1、Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern hero【单元导航】Nelson MandelaImagine growing up in a country where drinking out of the wrong water fountain might get you thrown into jail；where a man might have the very same job as his neighbor，but because of the color of his skin，get paid less in a year than the other man
2、made in a week；where the government told you that your ancestors and their ways of living were wrong and savage and not even human.Sounds like a futuristic (幻想未来的) film，doesnt it? Well，for Nelson Mandela，this was not a movie.Growing up in South africa under the apartheid system of government meant t
3、hese things，and worse，which were part of his daily life.But Nelson Mandela was a fighter.Instead of bowing down to this unjust system of government，he became a lifelong warrior in the battle to free South Africa.Today，thanks to the selfsacrifice of Nelson Mandela，apartheid has been outlawed.Everyone
4、 in South Africa now has an equal opportunity at home and at work to live comfortable，productive lives.Nelson Mandela is one of the worlds true freedom fighters.Section TwoLanguage Points1. And what qualities does a great person have？一个伟人有什么样的品质？ I want some meat of the best quality. 我要一些质量最好的肉。 The
5、y spoke of his fine qualities as a modern painter. 他们(还)谈到了他作为一名当代画家的优秀品质。 One quality of this plastic is that it is almost unbreakable. 这种塑料有个特点是不易断裂。 quality，词性名词，意为“质量”时是不可数名词，意为“品质，性质”时是可数名词。 of great quality意为“具有高质量的”，可作定语和表语。 (1)The goods are of poor .A.quantity B.qualitiesC.quality D.quantiti
6、es答案C (2)Courage is one of the best of a good soldier.A.quality B.quantity C.qualities D.feature 答案C2. A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.伟人就是把自己的一生 致力于帮助他人的人。 I dont think we should devote any more time to this question. 我认为我们不应该在这个问题上花更多的时间。 He devoted his whole l
7、ife to teaching. 他把毕生精力献给了教学。 devote，词性动词，意为“奉献，献身；投注”，常与介词to搭配，构成devote.to. 结构，to是介词，后接名词或动名词。devote oneself to意为“致力于，献身于”；devote ones life to意为“把某人的生命献给”；devote ones energy to意为“把某人的精 力献给”。 devotion n.(与to连用)献身；忠诚；热心；专心 devoted adj.热心的，忠诚的；恩爱的；献身的；专心于的；专用于的 He is devoted to his country. 他精忠报国。 The
8、yre a devoted couple. 他们是一对恩爱夫妻。 This is a magazine devoted to childrens literature. 这是一本儿童文学刊物。 (1)他献身于帮助穷人。 He devoted himself to helping the poor. (2)四年来，他全力倾注于音乐。For four years，he devoted himself to music. (3)她把精力都献给了和平事业。She devoted her energies to the cause of peace.3. The last thirty years ha
9、ve seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步， National Day saw people singing and dancing happily in the street. 国庆节那天人们在大街上载歌载舞。 The old house saw the changes in the big family. 这座老房子见证了这个大家庭的变迁。 本句的主语是the last thirty years，不是表人的而是表时间的。在英语表达中，有
10、时用表 时间或地点的词作主语，可使语言显得生动形象，此时的谓语动词常用see或find。 (1)随后几年，她在许多剧中扮演角色。 The following years saw her act in many plays. (2)第二天清晨人们发现这小女孩躺在街上，死了。 The next morning found the little girl lay on the street，dead. 4. .until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.一直到今 天我们处于毫无权利可言的地步。 S
11、he left the stage at 60. 她60岁的时候离开了舞台。 Their firm is at the stage of development. 他们的公司处于发展阶段。 Her illness has developed to the stage where nobody can cure her. 她的病已发展到没人能治的阶段。 stage，词性名词，意为“舞台；阶段；时期”，其后接的定语从句常用where引导，相当 于at which或in which。 point，situation，case(情形；案例)，occasion(场合)，position等名词后接定语从句
