1、北京市北大附中2021届高三英语下学期三模考试试题（含解析）本试卷共9页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题纸交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Karie double-checked the words on her spelling test. If she got 100 percent today, shed win her classs First-Quart
2、er Spelling Challenge.Three more words to go. N-i-c-e-l-y, Q-u-i-c-k-l-y, H-o-n-e-s-t-y. Wait! Shed spelled honesty, not honestly! She erased the t-y and wrote l-y before handing in her paper.After recess Karie hurried into the classroom. She fidgeted (坐立不安) in her seat. Ms. McCormack walked to the
3、front and cleared her throat. “Congratulations. Karie! You did it!” The whole class _1_ .Ms. McCormack presented Karie with her prizea _2_ . Karie grinned as she read the _3_: to Karie for her perfect first-quarter score in spelling.Karie _4_ the front door after school. Karie scooped up (抱起) her ca
4、t. “Can you spell nicely, Casper? And quickly and honestly, and ” Karies stomach tumbled to the floor. Honestly? H-O-N-E-S-L-Y! It suddenly struck her that she had _5_ the word.Karie went to her room and _6_ on how she could tell the class she hadnt earned the prize after all? She couldnt sleep but
5、kept tossing and turning in bed all night.Ms. McCormack was unlocking the classroom door when Karie got to school the next morning. “You are a(n) _7_ bird.” Ms. McCormack said. Karies hands trembled. She gave her teacher the spelling paper and the dictionary. “I cant keep this. I misspelled honestly
6、 and you didnt _8_ it. ” “Come and sit down, Karie.” For a moment, Ms. McCormack stood quietly reading the words on the dictionary. Then she picked up her pen. She crossed out the word perfect and wrote honest before handing the dictionary back to Karie. Karies jaw dropped. “I get to keep this. _9_?
7、” “For honestly, no.” Ms. McCormack smiled. “But for _10_, yes.”1. A. interruptedB. eruptedC. hesitatedD. followed2. A. bookB. penC. dictionaryD. certificate3. A. prizeB. giftC. labelD. letter4. A. pushed overB. pulled downC. broke intoD. burst through5. A. misunderstoodB. misspelledC. misinterprete
8、dD. misjudged6. A. reflectedB. dawnedC. decidedD. concentrated7. A. earlyB. lovelyC. talentedD. timely8. A. checkB. correctC. doubtD. catch9. A. EventuallyB. HonestlyC. ImmediatelyD. Luckily10. A. fairnessB. respectC. honestyD. trust【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记
9、叙文。文章讲述了，Karie赢得了拼写挑战赛，获得了奖品字典，但回家之后发现自己拼错了honestly，几经思考后，主动向老师Ms. McCormack承认错误，老师说她很诚实，让她留下了字典。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：全班人都沸腾了。A. interrupted打断；B. erupted爆发；C. hesitated犹豫；D. followed跟随。由上文的“Congratulations. Karie! You did it!”和下文的“Ms. McCormack presented Karie with her prize”可知，Ms. McCormack宣布Karie是获胜者
10、，班上的学生得知Karie获胜了，肯定为她高兴，整个班就“沸腾”起来，暗指因为开心的事而热闹起来。故选B项。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ms. McCormack送给Karie她的奖品一本字典。A. book书；B. pen笔；C. dictionary字典；D. certificate证书。由下文的“She gave her teacher the spelling paper and the dictionary.”可知，Karie的奖品是一本字典。故选C项。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她读到签条时，Karie咧嘴笑了：感谢Karie第一季度的拼写完美得分。A. priz
11、e奖品；B. gift礼物；C. label签条、标记；D. letter信。由下文的“to Karie for her perfect first-quarter score in spelling”和“the words on the dictionary”可知，字典上有字，可得出字典上被做了标记，签了东西。故选C项。【4题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Karie放学后冲进前门。A. pushed over推倒；B. pulled down拆毁；C. broke into强行进入；D. burst through穿过而出现。由下文的“the front door after school”
12、可知，此处指Karie放学后冲进家门。故选D项。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她突然想到她把这个词拼错了。A. misunderstood误解；B. misspelled拼错；C. misinterpreted曲解；D. misjudged误判。由下文的“I misspelled honestly”可知，Karie拼错了词。故选B项。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Karie回到自己的房间，想了想，她怎么能告诉全班同学她没得奖呢？A. reflected反思；B. dawned开始清楚；C. decided决定；D. concentrated集中注意力。由下文的“how she co
13、uld tell the class she hadnt earned the prize after all? She couldnt sleep but kept tossing and turning in bed all night.”可知，Karie整夜在床上辗转反侧，睡不着，是因为在思考是否告诉全班同学她没得奖这件事。故选A项。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ms. McCormack说，“你是个早起的人。”A. early早的；B. lovely可爱的；C. talented天才的；D. timely及时的。由上文的“Ms. McCormack was unlocking
14、the classroom door when Karie got to school the next morning.”可知，Ms. McCormack开教室门的时候，Karie就到了学校，说明Karie来的很早，也起得早。故选A项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拼写错了honestly，你没检查。A. check检查；B. correct更正；C. doubt怀疑；D. catch抓住。由上文语境可知，Ms. McCormack宣布Karie是获胜者，说明Ms. McCormack没有检查出拼写错误来。故选A项。【9题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我可以留着这个。说真的？A. E
15、ventually最后；B. Honestly真的；C. Immediately立即；D. Luckily幸运地。由上文语境可知，获胜者才可以得到字典，但Karie发现自己拼错了，应该归还字典，然而老师还让她留着字典，这让Karie有点不敢置信，因此Karie说，“真的吗？”。故选B项。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“是的，是为了诚实。”A. fairness公平；B. respect尊敬；C. honesty诚实；D. trust信任。由上文语境可知，Karie赢得了拼写挑战赛，获得了奖品字典，但回家之后发现自己拼错了honestly，几经思考后，主动向老师Ms. McCormack
16、承认错误，老师说她很诚实，让她留下了字典，因此是因为Karie的“诚实”，老师把字典留给Karie。故选C项。第二节 语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。In a Philadelphia office building, Tom Brennan was working _11_ he noticed a black bag, which contained a book. This chance discovery ended a 12-day sear
17、ch by the Library of Philadelphia for a historical treasurea 120-page diary kept 190 years ago by Deborh Logan. Most of the diary is a record of big events in Philadelphia. It is described in the diary _12_ British soldiers burned Washington, D.C. in the war of 1812. The adventure of the lost book b
