1、Module 4 Great Scientists一、课前基础自查 (一)分类记单词省时高效.阅读单词(知其意)1biochemistry n生物化学2biology n. 生物学3botany n. 植物学4genetics n. 遗传学5zoology n. 动物学6staple adj. 主要的；重要的7nickname n. 绰号8breeding n. 培育9species n. (动物或植物的)种10yield n. 产量11hybrid n. 杂交种12bestseller n. 畅销书(或唱片等)13brilliant adj. 聪颖的；才华横溢的14relativity n.
2、 相对论15rocket n. 火箭16.quality n质量17gunpowder n. 火药18arrow n. (弓)箭.重点单词(写其形)1leading adj. 主要的 2figure n. 人物 3publish vt. 出版 4breakthrough n. 突破 5support vt. 支持 6convert vt. 改变；转换 7replace vt. 取代；以代替 8victim n. 受害者 9partly adv. 部分地；在一定程度上 10escape vi. 逃跑；逃避；逃脱 11clear vi. (烟雾)消散12quantity n. 数量 .拓展单词(通
3、其变)1producer n生产者produce vt.生产production n生产；产量product n产品2educate vt.教育education n教育educator n教育工作者3agriculture n农业agricultural adj.农业的4original adj.原来的；最初的origin n起源originate vi.起源originally adv.原来；起初5export vt.出口import vt.进口6brief adj.简短的；简洁的briefly adv.简短地7graduate vi.毕业 n毕业生graduation n毕业8perso
4、nal adj.个人的personally adv.就个人而言personality n个性；性格9explode vi.爆炸explosion n. 爆炸；爆炸声语境活用1Though she explained the topic briefly,_we still learned a lot from her brief words. (brief) 2It is originally thought to be a plant of Africa, but no one knows exactly the origin of this plant, because we dont ha
5、ve any original material about it. (origin) 3My brother is a graduate in physics and he graduated from Peking University.He has been working in a famous company after graduation. (graduate) 4This factory produces computers. Its producer is very optimistic about the production and sale. (produce) 5Th
6、e government is attaching more importance to educating the younger generation. In a sense, it is the duty of every educator to do what they can for the cause of education of China. (educate) 6Two bombs exploded in the centre of our city and the explosion caused seven deaths. (explode)(二)练中记短语记牢用活写准记
7、牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.bring_up培养；养育2the_key_to_(doing)_sth. (做)某事的关键3experiment_with 对进行实验4bring_in 引进5carry_out 实施；履行；执行6as_a_result_of 由于的结果7be_known_for 因而出名/闻名8be_diagnosed_with 被诊断患有疾病9earn_ones_living 谋生 10come_to_power 掌权 1.The 21st Century Chinese Training School is_known_for providing training f
8、or foreign learners of Chinese. 2As_a_result_of the big fire, thousands of people lost their homes. 3At thirteen, he was_diagnosed_with kind of attention disorder. 4Some uneducated and unskilled people earn_their_living by doing manual labor. 5New technology has been brought_in since China was open
9、to the outside world. 6Scientific farming is the_key_to the further development of agriculture. 7The artists had little faith in the political leader who came_to_power after the war. 8A successful person always lays out plans carefully and lays aside all the other things to carry_out his plans.(三)仿写
10、明句式以用为本教材原句句式解读句式仿写1.In Stephen Hawkings case it was discovered that he was a brilliant scientist. 就史蒂芬霍金的情况来说，人们发现他是一个卓越的科学家。It is/was过去分词that从句。据报道，在这次事故中没有乘客受伤。 It_is_reported_that no passengers were injured in the accident.2.The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket mo
11、ving in a straight direction. 这些管子被绑在一根长木棍上，这根木棍能使火箭直线前进。keep宾语宾语补足语。他们使用电脑来保持交通的平稳运行。 They use computers to keep_the_traffic_running smoothly.3.Or was he carried miles into space, becoming the worlds first astronaut? 或者他被带到了太空中数英里的地方，成为世界上第一个宇航员？现在分词短语作结果状语。中国修建了更多的高速公路，使得人们从一个地方到另一个地方的旅行更加容易。More
12、highways have been built in China, making_it_much_easier_for_people_to_travel from one place to another. 二、课堂重点深化1support vt.& n支持；拥护；支撑；供养自主体验单句语法填空 My parents always support me in what I want to do. With the support of the government, many patients in poor areas can afford to go to hospital. Sever