12、时，其 关系词常用where。 .we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important，or fight the government. 我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。 There is one point where Id like your advice. 有时我也乐意听取你的建议。 Imagine that you are in a situation where no one believes in you. 设想你在一个没人信任
13、你的环境中。 (1)We are in a position we may lose a large sum of money.A.where B.which C.that D.when答案A (2)You have come to the stage you cant understand yourself well.A.for which B.at whichC.with whichD.about which答案B 5. Black people couldnt vote or choose their leaders.黑人们不能选举或选择自己的领导人。 They voted her th
14、eir headmistress. 他们选她做校长。 He was voted the most promising new director. 他当选为最有前途的新导演。 Congress voted to increase foreign aid by 10%. 国会表决通过增加10%的对外援助。 The committee voted that the game should be put off. 委员会投票决定比赛应延期。 Vote for the man you can trust. 选你能信赖的人。 People voted against Henry. 人们投票反对亨利。 As
15、 we are not unanimous for this matter，lets vote on it. 因为我们在这件事上无法一致同意，我们投票表决吧。 (1)vote用作及物动词时，后可接单宾语、双宾语、动词不定式或宾语从句。 vote sb./sth.投票支持(人或政党) vote双宾语选出或推举某人担任某职 vote to do sth.投票去做某事 votethat从句投票去做某事 (2)vote用作不及物动词时，常与以下介词连用： vote for/against sth.投票赞成/反对 vote on sth.就投票表决 vote还可作名词，意为“选举；投票；表决”。 The
16、 matter will be decided by vote. 此事将投票表决。 In that country，people get the vote at the age of 18. 在那个国家，人们年满18岁获得选举权。 (1)Many people voted for (投票支持)Obama in the election of America. (2)Now we will vote on (投票)this project. (3)We Chinese women have the vote (选举权).6.Only then did we decide to answer vi
17、olence with violence.只有到那时，我们才决定用 暴力对付暴力。 Only after the accident did he have his car inspected. 直到那件意外事件后，他才叫人检查他的车子。 Only by working hard can we succeed in doing everything. 只有努力工作，我们做每一件事才能成功。 Only yesterday did his father tell him the truth，which was a big surprise. 昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他，这对他真是一个令人吃惊的消息。
18、上列句式都用了部分倒装。当only修饰状语置于句首时，主句经常使用倒装结构。其结构 为：Only状语助动词(情态动词或be)主语动词原形。 only修饰主语时不用倒装语序。 Only fifty of the original one hundred men came back. 在原来的一百人当中，只有五十人回来了。 (1)It was announced that only when the fire was under control to return to their homes.A.the residents would be permittedB.had the resident
19、s been permittedC.would the residents be permittedD.the residents had been permitted答案C解析句意为：据宣布，只有在火势被控制住的时候居民们才被允许回到家中。that从句中only引导的时间状语从句位于句首，主句需用部分倒装结构。 (2)Only when I left my parents for Italy how much I loved them.A.I realized B.I had realizedC.had I realized D.did I realize答案D解析考查部分倒装。“only状
20、语”放于句首时主句用部分倒装。 (3)Only when Dr.Yang arrives able to be operated on?Yes，only save his life.A.is he；can he B.was him；he canC.is he；he can D.is him；can he答案C (4)Only then how much damage had been caused.A.she realized B.she had realizedC.had she realized D.did she realize答案D解析“only介词短语/句子”这一结构置于句首时，整个
21、主句必须倒装。此外，由then可确定用过去时态。7. As a matter of fact，I do not like violence.but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings.事实上，我不喜欢暴力但1963年我却帮着他炸毁了一些政府的 建筑物。 As a matter of fact，I dont know the truth. 说真的，我不知道事实真相。 Can you lend me a pump to blow up my bicycle tyres? 你能借给我个打气筒给自行车打打气吗？ The bomb
