1、海淀区高一年级第二学期期中练习英语试题2019.4学校_班级_姓名_成绩_考生须知1. 本试卷共8页，共四大部分，6道小题，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。2. 在试卷和答题卡上准确填涂学校名称、班级、姓名和准考证号。3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4. 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5. 考试结束，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：听力理解（共三节，20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和
2、阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1. How long does the woman play the violin per week?A. For 2 hours. B. For 3 hours. C. For 5 hours.2. Which subject did Mandy fail this time?A. Chemistry. B. Physic. C. Biology.3. Where did the man spend his weekend?A. At the seaside. B. At home. C. In the hills.4. How does the woma
3、n feel about the movie?A. Its amazing B. Its disappointing. C. Its exciting.5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom.第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每
4、段对话或独白你将听两遍。听下面一段材料，回答第6至7题。6. Where is the parking lot for students?A. Off the school campus (校园).B. On the west side of the campus.C. On the east side of the campus.7. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Where the woman can park.B. What the parking lot is like.C. How long the woman can p
5、ark.听下面一段材料，回答第8至9题。8. How can the improve his grades?A. By learning grammar. B. By taking notes. C. By reviewing.9. What is the man doingA. Asking for some advice.B. Arguing with the professor.C. Complaining about his grades.听下面一段材料，回答第10至12题。10. When will the man fly to Hong Kong?A. On Sept. 11th.
6、 B. On Sept. 12th. C. On Sept. 13th.11. How much does the man need to pay?A. $102. B. $167. C. $176.12. Why is the man making the call?A. To book a ticket. B. To check the dates. C. To change a flight.听下面一段材料，回答第13至15题。13. What is the name of the new show?A. Cook it Fast. B. Hot Food. C. How to Cook
7、.14. How long will the first show last?A. 15 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 45 minutes.15 What is the purpose of the speech?A. To introduce a new show to food lovers.B. To encourage teenagers to start cooking.C. To compare the new and old cookery shows.第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）听下面一段独白，完成第16至20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听
8、独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。Online Classes are independent learners have no 17 classroom have to 18 all the materials themselves can research about assignments on the Internet. have teachers follow course outlines have 16Traditional Classes have 19 spend the whole day at school get
9、materials from the 20 cant do research when computers are not available第二部分：知识运用（共两节，35分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AIn the beginning, the computer was as large as a room. This worried the designers. As time went by, it became smaller an
10、d smaller. With artificial intelligence, it was getting _1_ (smart) and quicker. In the early 1960s, computers _2_ (connect) by a network, which enabled their users to share information with others. Since the 1970s, computers _3_ (become) very important in communication, finance and trade.【答案】1. sma
11、rter 2. were connected 3. have become【解析】这是一篇说明文。简要介绍了电脑的发展历程。【1题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：有了人工智能，它变得越来越聪明，越来越快。根据下文and quicker可知应填形容词比较级smarter。【2题详解】考查被动语态。句意：在20世纪60年代早期，计算机通过网络连接，用户可以与其他人共享信息。本句中主语computers与谓语动词connect构成被动关系，且根据时间状语In the early 1960s应用一般过去，主语为复数，故填were connected。【3题详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从20世纪70年代以
12、来，计算机在通讯、金融和贸易方面变得非常重要。根据时间状语Since the 1970s可知应用现在完成时，主语为复数，故填have become。BMr. Black offered his advice on _4_ (choose) a good school for Paul. The one at Caen was generally considered to be the best. So Paul decided to go to Caen. He said his goodbyes _5_ (brave), for he was quite pleased that he w
13、as going to live in a place _6_ he would have some friends of his own. His mom was unhappy, however, she had to accept it because she knew that he must have a good education. Pauls sister quickly got used to being on her own, but she _7_ (find) the house very quiet without him.【答案】4. choosing 5. bra
