest outside of China. Cheap by American standards, you can ride around Paris on a 1. 7 day passthe first half hour of each trip is free. Because this system covers the city with an average of 50 stations per square mile, its a favourite with both
34、locals and tourists. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了杭州、巴塞罗那、巴黎三个城市的共享单车系统及其规模, 收费情况和使用情况等。21. What do we know about Barcelonas Bicycling Program? A. It has driven the development of Spains bike-sharing. B. It has once been ruined by fire accidents. C. It is popular among travellers. D. It consists of 175, 000 bi
35、kes. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据City: Barcelona中的第一句Barcelonas Bicycling Program developed Spains bike-sharing business in a big way可知巴塞罗那的单车项目极大地开发了西班牙的共享单车产业。故选A。22. How much should you pay to ride a shared bike in Paris? A. Nothing for an hour. B. $61. 93 per year. C. $2. 26 per day. D. $1. 7 per day. 【解析】选C
36、。细节理解题。根据City: Paris中的价格Price: $38. 52 per year/ $2. 26 per day可知, 巴黎的共享单车收费为每天2. 26美元。故选C。23. What do the Hangzhou Public Bicycle System and Pariss bike sharing have in common? A. They are open to both locals and tourists. B. The have the same amount of stations. C. They were founded in the same ye
37、ar. D. They require a deposit of over $30. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据City: Hangzhou中的第三句 Residents and tourists can put down a deposit of 200 Chinese Yuan (about $33)and ride for an hour for free in this scenic city; 以及City: Paris部分中的最后一句 its a favourite with both locals and tourists. 可知Hangzhou Public Bicycle
38、 System 和 Pariss bike sharing都对本地居民和外来游客开放。故选A。B(2021北京高二检测)Our human ancestors may have been sophisticated(老练的) tool users 1. 76 million years ago. Newly discovered hand axes from that period are the oldest examples of the complex Acheulean culture, 350, 000 years older than the previous record hol
39、ders. These ancient tools could affect what we know about humanitys departure from Africa. “Anthropologists consider the Acheulean hand axes to be the culture of our ancestor Homo erectus, and we know Homo erectus first evolved around 1. 8 or 2 million years ago, ”study researcher Christopher Lepre
40、of Columbia University said. “I think most researchers were anticipating that older stone axes would be found. ”And now theyve found them. Multiple examples of these Acheulean hand axes, which were made from chipped volcanic rock from a nearby stream, were found at a site on the shore of Lake Turkan
41、a in Kenya. The excavation team, led by Helene Roche from the Universit de Paris in France, surveyed five sites in the area and found tools from an older culture of tool use, the Oldowan culture, with varying degrees of sophistication. The Oldowan tools that the researchers discovered were crude sto
42、ne flakes, sharpened to the edge. The Acheulean hand axes, on the other hand, have a defined teardrop or oval shape. Lepre said this indicates that Homo erectus had the ability to conceptualize the size and shape of the tool in their minds, and then reproduce it out of stone. The axe blades were hel
43、d in the hand and were probably used to butcher zebras or giraffes, to break bones and scrape hides, or as digging tools to reach vegetables such as potatoes. The study appears in Thursdays issue of the journal Nature. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。人类学家发现, 我们的祖先们使用工具比我们想象的早得多。 24. According to the new discovery, o