18、egan September 4 when Cory Luxmoore arrived from England to deliver the diary of his ancestor to the Library, _13_ he and his wife considered to be the best home for the diary. However, on reaching the library, Luxmoore was shocked to realize that the diary _14_(leave) in the taxi.【答案】11. when 12. t
19、hat 13. which 14. had been left【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，要送到图书馆的珍贵日记，不慎丢失又失而复得的过程。【11题详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：在费城的一栋办公楼里，汤姆布伦南正在工作时，突然发现一个黑色的包，里面装着一本书。由句意可知，此处表“正在工作的时候，发现了黑包”，sb. was/were doing sth. when sb. did sth.（某人正在做时，突然），用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。【12题详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：日记中描述，1812年战争中，英国士兵烧毁了华盛顿特区。It是形式主语，真正主语是主语
20、从句British soldiers burned Washington, D.C. in the war of 1812，主语从句不缺任何成分，无需添加“是否”含义，用只起连接作用且无意义的that。故填that。【13题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：失书之旅始于9月4日，Cory Luxmoore从英国来到图书馆，把他祖先的日记送到图书馆，他和妻子认为图书馆是这本日记最好的家。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Library，指物，在从句中做动词considered的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。【14题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：然而，一到图书馆，Luxmoore就
21、震惊地发现日记被丢在出租车里了。从句缺乏谓语，从句谓语动词leave发生在主句系动词was（一般过去时）之前，即“过去的过去”，时态用过去完成时，从句主语the diary和从句谓语leave是被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态（had been done）。故填had been left。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Yangmeizhu West Street is a traditional Beijing hutong alley _15_ (line) by single-story res
22、idences in Dashilan, a busy commercial area of the capitals Xicheng district. _16_ (origin) called Yangmei West Street and named after a female matchmaker, it was renamed Yangmeizhu West Street. Located in the center of Beijing, the 496-meter-long and more than 600-year-old alley attracts tourists f
23、or its examples of traditional architecture, and cultural figures. It _17_(become) a cultural and business innovation area after being renovated with artist shops, cafe and bars starting over the past eight years.【答案】15. lined 16. Originally 17. has become【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一条传统的北京胡同杨梅竹斜街，它的历史和现状。
24、【15题详解】考查过去分词。句意：杨梅竹斜街是一条传统的北京胡同，位于北京西城区繁华的商业区大石兰中，两旁是单层住宅。本句已有系动词is且无连词，动词line用非谓语形式，结合by可知，逻辑主语a traditional Beijing hutong alley与动词line是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，做后置定语修饰名词短语a traditional Beijing hutong alley。故填lined。【16题详解】考查副词。句意：原名杨梅西街，以一位女媒人的名字命名，改名为杨梅竹斜街。此处用副词originally（起初）做状语，修饰动词called，首字母大写。故填Original
25、ly。【17题详解】考查时态。句意：经过八年来艺术家商店、咖啡馆和酒吧的改造，这里已经成为一个文化和商业创新区。此处缺乏谓语，由时间状语over the past eight years可知，时态用现在完成时（has/have done），主语It是第三人称，谓语用单数形式。故填has become。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。International Workers Day is a day to show respect for the working people and advocate
26、 the spirit of hard work. The Chinese are known _18_ hardworking and inventive people. Since its reform and opening-up in the late 1970s, China has lifted more than 770 million people out of poverty. It is now the second _19_ (large) economy in the world. The Chinese working people have risen to the
27、 challenges, working hard to overcome adverse circumstances such as the COVID-19 epidemic._20_ (realize) the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation relies on the diligent work of people from all walks of life. The working people should take the lead and have complete confidence in this great cause.【
28、答案】18. as 19. largest 20. Realizing【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，中国劳动人们应该辛勤劳动，为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦而奋斗。【18题详解】考查介词。句意：中国人以勤劳和有创造力著称。固定搭配be known as（被认为是、以著称）。故填as。【19题详解】考查最高级。句意：中国现在是世界第二大经济体。由句意可知，此处指“第二大的”，用形容词large的最高级形式作定语，修饰名词economy。故填largest。【20题详解】考查动名词。句意：实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，有赖于社会各界人士的辛勤劳动。此处用动名词（doing）形式短语
29、做主语，首字母大写。故填Realizing。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AGeorgia Aquarium is open 365 days a year. Please note that hours of operation do vary. Last ticket sold and entry is 30 minutes before closing time.Regular HoursSundayFriday: 10 a.m.5 p.m.Satur
30、day: 9 a.m.6 p.m.Summer Hours: May 27August 16Monday-Saturday: 9 a.m.9 p.m.Sunday: 9 a.m.6 p.m.Full Price Total TicketAdult (ages 13-64): $38.95Child (ages 3-12): $32.95Senior (age 65+): $34.95Total Ticket Online DiscountAdult (ages 13-64): $35.95Child (ages 3-12): $29.95Senior (age 65+): $31.95Anim
31、al Encounters: $59.95BelugaFriends Interactive Program: $179.95Journey with Gentle Giants Immersion Program: $234.95AT&T Dolphin TalesOur new dolphin gallery, theater and show are now open. The gallery and viewing window are open to general admission guests periodically throughout the day. Show time
32、s vary each day, so check for times when you are purchasing general admission tickets. Dont forget AT&T Dolphin Tales is included in Total Ticket general admission, so dont miss this spectacular show!4D Theater Deepos Undersea 3D Wondershow Presented by AT&TWith multiple shows throughout the day,be
33、sure to catch this unique experience at Georgia Aquarium. Admission to the 4D Theater is included in Total Ticket general admission!Journey with Gentle Giants Immersion ProgramSwim or scuba dive in the Ocean Voyager exhibit, built by The Home Depot. Swims are daily at 4:30 p.m., and scuba dives are