14、vely 6. where 7. found【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了家人对于保罗选择哪一所好学校不同的反应。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：布莱克先生为保罗选择一所好学校提出了他的建议。本空做介词on的宾语，构成动名词短语，故填choosing。【5题详解】考查副词。say为动词，需要副词修饰，故填bravely。【6题详解】考查关系副词。句意：他很高兴自己将要住在一个有自己朋友的地方。本句为定语从句修饰先行词place，且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故填关系副词where。【7题详解】考查动词时态。句意：保罗的妹妹很快就习惯了一个人住，但是她发现没有他的房子很安静。根据上文谓语go
15、t used to可知应用一般过去时，故填found。CBicycles, _8_ used to be a major means of transportation, are becoming popular again. New York City, together with London, Paris, Hangzhou and many other _9_ (city) throughout the world, gets bike-sharing systems of their very own. More and more people are considering usi
16、ng bikes _10_ a replacement for cars, and how to improve bike-friendly crossroads is also under discussion.【答案】8. which 9. cities 10. as【解析】这是一篇说明文。自行车，过去是一种主要的交通工具，现在又开始流行起来。越来越多的人正在考虑用自行车代替汽车。【8题详解】考查定语从句连接词。句意：自行车，过去是一种主要的交通工具，现在又开始流行起来。本句为定语从句修饰先行词Bicycles，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填which。【9题详解】考查名词的数。cit
17、y为可数名词，本句中被many修饰应用复数形式，故填cities。【10题详解】考查介词。句意：越来越多的人正在考虑用自行车替代汽车。短语consider as“将视为”，故填as。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，共20分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从方框中选择适当的词填空，其中有一个选项为多余选项。When Marco Polo was 17 years old, he travelled _11_ Europe and Asia with his father,who wanted to do trade with the Chinese. And _12_ they arri
18、ved in Beijing.Marco was amazed by how beautiful and powerful China was. He was impressed by Beijing and the Emperors palace. He was surprised to see Chinese people using paper money in the markets because he could not understand how people could pay for food and valuable things with paper! He was a
19、lso _13_ by the black stones people used to burn for fuel. The black stones were coal, but Marco had never seen it before.Not long after his return to Italy, a local war _14_. During the war, he was caught by the enemy and put into prison. Another prisoner, who was an author, took _15_ while Marco t
20、old all his stories about China and wrote the stories in a book called The Description of the World.【答案】11. A 12. F 13. C 14. B 15. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了17岁的马可波罗和想和中国人做生意的父亲游历中国，在中国的所见所闻的故事。【11题详解】考查介词。句意：当马可波罗17岁时，他和他想和中国人做生意的父亲一起游历了欧洲和亚洲。短语travel across“游览；游历”，故选A。12题详解】考查副词。句意：他们最终到了北京。arrive为动词，需要副词修
21、饰，故选F。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：他还对人们用来烧燃料的黑石头感到困惑。短语be confused by“对感到困惑”，故选C。【14题详解】考查动词短语。句意：他回到意大利不久以后，当地战争爆发。根据主语local war可知应选B，表示“爆发（战争）”。故选B。【15题详解】考查名词。句意：另一名囚犯是一名作家，当马可讲述他所有关于中国的故事时，他记录了下来。并把这些故事写在一本名为世界的描述的书里时。take dictation“做口述笔录”，故选D。B阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Finding Home“I hate New
22、Orleans! I wanna go home!” I _16_ to my mother as we moved boxes. _17_ , going home was not easy because my home was 1, 100 miles away.I was born and _18_ in northern Virginia. Virginia was my home, and I never expected that to _19_. In 2014, my family experienced a tragedy (悲剧), so my parents decid
23、ed to move to my moms hometown of New Orleans.Only three months after my parents made the _20_ to move, I found myself moving boxes into our new house. My announcement to my mother that I _21_ the new environment was partly motivated by how hot it was, but it was mostly due to the fact that I felt l
24、ike my entire life had been turned upside down. 1,100 miles away from everyone and everything I had ever known, I was _22_. To make matters worse, I was starting high school in two weeks Beginning high school is a scary _23_ on its own.I spent my first few months in New Orleans, _24_ wanting to go h
25、ome to Virginia. But after a few months of missing home, I _25_ that I had a choice. I could continue thinking about how much I missed my old home, _26_ I could start trying to build a new home right here. I chose the latter.As soon as I stopped giving all my _27_ to how much I missed Virginia, I wa