44、ur ancestors used tools years earlier than the previous record holders. A. 1. 76 millionB. 2 millionC. 350 thousandD. 167 thousand【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的“. . . 350, 000 years older than the previous record holders. ”可知C项是正确的。25. The Acheulean hand axes discovered were made from . A. volcanic rock from K
45、enyaB. big stones from FranceC. bronze made in AmericaD. crude stone flakes from Africa【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段的“. . . Acheulean hand axes, which were made from chipped volcanic rock from. . . Lake Turkana in Kenya. ”可知, 阿舍利文化时期的手斧是用来自肯尼亚的火山岩做成的。所以选A项。【名师点津】以上两题均属于直接信息题, 即考生可以在原文中直接找到答案的细节理解题, 常用who, what
46、, when, where, why和how等疑问词提问, 这类题目主要考查原文中的时间、地点、人物等信息。考生可以采取“关键词定位法”, 即“带着问题找答案”。即先从题干中提取关键性词语(题眼), 然后以此为线索, 运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句, 快速定位该题与哪一段哪一句有关, 然后仔细推敲, 仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别, 在准确理解细节的前提下, 最后确定答案。26. The underlined word “this” in the fifth paragraph refers to . A. the Acheulean hand axesB
47、. the stone axes sharpened to the edgeC. the Oldowan tools made from crude stone flakesD. the defined teardrop or oval shape of the Acheulean hand axes【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“The Acheulean hand axes, on the other hand, have a defined teardrop or oval shape. ”可知, D项符合题意。27. The text is most likely to be
48、 found in a book about . A. nature scienceB. historical events C. successful peopleD. political systems【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句话“The study appears in Thursdays issue of the journal Nature. ”可知, 这篇文章最可能在一本关于自然科学的书中被发现。故A项符合题意。B项“历史事件”; C项“成功人士”; D项“政治体系”, 本文与这三项并无关联, 故都可以排除。CQue Liu and his wife Si En s
49、pend their mornings picking Puer leaves in a forest not far from their village in the highlands of southwest China. Puer is a kind of tea that is famous for its complex taste. Tea lovers say its taste changes with each following steeping (浸泡). But the crop this year has been small at Nannuoshan, one
50、 of the six major Puer mountains in Yunnan Province. The hottest weather and lowest rainfall totals in years have reduced production. “Drought has cut production by about half this spring, ” said Zi Sai, the son of Que Liu and Si En. Local officials blame climate change for an increase in drought-li
51、ke conditions in recent years. The dry weather has worsened over the past 20 years, with this years drought breaking some records. “The entire rainfall pattern has changed due to global warming, ” said Xiao Chan, head of weather services at Chinas National Climate Center in Beijing. Puer trees grow
52、in the cloud-covered forests of Yunnan. The trees require no fertilizers or pesticides (农药), unlike the tea trees grown on large farms elsewhere. The adult plant normally reaches a height of four meters. Spring produces the highest-quality leaves from the trees. The summer harvest, with a higher per
53、centage of water, is considered to be lower in quality. Summer leaves are sold for mass consumption. The drought conditions hurt the economy of the 32 villages of Nannuoshan. “My family depends wholly on Puer tea for survival, earning about 200, 000 yuan a year, ” said Zi Sais uncle, Si Da, who is 4
54、4. “That represents just over 28, 000 yuan. This year, our income has been cut by tens of thousands of yuan. ”While one ancient tree, said to date from 800 years ago, survived the drought, other younger trees did not. “If these kinds of trees survive, they may need three to five years for a full rec
55、overy. ” Si Da added. “These trees are quite pitiful. They should have been protected like children. ”【文章大意】本文是说明文。今年云南普洱茶产地六大名山之一的南糯山的产茶量很低。多年来炎热的天气和最低的降雨量导致产量减少。今年春天, 干旱使茶叶的产量减少了大约一半。28. How is the climate in the Puer tea planting areas in recent years? A. It is too wet. B. It is much colder. C. I
