1、2023-2024年度第一学期高二年级阶段调研高二英语第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分)一、短对话1. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a bank. B. In a hotel. C. In a supermarket.2. What will the whether be like tomorrow?A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Windy.3. What does James plan to do this afternoon?A. Go shopping. B. Attend
2、a party. C. Do some decorations.4. How many languages are there in Google Translate?A. 133. B. 157. C. 300.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. Their neighbors. B. Their holiday plans. C. Their favorite part-time jobs.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分)听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6. What is Steve going to do in an hour?A.
3、 Watch a TV show.B. Go to the park.C. Have dinner with his parents.7. Where will the speakers meet tomorrow?A. At a restaurant. B. At the concert hall. C. At Mias apartment.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8. Why did Wendy sleep badly last night?A. She worked too late.B. She had too much coffee.C. She suffered from
4、 work pressure.9. What does the man advise Wendy to do before bedtime?A. Take sleeping pills. B. Do some exercise. C. Drink hot milk.10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Fellow workers. B. Husband and wife. C. Neighbors.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11. What is the man?A. A driver. B. A
5、teacher. C. A mechanic.12. What will Meg do on Sunday?A. Go to the post office. B. Finish some paperwork. C. Leave for another country.13. When will the man meet Meg?A. At 11:00 am. B. At 2:00 pm. C. At 3:00 pm.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14. Who is the mans favorite player?A. Messi. B. Neymar. C. Cristiano Ro
6、naldo.15. What does the man explain about the 2022 World Cup?A. The influence. B. The time change. C. The best players.16. Which country has won the most World Cups?A. Italy. B. Brazil. C. Germany.三、短文听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17. How long did the two men spend at sea?A. One week. B. About 20 days. C. About on
7、e month.18. What was the two mens attitude toward their adventure?A. Positive. B. Ambiguous. C. Negative.19. What did the two men eat to survive?A. Fish. B. Oranges. C. Seabirds.20. Who saved the two men?A A fisherman B. The local government. C. A search and rescue team.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小
8、题2.5分，满分37.5分)ANew big pack from Sierra Designs The latest pack from Sierra Designs is the Gigawatt 60L. The pack has an adjustable back system that fits back lengths from 40cm to 53cm. Its made from durable 300D polyester. Features include a zipped top and side access, oversized side and front pock
9、ets. The Gigawatt 60L weighs 1.84kg and costs 130. Scarpa upgrades its Maestrale boots Maestrale Re-Made ski boots are made from Polymer taken from around three tons of leftover materials. Creating a Re-Made boot from Polymer emits 27% less carbon dioxide than creating a “classic” boot from plant-ba
10、sed Pebax Rnew, which emits 32% less carbon dioxide than Fossil-based Plastics. The design and manufacturing process behind the Re-Made boot were developed by Scarpas Green Lab, the production department dedicated to sustainable solutions. A pair costs 500. scarpa.co.uk / ellis-Vasque Breeze gets su
11、stainable update The well-established Vasque Breeze hiking boot has been modernised with environmentally friendly materials. Its now made with recycled polyester and is the first boot to have a VasqueDry Waterproof membrane, which is made from 25% recycled materials. The Breeze is also comfortable t
12、o wear with its soft footbed. The Breeze weighs 1120 grams and comes in two widths. It costs 140. The North Face launches new ski touring clothing The Dawn Turn clothing provides a layering system for ski touring designed to keep you warm, dry and freely moving. It includes a shell jacket, midlayers
13、, trousers and accessories. The Dawn Turn 2.0 jacket won the innovation award at ISPO for its breathable layer. The cost is 350. The Dawn Turn 1.0 Jacket is made from waterproof DryVent. It features a windproof hood and oversized front pockets, and costs 325. thenorthface.co.uk1. The target readers