13、al members spoke in support of the volunteers at the meeting yesterday. 系统归纳(1)support sb.in sth. 在某方面支持某人 support a (ones) family/oneself 养家糊口/自力更生(2)come to ones support 来支持某人 with ones supportwith the support of sb. 在某人的支持下 in support of 支持；拥护重点强化佳句时时写他组织一个大型聚会的建议已经得到了朋友们的支持。His_idea_to_organise_
14、a_big_party_has_won_support_from_his_friends.2quantity n数量；大量自主体验单句语法填空A large quantity of money has_been_collected (collect) to help those suffering from the floods.In the first place, vehicles send large quantities of poisonous gases which are (be) a major source of air pollution.Quantities (quant
15、ity) of food and tents were sent to earthquakestricken areas.We can offer you a better price if you can buy it in quantity.系统归纳a large (good)/small quantity of大/少量的large quantities of 大量的；许多的in quantity 大量地in quantity and quality 在数量和质量上重点强化佳句时时写(2017全国卷书面表达) 首先，最令人期待的活动是一年一度的乒乓球比赛，包括大量有天赋的球员。To beg
16、in with, the most expected activity is the annual table tennis competition_that_involves a large_quantity_of_talented_players.3escape v& n逃跑；逃避；逃脱；避开；(气体、液体等)漏出；被遗忘自主体验写出下列句中escape的含义Seeing the poisonous gas escaping from the broken pipe, he sounded the alarm.漏出The two officers were extremely lucky
17、to escape serious injury.避开Bob looked back only to find an old classmate whose name escaped him for the moment.被遗忘单句语法填空That was a narrow escape all right when our car turned over!He escaped being_killed (kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work.系统归纳(1)escape (doing) sth.逃脱(做)某事 escape
18、 from/out of . 从逃跑/逃走 escape sb./ones attention/notice 逃过某人的注意/被某人遗忘(2)a narrow escape 死里逃生；幸免于难重点强化佳句时时写令他们宽慰的是，他们的学生侥幸从摇动的大楼中逃脱出来。To their relief, their students narrowly escaped_from_the_shaking_building.4clear vi.(烟雾)消散；(天)变晴vt.使清澈；使清楚；消除adj.清澈的；晴朗的；清晰的自主体验单句语法填空It was a fine day once the mist h
19、ad cleared up. It really seemed ages before the police came on the scene and cleared away the damaged cars. Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. 系统归纳(1)clear away清除；驱散；拿走；收拾clear up (天)放晴；整理；清理；消除(误会)clear ones throat (说话前)清嗓子(2)make .clear/made it clear that .阐明
20、；明确表示It is clear that . 显然重点强化佳句时时写显然，手机在青少年中很普遍并且改变了他们的生活方式。It_is_clear_that_mobile_phones_have_become_popular_among_teenagers_and_changed_their_way_of_life.1earn ones living谋生自主体验补全句子 Im trying to persuade him to give up the attempt to earn_his_living/make_a_living_by writing. 我尽力劝说他放弃通过写作谋生的想法。Th
21、e company has earned_a_good_reputation_for reliability. 公司因为可靠性赢得了好名声。Sometimes they may play to passersby in the street or subway so that they can earn_extra_money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.有时，他们会在街上或地铁里给过路人演奏，这样他们就可以自己挣额外的钱，或者买他们的乐器。系统归纳make a living earn ones living谋生earn one
22、s own living 自食其力earn extra money/a fortune 挣取额外收入/挣大钱earn sb. praise/a good reputation 为某人赢得赞扬/好名声重点强化佳句时时写我曾经向我的父母承诺，我将在毕业后努力自食其力。I_once_made_a_promise_to_my_parents_that_I_would_try_to_earn_my_own_living_after_graduation.2come to/into power 掌权；上台；执政自主体验单句语法填空Though he has been in power for two ye
23、ars, he hasnt found an effective solution to the countrys economic problems. Not that I dont want to help you, but that its beyond_my power to do so. When the government came to/into power, he was named minister of Culture Ministry.系统归纳in power当权；掌权 beyond ones power 不能胜任；超过了某人的能力 within/in ones pow
24、er 有能力；力所能及重点强化佳句时时写我将尽我所能帮助你。I_will_do_everything_in/within_my_power_to_help_you._“come into名词”构成的短语还有：come into being形成；产生come into existence 开始存在；建立；产生 come into effect/force 生效 come into use 开始使用 come into sight/view 看见；进入视野 come into fashion 开始流行 3keep宾语宾语补足语教材原句The tubes were attached to a lon
