1、1v 积累2n.重担，负担3adj.未住人的，空置的4adj.各种各样的5vt.&vi.辞职6vt.删除7vi.(使)收缩，缩小8n.优点，长处accumulateburden vacantdiverse resigndeleteshrinkvirtue9n.相撞10vt.跳过11vt.投下12vt.着手做，从事13n.罚款14n.判决15vt.废除16adv.再者，此外collision skipcastundertake finesentence abolishmoreover17adv.而且，此外18adj.自愿的v自愿n.自愿者19adj.大量的n大量20n签名v签名；打手势 n招牌；
2、迹象；符号21vt.统治，管理n政府22n调整，调节vt.调整，调节，使适应furthermorevoluntaryvolunteerabundantabundance signaturesign govern governmentadjustment adjust23vt.选举，推选n选举24adj.宽大的，仁慈的n宽容，仁慈25vt.&vi.腐烂adj.腐烂的26n口渴adj.口渴的27n容器vt.包含；装有28adv.所以，因此adj.作为结果的n结果，后果electelectionmerciful mercy rottenrotthirstthirstycontainercontain
3、consequently consequentconsequence1 形成，存在2故意惹恼某人3炫耀，夸耀4撞上某人5闯入6原则上7判某人死刑8在增长/下降come into beingwind sb.up show offknock into sb.break into on principle sentence sb.to deathon the increase/decrease 9过得好/过得更好10认真对待11最重要的是；首先12废除；取消13冒险14首先be well off/better offtake.seriously above alldo away with at ri
4、skto start with15在中起重要作用；在中扮演重要角色16照看，留心瞧；注意17促进，有助于18考虑，注意，体谅play an important role in.keep an eye on contribute to take.Into account 1As a society,its high time that we took these issues more seriously.作为一个社会，我们早该认真对待这些问题了。解读：its high time that sb.did sth.“到某人做某事的时间了”仿写：该是我们为改善环境而出力的时候了。_ we _ som
5、ething to improve the environment.答案：Its high time that;did2Id rather you didnt mention that.我宁愿你不要提那件事。解读：would rather 后接从句时，从句应该用虚拟语气仿写：我真希望你那天没有把消息告诉他。I would rather you _him the news that day.答案：hadnt told3The only time that life sentences should be given is when a person is so dangerous that th
6、e community is at risk if he or she is let out of prison.判无期徒刑(或终身监禁)的唯一条件是：罪犯十分危险，一旦被释放出狱，周围的人们就要遭殃。解读：that引导的定语从句仿写：你还记得我们在海南岛度过的日子吗？Do you still remember the days _ we spent on Hainan Island?答案：that4What if some married people have affairs?要是一些已婚的人有了婚外恋会怎么样？解读：what if是连词词组，意为“要是怎么办”，位于句首，引导条件状语从句
7、仿写：要是王仕鹏缺席这场篮球赛会怎么样呢？_Wang Shipeng is absent from the basketball game?答案：What1.abundant adj.大量的；丰盛的；充裕的(1)be abundant in 富于，很丰富(2)abundance n.丰富an abundance of 丰富的，许多的in abundance 大量，富裕That is no small task,but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.(摘自2011广东高考阅读理解D)这项任务并不
8、轻松，但它为可持续发展工业提供了充足的机会。Chinanatural resources.中国自然资源丰富。is abundant in There is a great abundance of sunshine here.这里阳光充足。Wild flowers growon the hillsides.山坡上长满了野花。in abundance2.burden n负担，重担 vt.(使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等)(1)be a burden to 是的负担bear/carry/reduce/share the burden承受/担负/减少/分担重担(2)burden sb./ones
9、elf with sth.装载；使负担be burdened with.负重；为所累教材P34原句 Instead,they feel like a burden be-cause every month we have to hand over most of the money we earn to pay for them.相反，它们就像一种负担，因为我们每月都要将挣来的大部分的钱拿出来支付还款。The burden of students has been a hot topic for years.(摘自2011江苏高考书面表达)近些年，学生的负担已成为一个热门话题。I dont w
10、ant toyoumy worries.我不想让你为我的烦恼操心。Theya high mortgage.他们负担一笔很高的按揭贷款。burdenwithare burdened with3vacant adj.未占用的，空置的；(职位)空缺的；(目光、表情等)茫然的(1)a vacant seat 空位a vacant position/post 空缺职位a vacant expression/look 茫然的表情(2)vacancy n.(职位的)空缺，空职job vacancies 职位空缺教材P34原句 Surely were still better off than those w
