1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家选择性必修第二册UNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTS(主题语境:人与社会科学与技术)核心考点课堂突破1.contradictoryadj.相互矛盾的;对立的;不一致的教材原句 In general,doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.(P2) 总的来说,对于霍乱的传播途径,那时候的医生有两种对立的理论。语境巧练用所给词的适当形式填空(1)The witnesses gave two completely (contrad
2、ict) descriptions.小话题写作(2)跟维生素有关的新研究和声明每天都公布出来,而且很多都自相矛盾。New studies and claims about vitamins are published daily,and many seem to .考点必记(1)self-contradictory 自相矛盾的contradictory information矛盾信息(2)contradict vt.反驳contradict oneself 自相矛盾contradict each other 互相矛盾contradict sb反驳某人2.infectionn.感染;传染教材原句
3、Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.(P2) 另一种理论是霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。语境巧练用所给词的适当形式填空(1)There is a virus that (infect) word-processing documents recently.(2)The open wound soon became (infect).小话题写作(3)这种病毒在短短几天内感染了数千台计算机。This virus within days.(4)她那快乐的情绪和笑声感染了全
4、班。Her cheerful spirits and laughter .考点必记(1)prevent infection 防止感染skin infection皮肤感染(2)infect vt.传染;感染infected adj.感染的be infected with 被感染(3)infectious adj.传染性的infectious laughter富有感染力的笑声a highly infectious disease 传染性极高的疾病3.subscribevi.认购(股份);定期订购;定期交纳(会费);赞同教材原句Snow subscribed to the second theory
5、.(P2) 斯诺赞同第二个观点。语境巧练单句语法填空(1)Most scientists subscribe the view that the earth is becoming warmer because of human activities.小话题写作(2)我们已经订阅了一份晚报。We have an evening newspaper.(3)每个雇员可以认购价值不超过2 000美元的股票。Each employee may up to $2,000 worth of shares.考点必记(1)subscribe to an animal protection society 向一
6、个动物保护协会捐款subscribe to a magazine订阅一本杂志subscribe to 同意;赞同subscribe for认购(股份)(2)subscriber n.订阅者;订户4.suspectvt.&vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象教材原句Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.(P2) 斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。语境巧练用所给词的适当形式填空(1)(2020新高考全国卷)In Samarkand,Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders,while on
7、his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when (suspect) of drug dealing.(2)The drug (suspect) of causing over 200 deaths.(3)(suspect) nothing,he walked right into the trap.小话题写作(4)从他不正常的行为来评判,我怀疑他是个小偷。Judging from his abnormal behaviour,I a thief.考点必记(1)suspect danger 疑心有危险suspect ones m
8、otives 怀疑某人的动机suspect a plot 怀疑有阴谋suspect sb of doing sth怀疑某人做过某事suspect sb/sth to be.怀疑某人/某物是(2)a murder suspect 杀人犯罪嫌疑人the prime suspect 首要嫌疑人5.blamevt.把归咎于;责怪;指责n.责备;指责教材原句Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.(P2) 斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。语境巧练单句语法填空(1)What a mess!You are always so lazy!Im not (blam
9、e),Mum.I am what you have made me.(2)Joe is proud and stubborn,never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else (blame).(3)The teacher didnt know who is to blame the broken window.(4)Many children (blame) for making mistakes in the exam.小话题写作(5)许多人发现早上起床很难,并把责任推到闹钟上。Lots of people fin
10、d it hard to get up in the morning,and the alarm clock.考点必记be to blame (for sth)该(为)受责备,应该(为)负责blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人blame sb for sth/doing sth因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事be blamed for因受谴责/责备accept/bear/take the blame for sth 对某事负责任put the blame on sth 把责任归咎于名师点津be to blame意为“该受谴责,该受责备”,用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。6.han
11、dlen.把手;拉手;柄vt.处理;搬动;操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)教材原句Accordingly,he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.(P2) 相应地,他让人把水泵的把手去掉,这样它就不能用了。语境巧练用所给词的适当形式填空(1)As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine,we must send for an engineer (handle) the problem.小话题写作(2)然后,先处理最重要的任务,这样你会感到真正的成就感
12、。Then,tasks first so youll feel a real sense of achievement.(3)我们都得学会调节压力。We all have to learn to .(4)他转动把手,打开了门。He and opened the door.考点必记(1)handle a machine操纵机器handle a problem处理问题handle the paperwork处理文书工作handle the data处理数据handle a case处理一个案件handle the crisis处理危机handle a complaint处理投诉(2)the han