56、t is changing regularly. D. It is becoming much drier. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Local officials blame climate change for an increase in drought-like conditions in recent years. 可知, 当地官员把近年来类似干旱的情况增加归咎于气候变化。由此可知, 近年来普洱茶种植区的气候越来越干燥。故选D。29. Whats the advantage of Puer trees in the cloud-covered forests com
57、pared with the tea trees planted on other big farms? A. They are short and small. B. They are pollution-free. C. They grow on large farms. D. They are picked at all seasons. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中Puer trees grow in the cloud-covered forests of Yunnan. The trees require no fertilizers or pesticides, unl
58、ike the tea trees grown on large farms elsewhere. 可知, 生长在云南云雾缭绕的森林里的普洱树, 与生长在其他地方的大型农场的茶树相比, 此树不需要肥料或农药。由此可知, 与其他大农场种植的茶树相比, 普洱树的一大优势是绿色无污染。故选B。30. What does Si Da think of the younger tea trees? A. They were easy to live on. B. They should have been taken good care of. C. They took only a short tim
59、e to fully recover. D. They had better be cut down to earn money. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“These trees are quite pitiful. They should have been protected like children. ”可知, 这些树真可怜。他们本应该像孩子一样受到保护。由此可推知, Si Da认为更幼年的茶树应该得到很好的照顾。故选B。31. What is the main idea of the text? A. The extreme weather ruins tea
60、 farms. B. Famous tea in China might disappear. C. Few tea trees survive natural disasters. D. Drought hurts Puer tea crops in China. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第二段第四句可知多年来最热的天气和最低的降雨量减少了产量; 根据第三段第一句可知当地官员指责气候变化导致了近年来干旱状况的增加, 以及根据第五段第一句可知干旱状况损害了南糯山32个村庄的经济。可知, 文章谈论的是干旱损害了中国普洱茶的产量。故选D。DIt is said that many brain
61、 training products is able to keep us mentally fit. Some products even claim that brain training can prevent dementia (痴呆) in old age. Many such products are only money-making rubbish. Also, there is no scientific proof that games or other brain exercises can have this effect. That is what the Germa
62、n Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) pointed out. As we get older, our thinking gets slower and it is harder for us to learn new things. Many people try to stay mentally fit by, for example, learning a new language or doing crossword puzzles. Computer games that aim to keep
63、the brain active are also becoming increasingly popular. “Doing exercises like trying to find symbols on a computer screen as fast as possible can actually improve your reaction time, ” explains Professor Peter Sawicki, the Institutes Director. “But scientific studies have shown that brain training
64、only leads to an improvement in one aspect that it is aimed at. So if you learn to find symbols quickly, it does not mean that you will be able to improve your memory. ”Research has not shown that brain training can keep up or enhance (加强) peoples overall (全面的) mental abilities as commonly thought.
65、“So there is no need to feel bad if you do not enjoy brain training: there are no health reasons for doing it, ” says Sawicki. “But if you think brain training exercises are interesting, you can try out different things. For example, completing the order of letters can improve your logic skills. And
66、 practicing word association techniques can help you to remember things better. You can do all of these things at home on your own. ”【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。研究发现大脑训练并不会像人们认为的那样能提升人的大脑能力。32. What can we learn about the brain training products according to the passage? A. They are expensive. B. They are effecti