14、of the passage are probably _.A. The ski athletesB. The outdoor loversC. The environmentalistsD. The sports retailers2. Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage?A. Both kinds of boots mentioned in the passage have two different widths.B. The latest big pack from Sierra Desig
15、ns has a fixed back system.C. The Vasque Breeze hiking boot is both eco-friendly and waterproof.D. The Dawn Turn 1.0 Jacket won the innovation award at ISPO.3. In the boots production, which order is correct based on the carbon emissions of the materials?A. Polymer Pebax Renew Fossil-based PlasticsB
16、. Fossil-based Plastics Pebax Renew PolymerC. Fossil-based Plastics Polymer Pebax RenewD. Polymer Fossil-based Plastics Pebax Renew【答案】1. B2. C3. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几款户外活动装备背包，鞋子和衣服。【1题详解】推理判断题。主要介绍了几款户外活动装备背包，鞋子和衣服。文章Vasque Breeze gets sustainable update部分“The well-established Vasque Breeze hiki
17、ng boot has been modernised with environmentally friendly materials. (Vasque Breeze登山靴采用环保材料进行了现代化改造。)”可知这篇文章的目标读者可能是户外爱好者，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。文章Vasque Breeze gets sustainable update部分“Its now made with recycled polyester and is the first boot to have a VasqueDry Waterproof membrane, which is made from
18、25% recycled materials. (它现在由回收聚酯纤维制成，是第一款采用VasqueDry防水膜的靴子，该防水膜由25%的回收材料制成。)”可知根据短文，陈述是正确的的是Vasque Breeze登山靴既环保又防水，故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。文章Scarpa upgrades its Maestrale boots部分“Creating a Re-Made boot from Polymer emits 27% less carbon dioxide than creating a “classic” boot from plant-based Pebax Rnew, w
19、hich emits 32% less carbon dioxide than Fossil-based Plastics. (用聚合物制造一只重新制造的靴子比用植物基Pebax Rnew制造一只“经典”靴子少排放27%的二氧化碳，后者比化石基塑料少排放32%的二氧化碳。)”可知在靴子生产中，根据材料的碳排放量，顺序是正确的化石塑料Pebax Renew聚合物，故选B。BBatman may not have any superpowers, but his inspiration certainly does.More than 1,400 bat species live around t
20、he world, except in Antarctica and a few remote islands. Over their 50 million years of evolution, bats have developed clever solutions to lifes challenges, from a built-in sonar (声呐) system for finding food to fast, flexible wings that produce the fastest level-flight speed of any animal on Earth.“
21、There is still a lot to learn, but it is clear that bats really do have superpowers,” says Rodrigo Medelln, an ecologist. “Bats are showing us how to live a better life, for instance, by serving as models for healthy living and long lives.”As a general rule in biology, smaller animals have shorter l
22、ives than larger ones. But bats are rule breakers: theyre the longest-lived mammals (哺乳动物) relative to their body size. Recently, scientists looked inside bats cells for the secrets to their exceptionally long lives. They focused on telomeres (端粒), which are the protective structures found at the en
23、ds of chromosomes (染色体). In most animals, telomeres tend to get shorter with age. But the telomeres of the longest-lived group of bats, Myotis, do not appear to shrink (收缩) with age. Understanding why bats live so long may help humans live longer one day.In addition to living longer, bats remain hea
24、lthy throughout their lives, with very low risk of developing cancer. Furthermore, bats can carry deadly viruses without getting sick. So further research into their unique immune (免疫的) systems may actually give insight into how people can live with viruses and not get sick.Beyond their own abilitie
25、s bats also support many other parts of their ecosystems. Three out of every four bat species eat insects. Many are pests that cause damage to important agricultural crops, such as cotton. Scientists estimate that insect-eating bats may save U.S. farmers about 1 billion per year. In addition, many b
26、at species help improve plant health and diversity.“Bats are unsung heroes of biodiversity,” says Medelln. “Its about time we appreciated them.”4. What can be learned about bats from the text?A. They fly the fastest of all land animals.B. They are at low risk of falling sick with a virus.C. They liv
27、e mainly on the islands of Antarctica.D. They are the longest-lived animals given their size.5. What did scientists recently find?A. Animals telomeres rarely shrink with age.B. Myotiss telomeres do not shorten as they age.C. Smaller animals usually live shorter lives than larger ones.D. More researc