26、s able to begin accepting the love that people were already giving me. I joined some clubs at school, which gave me the chance to make friends. My neighbor taught me how to cook some New Orleans food, and I found a wonderful _28_ of fellow cooks and neighbors. Overall, I seized every possible opport
27、unity to _29_ myself and to rebuild my life.Because of my resilience (复原力) in creating a new home for myself and the _30_ that people have shown to me, home is right here.16. A. announcedB. repliedC. turnedD. pointed17. A. ThereforeB. InsteadC. HoweverD. Besides18. A. trainedB. raisedC. promotedD. f
28、ed19. A. developB. continueC. existD. change20. A. attemptB. suggestionC. excuseD. decision21. A. preferredB. missedC. hatedD. imagined22. A. surprisedB. frightenedC. delightedD. relieved23. A. performanceB. activityC. presentationD. experience24. A. partlyB. badlyC. slightlyD. hardly25. A. realized
29、B. rememberedC. observedD. complained26. A. andB. butC. orD. so27. A. attentionB. patienceC. trustD. confidence28. A. generationB. communityC. raceD. school29. A. teachB. acceptC. judgeD. better30. A. beliefB. freedomC. loveD. interest【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. A 2
30、6. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。从小出生和成长与北弗吉尼亚的作者在家庭遭遇了一场悲剧之后，不得不跟随父母搬到母亲的老家新奥尔良。作者起初对新家非常反感和讨厌，而在几个月之后作者意识到自己有一个选择：是继续想家还是开始在这里建一个新家。作者选择了后者，然后作者逐渐发现了新环境中的美好，以及周围的人对作者表现出的爱。16题详解】考查动词辨析。A. announced述说；宣布；B. replied回答；C. turned转向；D. pointed指着。句意：“我讨厌新奥尔良!我想回家!”我们搬箱子的时候，我对妈妈说。故选A。【17题详解】考查连词辨析
31、。A. Therefore因此；B. Instead而不是；C. However然而；D. Besides除此之外。根据下文going home was not easy because my home was 1, 100 miles away.可知虽然作者想要回家，但是在已经在1100英里之外了，上下文为转折关系，故选C。【18题详解】考查动词辨析。A. trained训练；B. raised养育；提高；C. promoted促进；D. fed喂养。句意：我在北弗吉尼亚出生和养育长大。故选B。【19题详解】考查动词辨析。A. develop发展；B. continue继续；C. exist
32、存在；D. change改变。根据上文Virginia was my home, and I never expected可知作者认为弗吉尼亚是家，从未想过会改变，会搬家。故选D。【20题详解】考查名词辨析。A. attempt企图；B. suggestion建议；C. excuse接口；D. decision决定。句意：就在我父母作出搬家的决定三个月后。短语make a decision“做决定”故选D。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。A. preferred偏爱；B. missed错过；C. hated恨；D. imagined想象。根据上文I hate New Orleans! I wann
33、a go home!可知作者憎恨新的环境，故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. surprised惊讶的；B. frightened害怕的；C. delighted高兴的；D. relieved放心的。根据上文I felt like my entire life had been turned upside down. 1,100 miles away from everyone and everything I had ever known可知作者离所认识的人和事都有1100英里远，觉得整个生活都被颠覆了。因此很害怕，故选B。【23题详解】考查名词辨析。A. performance表现
34、；B. activity活动；C. presentation展示；D. experience经历。根据上文To make matters worse可知作者认为上高中是一个可怕的经历。故选D。【24题详解】考查副词辨析。A. partly部分地；B. badly严重地；非常；C. slightly轻微地；D. hardly几乎不。句意：我在新奥尔良度过了头几个月，非常想回到弗吉尼亚的家。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词辨析。A. realized意识到；B. remembered记得；C. observed观察；D. complained抱怨。句意：但是在几个月的想家之后，我意识到我有一个选择。
35、故选A。【26题详解】考查连词辨析。A. and并且；B. but但是；C. or或者；D. so因此。句意：我可以继续想我有多想念我的老房子，或者我可以开始在这里建一个新家。根据后文I chose the latter.可知本句中表示两者之间的选择，故选C。【27题详解】考查名词辨析。A. attention注意；B. patience耐心；C. trust信任；D. confidence自信。句意：当我不再把所有的注意力放在我多么想念弗吉尼亚的时候，我就能够开始接受人们已经给予我的爱。短语give attention to“注意”故选A。【28题详解】考查名词辨析。A. generatio
36、n一代；B. community社区；团体；C. race种族；D. school学校。句意：我的邻居教我如何烹饪新奥尔良的食物，我发现了一个有很棒的厨师和邻居的社区。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词辨析。A. teach教；B. accept接受；C. judge判断；D. better改善；完善。句意：我抓住每一个可能的机会来完善自己，重建我的生活。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词辨析。A. belief相信；B. freedom自由；C. love爱；D. interest兴趣。根据第五段第一句I was able to begin accepting the love that peopl
37、e were already giving me可知人们对我展示出的“爱”，故选C。第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，30分）第一节阅读选择（共12小题；每小题2分，共24分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIt was May 23, 2016. Arnot, the 32-year-old mountain guide, reached the top of Everest without the use of oxygen (O2) equipment. It was achieved after seven years, three previous at