34、daily at 3 p.m. and Saturday and Sunday at ll a.m.Spots are limited, so its best to book in advance.Beluga & Friends Interactive ProgramInteract with belugas and harbor seals in the Georgia-Pacific Cold Water Quest gallery.This animal interaction occurs daily at 10 a.m.and 1:30 p.m.Spots are limited
35、, so its best to book in advance.Animal EncountersInteract with a penguin daily at 11:30 a.m.and l:45 p.m.You can also experience a special encounter with a dolphin.Spots are limited, so its best to book in advance.21. How much can they save if grandparents in their seventies with a 10-year-old boy
36、visit Georgia Aquarium with online tickets?A. $3.B. $6.C. $9.D. $1222 Which of the following about AT&T Dolphin Tales is TRUE?A. It is open all day long to visitors.B. It is really worth watching for visitors.C. Visitors have to pay extra money to watch it.D. visitors should book their tickets in ad
37、vance.23. With a Total Ticket, visitors are allowed to visit_.A. Animal EncountersB. Beluga&Friends Interactive ProgramC. 4D Theater Deepos Undersea 3D WondershowD. Journey with Gentle Giants Immersion Program【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了佐治亚水族馆。水族馆的开放时间、票价、网上订票价格、海豚秀、4D影院、游泳、潜水活动、与海豚
38、、大白鲸亲密接触。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Full Price Total Tickets中的“Child (ages 3-12): $32.95; Senior (age 65+): $34.95”及 Total Ticket Online Discount中的“Child (ages 3-12): $29.95; Senior (age 65+): $31.95”可知，如果70多岁的祖父母带着一个10岁的男孩用网上门票参观乔治亚水族馆，他们就能省下的钱为“（$34.95*2+$32.95）-（$31.95*2+ $29.95）= $9”。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据AT&T
39、 Dolphin Tales中的“Dont forget AT&T Dolphin Tales is included in Total Ticket general admission, so dont miss this spectacular show!(别忘了 AT&T的海豚故事包括在总门票一般入场，所以不要错过这个壮观的表演！)”可知，AT&T海豚故事的海豚表演很值得观看。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据4D Theater Deepos Undersea 3D Wondershow Presented by AT&T中的“Admission to the 4D Theater
40、 is included in Total Ticket general admission!( 4D影院门票已包含在全票之内！)”可知，全票游客可以观看4D剧院Deepo的海底3D表演。故选C。BWhen I was 13 years old, I went on a 735-mile cycling trip with my brother and father. We were all keen cyclists and I can say I felt like I was born on a bike. My father was a professional cyclist, an
41、d wanted to show us, his twin sons, the work of the trade and bond with us.The trip was across the San Juan Islands and then Vancouver Island. We prepared for the journey by going on smaller rides and practiced cycling with panniers (货筐). Adjusting to the weight on the bike was harder than I thought
42、. When we set out for the trip, I knew that I yearned to have an adventure and wanted to see the beautiful sights of mountains, bears, moose, deer, forests, and much more.One night, after perhaps a week into the trip, we were on our last legs(路程)getting to a campsite, and going down a large hill. It
43、 was raining moderately and we were coasting down the hill in eager delight to take a rest from going up a mountain with all of our gear and sore legs.Suddenly, my brothers front tire slipped in the rain, and he slid into the middle of the road. My father and I stopped, asking if he was okay. Appare
44、ntly, he was not hurt too much, but his leg was caught up in the bike frame. From the top of the hill, we saw the light of a car coming. My father and I looked on in shock. Chris could not seem to get out of the entrapment of his bike, and now the car was blasting its way. This all happened within s
45、econds.Instinctively, I rushed out in front of my brother in the middle of the road, and waved my hands frantically. The car rushed forward, but swerved to the left to go around my brother and I. My brother was saved from being crushed by the car.My brother says I was incredibly brave but I think we
46、 do what we know is right. I believe that one should listen to ones gut in times of peril, and not intellectualize dilemmas. If I had thought about what I was doing on that night, my brother might have been robbed from this world. Life and death often swing in the balance between what seems natural
47、and rational.24. What does Dad expect from the cycling trip?A. To spend time with his sons.B. To instruct his sons how to cycle.C. To show off his professional skills.D. To explore the adventures in the mountain.25. The possible reason for the accident is that_.A. It rained cats and dogs.B. A bear c
48、ame out of nowhere.C. The road down the hill was too slippery.D. They were too excited to get back to the campsite.26. What can we learn from the story?A. A friend is never known till a man has need.B. The best that we find in our travel is an honest friend.C. Brothers concentrate on each other, and
49、 their strength runs out of gold.D. If you are serious about what youre doing, keep you head and follow your instinct.【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述在作者13岁的时候，同哥哥和父亲进行了一次735英里的自行车旅行，在旅行中发生了意外，作者救下了他的哥哥，从而让作者悟出一个道理：认真的对待自己所做的事情，听从自己的直觉和内心。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“When I was 13 years old, I went
50、 on a 735-mile cycling trip with my brother and father. We were all keen cyclists and I can say I felt like I was born on a bike. My father was a professional cyclist, and wanted to show us, his twin sons, the work of the trade and bond with us. ”（当我13岁的时候，我和我的哥哥和父亲进行了一次735英里的自行车旅行。我们都是自行车爱好者，我可以说我感