25、g stick which helped keep_the_rocket_moving in a straight direction.自主体验The question kept_me_wondering for the rest of the night.这个问题让我在接下来的晚上一直在想。It is necessary that we keep_the_young_generation_informed of the current affairs.我们有必要让年轻一代了解时事。It can prevent us from getting shortsighted and it can k
26、eep_us_physically_healthy.它能够使我们预防近视，而且能使我们身体健康。归纳点拨用法规则keep宾语宾语补足语的常用结构：(1)keepn./pron.现在分词(2)keepn./pron.过去分词(3)keepn./pron.形容词/副词/名词/介词短语注意事项在“keep宾语宾语补足语”结构中，现在分词与宾语之间为主动关系，过去分词与宾语之间为被动关系。佳句背诵(增分要点句)For another, spending too much time on entertainment will only keep us away from our studies.(增分要
27、点句)(2015四川高考书面表达)And you also should keep it in mind that comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study.本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“科学精神”子话题相对应一、话题语素积累多一点话题词汇记一记子话题(一)科学研究温故浅易词汇studysolvepuzzleobserve discover achievecause cure theoryprogress award guess识记生疏词汇establ
28、ishment n建立organize vt.组织inspiration n灵感 reduce vt.减少design vt.设计 development n发展invent vt.发明 undertake vt.承担；负责honour n荣誉 control vt.控制子话题(二)科学家品质与智力温故浅易词汇determinedhardworkingintelligence talented outstanding grateful mercy kind support devoted courage curious识记生疏词汇potential adj.潜在的creative adj.创造
29、性的virtue n美德；品行 dignity n尊贵；高尚generous adj.慷慨大方的 reliable adj.可信赖的considerate adj.考虑周到的 confident adj.自信的strongwilled adj.意志坚强的 diligent adj.勤奋的常用词块忆一忆make great contributions to对做出突出贡献become involved in 参与in the field of 在领域get over varieties of difficulties 克服各种各样的困难play a leading role in 起着重要的作用a
30、chieve ones dream 实现某人的梦想have made rapid progress in 在某方面取得很大的进步find a cure for 找到一个治疗方法receive the Nobel Peace Prize 获得诺贝尔和平奖face the challenge 面对挑战devote oneself to 致力于写作佳句背一背It is science and technology that make our life more convenient.The little girl is so interested in the physical world that
31、 she will no doubt be a great scientist.In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.Owing to his great contribution to agriculture, Yuan Longping will always be remembered as “Father of Hybrid Rice”二、“分步写作”表达准一点话题应用文分步写作假定你是李华，
32、请根据下列表格中的内容提示，为校报的英语园地写一篇英语短文， 介绍你最崇拜的一位中国科学家。姓名梁建英出生年份1972年职务中国高铁总设计师主要经历(1)1995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研究工作(2)研制出时速300350千米高速动车组(3)2015年获奖注意：1.词数8左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：高速动车组highspeed EMU第一步：句写对给词写句award, general designer, invent, thanks to, play a leading role, devote oneself to1梁建英是中国高铁总设计师，她出生于1972年。Lian
33、g_Jianying_is_general designer_of_the_China_highspeed_EMU.She_was born_in_1972.2梁建英1995年毕业，一直致力于研究中国高速列车的发展。Liang_Jianying_graduated_in_1995.She_has_been_devoting_all_her_time_to_researching_into_the_development_of_the_China_highspeed_railway.3她研制出时速300350千米高速动车组。She_invented_the_300350_km/h_highspe
34、ed_EMU.4因为她创造性的努力工作，中国在全世界高铁领域起着重要的作用。Thanks_to_her_creative_and_hard_work,_China_is_playing_a_leading_role_in_highspeed_railways_all_over_the_world.5她在2015年获奖。She_was_awarded_in_2015.第二步：量写够语句扩充6第2句后增加“她工作努力，克服了各种各样的困难”。She_has_worked_hard_and_got_over_varieties_of_difficulties.7第3句增加简单句“它使人们快速出行便利
35、”。She_invented_the_300350_km/h_highspeed_EMU.It_is_convenient_for_people_to_get_around_quickly.8第5句增加原因状语“因为她对我们国家做出的杰出贡献”。Because_of_her_outstanding_contributions_to_our_country,_she_was_awarded_in_2015.9文章结尾处增加“梁建英给我们树立了一个好榜样。从她身上，我意识到我们应当不断努力直到实现我们的梦想”。Liang_Jianying_has_set_a_good_example_to_us.
36、From_her,_I_realize_that_we_should_keep_on_trying_until_we_achieve_our_dreams.第三步：语写美词句升格1第1句合并升级为一个定语从句。Liang_Jianying_who_was_born_in_1972,_is_general_designer_of_the_China_highspeed_EMU.2第2句用since引导的时间状语从句合并升级。Since_she_graduated_in_1995,_she_has_been_devoting_all_her_time_to_researching_into_the
