1、课时素养检测 十一Unit 3Period 3. 阅读理解Built during the Hellenisic period (希腊文化时代),sometime between 324 and 246 BCE,the Great Library of Alexandria is said to be an architectural wonder of ancient Egypt. More importantly,the library housed a vast collection of works from all across the ancient world and was a
2、 major center of scholarship. The library was charged with an important task of collecting all of the worlds books,and employed many methods to acquire new works. A well-funded acquisitions department searched the book fairs of Rhodes and Athens,buying individual texts or even whole libraries. Ships
3、 that landed at the harbor of Alexandria were searched for books to add to the librarys collection. The library also employed a number of scholars who produced original works on subjects such as astronomy,mathematics,and physics. In addition,the workers and scholars of the Great Library translated t
4、exts from around the world into Greek. Some of the first translations of Biblical texts into Greek may have taken place at the library in the time of Ptolemy I. Much work was done to edit authoritative versions (权威版) of the Homeric myths (荷马时代的神话) for which the Greeks are so well known today,and the
5、se were only a few of the great works of translation and editing that took place in Alexandria in the Hellenistic period. It is ironic (讽刺的) that the fate of the Great Libraryan institution devoted to the collection and preservation of knowledge is covered in myth and mystery. Many sources say the l
6、ibrary burned down,but the date is uncertain. It may have burned down more than once,either by accident,or design. Smaller sister institutions may have survived the original library,only to be destroyed later. The Great Library,or some version of it,could have survived for anywhere between 300 and 1
7、,000 years. However it ended,there can be little doubt that the scholarship of the Great Library had a great and lasting effect on history,and the works that were kept,translated,or created there have had a great influence on our culture even to the present day. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了亚历山大大图书馆。它不仅是古埃及的建筑
8、奇迹,同时也承担了收集世界各地图书的重担。但是人们却无从知道这个图书馆是如何消失的;不管其结局如何,它对历史甚至现在的文化都产生了巨大影响。1. What can be inferred from the text about the Great Library of Alexandria?A. It was mainly financed by Ptolemy I. B. Some works of it survive to the present day. C. Most Greek myths were originally created at it. D. It aimed to
9、become the worlds knowledge center. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。从第一段中的More importantly,the library housed a vast collection of works. . . and employed many methods to acquire new works. 可知,亚历山大大图书馆的目标是变成世界上的知识中心。2. How does the author explain the translation and editing work of the Great Library?A. By giving examp
10、les. B. By following space order. C. By describing the difference. D. By analyzing cause and effect. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。作者在第二段中提到了Some of the first translations of Biblical texts into Greek may have taken place at the library in the time of Ptolemy I. Much work was done to edit authoritative versions of t
11、he Homeric myths for which the Greeks are so well known today,and these were only a few of the great works of translation and editing that took place in Alexandria in the Hellenistic period. 等具体事例来说明,大图书馆的图书的翻译和编辑工作是如何进行的。3. What does the author think of the Great Library?A. It wasted too much money
12、. B. It inspired modern libraries. C. It was influential and valuable. D. It was too mysterious to be true. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。从文章最后一段中的However it ended,there can be little doubt that the scholarship of the Great Library had a great and lasting effect on history,and the works that were kept,translated,or
13、created there have had a great influence on our culture even to the present day. 可推知,作者在充分肯定亚历山大大图书馆产生的深远影响及文化价值。4. What is the text mainly about?A. The Great Librarys brief history. B. The Great Librarys disappearance. C. The effect of two ancient civilizations. D. The role of libraries throughout
14、history. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文章以三个段落的内容介绍了亚历山大大图书馆从建立之初的图书收集工作、图书馆的编辑和翻译工作、图书馆神秘的消失以及它的历史影响。因此,该篇主要内容是简单介绍这个图书馆的历史。. 完形填空The Adams family home has been taken over by origami (折纸)in all sizes and shapes. No one seems to 1 though. Those paper creations are 2 clean water projects around the world and saving l
15、ives. A messy home is a small price to pay 3. In 2011,Isabelle Adams and her sister Katherine learned that every five seconds a child died from4 of clean water and that girls of their age couldnt go to school 5 they were fetching water all day for their families. They 6 to do something. “So we took