51、觉我天生就是骑自行的料。我的父亲是一名职业自行车手，他想让我们，他的双胞胎儿子，看看这个行业的工作和与我们的联系。）可知，作者的父亲期望能从自行车旅行中让他的儿子们看看这个工作的性质，并且和儿子们建立联系，一起度过一些时光，故选A。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“One night, after perhaps a week into the trip, we were on our last legs(路程)getting to a campsite, and going down a large hill. It was raining moderately and we were
52、coasting down the hill in eager delight to take a rest from going up a mountain with all of our gear and sore legs. ”（大概在旅行了一个星期后的一个晚上，我们在去露营地的最后一段路上，走下一座大山。雨下得不大，我们带着所有的装备和酸痛的双腿从山上滑下来，急切地想休息一下。）和第四段“Suddenly, my brothers front tire slipped in the rain, and he slid into the middle of the road. ”（ 突然
53、，我哥哥的前轮在雨中打滑，他滑到了路中间。）可知，事故发生时作者他们走的是山路，由于下了雨，路很滑，所以哥哥的前轮在雨中打滑，导致哥哥摔倒。故推断这次事故的可能原因是下山的路太滑了，故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“My brother says I was incredibly brave, but I think we do what we know is right. Life and death often swing in the balance between what seems natural and rational. ”（ 我哥哥说我非常勇敢，但我认为我们做自
54、己认为正确的事。我认为人在危难的时候应该听从自己的直觉，而不是理智地看待困境。如果我当时考虑到我那天晚上在做什么，我哥哥可能已经被从这个世界上带走了。生与死常常在看似自然与理性之间摇摆不定。）可知，通过这次事故，作者悟出了一个道理就是要认真的对待自己所做的事情，听从自己的直觉和内心，这也是我们从这篇文章学到的，故选D。CIdentifying the chemical makeup of pigment (颜料) used in ancient documents, paintings, and watercolors is critical to restoring and conservi
55、ng the precious artworks. However, despite numerous efforts, scientists had been unable to determine the source of folium, a popular blue dye used to color manuscripts (手稿) in Europe during the middle agesfrom the 5th to the 15th century. Now, researchers from Portugal have finally uncovered the mys
56、terious ingredient responsible for the gorgeous bluish-purple color that helped bring ancient illustrations to life.“This is the only medieval (中世纪的) color based on organic dyes that we didnt have a structure for,” says Maria Joo Melo, an associate professor at the Department of Conservation and Res
57、toration at NOVA University of Lisbon. “We need to know whats in medieval manuscript illustrations because we want to preserve these beautiful colors for future generations.”The research team began by poring over instructions penned by European dye makers from the 12th, 14th, and 15th centuries. The
58、y found what they were seeking in a 15th-century text entitled The Book on How to Make All the Color Paints for Illuminating Books. However, translating the instructions was no easy task. It was written in the now extinct Judaeo-Portuguese language, and though the source of the dye was traced back t
59、o a plant, no name was mentioned.However, by piecing together suggestions from the text, the scientists were able to determine that the dye was made from the bluish-green berries of the chrozophora tinctoria plant. After an extensive search, the team found a few varieties of the plant growing along
60、the roadside near the town of Monsaraz in south Portugal.The detailed instructions gave the researchers critical clues to successfully recreate the dye. “You need to squeeze the fruits, being careful not to break the seeds, and then to put them on linen (亚麻布).” The scientist says the detail was impo
61、rtant since broken seeds polluted the pigment, producing an inferior quality ink. The dyed linen, which was left to dry, was an efficient way to store and transport the pigment during ancient times. When needed, the artist would simply cut off a piece of the cloth and dip it with water to squeeze ou
62、t the blue color.Once the key ingredient had been identified, the researchers began the next step and the primary purpose of their studydetermining the dyes chemical structure. To their surprise, they found that folium was not like any other known permanent blue dyesit was an entirely new class of c
63、olor, one they named chrozophoridin. “Chrozophoridin was often used in ancient times to make a beautiful blue dye for painting.” the team wrote in the study. Now, the researchers can further study the stability of the dye, as well as how it responds to factors that may wear and break it down over ti
64、me. “This is essential if we desire to make these colors last foreveror at least as long as possible,” Melo said.27. According to the passage, folium is _.A. an ancient paintingB. an organic blue pigmentC. a colorful manuscriptD. a mysterious ingredient28. The underlined phrase “poring over” in Para
65、. 3 probably means _.A. following strictlyB. testing repeatedlyC. discussing publiclyD. reading carefully29. What can we learn from the passage?A. Folium can be stored and used easily.B. Folium was squeezed from broken seeds.C. The stability of folium has been confirmed by researchers.D. The chemica
66、l structure of folium resembles that of other dyes.30. Which would be the best title for this passage?A. What should be done to make ancient blue dyes last.B. When and where the discovery of the dye was made.C. Why the researchers took the trouble to study the dye.D. How the mystery of a 1000-year-o
67、ld blue dye was solved.【答案】27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是关于一种成分神秘的蓝色染料，研究小组经过研究发现了这种蓝色染料的关键成分，讲述了千年蓝色染料之谜是如何解开的。【27题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“However, despite numerous efforts, scientists had been unable to determine the source of folium, a popular blue dye used to color manuscripts (手稿) in Eu