28、h into bat telomeres could help people live more healthily.6. What is the authors intention in writing the last paragraph but one?A. To show what bats feed on.B. To call on people to protect bats.C. To explain how bats benefit the farmers.D. To highlight the importance of bats to the ecosystem.7. Wh
29、at would be a suitable title for this text?A. Bats Offer Clues to Treating DiseasesB. How Bats Deal with Lifes ChallengesC. Scientists Unlock the Secrets to Long LivesD. Why Bats Are Superheroes of the Animal World【答案】4. B5. B6. D7. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了蝙蝠是健康生活和长寿的榜样，它们独特的免疫功能可以让人类深入了解人们如何与病毒共存而不生病
30、。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Furthermore, bats can carry deadly viruses without getting sick.So further research into their unique immune(免疫的) systems may actually give insight into how people can live with viruses and not get sick. (此外，蝙蝠可以携带致命病毒而不会生病。因此，对它们独特的免疫系统的进一步研究可能会让我们深入了解人类如何与病毒共存而不生病)”可知，蝙蝠有独特的免疫
31、系统，虽然携带致命病毒但不会生病。因此，从课文中了解到关于蝙蝠的是B项“They are at low risk of falling sick with a virus.(它们感染病毒的风险很低)”符合题意，故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“But the telomeres of the longest-lived group of bats, Myotis, do not appear to shrink (收缩) with age.(但寿命最长的蝙蝠Myotis的端粒似乎不会随着年龄的增长而收缩)”可知，Myotis的端粒似乎不会随着年龄的增长而收缩。故选B项。【6题详解】
32、推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Beyond their own abilities, bats also support many other parts of their ecosystemsIn addition, many bat species help improve plant health and diversity.( 除了自身能力之外，蝙蝠还支持其生态系统的许多其他部分此外，许多蝙蝠物种有助于改善植物健康和多样性)”和最后一段“Bats are unsung heroes of biodiversity,” says Medelln. “Its about time we ap
33、preciated them.”(“蝙蝠是生物多样性的无名英雄，”麦德林说，“现在是我们欣赏它们的时候了。”)”可知，蝙蝠对生态系统非常重要，因此，作者写最后一段的意图是D项“To highlight the importance of bats to the ecosystem. (强调蝙蝠对生态系统的重要性)”符合题意，故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据倒数第二段“Beyond their own abilities, bats also support many other parts of their ecosystemsIn addition, many bat
34、species help improve plant health and diversity.( 除了自身能力之外，蝙蝠还支持其生态系统的许多其他部分此外，许多蝙蝠物种有助于改善植物健康和多样性)”和最后一段“Bats are unsung heroes of biodiversity,” says Medelln. “Its about time we appreciated them.”(“蝙蝠是生物多样性的无名英雄，”麦德林说，“现在是我们欣赏它们的时候了”)”可知，本文介绍了蝙蝠是健康生活和长寿的榜样，它们独特的免疫功能可以让人类深入了解人们如何与病毒共存而不生病。除了自身能力之外，
35、蝙蝠还支持其生态系统的许多其他部分，可见，蝙蝠对生态系统非常重要，是动物世界的超级英雄。因此，这篇文章的合适标题是D项“Why Bats Are Superheroes of the Animal World(为什么蝙蝠是动物世界的超级英雄)”符合题意，故选D项。CUp and down the economic ladder, many Americans who workand especially those raising kidsare pressed for time, wishing they had more of it to devote to leisure activit
36、ies (or even just sleeping). At the same time, research has indicated that people who are busy tend to be happier than those who are idle, whether their busyness is purposeful or not.A research paper released late last year investigated this trade-off, attempting to pinpoint (精确指出) how much leisure
37、time is best. Its authors examined the relationship between the amount of “discretionary time” people hadbasically, how much time people spend awake and doing what they wantand how pleased they were with their lives.The paper, which analyzed data covering about 35,000 Americans, found that employed
38、peoples ratings of their satisfaction with life peaked when they had in the neighborhood of two and a half hours of free time a day. For people who didnt work, the optimal (最佳) amount was four hours and 45 minutes.The research traced a correlation (关联) between free time and life satisfaction, but di
39、dnt provide any definitive (最后的) insight into what underlies that correlation“which is exciting, because this is a work in progress,” says Cassie Mogilner Holmes, a professor at UCLAs Anderson School of Management and a co-author of the paper, which hasnt yet been peer-reviewed or published in an ac
40、ademic journal.An experiment that the researchers arranged hinted at (暗示) a possible explanation of the correlation they found. They asked participants to picture and describe what it would be like to have a certain amount of daily free time, and then report how theyd feel about that allotment (分配).