11、ho wear rags and sleep on the streets or in vacant build-ings.当然我们仍旧比那些穿着破烂衣衫，睡在街道上或者空置的大楼里的人的生活要好得多 The number ofhas largely increased compared to the same period of last year.空缺职位的数量与去年同期相比大幅增加。He stared into space with.他茫然地凝视着天空。vacant postsa vacant expression4resign vt.&vi.辞职，辞去；使顺从resign ones j
12、ob/post/position 辞去工作/职位resign from 辞职resign oneself to(doing)sth.顺从；使自己安于(做)某事教材P35原句 His boss insisted that he work longer hours so he resigned.他的老板坚持要他更长时间的工作，所以他辞职了。Heas chairman.他辞去了主席的职务。resigned his positionThe Ministeroffice.那部长辞职了。We should never resign ourselves to being defeated.我们将永远不甘心于
13、失败。resigned from 5.elect vt.选举，推选；选择elect sb.to.选举某人进入 elect sb.as/to be.选举某人为 elect to do sth.选择做某事教材P36原句 There is a leader in each area of the town and each town has an elected leader.这个城镇的每个地区都有一个领导人，而且每个城镇都有一个选出来的领导人。She was elected to Parliament in 1978.她于1978年入选议会。TheyTomtheir representative.
14、他们选举汤姆作为他们的代表。Shea lawyer.她选择了当律师。electedaselected to become6.undertake vt.着手做，从事，承担；允诺，答应undertake a task/job 承担一项任务/工作undertake to do sth.答应做某事undertake that.保证 教材P38原句 Conditions improved a great deal and the government undertook the preservation of many of the oldest hutongs.胡同的条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很多早
15、期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。Hethe job by Wednesday.他答应在星期三以前完成这项工作。I cantyou will make a profit.我不能担保你会获利。undertook to finishundertake that7sentence n.&vt.判决；宣判；判刑(1)serve a sentence 服刑pass/give sentence on sb.给某人判刑a death/life sentence 死刑/无期徒刑(2)sentence sb.to sth.给某人判刑(常用被动语态)be sentenced to death/three years in
16、 prison被判死刑/三年徒刑教材P40原句 In the USA in the last 100 years,23 men have been wrongly sentenced to death and there are doubts about 400 other cases.在美国，在过去的100年里，23人已被错误地判处死刑，有另外400案例遭质疑。The prisoner hasand will be released tomorrow.犯人已服刑期满，明天将获释。served his sentenceThe judge passed sentence on him.法官宣布了
17、对他的判决。Sanchezfor his part in the crime.桑切兹因参与犯罪被判处3年徒刑。was sentenced to three years in prison.选词填空(其中有一项是多余的)abundant，abolish，govern，consequently，undertake，vacant，elect，burden，moreover 1.Its brave for her to _ the great task.答案：undertake2The bank refused to help the company;_，it went out of business
18、.答案：consequently3I dont want to become a_ to my children when Im old.答案：burden4At last Mr.Brown was _ chairman of the committee.答案：elected5Are there any _ positions in your company?答案：vacant6Rainfall is _ in the region.答案：abundant7The girl was so excited that she couldnt _ her temper.答案：govern8Do _
19、this kind of bad custom.答案：abolish.单项填空1They are trying to discover a land abundant _ minerals,that is,a land having minerals _ abundance.Ain;in Bto;inCin;to Dto;to解析：考查介词。abundant常与in连用，be abundant in sth.表示某物在某处或某方面很丰盛；in abundance是固定搭配，表示“大量，丰盛，充裕”。答案：A2Is there a _ seat in the smoking area?I nee
20、d to have a smoke to relieve my temptation.Aempty BvacantCblank Dhollow解析：句意：在吸烟区有空座位吗？我需要抽一口缓解一下烟瘾。empty表示“空的，没有什么东西的”；blank 表示“空白的，没有填写内容的”；hollow表示“中间空的，没有实质内容的”；而vacant表示“未被占用的”，所以答案为B。答案：B3It was the _ of the family that made Jim look thin and serious.Asupport BburdenCemphasis Dconvention解析：句意：