13、dle of the door 门把手get a handle on sth 开始了解/掌握某事7.linkn.联系;纽带vt.把连接起来;相关联教材原句Moreover,Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.(P3) 而且,后来斯诺能够表明,其他霍乱的病例和伦敦不同的自来水公司有关。语境巧练用所给词的适当形式填空(1)The two cities (link) by a railway.(2)The police
14、men are looking for people (link) to the accident which happened last night.小话题写作(3)这些摄像机与一台功能强大的计算机相连接。The video cameras a powerful computer.(4)英吉利海峡隧道把英国和欧洲其他国家连接起来。The Channel Tunnel the rest of Europe.考点必记(1)a link of friendship友谊的纽带a link between drinking and liver trouble喝酒与肝病的关系(2)be linked b
15、y.用连接link.with.把和连接起来be linked to与有联系;与有关联link.to.把和联系起来名师点津be related to与有联系,与有关系relate.to.把和联系起来be connected with与有关系;与有亲戚关系connect.with.把和连接起来8.decreasen.减少;降低;减少量vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少;减小;降低教材原句Through Snows tireless efforts,water companies began to sell clean water,and the threat of cholera around
16、the world saw a substantial decrease.(P3) 通过斯诺孜孜不倦的努力,自来水公司开始销售干净的水,全世界范围内的霍乱威胁有了很大的下降。语境巧练单句语法填空(1)Water can transform a desert a garden.(2)(transform) into a frog by the witch,the prince was driven out of the castle.(3)As is known to all,water can (transform) into power.(4)In recent years,the movi
17、e industry has undergone a substantial (transform).考点必记(1)transform.into.把变成transform into变成(2)transformation n.改变;转换名师点津trans表示“从一到另一”,如translate,transplant,transfusion,transport等。9.breakout(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发教材原句However,after the Songhu Battle brokeout in 1932,Qian made the decision to switch hi
18、s major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.(P7)然而,在1932年淞沪会战爆发后,钱做出了把专业改为航空制造业的决定,因为他意识到中国需要自己强大的空军来保护并且保卫这个国家。语境巧练选短语填空break out,break off,break through,break in,break into,break down,break up(1)The meeting didnt until noon
19、.(2)A big fire in the town last night.(3)Dont while others are speaking.(4)After ten years of hard work,his health is .(5)We hope to soon in the fight against AIDS.(6)There was no one nearby who might see him trying the house.(7)The two countries diplomatic relations because of war.考点必记break down (机
20、器)损坏;破坏;(身体/精神)垮下来;感情失去控制break up拆散,分开;驱散,解散;分手break in强行闯入,侵入;插话break into闯入,侵入;突然发出/做出break off折断;中断;停止说话;(工作中)稍作休息break through突破10.defendvt.保卫;防守;辩解教材原句However,after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932,Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed i
21、ts own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.(P7)然而,在1932年淞沪会战爆发后,钱做出了把专业改为航空制造业的决定,因为他意识到中国需要自己强大的空军来保护并且保卫这个国家。语境巧练单句语法填空(1)They didnt give him a chance (defend) himself.(2)The wall was built as a (defend) against the enemy attacks.(3)Exercise can defend people illness.小话题写作(4)我们所有的
22、警察都接受过自卫训练,能够对付持刀袭击。All our policemen are trained to knife attacks.(5)我得为她说句话,她对此事一无所知。I have to say that she knew nothing about it.考点必记(1)defend.against.保护免受defend sb 为某人辩护defend oneself为自己辩解defend a place 保卫一个地方defend a child 保护孩子defend ones conduct 为某人的行为辩解defend the country 保卫国家defend the nation
23、al interest 保护民族利益(2)defense n.防御;防卫in defense of保卫;为辩护the Department of Defense国防部as a defense against作为针对的防御手段11.inchargeof主管;掌管教材原句He received a heros welcome from his homeland and was put inchargeof not only developing Chinas rocket science but also its space and missile programme.(P8)他受到了来自祖国的英
24、雄般的欢迎,不仅被任命负责发展中国的火箭事业还有它的太空导弹项目。语境巧练单句语法填空(1)They left me in charge the children for a week.(2)I am leaving the school your charge.(3)How much did they charge the repairs?句式升级He is in charge of the newspapers advertisement section.(4)The newspapers advertisement section .(5)The newspapers advertise
25、ment section .考点必记in charge 负责;掌管in the charge of sb/in ones charge 由负责take charge of 负责;掌管charge sb some money for sth因为某事向某人收费free of charge免费charge sb with doing sth 指控某人做某事12.notonly.butalso.不仅而且教材原句He received a heros welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of notonly developing Chinas
26、rocket science butalso its space and missile programme.(P8) 他受到了来自祖国的英雄般的欢迎,不仅被任命负责发展中国的火箭事业还有它的太空导弹项目。语境巧练用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Not only Tom but also his parents (be) invited the other day.(2)Not only his parents but also Tom (be) invited the other day.小话题写作(3)电脑应用于教学中。结果不仅节省了老师的精力,学生们也对课堂更感兴趣。The computer