41、 “What we find is that having too little time makes people feel stressed, and maybe thats obvious,” says Holmes. “But interestingly, that effect goes awaythe role of stress goes awayonce you approach the optimal point.” After that point, Holmes says, the subjects started to say they felt less produc
42、tive overall, which could explain why having a lot of free time can feel like having too much free time.Its not clear what an individual is to do with these findings, since the amount of free time people have usually has something to do with a variety of factors, such as having children or a degree
43、of control over work schedules. Holmes shared her research with the MBA students in her class on happiness, and some of the most time-crunched among them were comforted by the findings: “I think that two and a half hours creates a nice goal that even if you increase a little bit more of your discret
44、ionary time use, you can expect that it will translate into greater life satisfaction.”8. According to the passage, what happens to Americans occupied with their work?A. They allow themselves more leisure time.B. They keep themselves busy on purpose.C. They know how much leisure time is best.D. They
45、 experience higher level of satisfaction.9. What can be learned about the correlation between free time and life satisfaction?A. Researchers have cast light on the cause of the correlation.B. Unemployed people need more leisure time to feel content.C. The paper on the correlation has achieved peer r
46、ecognition.D. Employed people enjoy more leisure time in the neighborhood.10. Which of the following charts illustrates the change of stress and productivity?A. B. C. D. 11. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.A. Holmes is optimistic about the influence of her findingsB. individuals ar
47、e encouraged to control their work schedulesC. people with tight schedules cant benefit from the findingsD. the MBA students find no free time to obtain life satisfaction【答案】8. D9. B10. D11. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现忙碌的人往往比闲着的人生活满意度更高，所需要的休闲时间更少，研究者对这一研究对人们的影响持积极的态度。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“research has
48、indicated that people who are busy tend to be happier than those who are idle, whether their business is purposeful or not.”可知，研究表明, 忙碌的人往往比闲着的人更快乐，也就是说忙于工作的美国人的满意度更高，故D项正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“found that employed peoples ratings of their satisfaction with life peaked when they had in the neighborhoo
49、d of two and a half hours of free time a day. For people who didnt work, the optimal (最佳) amount was four hours and 45 minutes.”可知，有工作的人满意的休息时间是两个半小时，而不工作的人满意的休息时间则是4小时45分钟，也就是说不工作的人需要更多的休闲时间来感到满足，故B项正确。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“What we find is that having too little time makes people feel stressed,and m
50、aybe thats obvious,” says Holmes. “But interestingly, that effect goes awaythe role of stress goes awayonce you approach the optimal point.” After that point, Holmes says, the subjects started to say they felt less productive overall,”可知，时间太少会有压力，一旦你达到最佳状态，压力的作用就消失了，在那之后，受试者开始说他们总体上感觉效率较低，D项与这个状态变化相
51、吻合，故D项正确。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Holmes shared her research with the MBA students in her class on happiness, and some of the most time-crunched among them were comforted by the findings: “I think that two and a half hours creates a nice goal that even if you increase a little bit more of your discreti
52、onary time use, you can expect that it will translate into greater life satisfaction”可知，Holmes将这个研究成果分享给了她的学生，很多时间比较紧迫的学生得到了安慰，并且她说“我认为两个半小时能创造出一个很好的目标，即使你只增加一点自由支配的时间，你也可以期望它能转化为更大的生活满意度，也由此可以看出她对研究结果的影响的态度是很积极的，故A项正确。DFinancial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosse
53、s of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers responsible for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institu
54、tion. Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long-term decision-making not only by banks but also by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations. “Short-termism” or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of Eng
55、lands top economist, Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economies, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “Children who pick the strawberries out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last. The average time for h
56、olding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient (短期的) investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hold back a firms efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty.