38、tempts, and fourteen straight hours of climbing.After 15 minutes at the top, Arnot began her descent (下坡). Eight hours later, she reached the camp at 7, 600 meters and became the first American woman-and only the seventh woman everto successfully reach Mount Everest without oxygen equipment.“There a
39、re so many reasons for her impressive achievement, especially the physical and emotional efforts that she s put forth over the years to make this happen,” says the professional climber and photographer Richards, “The mental courage that it requires is something very few people have.”Arnot didnt star
40、t climbing until she was 19 years old. Money was tight in her family, and climbing mountains never occurred in her mind. After graduating from college, Arnot was invited by her friend to climb a mountain. “It totally changed my life, says Arnot. I always know that if you want something, you can achi
41、eve it, but knowing what you want is a whole different thing,” she says. “I am athletic but not competitive. After my first climbing, I knew immediately that mountains are what I wantas that is where I felt home for the first time in my life.”After that first climb, she devoted herself to learning h
42、ow to climb and move through mountain. It was during her second trip to Everest in 2009 that she first set her sights on a no-oxygen attempt. However, while hiking into Everest Base Camp that year, she hurt her leg and wasnt able to climb without oxygen. In 2013 she nearly made it to the top, but wa
43、s forced to take oxygen at 8,504 meters while helping another climber.When Arnot finally stood atop Everest, she called her best friend, “I reached the top and Im not using any oxygen.” Then, tears began to stream down from her eyes. So much of Arnots life has been about pushing the limits of her ab
44、ilities, and in this case, shes also pushed up against the outer limits of the human spirit.31. On May 23, 2016. Arnot _.A. spent 8 straight hours climbingB. stayed at the top for 50 minutesC. made her first attempt to climb EverestD. reached the top without oxygen equipment32. Arnot fell in love wi
45、th climbing because _.A. money was no longer a problem to herB. mountains gave her the feeling of comfortC. she tried to be more athletic and competitiveD. she wanted to build up her body through climbing33. What do we know about Arnot s climbing experience?A. She took up climbing when she was 19 ye
46、ars old.B. She has always been a good climber since her childhood.C. She climbed Everest with her family during her first trip.D. She hurt her leg badly while helping another climber in 2009.34. Which of the following can best describe Arnot?A. Determined and brave.B. Cautious and honest.C. Caring a
47、nd open-minded.D. Confident and creative.【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。19岁才开始登山运动的阿诺特在第一次登山后就爱上了这项运动，只因为山给了她一种安慰感。第一次爬山之后，她全身心地投入到学习如何爬山和穿越高山。经过数次的困难和挑战之后，终于在2016年5月23日，32岁的阿诺特在没有使用氧气设备的情况下登上了珠穆朗玛峰。【31题详解】细节理解题。第一段第一句It was May 23, 2016. Arnot, the 32-year-old mountain guide, reached the to
48、p of Everest without the use of oxygen (O2) equipment.可知2016年5月23日，32岁的阿诺特在没有使用氧气设备的情况下登上了珠穆朗玛峰。故选D。【32题详解】细节理解题。第四段最后一句After my first climbing, I knew immediately that mountains are what I wantas that is where I felt home for the first time in my life.可知阿诺特爱上登山是因为登山让她第一次有家的感觉，即山给了她家一样的舒适和安慰感，故选B。【3
49、3题详解】细节理解题。第四段第一句Arnot didnt start climbing until she was 19 years old.可知阿诺特直到19岁才开始登山。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。倒数第二段第一句After that first climb, she devoted herself to learning how to climb and move through mountain.与倒数第二句However, while hiking into Everest Base Camp that year, she hurt her leg and wasnt able
50、 to climb without oxygen.可知阿诺特第一次爬山之后，她全身心地投入到学习如何爬山和穿越高山，虽然腿受了伤无法进行无氧登山，但是还是没有放弃登山，说明了阿诺特非常有决心；最后一段最后一句So much of Arnots life has been about pushing the limits of her abilities可知阿诺特一生的大部分时间都在挑战自己的能力极限，说明了阿诺特非常勇敢。综上，故选A。BIf youre a cycling lover, you will have to pay a lot of attention to your bicyc