37、_development_of_the_China_highspeed_railway.3第4句升级为强调句型。It_is_thanks_to_her_creative_and_hard_work_that_China_is_playing_a_leading_role_in_highspeed_railways_all_over_the_world.4第7句用v.ing形式作结果状语合并升级。She_invented_the_300350_km/h_highspeed_EMU,_making_it_convenient_for_people_to_get_around_quickly.第四步
38、：篇连顺衔接成文用as we all know， as a consequence连句成文。As_we_all_know,_Liang_Jianying_who_was_born_in_1972,_is_general_designer_of_the_China_highspeed_EMU.Since_she_graduated_in_1995,_she_has_been_devoting_all_her_time_to_researching_into_the_development_of_the_China_highspeed_railway.She_has_worked_hard_and
39、_got_over_varieties_of_difficulties.As_a_consequence,_she_invented_the_300350_km/h_highspeed_EMU,_making_it_convenient_for_people_to_get_around_quickly.It_is_thanks_to_her_creative_and_hard_work_that_China_is_playing_a_leading_role_in_highspeed_railways_all_over_the_world.Because_of_her_outstanding_
40、contributions_to_our_country,_she_was_awarded_in_2015.Liang_Jianying_has_set_a_good_example_to_us.From_her,_I_realize_that_we_should_keep_on_trying_until_we_achieve_our_dreams.单词拼写1Just as I was wondering what to do next, I saw a familiar figure (人物) passing by our classroom.2The city council is tak
41、ing steps to replace (取代) its street cars with buses.3Surgeons have made a great breakthrough (突破) in the kidney transplantation.4He published (出版) his first novel when he was eighteen years old.5Use a small cushion to help give support (支撑) to the lower back.6He let out a long sigh, mainly of relie
42、f, partly (部分地) of sadness.7On a clear (晴朗的) day you can see the coast.8Weve always placed quality before quantity (数量).语境语法填空1Wang Gang was born and brought up in a remote mountain village, where people mainly earned their living by farming.As a result of lacking advanced farming technique, they li
43、ved a hard life.After new farming technique was brought in,_their life was getting better and better.2Mrs Green was_diagnosed (diagnose) with breast cancer, and went to a doctor who was known for treating cancers.The doctor carried out a series of treatments on her, and told her that the key to reco
44、vering (recover) rapidly was to have a relaxed mind.Following the doctors advice, she gradually picked up.3It is clear to everyone that nothing can replace mothers love and care.His mother, who earned her living by selling newspapers, spent a large quantity of money on his education (educate)He beca
45、me an outstanding figure in his field soon after his graduation (graduate)His first book was_published (publish) last week. In brief, it was his mothers support that contributed to his success.根据提示补全句子1建议你与不同性格或背景的人交朋友。(It is过去分词that从句)It_is_suggested_that you should make friends with people having
46、different characters or backgrounds.2这完全超出了我的能力。我决心要放弃它。(power) It is quite beyond_my_power. Im determined to give it up.3孩子们被要求保持教室干净整洁。(keep宾语宾语补足语)Children are requested to keep_the_classroom_clean_and_tidy.4今年夏天南方雨下得很大，导致几个省份严重洪灾。(分词短语作结果状语)It rained heavily in the south this summer, causing_ser
47、ious_flooding_in_several_provinces.短文填空()根据提示填空Tu Youyou, the_first_Chinese_woman_to_win_the_Nobel_Prize (第一个获得诺贝尔奖的中国女性) in science, has made us all proud.Tu, born in 1930, discovered (discover) artemisinin(青蒿素), a drug that has reduced the death rates for patients who were_exposed (expose) to mala
48、ria(疟疾)Artemisinin is a gift for the world people from the traditional Chinese medicine.Tus winning the prize shows that China has_made_rapid_progress_in (在某方面取得很大进步) scientific and technological field and marks great contributions (contribute) of traditional Chinese medicine to the cause of human h