57、This has been called “quarterly capitalism”. In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities (股票), quicker use of information, and thus shortens attention spans in financial markets. “There seems to be an advantage of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term
58、investing,” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in speech this week. In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to delay performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short-termism.” In
59、its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that “a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance. Much more could be done to encourage “long-termism,” such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure (披露) of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold
60、onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company. Within companies, the right compensation design can provide motivation for executives to think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of all shareholders. Britains new rule is a reminder
61、to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term.12. One reason for imposing the new rule is the regulations _.A. enhance bankers sense of responsibilityB. help corporations achieve larger profitsC. build a new system of financial regula
62、tionD. guarantee the bonuses of top executives13. What can be learned about “Short-termism” from the passage?A. Children always pursue short-term profits by eating strawberries first.B. The influence of it on the companies can be negative in the long run.C. It will bring high profits for the company
63、, thus keeping its customers.D. Digital technology acts as a dominant contributor to its worsening.14. The US and France examples in paragraph 5 and 6 are used to illustrate _.A. the obstacles to preventing “short-termism”Bthe significance of long-term thinkingC. the approaches to promoting “long-te
64、rmism”D. the popularity of short-term thinking15. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Failure of Quarterly CapitalismB. Patience as a Corporate VirtueC. Decisiveness Required of Top ExecutivesD. Frustration of Risk-taking Bankers【答案】12. A13. B14. C15. B【解析】【导语】本文为新闻报道。文章介绍
65、了英国金融法规实施了一条不寻常的规定，让银行家为不良风险负责并修复公众对金融机构的信任。所有的公司都要做出“长期”投资，为子孙后代建设更强的经济。12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks.(英国的金融法规对大银行的老板实施了一项相当不寻常的规定。)”以及第三句“The main purpose of this clawback rule is to hold bankers responsible for
66、harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution.(这项clawback规则的主要目的是让银行家为有害的风险承担责任，并修复公众对金融机构的信任。)”可知，实施新规则的原因是要强化银行家的责任感。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Transient (短期的) investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hold back a firms efforts to invest in long-ter
67、m research or to build up customer loyalty. (短期的投资者对公司的季度利润要求很高，他们可能会阻碍公司投资于长期研究或建立客户忠诚度的努力。)”以及第四段“In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities(股票), quicker use of information, and thus shortens attention spans in financial markets. There seems to be an advantag
68、e of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing, said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in speech this week.(此外，新的数字技术使得股票交易更加迅速，信息使用更加迅速，从而缩短了金融市场的注意力。只注重短期效益的思维方式似乎有优势是以牺牲长期投资为代价，美国证券交易委员会委员Daniel Gallagher在本周的演讲中说。)”可知“Short-termism”对于公司的长期发
69、展是不利的，故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。第五段“In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to delay performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce short-termism. In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that a substantial part of e
70、xecutive pay is now tied to performance.(在美国，2002年的Sarbanes-Oxley法案已迫使多数上市公司将高管的业绩奖金推迟一年左右，这在一定程度上有助于减少短期主义。华尔街日报对CEO薪酬的最新调查发现，高管薪酬的很大一部分现在与业绩挂钩。)”以及第六段第二句“In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company.(在法国，持有公司投资
71、至少两年的股东有时可以在公司中获得更多的投票权。)”列举了美国为减少短期主义投资和法国为了促进长期主义投资而采取的方法。再结合第六段首句“Much more could be done to encourage long-termism, such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure(披露)of stock acquisitions. (促进“长期主义”投资还有很多方法,比如修改税法和加快股票收购的披露。)可推断出第五、六段是以美法为例来说明促进“长期主义”投资的方法。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句和最后一句“