51、le and maintain it well, for bicycle parts are exposed to wear and tear (磨损) over time and you have to examine the bicycle to see if there are any signs of wearing such as scratches, dents (凹陷) etc. Sometimes, a part may not work because it has exceeded its life expectancy. Sometimes, you will need
52、to find replacement parts for it to keep up the performance of the bicycle.Different parts of a bicycle will wear at different rates so it is very important that you have a basic understanding about the role played by each part. One of the most important parts of the bicycle is the frame, You will n
53、eed to choose a frame that lasts for a very long time. Of course, you will see some paint scratches after some time. When youre selecting a frame, you have to think about the material. Aluminium (铝) frames will not rust easily, but they have a higher chance to dent. Steel frames will be hard to dent
54、, but you will need to make sure they get a good paint job so that they wont rust.Wheels also experience a lot of wear and tear and you should go for a professional seller when you want to buy wheels. There are different types of wheels that you can buy, like Zipp wheels that provide more aerodynami
55、c efficiency (空气动力学效能). Investing in new tyres instead of going for used is a good idea because you will be able to get more use out of it. The same goes for chain as theres a higher chance of a used chain breaking. You may also experience shifting problems. However, some parts of bicycles such as p
56、edals can be used for a long time and you can find different styles.Other parts that you can buy used are seats, handlebars and the stem. When you are buying handlebars, you have to see if there are any dents or if they have been bent out of shape. There shouldnt be any cracks in the seat post or th
57、e handlebars. There are many shops where you can buy parts, so you will have to check the references to see how customers respond to them before you buy anything.35. According to the passage, cycling lovers should _.A. buy a new bicycle to keep up the performanceB. replace the bicycle parts with sig
58、ns of wearingC. choose Aluminum frames rather than steel onesD. learn how each part of the bicycle basically works36. Which parts may be replaced by the used ones?A. Wheels and chains.B. Tyres and seats.C. Handlebars and stems.D. Frames and pedals.37. The underlined word “references” in the last par
59、agraph probably means “_”.A. materialsB. pricesC. introductionsD. comments38. This passage is most likely to be found in _.A. a research reportB. a popular magazineC. a tourist guide bookD. a product advertisement【答案】35. D 36. C 37. D 38. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。对于自行车爱好者而言，了解自行车的各个部分是如何工作的非常重要。文章针对自行车各个部分，如：车架
60、该如何选择、对于车轮和链条的选择等等提出了详细的建议作为参考。【35题详解】细节理解题。第二段第一句Different parts of a bicycle will wear at different rates so it is very important that you have a basic understanding about the role played by each part.可知自行车的不同部件磨损速度不同，所以对每个部件的作用有一个基本的了解是非常重要的。即自行车爱好者应该了解自行车的各个部分是如何工作的，故选D。【36题详解】细节理解题。第四段第一句Other
61、parts that you can buy used are seats, handlebars and the stem.可知座椅、车把和车把可以用二手的替代，故选C。【37题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文to see how customers respond to them before you buy anything可知你在买任何东西之前，看看顾客的反应如何，即对这些零件的“评价”，故可推测划线部分单词意思为“评价”，故选D。【38题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容主要为给自行车爱好者说明自行车各个部分作用和注意事项，此类文章最有可能出自一份流行杂志。故选B。CThe day will
62、come when renewable energy such as wind solar, geothermal and others replace fossil fuels as the major source of world energy. However, most analysts insist that this day will not arrive for many decades to comecertainly well past the middle of the century. Systems of fossil fuels have already been
63、firmly set up, and it is too costly or impractical to replace the existing systems with renewables. But there are good reasons to believe that the transition (转变) to renewables will come much faster than previously thought.It is hardly surprising that many experts say we will see a relatively slow t