68、rope during the middle agesfrom the 5th to the 15th century. (然而，尽管经过无数努力，科学家仍无法确定叶绿的来源，叶绿是一种流行的蓝色染料，在5世纪至15世纪的中世纪，在欧洲被用来给手稿上色。)”和第二段中的“This is the only medieval (中世纪的) color based on organic dyes that we didnt have a structure for,” says Maria Joo Melo, an associate professor at the Department of C
69、onservation and Restoration at NOVA University of Lisbon. (里斯本诺瓦大学保护与修复系副教授，Maria Joo Melo说：“这是中世纪唯一一种基于有机染料的颜色，这是一种我们没有结构的有机染料。)”可知，folium（叶绿）是一种流行的蓝色染料，是一种有机染料的颜色，因此folium（叶绿）是一种有机蓝色颜料。故选B项。【28题详解】词句猜测题。由第三段中的“The research team began by poring over instructions penned by European dye makers from t
70、he 12th, 14th, and 15th centuries. They found what they were seeking in a 15th-century text entitled The Book on How to Make All the Color Paints for Illuminating Books. (研究小组首先poring over 12、14和15世纪欧洲染料制造商编写的说明书。他们在15世纪的文稿中找到了他们想要的东西，文稿的题目是如何制作所有用于书籍照明的彩色颜料。)”可知，研究小组在15世纪的文稿中找到了他们想要的东西，可得出研究小组仔细阅读了
71、说明书，对其进行研究，poring over在此处意为“仔细阅读”。故选D项。【29题详解】推理判断题。由第五段中的“The dyed linen, which was left to dry, was an efficient way to store and transport the pigment during ancient times. When needed, the artist would simply cut off a piece of the cloth and dip it with water to squeeze out the blue color. (染色后晾
72、干的亚麻布是古代储存和运输颜料的有效方法。当需要的时候，艺术家会简单地剪下一块布，用水蘸一下，挤出蓝色。)”可知，folium（叶绿）可以用染色后晾干的亚麻布保存，用的时候剪下一块布，蘸水挤出蓝色就行，说明folium（叶绿）易于保存和使用。故选A项。30题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段中的“However, despite numerous efforts, scientists had been unable to determine the source of folium, a popular blue dye used to color manuscripts (手稿) in Europ
73、e during the middle agesfrom the 5th to the 15th century. Now, researchers from Portugal have finally uncovered the mysterious ingredient responsible for the gorgeous bluish-purple color that helped bring ancient illustrations to life. (然而，尽管进行了许多努力，科学家们仍无法确定叶绿的来源，叶绿是一种流行的蓝色染料，在5世纪至15世纪的中世纪，在欧洲被用来给手
74、稿上色。现在，来自葡萄牙的研究人员终于发现了一种神秘的成分，这种神秘的成分导致了绚丽的蓝紫色，使古老的插图栩栩如生。)”，第四段中的“However, by piecing together suggestions from the text, the scientists were able to determine that the dye was made from the bluish-green berries of the chrozophora tinctoria plant. (然而，通过拼凑文本中的建议，科学家们能够确定这种染料是由变色龙植物的蓝绿色浆果制成的。)”和最后一段
75、中的“To their surprise, they found that folium was not like any other known permanent blue dyesit was an entirely new class of color, one they named chrozophoridin. (令他们惊讶的是，他们发现叶绿和其他已知的永久性蓝色染料不同，这是一种全新的颜色，他们将其命名为chrozophoridin。)”，结合全文对这种蓝色染料成分的研究可知，研究人员已确定染料的关键成分，由此可知，本文主要是关于一种千年蓝色染料之谜是如何解开的。故选D项。DIn
76、 1953, when visiting his daughters maths class, the Harvard psychologist B.F. Skinner found every pupil learning the same topic in the same way at the same speed. Later, he built his first “teaching machine”, which let children tackle questions at their own pace. Since then, education technology (ed
77、tech) has repeated the cycle of hype and flop (炒作和失败), even as computers have reshaped almost every other part of life.Softwares to “personalize” learning can help hundreds of millions of children stuck in miserable classesbut only if edtech supporters can resist the temptation to revive harmful ide
78、as about how children learn. Alternatives have so far failed to teach so many children as efficiently as the conventional model of schooling, where classrooms, hierarchical year-groups, standardized curriculums and fixed timetables are still the typical pattern for most of the worlds nearly 1.5 bill
79、ion schoolchildren. Under this pattern, too many do not reach their potential. That condition remained almost unchanged over the past 15 years, though billions have been spent on IT in schools during that period.What really matters then? The answer is how edtech is used. One way it can help is throu
80、gh tailor-made instruction. Reformers think edtech can put individual attention within reach of all pupils. The other way edtech can aid learning is by making schools more productive. In California schools, instead of textbooks, pupils have “playlists”, which they use to access online lessons and ta
81、ke tests. The software assesses childrens progress, lightening teachers marking load and allowing them to focus on other tasks. A study suggested that children in early adopters of this model score better in tests than their peers at other schools.Such innovation is welcome. But making the best of e
82、dtech means getting several things right. First, “personalized learning” must follow the evidence on how children learn. It must not be an excuse to revive pseudoscientific ideas such as “learning styles”: the theory that each child has a particular way of taking in information. This theory gave ris
83、e to government-sponsored schemes like Brain Gym, which claimed that some pupils should stretch or bend while doing sums. A less consequential falsehood is that technology means children do not need to learn facts or learn from a teacherinstead they can just use Google. Some educationalists go furth
84、er, arguing that facts get in the way of skills such as creativity. Actually, the opposite is true. According to studies, most effective ways of boosting learning nearly all relied on the craft of a teacher.Second, edtech must narrow, rather than widen, inequalities in education. Here there are grou
85、nds for optimism. Some of the pioneering schools are private ones in Silicon Valley. But many more are run by charter-school groups teaching mostly poor pupils, where laggards (成绩落后者) make the most progress relative to their peers in normal classes. A similar pattern can be observed outside America.