72、Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. .Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long-term decision-making not only by banks but also by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations. (英国的金融法规对大银行的老板实施了一项相
73、当不寻常的规定。然而，官员们也希望获得更大的好处：不仅是银行，而且所有企业都能做出更长期的决策，为子孙后代建设更强大的经济。)”可知英国颁布的新规定是为了促进金融投资的“长期主义的规划”。文章尾段“Britains new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term. (英国的新规定提醒银行家们，社会对他们的表现感兴趣，不仅是短期的，而且是长期的。)”再次呼应首段：英国新政府提醒
74、银行家们注重“长期主义”投资，长期的投资需要耐心（patience）。由此可知B选项“Patience as a Corporate Virtue(耐心是公司的美德)”可以概括全文，为最佳标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分)The Upside to Being OutsideResearch shows that being in nature makes people feel good, whether theyre roughing it in the wilderness for days or just hanging out at a local park for a
75、 while. One study was conducted in the city of Birmingham, Alabama. Researchers found that most participants mood and well-being improved significantly when they spent time in urban parks, even though the average visit was only around half an hour._16_ For example, scientists in the United Kingdom s
76、tudied the impact of the “30 Days Wild” campaign. It challenged people to interact with nature for 30 days by enjoying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting flowers. Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge. and for months afterwards, too. _17_How does
77、nature boost peoples happiness? Scientists say that spending time in natural settings reduces stress and anxiety, which benefits mental and physical health. Research shows our brains are more relaxed in natural settings.To most people, its not news that nature can be calming. But multiple studies ha
78、ve found that spending time in nature also has some more surprising benefits, like improving creativity and problem-solving. _18_ Another found that exposure to nature helped people score better on tests. Thats more proof that going outside is a smart move!What accounts for the connection with cogni
79、tion and creativity? It could be that a good dose of nature acts as a cure to information overload. Everyday life involves a lot of multitasking. Some scientists theorize that spending time in nature enables our brains to rest and recover from mental tiredness. _19_Naturally, scientific studies dont
80、 cover everything thats great about the great outdoors. _20_ From recreation and exercise to happiness and creativity, there are lots of upsides to getting outside.A. Whats more, the lift people get from nature is long lasting.B. So, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating your mind to restful
81、 mini vacation.C. Lots of people enjoy fun activities outside, like swimming, riding bikes, or climbing trees.D. One study revealed that people were better at figuring out puzzles after a four-day camping trip.E. When the only light youve seen all day is the glow of a screen, it might be a good idea
82、 to switch it off.F. According to many scientific studies, theres a good chance itll make you happier, healthier, and more creative.G. This means that whether youre studying or playing video games, heading outside to give your brain a break might help you get to the next level.【答案】16. A17. B18. D19.
83、 G20. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几项户外活动的好处。【16题详解】根据空后的For example可知，空后内容是对该空的举例说明，所以该空为本段的主题句，根据空处所在段的尾句“Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge. and for months afterwards, too.(在整个挑战过程中，参与者明显更快乐、更健康之后的几个月也是如此)”可知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来的快乐会持续很久，结合选项A项Whats more, the lift
84、 people get from nature is long lasting.(更重要的是，人们从大自然得到的提升是持久的)表述的内容与举例说明中的内容一致，符合语境。故选A项。【17题详解】根据空前“For example, scientists in the United Kingdom studied the impact of the “30 Days Wild” campaign. It challenged people to interact with nature for 30 days by enjoying earthy activities like feeding b