16、something that we loved doingfolding origami,with the7 goal to help fund a well in Ethiopia,” explains Katherine. 8,they ended up selling out and raising far more than that to fully 9 the cost of the well. Katherine,now 13,adds,“It just snowballed,10 the founding of the project Paper for Water. ” In
17、 eight years,this project has 11 more than 2 million for over 200 water projects in 20 different countries. Now,the rest of the Adams family are also12. But at the heart of it,beneath countless paper decorations sit two bold sisters hoping to 13 other girls and boys. “Kids have an incredible ability
18、 to make a real 14 to the world if theyre just given the chance,” Isabelle says,“and if people 15 them in their efforts. ”【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。当Isabelle Adams和她的妹妹Katherine得知世界上每五秒钟就有一名儿童因缺乏清洁水死亡及同龄女孩因整天为家人取水而无法上学后,她们决定通过折纸的方式来为挖水井募集资金。在她们的带动下,其他家庭成员也加入了这一行动。Isabelle说,只要给孩子们机会和支持,他们也能影响世界。1. A. mindB. not
19、iceC. appreciateD. remember【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。mind介意; notice注意到;appreciate感激;remember记住。由下文Adams一家帮助缺水儿童这件事可知他们对家里到处充斥着折纸这件事并不介意。2. A. decoratingB. rewardingC. attractingD. funding【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。decorating装饰; rewarding奖励;attracting吸引;funding资助。由下文中的clean water projects around the world and saving lives可知这
20、些纸制品将用于资助世界各地的清洁水项目,拯救生命。3. A. in exchangeB. in turnC. in returnD. in response【解析】选A。考查介词短语辨析。in exchange作为交换; in turn反过来; in return作为报答; in response作为回答。因为折纸而凌乱的家换来的是这些折纸将要资助的世界各地的清洁水项目,拯救的是生命。4. A. pollutionB. lossC. lackD. waste【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。pollution污染;loss损失;lack缺少;waste浪费。从下文的they were fetchin
21、g water all day for their families女孩整天为家人取水,可知是缺乏可用的清洁水。5. A. althoughB. becauseC. unlessD. while【解析】选B。考查连接词辨析。句意: 2011年,Isabelle Adams和她的妹妹Katherine得知,每五秒钟就有一名儿童死于缺乏清洁水,同龄的女孩无法上学,因为她们整天为家人取水。although尽管;because因为;unless除非;while当时候。本句为原因状语从句,用because。6. A. hesitatedB. decidedC. happenedD. demanded【解
22、析】选B。考查动词辨析。hesitated犹豫; decided决定;happened发生;demanded要求。从下文可知,当她们了解了缺水儿童的情况后,决定要做点事情来帮助他们。7. A. lifelongB. individualC. originalD. solid【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。lifelong终身的; individual个人的;original最初的,原来的;solid坚固的。从上文可知,姐妹二人了解到缺水儿童的情况后,她们最初的目标就是为他们资助一口水井。8. A. ObviouslyB. UnexpectedlyC. SuddenlyD. Gradually【解
23、析】选B。考查副词辨析。obviously明显地; unexpectedly意外地; suddenly突然; gradually逐渐地。从下文的they ended up selling out and raising far more可知,出乎意料的是,她们最终卖完了折纸,筹集到的钱远超她们的预期。9. A. spendB. fillC. offerD. cover【解析】 选D。考查动词辨析。spend花费; fill装满;offer提供;cover足以支付费用。根据上文可知,她们筹集到的资金足以完全支付水井的花费。10. A. trying outB. depending onC. co
24、ntributing toD. appealing to【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。trying out尝试;depending on取决于;contributing to有助于; appealing to使感兴趣。从下文可知,Katherine和Isabelle为Paper for Water项目的建立做出了贡献。11. A. savedB. borrowedC. earnedD. collected【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。saved拯救;borrowed借来;earned挣得;collected筹集。由下文可知,在8年的时间里,这个项目已经为20个不同国家的200多个水利项目筹集了
25、200多万美元。12. A. involvedB. praisedC. recognizedD. employed【解析】选A。 考查动词辨析。involved参与,涉及; praised称赞;recognized辨认;employed雇佣。结合上文可知,Adams家族的其他成员也参与进来。13. A. satisfyB. inspireC. informD. comfort【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。satisfy满足;inspire激励,鼓舞;inform通知;comfort安慰。由下文可知,两姐妹希望用自己的行动来激励其他人。14. A. judgmentB. senseC. diffe
26、renceD. connection【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意: Isabelle说: “孩子们有一种不可思议的能力,只要他们有机会,只要人们支持他们的努力,他们就能真正影响世界。” judgment判断;sense感觉;difference差异;connection连接。此处考查短语make a difference“有影响,有关系”。15. A. supportB. persuadeC. welcomeD. award【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。support支持;persuade说服;welcome欢迎;award奖励。由上文if theyre just given the cha
27、nce可知,只要孩子们有机会和有人支持,他们就能影响世界。. 语法填空Nowadays,time travel is just about everywhere you look,1. _ films to TV shows and even literature. Our society has become obsessed with the idea of traveling through time. However,that wasnt true just 150 years ago. The gate was opened by H. G. Wells novel,The Time
28、 Machine,which 2. _ (publish) in 1895. In this book,Wells describes a man who builds a machine that enables him 3. _ (move) throughout the course of history and into the future. The story is important because it views time as something 4. _(flow). Before this book came out,time was 5. _(basic) viewe
29、d as a one-way street. You could only go forward,and only at one speed. In this way,Wells 6. _(create) account transformed the way people viewed time and time travel. It was so successful largely because it came out at the end of 19th century when tremendous change was in the air. As the 7. _(twenty
30、) century dawned, people were becoming incredibly excited for the future. It was a period of huge technological as well as scientific 8. _(grow) and,for the first time ever,people were living in a way that was dramatically different from 9. _ generation before them. In other words,it was the first t