64、ransition from fossil fuels to renewables, given what is known about previous energy changes of this sort. “Energy transitions take a long time,” observed Vaclav Smil of the University of Manitoba in Scientific American. It took more than 50 years for coal to replace wood as the worlds leading sourc
65、e of energy and another 50 years for oil to replace coal; the change from fossil fuels to renewables, he argued, is not likely to come any faster.Under ordinary circumstances, Smils forecast would no doubt prove accurate. But these are not ordinary times. Growing concern over climate change is leadi
66、ng to increasingly strict controls on CO2 and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (排放), while the development in renewables technology is lowering their price and speeding their installation.There are, of course, many difficulties in the effective control of carbon emissions, as demonstrated by coa
67、l companies to block the introduction of new rules by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Nevertheless, it is impossible to dismiss the progress being made at the local and international levels to promote the use of renewables. The European Union (E. U ), for example, is well on the way to achie
68、ving a 20% reduction in GHG emissions from 1990 levels by 2020, along with a 20% increase in the use of renewable energy.The transition to renewables will be faster due to dramatic improvements in the pricing and performance of such systems. As a result of the steady increases in the efficiency of w
69、ind and solar systems, together with the savings achieved through large-scale manufacture, the price of renewables is falling globally. With prices dropping this fast, solar energy is now proving competitive with fossil fuels for generating electricity in many areas.The change from fossil fuels to r
70、enewable energy will not come overnight, and it will not escape many setbacks. Nevertheless, renewables are likely to replace fossil fuels as the main source of electrical power well before mid-century.39. Vaclav Smil believes that _.A. renewable energies are not very practicalB. the change to renew
71、ables will come slowlyC. systems of fossil fuels have been firmly set upD. there are many setbacks of renewable energies40. We can learn from the passage that European Union _.A. has cut down half of the carbon emissionsB. has failed to find a way to reduce GHG emissionsC. is trying their best to en
72、courage the use of renewablesD. tries to stop the introduction of new rules on renewables41. The renewables are more competitive because of _.A. their falling pricesB. the decline in coal industryC. international tradeD. the new rules on CO2 emission42. The author writes this passage in order to _.A
73、. call on people to use less fossil fuelsB. give advice on how to promote renewablesC. argue that the energy transition will come soonerD. prove the renewables will be the major source of energy【答案】39. B 40. C 41. A 42. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。风能、太阳能、地热能等可再生能源将取代化石燃料，成为世界能源的主要来源。然而，大多数分析人士坚持认为，这一天在未来几十年内不会到来当然
74、也不会超过本世纪中叶。许多专家表示，鉴于对以往此类能源变化的了解可知从化石燃料向可再生能源的转变相对缓慢。从化石燃料到可再生能源的转变不会一蹴而就，也不会避免许多挫折。然而，可再生能源很可能在本世纪中叶之前取代化石燃料成为主要的电力来源。【39题详解】细节理解题。第二段最后一句the change from fossil fuels to renewables, he argued, is not likely to come any faster. Vaclav Smil认为，从化石燃料到可再生能源的转变不太可能更快。即可再生能源的转变将是缓慢的，故选B。40题详解】细节理解题。第四段最后一
75、句The European Union (E. U ), for example, is well on the way to achieving a 20% reduction in GHG emissions from 1990 levels by 2020, along with a 20% increase in the use of renewable energy.可知欧盟正在朝着到2020年将温室气体排放量从1990年的水平减少20%的目标稳步前进，同时可再生能源的使用量也将增加20%。即可知欧盟正在尽最大努力鼓励使用可再生能源，故选C。【41题详解】细节理解题。第五段最后一句W
76、ith prices dropping this fast, solar energy is now proving competitive with fossil fuels for generating electricity in many areas.可知由于价格下降如此之快，太阳能在许多领域的发电能力已经证明可以与化石燃料相媲美。即由于可再生能源价格下跌，它们的竞争力更强，故选A。【42题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句Nevertheless, renewables are likely to replace fossil fuels as the main source o