27、 is used in teaching.As a result,not only ,but students become more interested in the lessons.考点必记“not only.but also.”连接并列成分,当连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式采用“就近一致”原则。名师点津not only放在句首,后接句子时要用倒装结构,但but (also)后的句子不倒装。13.aboveall最重要的是;尤其是教材原句Aboveall,Hawking was willing to admit his faults.(P9)最重要的是,霍金愿意承认自己的过失
28、。语境巧练选短语填空in all,after all,above all,first of all(1)There were twelve of us for dinner.(2)To be great,you must be smart,confident,and, honest.(3)Bob thought he couldnt go to the party because he had to write a report,but he went .(4)To make members of a team perform better,the trainer has to know th
29、eir strengths and weaknesses.考点必记in all总共,共计after all终究;毕竟(not) at all根本(不)above all尤其,最重要的是first of all首先(强调次序)语境串记You shouldnt have scolded the boy atall.He is a child afterall.Aboveall,he made only two mistakes inall.你根本不该责备那个男孩。他毕竟还是个孩子。最重要的是,他总共才出了两处错。随堂巩固迁移运用.单句语法填空1.We are faced with two appa
30、rently (contradict) statements.2.The vaccine was used to protect the whole population against (infect).3.The authorities no longer subscribe the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.4.I think Tom,rather than you is (blame) for the matter.5.Pilcher (suspect) of giving away government
31、secrets to the enemy.6.Most customers were satisfied with the way their complaints (handle).7.Despite the (intervene) of the international community,the two countries were unable to settle their differences.8.(decrease)the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment,more governments are requiri
32、ng people to recycle materials.9.(2020天津卷)Thanks the Silence Machine,a British invention,you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents.10.(2020江苏卷)The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable (transform).选词或短语填空severe,break out,blame,suspect,cast
33、a shadow,thanks to,once and for allAs we all know,cholera is a 1. disease which once 2. over people all over the world every time it 3.At first,people 4. it was due to bad air.5. John Snow,the truth was found out that the polluted water was 6.Since the cause was known,cholera was defeated 7.微语境写作请根据
34、下面提示,写一篇短文介绍霍金。词数80左右。1.斯蒂芬霍金是物理学界最著名和最有天赋的科学家之一。(gifted)2.当他指出霍伊尔教授的错误并证明大爆炸理论是正确的时,他就出名了。(well-known,big bang theory)3.后来他得了一种病,不能动弹,他的世界成了一个抽象的思想世界。(come down with,abstract)4.然而,智慧、勇敢和决心使他成为天才,同时也是与疾病抗争的战士。(genius,fight against)选择性必修第二册UNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTS核心考点课堂突破1.(1)contradictory(2)contrad
35、ict each other2.(1)infects(2)infected(3)infected thousands of computers(4)infect(ed) the whole class3.(1)to(2)subscribed to(3)subscribe for4.(1)suspected(2)is suspected(3)Suspecting(4)suspected him to be5.(1)to blame(2)to blame(3)for(4)were blamed(5)put the blame on6.(1)to handle(2)handle the most i
36、mportant(3) handle pressure(4)turned the handle7.(1)are linked(2)linked(3)are linked to(4)links Britain with8.(1)into(2)Transformed(3)be transformed(4)transformation9.(1)break up(2)broke out(3)break in(4)breaking down(5)break through(6)to break into(7)broke off10.(1)to defend(2)defense(3)against(4)d
37、efend themselves against(5)in defense of her11.(1)of(2)in(3)for(4)is in the charge of him(5)is in his charge12.(1)were(2)was(3)is teachers energy saved13.(1)in all(2)above all(3)after all(4)first of all随堂巩固迁移运用.1.contradictory2.infection3.to4.to blame5.was suspected6.were handled7.intervention8.To d
38、ecrease9.to10.transformation.1.severe2.cast a shadow3.broke out4.suspected5.Thanks to6.to blame7.once and for all.Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics.He became well-known when he pointed out the professor Hoyles mistake and proved the big bang theory was true.Later he came down with a disease,unable to move and his world became one of abstract thought.However,intelligence,bravery and determination made him a genius as well as a soldier fighting against his disease.- 9 - 版权所有高考资源网