67、ve. C. They are harmful to the brain. D. They are unreliable【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段三、四句可知, 很多这样的产品都是只为了赚钱的垃圾。而且, 没有科学证据可以证明这些游戏或大脑锻炼有这种功效。可推知, 本文作者认为大脑训练产品是不可靠的, 因为没有科学证据证明它们有用。故选D。33. According to Peter Sawicki, brain training exercises can. A. only improve a certain ability of peopleB. help all people
68、improve their memoryC. keep the brain active for a longer timeD. only improve your reaction time【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知, 研究表明大脑训练只能使其所针对的一个方面得到改善, 所以, 如果你学会了快速寻找图像, 这并不意味着你就能提高你的记忆能力。可推知, Peter Sawicki认为大脑训练只能改善人的某一项能力。故选A。34. The last paragraph shows that brain training exercises should be done. A
69、. when you cant learn new thingsB. in a relaxing wayC. under strict instructionsD. when your thinking gets much slower【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段二三句可知, Sawicki认为做大脑训练时应该放松, 不要想太多, 如果觉得有趣就做, 如果觉得不喜欢就不做。故选B。35. On the whole, researchers think that brain training exercises. A. arent as effective as commonly
70、thoughtB. are just designed for young people to have funC. may benefit people in some indirect waysD. shouldnt be encouraged【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句可知, 研究还没有表明大脑训练可以像通常认为的那样保持或加强人们的整体智能。可推知, 研究人员认为大脑训练没有人们通常认为的那样有效。故选A。第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)People have always wanted to know what the future wil
71、l look like. Then, how can we? 36The world has changed a lot in the last 150 years, but we humans are driven by the same basic needs as we were 150 years ago, such as food, sleep, the feeling of being appreciated and loved. 37 No. In addition, generally speaking, the inventions for the last 150 year
72、s have been a human effort for freedom and communication, to be able to get in control of the time and world. Since there is still much to do in this area, this will be the focus at least for the next 150 years. But why do we need to predict the future? Predicting the future is important for two rea
73、sons: First, we need to start to think about what kind of future we would like for ourselves and to pass on to the next generation. 38How about the virtual worlds? It might be in the future to experience the sand between your toes, and hear the waves, just lying in your bed at home. 39So, even if a
74、great invention is there for an affordable price, itll never take the place of the common experience if it is not real. 40What well see in the next 50 years is the transition (过渡) from an oil-dependent society to a new society. Here therell be new medicine, continued exploration of space, challenges
75、 in the climate change, and new inventions that make life a little easier. A. Will this change in the next 150 years? B. So what will the future look like then? C. Predicting the future can help us in many ways. D. Well, to understand the future, you must know the past. E. However, youll never get t
76、he feeling of being there. F. However, no matter how real the experience will feel, it doesnt happen for real. G. Then we need to know what decisions we need to make today that will give the best result in the future. 【文章大意】人们总想知道未来会是什么样子的, 其实要想展望未来, 必须了解过去。不管世界如何变化, 人们的基本需求如食物、睡眠、被欣赏和被爱的感觉等不会改变, 未来
77、的虚拟世界也不会代替真实的世界。但是可以预知, 未来五十年里, 世界将从依靠石油的社会过渡到新的社会, 人们的生活会更好。36. 【解析】选D。 根据空处下文可知, 在过去的150年里, 世界发生了巨大的变化; 结合空前一句可推知, 空处承上启下, 说明我们想要展望未来, 就要了解过去, 故D项符合语境。37. 【解析】选A。 根据空前一句可知, 在过去的150年里, 人们的基本需求如食物、睡眠、被欣赏和被爱的感觉没有变化, 结合空后的“No”可知, 空处应是一个一般疑问句, 并与空前一句讲人的基本需求相呼应, 故A项符合语境。38. 【解析】选G。 根据该段第二句可知, 该段主要讲的是预知未