49、ealth.After graduation, she was_absorbed (absorb) in studying traditional Chinese medicine and wanted to find_a_cure_for (找到一个治疗方法) malaria.In her study process, though defeated (defeat) many times, she never gave up.At last she put_forward_many_advanced_theories (提出许多先进的方法) and her discovery made a
50、 great contribution to the development of traditional Chinese medicine.From her, I realize that only if one can do something successfully in life does it make_sense (有意义)()片段选词填空receive the Nobel Peace Prize， put an end to， break out， become involved in， remain， thanks to， for peace， achievement， st
51、rengthen， as well as Bertha Von Suttner was the first woman to receive_the_Nobel_Peace_Prize in 1905 .She met Alfred Nobel, a rich millionaire, by answering his newspaper ad for a secretary. Although she only worked for him for a few weeks, she remained good friends with Alfred Nobel for the next 20
52、 years. When she _became_involved_in the peace movement in Europe, she promised to keep Nobel informed of its progress. When Alfred Nobel died in 1896, his will included the establishment of a peace prize, thanks_to Bertha Von Suttners influence.Bertha Von Suttner was born in a rich family, but she
53、spent the second half of her life working for_peace. She wrote books, attended peace conferences, gave lectures and helped organize peace societies in Austria, Germany and Hungary, _as_well_as the International Peace Bureau in Switzerland.Bertha Von Suttner worked so hard for peace because she belie
54、ved that a terrible war would break_out in Europe if nations didnt work hard to establish lasting peace institutions. She made many major achievements for a more peaceful world, but two months after she died, World War broke out. But like Bertha Von Suttner did, many today are working hard around th
55、e world to help strengthen peace institutions and spread the idea that its time to put_an_end_to war.一、复现单元考点增强备考信心.高考中的语法填空1(2018全国卷) But when Dennis Williams received a text that clearly (clear) wasnt intended for him, he did something special. 2(2018江苏高考) To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed
56、 with a serious disease. 3(2017北京高考)More recently, the foundation began another campaign called National Red Scarf Day a day when people donate 20 and wear red scarves in support of Canadas hungry and homeless.4(2017北京高考) Several days later, when the video was played on the graduation (graduate) cer
57、emony, it was well received. 5(2017天津高考) Explain your frustrations calmly and sensibly see it as an opportunity to clear up any difficulties you may have with this person.6(2016北京高考)When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities (quantity) of lead.7(2016江
58、苏高考) It makes no difference from ordinary voting events, in which candidates go around to seek supports (support). 8(2011山东高考)The root of the problem, as with many addictions, is the desire to escape from emotional difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relationship problems.高考中的完形填空(选用clear, esca
59、pe, in support of填空)1(2018全国卷完形填空) Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this job was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it _49_ that our credits would be hardearned._clear2(2017天津高考完形填空) My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year
60、and raise 50,000 _25_ a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger.in_support_of3(2013湖北高考完形填空) His heart beat wildly, and without thinking he started to run and luckily _41_ the cats paws (爪子)escaped二、复现话题词汇提高阅读准度新高考下的命题新视角：科学精神是一个国家繁荣富强、一个民族进步必不可少的精神。习近平在全国政协会议上强调“要在全社会弘扬科学精神，要有求真务实的科学态度和只争朝夕的奋斗精