31、ime that the past,future and present would be entirely different. This simple historical moment is 10. _ made time travel so fascinating. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了时光旅行的相关内容。1. 【解析】from。考查介词。根据语境可知,此处表示从电影到电视节目甚至文学作品,应用“from. . . to. . . ”搭配,所以填介词from。2. 【解析】was published。考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,此处主语whic
32、h指代The Time Machine,为第三人称单数,与publish是动宾关系,且由句中的时间状语“in 1895”可知,应用一般过去时,故填was published。3. 【解析】to move。考查非谓语动词。enable sb. to do sth. 意为“能让某人做某事”,是固定用法,所以填动词不定式作宾语补足语。4. 【解析】flowing。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作something的定语,且flow和something构成逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语。5. 【解析】basically。考查词性转换。修饰动词一般用副词,故填副词basically修
33、饰动词viewed,在句子中作状语。6. 【解析】creative。考查词性转换。根据空前的Wells和空后的名词account“叙述”可知,空处应用形容词creative,在句子中作定语。7. 【解析】twentieth。考查序数词。根据空前的the和空后的century可知,此处指“20世纪”,应填序数词。8. 【解析】growth。考查词性转换。形容词可修饰名词,作定语,且根据语境可知,此处表示科技发展,所以空处应填名词形式growth。9. 【解析】the。考查冠词。根据句意可知,此处表示上一代人,表示特指,所以填定冠词the。10. 【解析】what。考查连接词。分析句子结构可知,此
34、处是一个表语从句,且空处在从句中作主语,表示“的事物”,故应填what。阅读理解Up till about 130 years ago,newspapers in the United States attracted only the most serious readers. They used no illustration (插图) and the articles were about politics or business. Two men changed thatJoseph Pulitzer bought the New York World and William Rand
35、olph Hearst of the New York Journal. Pulitzer bought the New York World in 1883. He changed it from a traditional newspaper into a very exciting one overnight. He added lots of illustrations and he told his reporters to write articles on every crime they could find. And they did. One of thema woman
36、reporter,even pretended she was mad and was sent to a hospital. She then wrote many articles about the poor treatment of patients in those hospitals where mad men were kept. In 1895,Hearst came to New York from California. He wanted the Journal to be more exciting than the World. He also wanted it t
37、o be cheaper,so he lowered the price to a penny. Hearst attracted attention because his newspaper headings were bigger than anyone elses. He often says,“Big print makes big news. ”Pulitzer and Hearst did anything they could to sell newspapers. For example,Hearst sent Frederic Remington,the famous il
38、lustrator,to draw pictures of the Spanish-American War. When he got there,he told Hearst that no fighting was going on,Hearst answered,“You provide the pictures. Ill provide the war. ”【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Joseph Pulitzer和William Randolph Hearst给报纸行业从内容到形式上所带来的巨大变化。1. What kind of news did American news
39、papers carry 130 years ago?A. Only serious matters. B. All kinds of exciting news. C. Crimes and mad people. D. The treatment of patients in hospital. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“Up till about 130 years ago,newspapers in the United States attracted only the most serious readers. They used no illustration
40、and the articles were about politics or business. ”可知,130年前,美国报纸上刊登的新闻只有严肃的内容。2. What can we know about the woman reporter in the second paragraph?A. She helped Joseph Pulitzer buy the New York Journal. B. She was forced to be mad and was sent to a hospital. C. She learned a lot about the real life
41、of the mad patients in hospital. D. She changed the development of American newspaper. 【解析】 选C。推理判断题。从文章第二段中的“One of thema woman reporter,even pretended she was mad and was sent to a hospital. She then wrote many articles about the poor treatment of patients in those hospitals where mad men were kep
42、t. ”可知,女记者假装成疯子进入医院,借此她了解了很多医院里那些疯的病患的真实生活。3. Pulitzer and Hearst used all the means EXCEPT_to make newspapers exciting. A. adding illustrations into newspapersB. satisfying the needs of politiciansC. getting the reporters to write about crimesD. printing big newspaper headings【解析】选B。细节理解题。从第二段中的“He
43、 added lots of illustrations and he told his reporters to write articles on every crime they could find. ”以及倒数第二段中“Hearst attracted attention because his newspaper headings were bigger than anyone elses. He often says,“Big print makes big news. ”可知,A,C和D文中均有涉及,但B项文章并未提及。4. What does this passage mai
44、nly talk about?A. The difficulties that the newspaper owners faced. B. Two most famous reporters of the United States. C. Newspaper owners were fond of crimes and war. D. Two important men changed newspapers greatly. 【解析】选D。 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段中“Two men changed thatJoseph Pulitzer bought the New York World and William Randolph Hearst of the New York Journal. Pulitzer bought the New York World in 1883. He changed it from a traditional newspaper into a very exciting one overnight. 可知,这篇文章主要讲了这两位报业巨头令报纸发生的巨大的变化。