86、Third, the potential for edtech will be realized only if teachers embrace it. They are right to ask for evidence that products work. But skepticism should not turn into irrational opposition. Given what edtech promises today, closed-mindedness has no place in the classroom.31. According to the passa
87、ge, education technology can _.A. decrease teachers working loadB. facilitate personalized learningC help standardize curriculumsD. be loved by schoolchildren32. Which example best argues against the underlined sentence in Para. 4?A. The students who are better at memorization tend to be less creati
88、ve.B. Schools with bans on phones have better results than high-tech ones.C. Shakespeare was trained in grammar but he penned many great plays.D. Lu Xuns creativity was unlocked after he gave up studying medicine.33. The author believes that edtech functions well only when it is _.A. at the service
89、of teachingB. limited in use among pupilsC. aimed at narrowing the wealth gapD. in line with students learning styles34. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To stress the importance of edtech.B. To introduce the application of edtech.C. To discuss how to get the best out of edtech.D. To appea
90、l for more open-mindedness to edtech.【答案】31. B 32. C 33. C 34. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了“个性化”学习软件可以帮助数以亿计陷入悲惨课堂的孩子，但如何使用edtech（教育科技）是个问题，文章就如何充分利用edtech展开了讨论。【31题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Later, he built his first “teaching machine”, which let children tackle questions at their own pace. (后来，他建造了第一台“教学机器”，让孩子们按照
91、自己的节奏解决问题。)”和第二段中的“Softwares to “personalize” learning can help hundreds of millions of children stuck in miserable classesbut only if edtech supporters can resist the temptation to revive harmful ideas about how children learn. (“个性化”学习软件可以帮助数以亿计陷入悲惨课堂的孩子，但前提是edtech的支持者能够抵制住重新唤起关于孩子如何学习的有害想法的诱惑。)”可
92、知，教育技术（edtech）可以让孩子们按照自己的节奏解决问题，促进个性化学习。故选B项。【32题详解】推理判断题。由第四段中的“A less consequential falsehood is that technology means children do not need to learn facts or learn from a teacherinstead they can just use Google. Some educationalists go further, arguing that facts get in the way of skills such as c
93、reativity. Actually, the opposite is true. According to studies, most effective ways of boosting learning nearly all relied on the craft of a teacher. (一个不那么重要的谬误是，科技意味着孩子们不需要学习事实或向老师学习，相反，他们可以直接使用谷歌。一些教育家更进一步，认为事实妨碍了诸如创造力之类的技能。事实上，恰恰相反。根据研究，促进学习的最有效方法几乎都依赖于教师的技能。)”可知，一些教育家认为学习事实或向老师学习会妨碍创造力，但研究表明，学
94、习事实或向老师学习技能有助于促进学习，C项“莎士比亚受过语法训练，但他写了许多伟大的戏剧”体现了事实技能学习并不会妨碍创造力。故选C项。【33题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“Second, edtech must narrow, rather than widen, inequalities in education. Here there are grounds for optimism. Some of the pioneering schools are private ones in Silicon Valley. But many more are run by charter
95、-school groups teaching mostly poor pupils, where laggards (成绩落后者) make the most progress relative to their peers in normal classes. (其次，edtech必须缩小而不是扩大教育不平等。这里有乐观的理由。一些开创性的学校是硅谷的私立学校。但更多的学校是由特许学校组织的，主要教授贫困学生，在这些学校里，相对于普通班的同龄人，落后学生取得的进步最大。)”可知，有贵族式私立学校，也有教授贫困学生的普通学校，因此作者认为edtech要有用，就需要edtech缩小教育上的贫富
96、差距。故选C项。【34题详解】主旨大意题。第一段用哈佛心理学家B.F. Skinner的故事引入“教育技术（edtech）”，第二段讲“教育技术（edtech）能促进个性化学习，但效果不如传统的学校教育模式那样有效地教育那么多的儿童”，第三段讲“如何使用edtech的方法通过量身定做的指导学习”，第四段讲“如何充分利用edtech第一、个性化学习必须遵循儿童如何学习的证据”，第五段讲“如何充分利用edtech第二、缩小教育上的贫富差距”，最后一段讲“如何充分利用edtech只有教师接受教育技术，教育技术的潜力才能实现”，可知文章主要就edtech展开讨论，讨论了如何充分利用edtech。故选C
97、项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Are You Using Your Time Wisely?Time. You get the same amount every single day. It is predictable, with scheduled times for sunrises and sunsets. Time is one of the few predictable elements in life. _35_ It doesnt matter how much money
