1、Four natural disastersA natural disaster is defined as a natural hazard，which has a negative effect on human beings.Given below are some of the very important natural disasters.Blizzard(暴风雪)A severe winter storm is known as a blizzard.Strong winds,heavy snowfall and low temperatures characterize a b
2、lizzard.A blizzard that occurred in1888 killed over 400 people in the northeastern States.This blizzard is known Great Blizzard of 1888.FloodA flood is a natural disaster as it is the death of human beings and animals.Crops are destroyed in the flood,which results in increased food prices due to foo
3、d shortages.In a flood situation,drinking water becomes scarce because water is polluted.Due to this,many diseases can spread.FireFire is terrible especially forest fire.Forest fire is also known as wildfire.It is a natural disaster caused by a volcanic eruption or by human carelessness.Wildfire can
4、 threaten wildlife and the human habitation close to the forest.EarthquakeAn earthquake occurs when the tectonic(地壳构造的)plates that form the upper crust of the earth collide or slide against each other.When the tectonic plates collide against each other,the stress is released.It is true that animals
5、can sense earthquakes before they occur.多积词汇define vt.规定；使明确vi.下定义hazard n.危险；危害negative adj.否定的；消极的characterize vt.描述(人或物)的特性；具有的特征volcanic eruption 火山喷发habitation n.居住；住宅，家crust n.地壳；外壳collide vi.碰撞；相撞；冲突；抵触What Is a Tornado？A tornado is a rotatingcolumnof air from athunderstorm to the ground.The
6、most violenthave winds of more than 400 kilometres per hour.Almost all of them occur in the US,in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.原文呈现 读文清障tornado/tned/n.龙卷风rotating/rtet/adj.旋转的；循环的column/klm/n.柱状物；柱状体thunderstorm/ndstm/n.雷暴violent/valnt/adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的per prep.每oc
7、cur/k/vi.发生occur 不用于被动语态和进行时态。Section Introduction&Reading Pre-readingpick up 卷起；掀起fur/f/n.(动物的)毛皮 take off 去掉feather/fe/n.羽毛 furniture/fnt/n.家具where it was 是 where 引导的地点状语从句。原文呈现 读文清障Tornadoes can pick upcars,trains and even houses and put them down in the next street or even in the next town.They
8、can take the furoff the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken.They can destroy houses,but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.on average 平均起来 cause/kz/vt.引起；导致causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries 是现在分词短语作结果状语。of all time 有史以来，历史上(常与最高级连用)现在分词短语 affecting three US states 作状语，
9、表结果。原文呈现 读文清障On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925,affecting three US states：Missouri,Illinois and Indiana.By the time it ended,more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured.什
10、么是龙卷风？第 13 段译文龙卷风是指一个从空中的雷暴延伸到地面而生成的旋转气柱。最强烈的龙卷风风速达到每小时 400 千米以上。几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国，从东南部的得克萨斯州到北部的南达科他州。龙卷风能卷起汽车、火车，甚至房子，把它们卷到邻近的街道甚至邻近的城镇。它们(龙卷风)能拔掉猫背上的毛和鸡身上的羽毛。它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。平均起来，美国每年发生 800 次龙卷风，造成大约 80 人死亡、1 500 人受伤。有史以来最严重的一场龙卷风发生在 1925 年，影响了美国的三个州：密苏里州、伊利诺伊州和印第安纳州。等到风停时，已有 700 人死亡，2 700 人受伤。t
11、ropical/trpkl/adj.热带的原文呈现 读文清障What Is a Hurricane?Hurricanes are strong tropical storms,and they usually occur in the southern Atlantic Ocean,the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico.which cause huge waves,heavy rain and floods 是 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰 winds。21 wave/wev/n.波浪wave v挥手，招手22 flood/fld/n.洪