78、来的两个原因, 空前一句讲的是第一个原因, 即需要思考自己想要并传递给下一代的未来是什么样的, 据此可知, 空处陈述第二个原因, 即需要知道做出怎样的决定才能给未来带来最好的结果, 故G项正确。其中G项中的“Then we need to”与空前一句中的“First, we need to”相呼应。39. 【解析】选F。 根据空后一句可知, 即使一项重大发明的价格我们可以承受, 但是虚拟体验绝不会代替真实体验, 结合空处上文可推知, F项符合语境, 衔接上下文。40. 【解析】选B。 根据空处下文可知, 该段介绍了对未来五十年的展望: 从依靠石油的社会过渡到新的社会; 未来的生活更好。故B项符
79、合语境。第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)Pennsylvania is full of mysterious places! One of those is an old turnpike (收费高速公路) 41 for decades. My dad loves history, and he learned it was open to the public. 42 , when I was 14, we took a bike trip to 43 this road! My dad chose a 16-mile 44 of th
80、e road for us to ride. Part of it included an old tunnel called Sideling Hill which is over a mile long! To 45 , we checked our tires and made sure our lights had batteries. In the morning, we loaded our bikes into the car and set off. As we approached the tunnel, I felt 46 as it was absolutely blac
81、k inside! But Dad encouraged me. He said he would be beside me. He reminded me to stay 47 and keep my light on! When we 48 the tunnel, the sound of our bikes was heard through the darkness. I shined my flash light around and saw walls 49 in graffiti (涂鸦). And I felt like I was being 50 ! I was prett
82、y scared, but 51 on following Dad helped me relax. After riding half-way through, I could see light coming from the other end, motivating me to keep going. And I was so delighted to ride out into the bright afternoon! Whenever going through 52 in life, I remember this trip. It reminds me that my fat
83、her is always beside me. He turns on the light of hope in my 53 , as well as gives me 54 to keep riding through lifes 55 tunnels. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了我和爸爸的一次公路探险让我终生难忘每当生活中遇到困难时, 它总会提醒我, 爸爸总是在我身边, 给我战胜困难的希望和勇气。41. A. designedB. destroyedC. abandonedD. locked【解析】选C。designed设计; destroyed破坏; abandoned遗弃
84、, 废弃; locked锁住。根据空后的“My dad loves history. . . ”可知, 因为爸爸喜欢历史, 我们才去探险, 因此这条收费公路应该是废弃了几十年, 故选C。42. A. HoweverB. OtherwiseC. ThereforeD. Meanwhile【解析】选C。根据上文可知, 我爸爸喜欢历史, 因此, 爸爸带我骑自行车去探索这条公路! however然而; otherwise否则; therefore因此; meanwhile同时。根据句意可知前后是因果关系, 此处表示结果, 故选C。43. A. exploreB. constructC. protect
85、D. repair【解析】选A。explore探索; construct建造; protect保护; repair修理。上文提到爸爸喜欢历史, 再结合下文我们在这条公路上的经历可知, 爸爸带我骑自行车去探索这条公路, 故选A。44. A. tunnelB. sectionC. blockD. course【解析】选B。tunnel隧道; section部分, 路段; block街区; course过程。空后一句说该路段包括一条超过一英里长的、名为Sideling Hill的老隧道, 此处指“一个16英里长的路段”, 故选B。45. A. participateB. registerC. coo
86、perateD. prepare【解析】选D。 participate参与; register登记; cooperate合作; prepare准备。我们检查了车胎, 并确保车灯里装了电池, 这些都是公路探险前的准备工作, 故选D。46. A. excitedB. nervousC. annoyedD. exhausted【解析】选B。excited兴奋的; nervous紧张的; annoyed生气的; exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据后文隧道里面一片漆黑可知, 我非常紧张, 故选B。47. A. silentB. curiousC. cautiousD. positive【解析】选C。si
87、lent安静的; curious好奇的; cautious谨慎的; positive积极的。上文提到隧道里一片漆黑, 因此爸爸提醒我要保持小心谨慎, 故选C。48. A. approachedB. observedC. constructedD. entered【解析】选D。 approached靠近; observed观察; constructed建造; entered进入。根据上文中的“we approached the tunnel”可知此处发生在“接近隧道”之后, 是说我们进入了隧道, 故选D。49. A. coveredB. buriedC. absorbedD. dressed【解
88、析】选A。 covered覆盖; buried埋葬; absorbed吸收; dressed穿衣。根据空后的“graffiti”可知, 我发现墙壁被涂鸦所覆盖(墙上满是涂鸦), 故选A。50. A. forcedB. watchedC. abusedD. judged【解析】选B。forced强迫; watched注视; abused虐待; judged审判。根据常识可知, 涂鸦多是表情夸张或面目狰狞的人物画像, 因此我感觉自己被墙上的画像注视着, 故选B。51. A. dependingB. survivingC. callingD. focusing【解析】选D。depend on依靠;
89、survive on靠活下来; call on号召; focus on集中精力于。根据空后的“on following Dad helped me relax”可知, 集中精力跟着爸爸走能让我放松下来, 故选D。52. A. accidentsB. hardshipsC. regulationsD. incidents【解析】选B。 accidents事故; hardships艰难困苦; regulations条例; incidents事件。由后文可知, 这次旅行提醒我, 爸爸总是在我身边, 他点亮了我心中的希望之光, 也给了我勇气, 让我继续穿过生命的黑暗隧道, 此处用隧道比喻生活中的困难,