21、是养家糊口的重担使吉姆变得消瘦而严肃。support“支持”；emphasis“强调”；convention“传统”；burden“重担”，只有B项符合句意。答案：B4Since he graduated from the college,he has been _ experiments and calculations.Ashrinking BaccumulatingCundergoing Dundertaking解析：undertake意为“从事”。句意：自从大学毕业后，他一直在从事实验和计算工作。答案：D5After the trial，the judge passed judgeme
22、nt _ her and she was sentenced _ 6 years in prison.Ato;to Bon;onCon;to Dto;on解析：句意：经过审判，法官对她宣判，她被判处六年有期徒刑。pass judgement on“对宣判”；sentence sb.to.“判某人徒刑”。答案：C6The Prime Minister refused to comment on the rumor that he had planned to _.Adischarge BdismissCresign Dresume解析：句意：首相拒绝就他计划辞职的谣言作出任何评论。resign“
23、辞职”，符合句意。discharge“释放，解雇”；dismiss“解散，让离开”；resume“重新开始，再继续”。答案：C7The chairman asked the members to _ their votes for or against the proposal.Abid BofferCcast Dthrow解析：句意：主席要成员们投票表决是同意还是反对这个提议。bid“出价，投标，命令，吩咐”；offer“提供”；cast a vote“投票”，为固定搭配；throw“投，掷”。答案：C8It is said that the chairman of the meeting
24、was _ by them.Achosen BelectedCselected Dpicked解析：句意：据说他们已经选举出了大会主席。elect“选举，推选”，符合句意。choose“选择”；select“挑选，选拔”；pick“挑选，采，摘”。答案：B1come into being形成，存在；出现，产生教材P34原句 If laws such as these came into being，a huge adjustment would be required and there would certainly be diverse reactions.如果像这样的法律能够形成的话，社
25、会将需要作巨大的调整，而人们的反应也一定会各有不同。come into existence 开始存在，建立，产生come into effect/force 生效come into use 开始被使用come into power 掌权come into sight/view 看见；进入视野come into fashion 开始流行The new tax ratesfrom April.新的税率从4月起生效。How long is it since the electric computer?电子计算机从开始应用到现在已有多久了？The new president came into pow
26、er last month.新总统上个月开始执政。come into effectcame into use2show off炫耀，夸耀；卖弄；显示Its bad manners to show off your wealth before others.在别人面前炫耀你的财富是不好的。He likes tohow well he sings.他喜欢向人显示他歌唱得有多好。show offshow sb.around 领某人参观show sb.the way to 给某人指路show up 出席，露面；暴露Weby an elderly guide.我们由一位年长的向导带着四处参观。His s
27、howoff only serves to show up his ignorance.他的卖弄只不过暴露了他自己的无知。were shown around3knock into sb.撞上某人教材P36原句 There is a car accident there at least once a week and today I nearly knocked into somebody crossing the road.那里每周至少有一起车祸发生，我今天差点撞上一个正在过马路的人。knock down 击倒；撞倒；击落knock over 打倒，击倒，撞倒knock around/abo
28、ut 漫游knock off 停止(工作)；使停止(工作)；中断(工作等)These old houses are going to.这些旧房子要拆了。He spent a few yearsEurope.他花了几年时间漫游欧洲。What time do you knock off work?你什么时候下班？be knocked downknocking around/about.选词填空(其中有一项是多余的)to start with，knock into，break into，on principle，better off，come into being 1When did the wor
29、ld _?答案：come into being2Did a burglar _ your house last night?答案：break into3The boy _ his mother.答案：knocked into4People in my hometown are much _ than before.答案：better off5_，I need some soup.答案：To start with.单项填空1Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago,long before humans _.Acame i
30、nto being Bcame into contactCcame into force Dcame into sight解析：语境“在人类产生之前”，come into being“形成，产生”；come into contact“联系，接触”；come into force“开始生效”；come into sight“出现”。答案：A2Whenever possible,John_ how well he speaks Japanese.Ashows up Bshows aroundCshows off Dshows out解析：句意：只要有可能约翰就炫耀他日语说得多么好。show up“