61、神”。科学精神是科学发展观的灵魂，带领我们一步步走向胜利。科学精神相关话题的题目也一直是高考中的热点，建议考生多多关注与此相关的材料。话题感悟学习目标 语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)1Whats the most important thing in life?2Peoples answers vary greatly. For British scientist Robert Edwards，the answer is having a child.“Nothing is more special than a child，” he told
62、 the BBC.3Edwards, the inventor of the In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)technology more commonly known as “testtube (试管) baby” technology passed away on April 10,2013 at the age of 87.4“Edwards changed the lives of millions of ordinary people who now rejoice (高兴) in the gift of their own child，” said Pet
63、er Braude, a professor at Kings College London. “He leaves the world a much better place.”5Edwards started his experiments as early as the 1950s，when he had just finished his PhD in genetics. At that time，much of the public viewed testtube babies as “scary”， according to Mark Sauer, a professor at C
64、olumbia University, US.6Edwards and his colleague Patrick Steptoe faced opposition from churches, governments and media, not to mention attacks from many of their fellow scientists. “People said that we should not play God and we should not interfere with nature，” Edwards once told Times. He said th
65、at he felt “quite alone” at the time.7“But Edwards was a fighter, and he believed in what he was doing，” said Sauer. Without support from the government, the two struggled to raise funds to carry on. And in 1968 they finally developed a method to successfully fertilize human eggs outside the body.8T
66、he first testtube baby was born on July 25,1978.Her name was Louise Brown. Despite peoples safety concerns，Brown was just as healthy as other children.9“IVF had moved from vision to reality and a new era in medicine had begun，” BBC commented.10Ever since then, public opinion has evolved considerably
67、. Couples who were unable to have babies began thronging (涌向) to Edwards clinic. Nowadays, Reuters reports, some 4.3 million other “testtube” children exist. Edwards received a Nobel Prize in 2010 and was knighted (封为爵士) by Queen Elizabeth the following year.11Before his death, Edwards was still in
68、touch with Louise. “He is like a granddad to me，” she said in an interview with the Daily Mail.12He is a granddad to millions, in fact. 语篇解读：本文介绍了IVF技术的发明者英国科学家Robert Edwards。1Whats the article mainly about?AThe first testtube baby.BA new era in medicine.CThe inventor of IVF technology.DThe changes
69、IVF technology has brought.解析：选C主旨大意题。根据第三段“Edwards，the inventor of the In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) technology”及下文内容可知文章主要讲的是IVF技术的发明者。故选C。2The writer quoted Peter Braude to _.Ashow how difficult it was for Edwards to do his workBdescribe what kind of person Edwards was Cexplain why he is loved by
70、all childrenDcomment on his achievement解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容可知，Edwards改变了数百万普通人的生活，这些人因拥有了自己的孩子而高兴不已，他让这个世界更美好。由此可知引用的话是对Edwards成就的高度评价。故选D。3The underlined word “opposition” in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to “_”AattackBsupportCtestDinfluence解析：选A词义猜测题。第六段第一句“Edwards and his colleague Patrick St
71、eptoe faced opposition from churches, governments and media，not to mention attacks from many of their fellow scientists.”提到了同事的攻击(attacks)，说明opposition的意思和“攻击”(attack)是相似的。故选A。4What is the correct order of events in Edwards life?aHe received a Nobel Prize.bHe struggled to raise funds.cThe first test
72、tube baby was born.dHe was knighted by Queen Elizabeth .eHe succeeded in fertilizing human eggs outside body.fHe started his experiments on IVF technology.AfebcadBfbecdaCfbecadDfedacb解析：选C细节理解题。根据短文的时间线索可知先是f开始实验，然后b筹集资金，然后e成功，然后c第一个试管婴儿出现，然后a得到诺贝尔奖，最后d受嘉奖，故选C。学习目标 题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透词义猜测技法(2)根据并列关系猜测词义