85、irds and planting flowers. Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge. and for months afterwards, too.(例如，英国科学家研究了“野外30天”运动的影响。它要求人们在30天内与大自然互动，享受像喂鸟和种花这样的朴实活动。在整个挑战过程中，参与者明显更快乐、更健康。之后的几个月也是如此)”可知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来的快乐，结合选项B项So, kicking back in a park is a bit like tr
86、eating your mind to restful mini vacation.(所以，在公园里放松一下有点像给你的大脑放个小长假)是对前面的总结，符合语境，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。【18题详解】根据上文“But multiple studies have found that spending time in nature also has some more surprising benefits, like improving creativity and problem-solving.(但多项研究发现，花时间在大自然中还有一些更令人惊讶的好处，比如提高创造力和解决问题的能力)”
87、中的multiple studies以及空后句中“Another found that exposure to nature helped people score better on tests.(另一项研究发现，接触大自然有助于人们在考试中取得更好的成绩)”中的Another可知，该空格处应该是关于在户外好的相关研究。结合选项D项One study revealed that people were better at figuring out puzzles after a four-day camping trip.(一项研究显示，人们在为期四天的露营旅行后更擅长解谜)符合此推断，讲述
88、的为一项关于户外好处的研究，符合语境。故选D项。【19题详解】根据空格处位于句尾句可知，该空应为本段的总结，根据空前“Some scientists theorize that spending time in nature enables our brains to rest and recover from mental tiredness.(一些科学家认为，花时间在大自然中可以让我们的大脑得到休息，从精神疲劳中恢复过来)”可知，户外会让大脑得到休息，从精神疲劳中恢复过来。结合选项G项This means that whether youre studying or playing vid
89、eo games, heading outside to give your brain a break might help you get to the next level.(这意味着无论你是在学习还是玩电子游戏，出去让你的大脑休息一下可能会帮助你进入下一个阶段)中的This means是对空前内容的解释，结合句意可知，G项内容与空前内容吻合。故选G项。【20题详解】根据下文“From recreation and exercise to happiness and creativity, there are lots of upsides to getting outside.(从娱乐
90、和锻炼到快乐和创造力，外出有很多好处)”的recreation相关的户外活动为全文首次出现可以推断，此空格处应提到相关内容。结合选项C项Lots of people enjoy fun activities outside, like swimming, riding bikes, or climbing trees.(很多人喜欢户外活动，比如游泳、骑自行车或爬树)中的fun activities以及其后的举例内容与空后内容一致。故选C项。第三部分语言应用(共三节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分)Have you ever had a song stuck in your head
91、 and, no matter how hard you tried, you could not get rid of it? The song played on and on, whether you were loading the dishwasher, weaving in and out of traffic, or attempting to _21_ your mind at the start of yoga class.Having a song stuck in ones head, known as an earworm, is an experience that
92、over 90% of us have on a _22_ basis. Were more likely to catch an earworm after we stop focusing, in moments when the working memory is _23_, when were relaxed, when work is finished or when were a bit sleepy.Certain songs are _24_ than others, and so more likely to “auto repeat” in your head. There
93、 are certain musical characteristics that make songs more likely to become earworms, such as if the piece is repetitive, if there is a longer duration of certain notes, if _25_ between the notes are smaller. _26_, we know that mood can have an impact, with some people reporting that they always get
94、the same earworm when they feel good, or people experiencing a fast-tempo earworm when they are _27_. And of course familiarity with a song is a key _28_. Songs that you dont know very well are less likely to pop up as earworms.If youve had enough of your earworm and need to stop it in its tracks, y
95、ou would be well warned not to try to block the song out, but rather to _29_ accept it. A determined effort to block the song out may result in the very _30_ of what you want. According to psychologist Daniel Wegner, _31_ the song may make your brain keep playing it over and over again. To get rid o
96、f an earworm, you may be best served by simply _32_ it, accepting it, and leaving it alone to let this phenomenon ends up weakening itself little by little.Some people try to _33_ themselves from the song, and it works. You can try reading a book, listening to a different song or even playing an ins
97、trument. Others _34_ the tune in question, because it is commonly believed that earworms occur when you remember only part of a song; hearing the entire song may stop it. Neurologists (神经学家) point out that its recommendable to chew gum to reduce the _35_ of an earworm because jaw movement interferes