90、 说的是每当生活中遇到困难时, 我都会想起这次旅行, 故选B。53. A. chestB. tripC. workD. heart【解析】选D。根据空前的“the light of hope”可知此处是指“心中的希望之光”, 故选D。54. A. courage B. prideC. excitementD. enthusiasm【解析】选A。courage勇气; pride自豪; excitement兴奋; enthusiasm热情。根据上文中的“But Dad encouraged me. ”可知, 在我紧张害怕时, 爸爸鼓励我, 因此此处是指“给我勇气”, 故选A。55. A. diff
91、icultB. distantC. darkD. long【解析】选C。根据上文中的“it was absolutely black inside! ”可知, 隧道里面一片漆黑, 因此此处是指“生活中的黑暗隧道”, 故选C。第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Jingdezhen porcelain(瓷器)is Chinese porcelain produced in or near Jingdezhen in southern China. Jingdezhen has produced porcelain
92、 56. (century)ago. And the town 57. was named Jingdezhen by Emperor Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty became a major kiln(窑)site around 1004. During the period, the 58. (produce)of porcelain in this area first became 59. (know). By the 14th century it had become the largest centre of producing C
93、hinese porcelain, which remained in the following times. In the Ming Dynasty, official kilns in Jingdezhen 60. (control)by the emperor, making quality porcelain in large quantities for the emperor to give abroad as gifts. As a result, the town was 61. (close)linked to the world. Although being a rem
94、ote town in a hilly area, Jingdezhen is near the quality porcelain stone and forests which can provide plenty of wood for the kilns. It also has 62. river flowing from north to south, 63. (benefit)the transport of the fragile objects. Jingdezhen has produced a great variety of 64. (value) porcelain.
95、 As a result, the town is famous 65. the “Porcelain Capital”. One type of its well-known high quality porcelain object is the blue and white porcelain from the 1330s. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。介绍了景德镇陶器的生产及地理位置产品等信息。56. 【解析】centuries。考查名词的单复数。根据句意, 景德镇已经在数个世纪以前就开始生产陶器了, 可以得知此处应该填复数centuries。故填centuries。57. 【解析】w
96、hich/that。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可以得知句子主干是the town became a major kiln site around 1004. 这个小镇大约在公元1004年成为一间主窑的。那么the town指物, 作先行词在定语从句中作主语, 后接which/that引导的限制性定语从句, 故填which或者that。58. 【解析】production。考查词性转换。句意: 在此期间, 这个地区的陶器产品开始变得知名起来。此处陶器是一种手工艺品, 是一种产品。由the限定名词, produce名词形式production。故填production。59. 【解析】known。
97、 考查过去分词作表语。此处是“变得被知道, 变得知名起来”的意思, 故使用know的过去分词形式作became的表语。故填known。60. 【解析】were controlled。考查被动语态。句意: 被皇帝控制的官窑生产大量的优质陶器给皇帝当礼物送到国外。control意为“控制”, 而官窑被此处的皇帝控制, 主语official kilns为复数, 故填were controlled。61. 【解析】closely。考查副词修饰动词作状语。句意: 结果, 这个小镇与世界紧密相连。close意思为“紧密的, 靠近的”, 修饰动词时要用副词作状语。故填closely。62. 【解析】a。考查
98、不定冠词。river开头是辅音音素, 故填a。63. 【解析】benefiting。考查现在分词作状语。句意: 它还有一条自北向南流的河, 有利于运输易碎的物品。主语和动词benefit是主动关系, 用现在分词作结果状语, 用其-ing形式表达。故填benefiting。64. 【解析】valuable。考查形容词。句意: 景德镇生产各种各样珍贵的陶器产品。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词porcelain。故填valuable。65. 【解析】as。考查介词。句意: 结果, 景德镇因为瓷器之都而出名。“作为出名”是be famous as, 故填as。第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)第一节 (
99、满分15分)假定你是李华, 上周六恰逢你校科技节, 清华大学物理系王教授来你校作讲座。请你为校英文报写一篇报道, 内容包括: 1. 时间地点; 2. 参加人员; 3. 讲座内容: (1) 解密宇宙探索 (2) 2019年诺贝尔物理学奖得主的励志故事; 4. 讲座反响。注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 题目已给出, 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。参考词汇: 2019年诺贝尔物理学奖the 2019 Nobel Prize in PhysicsA Scientific Lecture_【参考范文】A Scientific LectureLast Saturday a Scientifi
100、c Lecture, part of the Science Festival of our school, was given by Professor Wang of Physics from Tsinghua University. The lecture, which took place in the school hall, lasted three hours from 7: 00 p. m. to 10: 00 p. m. All the students of Grade One attended it. Professor Wang enabled us to have a