31、暴露，显露，露面”；show around“带领参观”；show off“炫耀，显摆”；show out“带出门，领出去”。答案：C3He was in such a hurry that he almost_the old man.Aknocked at Bknocked intoCknocked off Dknocked on解析：knock into sb.“撞到某人身上”。knock on/at 意为“轻轻敲击”；knock off 意为“敲落”。答案：B4Only by continuously increasing social accumulation can a country
32、 be prosperous and the people _.Awell up Bwell offCwell away Dwell out解析：well off为固定短语，意为“经济上富裕的，处境好的”。句意：只有不断增加社会积累，一个国家才能兴旺，人民才能富裕。答案：BAs a society,these issues more seriously.作为整个社会来讲，我们早该更认真地考虑这些问题了。It is high time that.到做的时候了。从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去时或“should动词原形”，that可以省略。Its high time that you starte
33、d/should start working.你早该开始工作了。its high time that we took1It is about time that sb.did sth./should do sth.到某人该做某事的时候了。2Its time for sb.to do sth.某人该做某事了3It is time for sth.该是做某事的时候了4It is/will be the first/second/.time that sb.have/has done sth.这将是某人第一/二/次做某事5It was the first/second/.time that sb.h
34、ad done sth.这是某人第一/二/次做某事Its time for youlunch.该是你吃午饭的时候了。class.Please be seated.该上课了，请坐好。It will be the second time Ive met him.这将是我第二次遇见他。It was the first time this year he the class meeting.这是他今年第一次缺席班会。to haveIts time forhadnt attended.完成句子1Its high time that _(你该起床了)答案：you got up/should get up2
35、I would rather that _(你上次采纳了医生的建议)答案：you had taken the doctors advice last time3要是他们不来会怎么样呢？_ they dont show up?答案：What if.单项填空4Would you mind if we set out earlier tomorrow morning?Well,Id rather you _.Adont BwontCdidnt Dwouldnt解析：would rather后跟从句时，从句若表示现在或将来，从句中谓语要用一般过去时；若从句表示过去，其谓语用过去完成时。根据语境可知，此
36、处是表示“我希望你们(明早)不要早出发”。故选C。答案：C5This is the first time I _ my first picture with my own hands.It is time that you _ a picture for me.Atook;took Bhave taken;tookCtook;will take Dwill take;have taken解析：在“This/It is the first time从句”中，从句谓语动词用现在完成时；在“It is(high)time从句”中，从句谓语动词用一般过去时或shoulddo形式。答案：B说服1(201
37、2青岛质检)The leader,_ the rule unfair for women,suggested it _.Afinding;banned Bto find;bannedCfound;to be banned Dfinding;be banned解析：考查非谓语动词和suggest后接从句时使用虚拟语气的用法。finding the rule unfair for women在句中充当定语，suggested it后省略了should。答案：D2(2012潍坊质检)The captain urged that the mission _ before dark.Amust be f
38、inished Bbe finishedCought to be finished Dwas finished解析：考查虚拟语气。urge“极力主张、强烈要求”，后接that从句，用虚拟语气，即shoulddo,should可以省略。答案：B3Mum,Ive got a bad cold.Oh.Tom,_ go to see the doctor.Aso you have Byoud betterCso have you DI would rather you解析：考查youd better do sth.的用法。句意：“妈妈，我得了重感冒。”“噢，汤姆，你最好去看医生。”根据上下文，应用yo
39、ud better do sth.，意为“你最好做”。答案：B4Its time for supper.I _ to go home.Aought BshouldCwill be Dhave gone解析：考查ought to do的用法。句意：到了吃晚饭的时候了，我应该回家了。只有ought后加to do 构成ought to do表示“应该做”。答案：A5The workers demanded that their wages _ by 10 percent.Abe raised BraisedCto raise Draising解析：考查动词demand的用法。句意：工人们要求增加百分之十的工资。demand后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should动词原形，should可省略。答案：A6The workers requested that their working conditions _.Amust be improved Bbe improvedCwould be improved Dwere improved解析：句意：工人们要求改善工作条件。request后面宾语从句中的动词要用虚拟语气，即should动词原形，should可省略，且根据句意，应用被动结构，故be improved为正确选项。答案：B