98、or influence you have, it is the same for everyone.What would you do if someone gave you $86,400 as a gift? Would you think long and hard about how you would use that money, and what fun or important things you would do with it? Thats the number of seconds we are given each and every day. But do you
99、 get up in the morning and think about what valuable and important things you will do with every second? Very few people do. So, start thinking about your “gift” of 86,400 seconds each day. Use them wisely each and every day. _36_Define what you care about. You have to make a living, pay the bills,
100、attend to your family in need, finish the paper due for class and cook your meals. There are certain non-negotiables, but while you are doing all of these “have-to” things, consider what you care about. _37_ Do you want to improve yourself? Do you want to learn something new? Do you want to gain ins
101、ight or use the time you are doing these things to get in touch with your inner self? The point is that every activity in life gives you a chance for a deeper meaning if you establish first what you would like it to be._38_ If time is always beyond your management, start being more conscious of what
102、 you use it for and what you commit to. If you are a “yes” person who agrees to take on more than you should, consider saying “no.” If you do commit, break down whats needed into small tasks so you can make gradual progress instead of rushing to get something done. Put things on the calendar. Plan f
103、or planning.Get attached to your calendar. Plan “me time,” “thinking time,” and “time-to-plan time” in your notebook. _39_ Stick to it deliberately (刻意地) until it is more natural for you.Becoming more mindful and deliberate about your time will help you focus on it more thoroughly and find the gifts
104、 in every moment you are given.A. Become a planner.B. Do things mindfully.C. Do you want to enjoy the process?D. Dont expect this will just unfold naturally.E. No one gets more in a day than anyone else.F. Heres what you can do, especially if you are busy and time seems to disappear.G. Most of us do
105、nt live as if our time is limited, and therefore waste too much of it.【答案】35. E 36. D 37. B 38. G 39. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何明智地利用时间的建议。【35题详解】由本段第二句“You get the same amount every single day. (你每天都得到同样的时间。)”和下一句“It doesnt matter how much money or influence you have, it is the same for everyone. (不管
106、你有多少钱或影响力，时间对每个人来说都一样。)”可知，上下文都在讲时间对于每个人来说都是一样的，每天得到的时间也是一样的，承接上下文，E选项“没有人比其他人在一天中得到更多时间。”切题。故选E项。【36题详解】由上两句“So, start thinking about your “gift” of 86,400 seconds each day. Use them wisely each and every day. (所以，开始想想你每天86400秒的“礼物”。每天明智地使用它们。)”和下文关于如何明智使用时间的几点建议可知，上文作者建议读者要明智地使用时间，下文立马提出具体建议，说明明智地
107、使用时间是需要方法的，它不是自然而然发生的，该空起承上启下作用，承接上下文，D选项“别指望这会自然而然地展开。”切题。故选D项。【37题详解】由本段第一句“Define what you care about. (定义你关心什么。)”和第三句“There are certain non-negotiables, but while you are doing all of these “have-to” things, consider what you care about. (有一些是不可协商的，但是当你做所有这些“必须”的事情时，考虑一下你关心什么。)”可知，上文作者建议读者做事时，要有
108、关注点，有关心的事物，可得出要用心做事，承接上文，B选项“用心做事。”切题。故选B项。【38题详解】由下一句“If time is always beyond your management, start being more conscious of what you use it for and what you commit to. (如果时间总是超出你的管理范围，那就开始更清楚地意识到你用它做什么，你承诺做什么。)”可知，下文指出人们会超出自己的时间管理范围（说明时间用多了），可得出上文可能会提及人们多用或浪费时间的问题，承接下文，G选项“我们大多数人活着不会认为我们的时间是有限的，因
109、此浪费了太多的时间。”切题。故选G项。【39题详解】由上两句“Get attached to your calendar. Plan “me time,” “thinking time,” and “time-to-plan time” in your notebook. (加入你的日历。在笔记本上计划“我的时间”、“思考时间”和“计划时间”。)”可知，上文作者建议读者要有不同的计划，说明我们要成为有计划的人，承接上文，A选项“成为一个计划者。”切题。故选A项。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读表达Until quarantine (隔离期) ends, we are left p
110、icturing what physical effort we might make: working out at the gym, playing on a competitive sports team, swimming, biking, or rock climbing. However, we dont often think of martial arts as a possible activity; instead, we rule it out because we think its dangerous, uncommon, and even, impossible.