73、当被考查的词或短语所在句有and, or, not only . but also ., as well as, both .and ., neither .nor .等并列连词，或有短语not to mention时，其连接的两项内容在意义上是一致或接近的，由此可推出该生词或短语的意思。以上文第3题为例：A(2019长春外国语学校模拟)Saturns icy moon Enceladus could theoretically be home to methaneproducing (产甲烷的) alien life, NASA said. Researchers made the anno
74、uncement based on data from 2015, when the spacecraft Cassini detected the presence of hydrogen during a flight through a cloud of gas and ice erupting from Enceladus south pole. The hydrogen could be a sign of methanogenesis, a form of breath in which microbes (微生物) produce methane.“This is a very
75、significant finding because the hydrogen could be a potential source of chemical energy for any microbes that might be in Enceladus ocean，” Linda Spilker, a scientist at NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory, said at a press conference. “We now know that Enceladus has almost all of the ingredients you wou
76、ld need to support life as we know it on Earth.” The findings were published in the journal Science.“This is the closest weve come, so far, to identifying a place with some of the ingredients needed for a habitable environment，” Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for NASAs Science Mission Dir
77、ectorate, said in a statement. “These results demonstrate the nature of NASAs science missions that are getting us closer to answering whether we are indeed alone or not.”NASA also announced that the Hubble Space Telescope observed what may have been water vapor emerging from the surface of Jupiters
78、 moon Europa in 2014, and again around the same area in 2016.Confirming the existence of Europas gas would allow researchers to study that moons chemical makeup without having to dig through miles of icy crust (表面). The Cassini and Hubble discoveries related to these “ocean worlds” will help scienti
79、sts plan NASAs Europa Clipper mission, set to launch in the 2020s. The plan is for the unmanned spacecraft to orbit Jupiter and perform a detailed investigation of Europa.“These discoveries are coming just at the perfect time，” Jim Green, director of NASAs Planetary Science Division, said. “It enabl
80、es us to make the right set of observations that can tell us much more about these ocean worlds, Europa in particular.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。飞船在土卫二探测到气体，表明土卫二可能存在外星生命。1The new discovery made the scientists feel more _.AconfidentBdoubtfulCworriedDconfused解析：选A细节理解题。由第二段中的“This is a very significant finding”，
81、第三段中的“This is the closest weve come”及最后一段中的“These discoveries are coming just at the perfect time”可知，新的发现让科学家们对探测外星生命的任务更加有信心。2According to the text, NASAs science missions aim to _.Amake space travel a realityBanalyze Jupiters chemical makeupCfind out whether life exists outside EarthDexplore the r
82、esources on Saturns icy moon解析：选C细节理解题。由第三段中的“These results demonstrate the nature of NASAs science missions that are getting us closer to answering whether we are indeed alone or not.”可知，NASA科学任务的本质是弄清是否只有地球上存在生命。3Which would be a suitable title for the text?AThere is life outside EarthBEnceladus c
83、ould harbor alien lifeCA new study about Saturn beginsDNASA is planning a landing on Jupiter解析：选B标题归纳题。本文重点在于告诉我们最近发现土卫二南极有氢气，这个迹象可能是外星生命存在的证明。故B项最适合作文章标题。BIllegally traded endangered species that escape, forming secondary populations, offer hope to their longterm survival, a study suggests.“This fi
84、rst came to my attention when I read a news story about the seizure of an illegal shipment of 23 yellowcrested cockatoos (小葵花凤头鹦鹉)，” said Luke Gibson, a college teacher.He learned that the species was critically endangered, which surprised him.This encouraged Dr. Gibson and his colleague to investig