12、水原文呈现 读文清障There are violent winds of 120 kilometres per hour or more，which cause huge waves21，heavy rain and floods22.There are on average six Atlantic hurricanes each year and they usually affect the east coast ofthe US from Texas to Maine.23 hit v袭击原文呈现 读文清障The worst hurricane disaster of all time
13、 occurred on the 8th September 1900 in Galveston,Texas.Winds of 200 kilometres per hour and five-metre high waves hit23 the city.The disaster killed 6,000 people in a population of 37,000 and destroyed 3,600 buildings.什么是飓风？第 45 段译文飓风是强劲的热带风暴，它们通常发生在南大西洋、加勒比海以及墨西哥湾。(飓风发生时)风速达每小时 120 千米或更快，引发巨浪、暴雨和洪灾
14、。每年平均有 6 次大西洋飓风，这些飓风通常会影响从得克萨斯州到缅因州的美国东部海岸。有史以来最强烈的飓风灾难于 1900 年 9 月 8 日发生在得克萨斯州的加尔维斯顿。时速高达 200 千米的大风和 5 米高的巨浪袭击了这座城市。37 000 人中有 6 000 人遇难，3 600 幢建筑物被摧毁。原文呈现 读文清障An Extraordinary EventThis is a story about the 1900 Galveston hurricane.Charles Coghlan was a nineteenth-century Irish actor who went to l
15、ive in Canada24.He then moved to New York,where he became famous 25.24 who 引导的定语从句，修饰 actor,who 在从句中作主语。25 where 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰 New York。where 在从句中作地点状语，可以转换成 in which。26 where 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰 Galveston。27 strike/strak/vt.&n(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击strikestruckstruck/stricken原文呈现 读文清障By the late 1890s，he had moved
16、 to Galveston,where he died 26 in 1899,a year before the hurricane struck27.The cemetery28 29 where Coghlan was buried 30was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlans coffin 31ended up 32 in the sea.原文呈现 读文清障28 cemetery/semtri/n.墓地；公墓29 where 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 the cemetery,where 在从句中作地点状语。30 bury/beri/vt.
17、埋葬be buried inbury oneself in 埋头于，专心于31 coffin/kfn/n.棺材32 end up 结果为，以结束end up with 以某种方式结束33 up prep.沿而上原文呈现 读文清障Eight years later,the coffin was found by fishermen in the sea near his home on Prince Edward Island in the east of Canada.The Gulf Stream had carried it 3,000 kilometres up33 the easter
18、n US coast to Prince Edward Island.Coghlan travelled back to Canada after he had been buried in Texas！一个离奇的事件第 68 段译文这是一个关于 1900 年加尔维斯顿飓风的故事。查尔斯科格伦是 19 世纪一位定居加拿大的爱尔兰演员。后来他移居纽约，并在那里成名。到 19 世纪 90 年代末，他已经移居加尔维斯顿，于 1899 年在那里去世，也就是飓风袭击那里的前一年。掩埋科格伦的公墓被飓风摧毁，他的棺材最终被卷入了大海。8 年后，渔民们在加拿大东部爱德华王子岛他家附近发现了他的棺材。墨西哥湾
19、流沿着美国东海岸把它(棺材)一直带到爱德华王子岛，行程 3 000 千米。埋葬于得克萨斯州的查尔斯科格伦又回到了加拿大！.Match the word with its meaning.1cemetery A灾难2strike B墓地3wave C袭击4violent D波浪5occur E发生6bury F埋葬7furniture G猛烈的；激烈的8cause H引起；导致9experience I家具10disaster J经历答案：15 BCDGE 610 FIHJA.Write down the meaning of phrases in each sentence.1We fail
20、one student per year on average.2If she insists on sleeping on the floor,put down a mattress to make her more comfortable.3The boy was so tired that he fell asleep before his mother could take off his clothes.平均放下脱掉4Dont worry.Ive arranged for a car to pick up the guests at the station at 8 oclock.5
21、In English,if new words continue to be used for at least five years they generally end up in the Oxford English Dictionary.接(某人)结束1Look at the following pictures and match the pictures with their names.Avolcanic eruption Bthunderstorm ChurricaneDflood Etornado Flightning Gdrought答案：(1)(5)FEDCB(6)(7)
22、GA2Match the words with their definition.(1)tornado Aa lot of water in an area which is usually dry(2)hurricane Ba very strong wind or storm(3)lightning Ca lot of rain falling quickly,with loud noises and flashes of light(4)thunderstorm Dthe flash of light which happens during a thunderstorm(5)flood
