1、Grammar【学习目标】1,熟悉名词性从句中的宾语从句和表语从句功能；2,在实践中根据不同的语境选择使用正确的名词性从句中的宾语从句和表语从句;【重点难点】重点: 掌握名词性从句中的宾语从句和表语从句的具体用法难点:在翻译，写作及其相关的运用中熟练掌握课前自主预习方案 二、观察思考 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。宾 语 从 句1、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句（1）I hear _. （一小时后他会回来）（2）He said _. （他非常想念我们）（3）The teacher told us _.（地
2、球围着太阳转）小结：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。（4） Everybody could see _. 所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。 (and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。（5）I know nothing about him except_.对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。)（6）_I simply dont believe. 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。 (that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。)（7）We
3、decided, in view of his special circumstances,_.鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定允许他离开。主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。（8）He asked _. (谁能回答这个问题）（9）Do you know_. （他们在等谁）（10）He asked _. （谁的书法是班上最好的）（11）Do you know _.（地球和月亮，哪一个比较小）（12）Please tell me _. （我们什么时候开会）（13）Can you tell me _. （他在哪儿）（14）Could you tell me _. （我该怎么去车站）
4、（15）Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了）由连接代词_及连接副词 _引导的宾语从句（16）Lily wanted to know if /whether _.(她母亲是否喜欢这个提包。)（17）Lets see if /whether_(我们是否能够找出关于这个城市的资料。)（18）She asked me if /whether _（她是否能够借到这些书籍。）当宾语从句是_时，由连词_或_引导（口语中常用_），因为_翻译成：_，具有_意义，所以_省略.If 和 whether的区别。Whether 后能跟 or not, if 不行。Id like to know w
5、hether he will come or not. Whether 后能加 to do, if 不行。He doesnt know whether to work or play. 在介词后只能用whether不能用if.He is trying to find out whether the medicine works表 语 从 句引导词的用法（一）that在表语从句中 ,又 。 1.The fact is that he hasnt yet recover from illness. 2.The reason why he has to go is that his mother i
6、s ill in bed.（二）What 在表语从句中充当 _ 表示_3. The question is what caused the accident. 4. That mountain is no longer what it used to be .5. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.另： what 不引导定语从句（三）Which 在引导表语从句时,常充当_ 表示 _ 。如：I read about it in some book or another, but what I dont know
7、 is which (book) it is. 当主句的主语为reason,或者是why由引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用_,而不能由_ 引导; because 引导表语从句时只能用于_ 句型中.如: 6. The reason why I was late was that I missed the train.7.I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train.（四）whether在表语从句中表 _,但不充当句子的成分。if _ 引导表语从句.如: What the doctor really doubts is whet
8、her my mother will recover from the serious disease soon（五）由as if ,as though引导表语从句时要注意语态.若从句表示与现在事实相反,谓动用_ _- ,与过去事实相反用 _.或表示将来的可能性不大，则用 _.8.Li Lei is now in a new jacket. He looks as if he were an American boy. 9.The girl is giving us a vivid description of the moon. It seems as if she had been to
9、the moon many times.10.It looks as if it might rain.11.The clouds are gathering，it looks as if it is going to rain.我的疑惑 请你将预习中未能解决的问题和有疑惑的问题写下来,待课堂上与老师和同学探究解决. Exploring Case质疑探究-质疑解惑，合作探究Task 1 单句改错1. I wonder how we shall do next._2. Could you tell me where are they having a picnic?_3. My suggesti
10、on is the government should cut off the production of cigarettes. _4. The question is if she is willing to marry you. _5. We believe that they have finished their task ahead of time, dont we? _6. So frightened I was that I hid myself under the bed. _7. The reason why he was killed was because he had
11、 a lot of money. _8. The talk that the professor gives is so bored that no one likes to pay attention to it. _Task 21. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _ he said meant.A. that B. what C. that that D. what what2.Dont you know, my dear friend, _ it is your money not you th
12、at she loves?A. who B. which C. that D. what3. Everyone knows, perhaps except you, _ your girl-friend is a cheat.A. who B. which C. that D. what4. I think, though I could be mistaken, _ she liked me.A. who B. which C. that D. what5. Patience is a kind of quality and that is _ _ it takes to do anythi