77、f electrical power well before mid-century.可知作者认为可再生能源很可能在本世纪中叶之前取代化石燃料成为主要的电力来源。再结合文章内容主要为讨论能源的转型正逐步实现，故选C。第二节 阅读与表达（共3小题；每小题2分，共6分）阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。Why Do People Enjoy Extreme Sports?In recent years, the term extreme sports has evolved on grand scale. It can be divided into th
78、ree main types: Air, Land and Water. Now youll start wondering how they work and why people enjoy them.Often popular in younger-than-average crowd, the extreme sports are not organized by schools. These sports are practiced mostly on individual level, while in many cases professional coaching is als
79、o available.Now we tell you the secret recipe of their popularity:Control and Physics: The reason why people enjoy these sports is that they are normally played, exercised or practiced in free or uncontrolled environment like base jumping and sky diving. It means while traditional athletes play in c
80、ontrolled environment like fields and gyms, extreme athletes have to operate and display their skills in free-flowing natural environment. For this reason, the understanding of laws of physics and how to apply and use them are really crucial for success.Thrill: This is the single most attractive fac
81、tor in peoples interest in extreme sports. It makes extreme sports different from any other type of sports. The thrill one can get from extreme sports is the highest. But the athletes are fully exposed to direct danger. Thus, you have to fully understand the consequences before you decide to enjoy t
82、he thrill.Pushing the Limits: Extreme sports, as the name goes, is about pushing the limits. The response, nerves and the control over the un-controllable are the main reasons why people enjoy it.Man against Nature: As we mentioned earlier that it is about natural elementsAir, Water and Land, these
83、games are loved because the natural elements react to human extreme. The passion of man to overcome the natural barriers is an addiction for these athletes.Some of the mainstream extreme sports are base jumping, bungee jumping, sky diving, gliding, extreme skiing, mountain biking, cliff diving, scub
84、a diving and wind surfing. No matter what extreme sports you may enjoy, the No. 1 rule is to know your limits, or youll be pushed.43. What are the main types of extreme sports? (不多于4个单词)44. Why are the understanding and use of physical laws important for extreme athletes?45. What is the most importa
85、nt thing to keep in mind when people do extreme sports? (不多于4个单词)【答案】43. Air, Land and Water. 44. Because extreme athletes have to operate and display their skills in free-flowing natural environment./Because extreme sports are normally played, exercised or practiced in free or uncontrolled environm
86、ent. 45. To know your limits.【解析】这是一篇说明文。近年来，极限运动变得越来越流行。它可以分为三种主要类型:空气，土地和水。文章介绍了四个极限运动流行的原因。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句It can be divided into three main types: Air, Land and Water.可知极限运动三种主要类型:空气，土地和水。故答Air, Land and Water.。【44题详解】细节理解题。第四段第二句It means while traditional athletes play in controlled enviro
87、nment like fields and gyms, extreme athletes have to operate and display their skills in free-flowing natural environment.可知理解和运用物理定律对极限运动员很重要的原因是极限运动员则必须在自由流动的自然环境中操作和展示自己的技术。故答Because extreme athletes have to operate and display their skills in free-flowing natural environment./Because extreme spo
88、rts are normally played, exercised or practiced in free or uncontrolled environment.【45题详解】细节理解题。文章最后一句No matter what extreme sports you may enjoy, the No. 1 rule is to know your limits, or youll be pushed.可知关于极限运动需要记住的最重要的事情就是不管你喜欢什么极限运动，第一条规则就是知道自己的极限，否则你会被逼疯。故回答To know your limits.。第四部分：书面表达（15分）
89、46.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，上周你们年级进行了社会实践活动，参观了故宫和长城。请就你所参观的一处景点写一篇英文报告，供其他年级参考。内容包括：（1）景点的简介；（2）将此景点作为实践活动基地的优缺点；（3）你对到此景点参观的建议。注意：（1）词数不少于50。（2）开头已给出。提示词： the Great Wall; the Forbidden CityThe _ is . _【答案】Possible version 1.The aim of this report is to share opinions about visiting the Great Wall, one of th