85、ate how a critically endangered species had become selfsustaining outside of its natural range.They discovered 49 cases of a globally threatened species becoming established as a separate population, including the yellowcrested cockatoo in their city.“This is a species which is primarily threatened
86、by wildlife trade，” he told BBC News.“Poachers go out into the forest in its native range in eastern Indonesia and capture the birds and then ship them off, usually up to our city where there is a strong demand for pet birds.This is what has fueled the decline of this species in its native range. Bu
87、t its really interesting because that same cause also had another effect: some of the people who were keeping this species here accidentally or intentionally released them.” As a result of enough of the birds being set free, it allowed a new selfsustaining population to be established in this city.T
88、he government of Dr.Gibsons city has made it illegal to capture the species, even though it is a nonnative species.Because the city is affluent and relatively well educated, the cases of people breaking the law are extremely rare, explained Dr.Gibson.Unlike in its native range in Indonesia where cap
89、turing birds forms a major source of income.However, there can be downsides (缺点) to the newly established population of endangered species, such as a limited genetic pool, and suffering from novel diseases.It did also present a possible “very interesting” opportunity for conservationists, Dr.Gibson
90、suggested.This would involve “harvesting” some of the newly established secondary population, which may provide a way to help slow global biodiversity loss.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。濒临灭绝的小葵花凤头鹦鹉遭非法交易，但幸运地被饲养这一物种的一些人释放，因此得以生存繁衍，形成次生种群，这也为自然环境保护主义者提供了一种缓解生物多样性丧失的途径。4What was beyond Gibsons expectations according
91、 to the first paragraph?AThe high rate of wildlife trade.BThe preciousness of the birds.CThe fact that the birds nearly disappear.DThe news that the birds were poached.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“He learned that the species was critically endangered, which surprised him.”可知，卢克吉布森博士因获知小葵花凤头鹦鹉是严重濒危物种而感到惊讶。5W
92、hat happened unexpectedly when the birds were shipped abroad?AThey formed a separate population.BThey were kept as pet birds.CThey were traded illegally.DThey were killed for research.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But its really interesting . a new selfsustaining .”可知，这些海运过来的鹦鹉被一些养鸟人释放了，最终使得它们形成一个新的自给自足的独立的群体，
93、故选A。6Which can replace the underlined word “affluent”？APeaceloving.BRich.CFree.DEnvironmentfriendly.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“and relatively well educated, the cases of people breaking the law are extremely rare”及“Unlike in its native range in Indonesia where capturing birds forms a major source of income.
94、”可知，画线词意为“富裕的”。故选B。7For what purpose did the author write the passage?ATo appeal to everyone to stop the wildlife trade.BTo explain the challenge the wild birds are facing.CTo introduce a creative approach to wildlife conservation.DTo raise peoples awareness of protecting endangered species.解析：选C写作意
95、图题。根据文章内容尤其是第一段的“Illegally traded endangered species that escape, forming secondary populations, offer hope to their longterm survival, a study suggests.”及最后一段的“It did also present a possible very interesting opportunity for conservationists .which may provide a way to help slow global biodiversity loss.”可知，濒临灭绝的小葵花凤头鹦鹉由于社会环境的干预，形成了次生种群，而这可能会为保护野生动物提供一种创造性的方法。