13、ng well.A. what B. which C. which D. how6. “What were you trying to prove to the police?” “_ I was last night.”A. That B. When C. Where D. What7. Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is _ he cant enjoy while living in big cities.A. that B. why C. where D. what8. _ she couldnt understand was
14、 _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that9. People have heard _ the President has said; they are waiting to see _ he will do.A. how, how B. what, what C. when, how D. that, what10. When you answer questions in a job interview,
15、 please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants.A. what B. whichC. when D. that11.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly_ he wants . (2002上海春季) A.what B.which C.when D.that 12I drove to Zhuhai for the
16、air show last week .Is that_ you had a few days off？（NMET1999）A. why B .what C. when D. where13 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella _I got wet through.（1998上海）A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how14. See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning.（06全国）A
17、. when B. which C. where D. what15. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?(2003北京春) -Oh, thats _.A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited16. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.（2004湖北）A. the way B. in th
18、e way that C. in the way D. the way which 三：拓展延伸用宾语从句或表语从句翻译下列句子1. 我们觉得他不帮助她是不对的。_2. 你们取得了很快的进步，我很满意。_3. 她记起了她把伞忘在图书馆了。_4. 很抱歉，我想我并不认识你。_5. 他说课文非常重要，我们应该背下来。_6. 我们正在讨论这是你该不该做。_7. 医生的忠告是你不该再吸烟了。_8. 他们看上去这样苍老，那是因为他们曾经辛辛苦苦地劳动了。_9. 他的苦恼是他不知道怎样来改进教学工作。_10. 他的建议是办公室内不允许抽烟。_答案：宾 语 从 句1. _he will be back in
19、 an hour.2. he missed us very much3. the earth moves around the sun。that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。4.what happened and that Tom was frightened. and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。5.that he is from the south. that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。6.That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe. 我
20、简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。 (that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。.7 that we would permit him to leave.主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。8who could answer the question。9. whom they are waiting for.10. whose handwriting was the best one in the class.11. which one is smaller, the earth or the moon?12. when well have a meeting13.where
21、he is14.how I can get to the station?15.why the train is late由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句16.Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .17.Lets see if /whether we can find out some information about that city .18.She asked me if /whether sh
22、e could borrow these books .当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略表 语 从 句（一）that在表语从句中 既不充当成分 ,又 没有意义 。 （二）What 在表语从句中充当 主语、宾语或表语 表示什么，什么样子，或所的人或事另： what 不引导定语从句（三）Which 在引导表语从句时,常充当_定语,表语_ 表示 其中哪一个 。如：当主句的主语为reason,或者是why由引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用_that来引导,而不能由_because_ 引
23、导; because 引导表语从句时只能用于_It/That/This is /was because_ 句型中.（四）whether在表语从句中表 “是否”,但不充当句子的成分。if 不能 引导表语从句.如: What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon（五）由as if ,as though引导表语从句时要注意语态.若从句表示与现在事实相反,谓动用一般过去式（be用were） ,与过去事实相反用 had+p.p.或表示将来的可能性不大，则用 Woul
24、d(might,could)+v原Exploring CaseTask 1 单句改错1.howwhat 2. are theythey are 3. 在is后加that 4.if whether 5.dont we havent they6. I was was I 7. surroundingsurrounded 8. bored boring Task 21-16 D C CCAC D A A BAABDAA用宾语从句或表语从句翻译下列句子1. We think it wrong that he didnt help her.2. Im satisfied that youve made
25、a rapid progress.3. She remembered that she had left her umbrella in the library.4. Im sorry, but I dont think I know you.5. he said that the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.6. we are talking about whether you should do it.7. The doctors advice is that you should not smoke any more.8. They looked so old. Thats because they had worked hard for ten years.9. her trouble is that she doesnt know how to improve her teaching work.10. His suggestion is that no one be allowed to smoke in the office.