111、Martial arts isnt considered a sport, right?Well, heres some good news: youre wrong! Martial arts is much more common than people think, and you can start learning at any age. Practicing martial arts is a great way to keep in shape (both physically and mentally). And its much less scary and much les
112、s difficult than its usually portrayed as in movies, so worry not, you dont need to be the karate kid to have a blast! Lets look at what you can usually expect from martial arts of any style.Good martial arts generally requires you to focus on the position and movement of every one of your limbs, so
113、metimes even your breathing too. Think about it: when you leave the gym, your mental state has improved and you are much calmer. This is because youve only paid attention to one activity. It is a great way to clear your head, and practice can help you learn to stay more focused in general (say, when
114、 you start your schoolwork afterwards).Long series of choreographed (编排好的) moves (including when to breath in and out) called forms are often described as “moving meditation (冥想)” ; theyre meditative in the same way doing repeated moves is, but much more so. Martial arts practice can be as slow or a
115、s intense as you want, but its always extremely engaging.Martial arts also improves your coordination, and greatly improves your posture. I have personally seen students go from slouching and knocking things over to walking tall with their shoulders back in just a couple of months.There are many sty
116、les and countless subtypes and mix-ups of martial arts. Whichever one appeals to you, know that all of them are good choices, competitive or not.40. Why isnt martial arts considered a sport by some people?41. What should people focus their attention on when doing martial arts?42. Please decide which
117、 part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.Martial arts practice is beneficial because it can not only make us more facially attractive but also help improve our mental state.43. a) Which type of sport do you prefer, slow sports like yoga, or competitive sports like
118、 basketball? Explain why. (about 40 words)b)Give an example of another Chinese traditional sport and introduce its advantages. (about 40 words)【答案】40. Because some people think it is dangerous, uncommon and even impossible. 41. Focus on the position and movement of every one of your limbs, sometimes
119、 even your breathing too. 42. 在not only make us more facially attractive下边划线。Because the article only mentioned that the exercise can improve the physical fitness, mental state, did not mention that it can improve peoples attractiveness. 43. I prefer more competitive activities, such as basketball,
120、because these sports can make me lose weight and gain muscle, and make my body healthier. I can also make some friends who have the same interest in these sports, and relieve the anxiety of study.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了武术这种体育运动及其好处。【40题详解】考查细节理解。由第一段中的“However, we dont often think of martial arts as
121、a possible activity; instead, we rule it out because we think its dangerous, uncommon, and even, impossible. (然而，我们并不经常认为武术是一种可能的活动；相反，我们排除它，因为我们认为它是危险的，不寻常的，甚至是不可能的。)”可知，有些人不认为武术是一项运动，是因为人们认为武术是危险的，不寻常的，甚至是不可能的。故答案为Because some people think it is dangerous, uncommon and even impossible.。【41题详解】考查细节
122、理解。由第三段中的“Good martial arts generally requires you to focus on the position and movement of every one of your limbs, sometimes even your breathing too. (好的武术通常需要你专注于你每一个肢体的位置和动作，有时甚至你的呼吸也需要。)”可知，人们在习武时应该把注意力集中在自己的每一个肢体的位置和动作，有时甚至是呼吸上。故答案为Focus on the position and movement of every one of your limbs,
123、 sometimes even your breathing too.。【42题详解】考查细节理解。由第二段中的“Practicing martial arts is a great way to keep in shape (both physically and mentally). (练武是保持身体和精神状态的好方法。)”，第三段中的“It is a great way to clear your head, and practice can help you learn to stay more focused in general (say, when you start your
124、schoolwork afterwards). (这是一个让你头脑清醒的好方法，练习可以帮助你学会更集中注意力（比如说，当你以后开始学习的时候）。)”和倒数第二段中的“Martial arts also improves your coordination, and greatly improves your posture. (武术也能提高你的协调能力，大大改善你的姿势。)”可知，练习武术是有益的，它有助于使人集中注意力，改善精神状态，提高协调能力和姿势，并未提及“让我们更有吸引力”，因此在not only make us more facially attractive下面划线。故答案为在
125、not only make us more facially attractive下边划线。Because the article only mentioned that the exercise can improve the physical fitness, mental state coordination and posture, did not mention that it can improve peoples attractiveness.【43题详解】考查开放答题。选择问题(a)回答，结合自身实际，言之有理即可。故答案为I prefer more competitive a
126、ctivities, such as basketball, because these sports can make me lose weight and gain muscle, and make my body healthier. I can also make some friends who have the same interest in these sports, and relieve the anxiety of study.。第二节 （20分）44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。 为迎接北京2022年冬奥会，你们学校下个月将要举办“迎冬奥 做贡献”主题活动。请你给交
127、换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加此次活动，内容包括：1.活动目的；2.具体安排；3.发出邀请。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,Having known that you are into the Winter Olympics to be held in Beijing, I am writing to invite you to participate in the relevant activity in our school.In order to promote the Olympi
128、c spirit and get deeper insights into the winter sports, an activity themed on “Make a Contribution to the Winter Olympics” will be held next month, when a series of lectures will be open to everyone, such as lectures on how to communicate with people from different countries and ways to improve air
129、 quality. Additionally, there will be many competitions varying from skiing to skating so that you can choose whichever you are interested in.Hopefully, you can come and enjoy the activity. Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加你们学校下个月将要举办“迎冬奥 做贡献”主题活动。【详解】1.词汇积累对感兴趣：be interested inb
130、e into/be crazy about参加：join in/take part inparticipant in深入了解：make a better understanding ofget deeper insights into范围从到：range fromto= vary fromto2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Hopefully, you can come and enjoy the activity.拓展句：I sincerely hope that you can come and enjoy the activity.【点睛】高分句型1 Having known that
131、you are into the Winter Olympics to be held in Beijing, I am writing to invite you to participate in the relevant activity in our school. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)高分句型2 Additionally, there will be many competitions varying from skiing to skating so that you can choose whichever you are interested in. (运用了so that引导的状语从句)