101、 deep understanding of the mysteries of universe exploration in a popular and simple way. Additionally, he told us some inspiring stories publicly unknown about the winners of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics. The lecture which received high praise and warm response turned out to be a great success.
102、Students benefited a lot, saying it not only enriched their school life but aroused their keen interest in science. 第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。Chelsea was a saleswoman. She worked for a medical equipment manufacturer to sell medical equipment to hospitals. She drove all over Lo
103、s Angeles County five days a week. She was not the worlds most law-abiding(守法的) driver. When all the freeway lanes were at a dead stop, she would drive along the emergency lane. She rarely met a stop sign at an empty intersection that she obeyed. She always slowed down enough to make sure the inters
104、ection was clear, and then zipped on through. She usually talked on her cell phone while driving. While driving and talking, she would often drink a soda or eat a sandwich. Her hands, legs, and mouth were always busy while she was driving. She was born, she often said proudly, to multitask. Last nig
105、ht she had to show a customer how to operate a new device. The customer was a slow learner, so Chelsea ended up leaving the hospital half an hour later than she had planned. Then, of course, she got stuck in Friday evening rush hour. She was going to be late for her date, but the nearby mountains bl
106、ocked her cell phone from calling her customer and telling him. She was already anxious, and things seemed to be getting worse. Then all the traffic stopped. Chelsea drove immediately over to the emergency lane and continued driving along it. She was making good progress. She couldnt believe she was
107、 the only one in the emergency lane. Usually several cars would follow her lead. Then she saw the red flashing lights in her rearview mirror. The officer pulled her over and walked up alongside her car. He was young and good-looking. Chelsea felt better. “Is there any reason that you are in the emer
108、gency lane? ”“Officer, Im not feeling well and Im just trying to get to the nearest store to buy my medicine. ” She looked at him with big, sweet, innocent eyes. He looked at her for a long moment, then handed her license back. “Okay, maam. Take the first exit you come to. I hope youll be feeling be
109、tter. Im Anthony, by the way. ”“Thank you so much, officer Anthony. ”注意: 续写词数应为150左右。The officer walked back to his car and Chelsea drove on. _There was no line in the store. _-【参考范文】The officer walked back to his car and Chelsea drove on. This was the second time that excuse had worked for her. She
110、 had one more thing to do before she got home. She had to mail a package. She got to the mini-mall at 7 p. m. No parking was available, except for the handicapped space. Chelsea whipped right into it. She would only be a minute, she told herself. All she had to do was run into the mailbox store, get
111、 the package weighed, and pay the clerk. There was no line in the store. Everything was done so quickly that she was whistling while she walked back out to her car. Then she stopped whistling. There was a ticket on the car window. She tore it down slowly. She knew what it was, but not how much it was. When she saw the amount, she screamed in regret.