23、 Ea column of air that turns very quickly答案：(1)(5)EBDCA.Fast-reading1What is the purpose of the passage?ATo introduce tornadoes and hurricanes and tell an extraordinary story.BTo introduce the worst hurricane of all time.CTo introduce the damage the worst tornado cause to the US.DTo introduce the si
24、milarities between the tornado and the hurricane.答案：A2Read the text quickly and decide the following sentences are true(T)or false(F)(1)All tornadoes have winds of more than 400 kilometres per hour.(2)There are more tornadoes occurring in the US than in other parts of the world.(3)Tornadoes cant des
25、troy furniture because they are not violent enough.(4)In the US,there are usually about 80 people killed in tornadoes every year.(5)The worst tornado in history killed at least 700 people.(6)Every year there are six Atlantic hurricanes.(7)Both the worst tornado and the worst hurricane occurred in th
26、e US.(8)The worst hurricane of all time killed about onesixth of the population in the US.(9)Charles Coghlan didnt become famous until he moved to New York.(10)Coghlans coffin was destroyed by the 1900 Galveston hurricane.答案：(1)(5)FTFFT (6)(10)FTFTF.Careful-readingRead the text carefully and choose
27、the best answer.1Which of the following descriptions about tornado is NOT correct?AIt is a kind of rotating column of air.BIt is usually caused from a thunderstorm.CIt can reach a speed up to more than 400 kilometers per hour.DIt can cause much damage to people,including deaths and injuries.2How muc
28、h damage did the worst tornado cause to the US?AThe tornado had winds of more than 400 kilometres per hour.BThe fur of the back of many cats and the feathers of many chickens had been taken off.CIt caused about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries.DMore than 700 people lost their lives and 2，700 had been in
29、jured.3Where was Charles Coghlan born indeed?AIn Ireland.BIn Canada.CIn New York.DIn Galveston.4What are the causes of these natural violence?AThe different atmospheric pressure between two areas.BThe changeable weather in these areas.CThe destroy of nature by human beings.DNot mentioned in the pass
30、age.5Which is the right order about Charles Coghlan?aThe terrible hurricane struck the city Galveston.bHe moved to Galveston and died there.cHe moved to New York.dHe went to live in Canada.eHis coffin was found in the sea near his home on Prince Edward Island.Aabcde BdcbaeCeabdc Ddbcae答案：15 BDADB.St
31、udy-readingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1They can destroy houses,but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.句式分析 本句是由并列连词 but 连接构成的并列句，在后一分句中含有一个 where 引导的从句作宾补。尝试翻译 它们能毁掉房子，但把里面的家具留在原地。2The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925,affecting three US states:Missou
32、ri,Illinois and Indiana.句式分析 本句是简单句，主干句是 The worst tornado occurred in 1925，现在分词短语 affecting three US states:Missouri,Illinois and Indiana 在句中作结果状语。尝试翻译 历史上最恶劣的一次龙卷风发生在1925 年，波及了美国的三个州：密苏里州、伊利诺伊州和印第安纳州。3By the late 1890s,he had moved to Galveston,where he died in 1899,a year before the hurricane struck.句式分析 本句中主干句是 he had moved to Galveston,by the late 1890s 作时间状语，where he died in 1899 是非限制性定语从句，a year before the hurricane struck 作 1899 的同位语。尝试翻译 到 19 世纪 90 年代后期时，他已经搬到加尔维斯顿，于 1899 年在那里去世，第二年，飓风袭击了那里。“课时跟踪检测”见“Module 3 课时跟踪检测（一）”(单击进入电子文档)