22、 blew up.炸弹爆炸了。 They blew up the old bridge and then built a new one across the river. 他们炸毁了那座旧桥，然后在河上建了座新桥。 as a matter of fact意为“事实上，实际上”，同义短语是in fact。blow up意为“使充气； 爆炸”。blow away吹走 (1)I would like a job which pays more，but I enjoy the work Im doing at the moment.A.in other words B.on the other ha
23、ndC.for one thing D.as a matter of fact 答案B解析本题考查介词短语的用法。in other words换句话说；on the other hand另一方面；for one thing一则，常与for another thing连用，意为再则；as a matter of factin fact事实上。根据句意，B项正确。 (2)The organization is going to the plane.A.blow away B.hide awayC.blow up D.put up答案C8 Elias went to see Nelson Mande
24、la when he was in trouble.伊莱亚斯身处困境时就去找曼德 拉。 I happened to be there when you were in trouble.当你有困难时我碰巧在那儿。 He is ready to help those in trouble.他乐意帮助身处困境的人。 in trouble意为“有困难”，在句中作表语或定语。trouble前无冠词。 make trouble惹是生非 get into trouble遇到麻烦 ask for trouble自找麻烦 have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
25、 have trouble with sth.对有麻烦 take (the) trouble to do sth.不辞辛苦地做某事 (1)He was with the police.A.in danger B.in troubleC.in control D.in need答案B (2)Do you know the I have had finding your house?A.troubles B.difficultiesC.trouble D.difficult答案C9. Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and
26、 white people equal？为让黑 人与白人平等，曼德拉为什么会求助于暴力？ Turn to him for help if (it is) necessary.如果有必要可求助于他。 She often turns to music for comfort when she is sad. 她悲伤时常听音乐寻求安慰。 There was no one in the street to whom I could turn for help at that time. 那时大街上没有我能求助的人。 turn to意为“转向；求助于；致力于”，其中to是介词，后接名词或动名词。 (1)
27、Shes having a lot of trouble with the new computer，but she doesnt know whom to for help.A.turn to B.look forC.deal with D.talk about答案A (2)Through the economic reform，the economic situation of China much better than it used to be.A.turned intoB.turned offC.turned inD.turned out答案D (3)Do you know whe
28、re my blue coat is?Dont bother to look for it.Im sure it will some day.A.turn out B.turn onC.turn up D.turn over答案C伊莱亚斯的故事我的名字叫伊莱亚斯。我是南非的一个穷苦的黑人工人。第一次见到纳尔逊曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。(当时)我才12岁，那是在1952年，曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。他为那些穷苦黑人提供法律指导。他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。由于我所受的教育很少，所以我需要他的帮助。我六岁开始上学。我仅仅在那里读了两年的学校有三公里远。我不得不辍学
29、，因为我的家庭无法继续支付学费和交通费。我既不太会读，也不怎么会写。几经周折，我才在一家金矿找到一份工作。然而在那个时候，你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。糟糕的是我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我很担心我是不是会失业。纳尔逊曼德拉给予我帮助的那一天是我一生中最高兴的日子。他告诉我要想在约翰内斯堡立住脚，应当如何获取所需证件。我对自己的未来又充满了希望。我永远也忘不了他对我的恩情。当他组织了非国大青年联盟时，我马上就参加了这个组织。他说：“过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。”他说的是真话。当时黑人没有选举权，他们无权选择他们的领导人。他们不能做自己想要做的工作。他们所能住的城区都是由白人决定的。他们被打发去住的城外地区是南非最贫穷的地区。在那儿，没有人能够种庄稼。事实上，就像纳尔逊曼德拉所说的：“我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。我们选择向法律进攻。首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律，而当这种方式也得不到允许时，只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。”事实上，我并不喜欢暴力但是在1963年的时候，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。那是很危险的事情，因为如果我被抓住了，可能就会被关进监狱。但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。