90、e places we visited in the study tour last week.Located in the northwest of Beijing, the Great Wall is a famous tourist attraction in Beijing, with a history of more than 2000 years.On one hand, there are some good things about choosing the Great Wall as a base for the study tour. Firstly, the Great
91、 Wall, which served as a protective barrier against the enemies in ancient times, is an ideal place for students to learn more from its rich history. Whats more, with the beautiful scenery and fresh air, we will have a good relaxation. Last but not the least, we can exercise our body and willpower a
92、s well during the trip.On the other hand, there are still some disadvantages. First, as a world-famous scenic spot, the Great Wall attracts millions of travelers every day, so it can be crowded especially on weekends. Apart from that, there are no seats on the Great Wall, which means it can be very
93、tiring if we stay there for a whole day.In conclusion, the Great Wall is a good choice. However, avoid going there on weekends, for there will be a large number of visitors at that time. Besides, wear comfortable shoes and clothes as they will give you an easier time there. Possible version 2.Locate
94、d at the very heart of Beijing, the Forbidden City is the worlds largest palace complex which attracts tourists from home and abroad. Surrounded by high walls and wide moats, the Forbidden City covers a large area and consists of a great number of halls. It is a landmark in the city of Beijing both
95、in ancient and modern times, and definitely a must-see for a study tour. For your study tour, the Forbidden City has much to offer with its well-preserved palaces, delicately decorated rooms and unparalleled collection of art treasures. As you enter the Forbidden City, you may be amazed at the grand
96、 halls and marvelous architecture rich in historical and cultural meaning. For example, the carvings of dragons and clouds on the roofs used frequently in imperial palaces to symbolize royalty are hard to ignore. Another reason to visit the Forbidden City during your study tour is that it is quite c
97、onvenient to reach by subway, bus, or taxi because it lies at the very center of Beijing. In addition, touring the Forbidden City only takes 3 to 4 hours and the ticket costs less than 100 yuan. Therefore, a study tour of the Forbidden City is extremely worthwhile. Appealing as it may sound, visitin
98、g the Forbidden City can be annoying during holidays, when travelers crowd into the Palace for brief sightseeing, making it hardly possible to savor the hidden charm. Furthermore, while wandering through the hundreds of halls, you can easily get lost. Plus, it can be difficult to understand and appr
99、eciate the culture and history related to the Forbidden City without proper guidance. To make the trip to the Forbidden City truly rewarding, I strongly recommend that you should visit the place during weekdays to avoid the crowd. In the meantime, arrange your trip in advance so that you can choose
100、the most convenient transportation means to save time. Finally, do not forget to find some experienced tour guides to make the journey a real study tour instead of a mere sightseeing trip.【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封英文报告；假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，上周你们年级进行了社会实践活动，参观了故宫和长城。请就你所参观的一处景点写一篇英文报告，供其他年级参考。内容
101、包括：（1）景点的简介；（2）将此景点作为实践活动基地的优缺点；（3）你对到此景点参观的建议。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：aim of（旨在），the Great Wall（长城），located in（位于），serve as（担任；充当），protective barrier（防护罩）；last but not the least（最后也是最重要的）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，
102、词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Firstly, the Great Wall, which served as a protective barrier against the enemies in ancient times, is an ideal place for students to learn more from its rich history.运用了定语从句；Besides, wear comfortable shoes and clothes as they will give you an easier time there.运用了as引导的原因状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