98、 with musical memory. However, its important to note that this phenomenon usually lasts less than 24 hours.21. A. burdenB. clearC. alterD. exploit22. A. trialB. solidC. voluntaryD. regular23. A. inactiveB. complicatedC. dynamicD. uncertain24. A. catchierB. slowerC. harsherD. louder25. A. phasesB. in
99、tervalsC. rhythmsD. sessions26. A. InsteadB. ThereforeC. OtherwiseD. Additionally27. A. alertB. pleasedC. remoteD. rigid28. A. criterionB. consequenceC. conceptD. contributor29. A. readilyB. constantlyC. passivelyD. critically30. A. oppositeB. fantasyC. emphasisedD. equivalent31. A. integratingB. co
100、nvertingC. resistingD. tolerating32. A. interruptingB. acknowledgingC. stimulatingD. facilitating33. A. perceiveB. isolateC. distractD. identify34. A. seek outB. act outC. cast outD. knock out35. A. proportionB. intensityC. integrityD. preference【答案】21. B22. D23. A24. A25. B26. D27. A28. D29. C30. A
101、31. C32. B33. C34. A35. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了一直萦绕在人们脑海里的洗脑音乐的特点及摆脱它的一些方法。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论你是在往洗碗机里装东西，在车流中穿梭，还是在瑜伽课开始时试图理清思绪，这首歌都在不停地播放。A. burden烦扰；B. clear清除；C. alter改变；D. exploit开采。根据后文“your mind at the start of yoga class”可知，当你清理思绪开始瑜伽课时，这首歌都一直在脑海里回响。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一首歌在脑海中萦绕，这被称为洗
102、脑音乐，是我们90%以上的人经常经历的事情。A. trial试验性的；B. solid坚固的；C. voluntary自愿的；D. regular经常的。根据前文“over 90% of us have”可知，我们大部分人经常会遇到这样的情形。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们注意力不集中的时候，在工作记忆不活跃的时候，在我们放松的时候，当工作结束的时候，或者当我们有点困的时候，我们更容易产生洗脑音乐。A. inactive不活跃的；B. complicated复杂的；C. dynamic动态的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据前文“ we stop focusin
103、g”及后文“when were relaxed, when work is finished or when were a bit sleepy”可知，当我们注意力不集中，工作记忆不活跃的时候，更容易遇到这样的情形。故选A项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：某些歌曲比其他歌曲更容易上口，因此更有可能在你的脑海中“自动重复”。A. catchier更容易记住的；B. slower更慢的；C. harsher更艰难的；D. louder更大声的。根据后文“so more likely to “auto repeat” in your head”可知，有些歌曲更容易记住，所以在脑海里会“自动
104、重复”。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：某些音乐特征使歌曲更有可能成为洗脑音乐，例如，如果这首歌是重复的，如果某些音符的持续时间较长，如果音符之间的间隔较小。A. phases阶段；B. intervals间隔；C. rhythms韵律；D. sessions会议，会期。根据后文“between the notes”可知，有些音乐音符之间间隔较小。故选B项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，我们知道情绪也会产生影响，有些人报告说，当他们感觉良好的时候，他们总是会有同样的洗脑音乐，或者当他们警觉的时候，他们会有快节奏的洗脑音乐。A. Instead相反；B. There
105、fore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. Additionally另外。根据前文“There are certain musical characteristics that make songs more likely to become earworms”及后文“we know that mood can have an impact”可知，前后两句是并列递进关系。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，我们知道情绪也会产生影响，有些人报告说，当他们感觉良好的时候，他们总是会有同样的洗脑音乐，或者当他们警觉的时候，他们会有快节奏的洗脑音乐。A. alert警觉的；B
106、. pleased满意的；C. remote遥远的；D. rigid刻板的。根据前文“people experiencing a fast-tempo earworm”可知，当人们警觉的时候，他们会有快节奏的洗脑音乐。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，熟悉一首歌是一个关键因素。A. criterion标准；B. consequence后果；C. concept观念；D. contributor促成因素。根据后文“Songs that you dont know very well are less likely to pop up as earworms”可知，你不太熟悉的
107、歌曲不太可能突然出现在耳朵里，故熟悉一首歌是产生洗脑音乐的关键因素。故选D项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你受够了洗脑音乐，需要让它停止，你最好不要试图阻止这首歌，而是被动地接受它。A. readily准备好地；B. constantly不断地；C. passively被动地；D. critically批评地。根据后文“A determined effort to block the song out may result in the very _10_ of what you want”可知，要想停止洗脑音乐，阻止它只会事与愿违，所以只能被动地接受它。故选C项。【30题详解】
108、考查形容词词义辨析。句意：坚决不听这首歌可能会导致与你想要的完全相反的结果。A. opposite相反的；B. fantasy幻想的；C. emphasised强调的；D. equivalent等同的。根据后文“_11_the song may make your brain keep playing it over and over again”可知，若是坚决不听这首歌，想着阻止这首歌出现在脑海里，只会事与愿违。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据心理学家丹尼尔韦格纳的说法，抵抗这首歌可能会让你的大脑一遍又一遍地播放这首歌。A. integrating整合；B. conver
109、ting转变；C. resisting抵抗；D. tolerating容忍。根据上文“A determined effort to block the song out”可知，抵抗这首歌只会让它在脑海里不断地回响。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：要想摆脱洗脑音乐，最好的办法就是承认它，接受它，让它自己慢慢消失。A. interrupting打断；B. acknowledging承认；C. stimulating刺激；D. facilitating促使。根据后文“accepting it, and leaving it alone”可知，想要摆脱洗脑音乐，最好是顺其自然，承认它，
110、接受它，让它自己慢慢消失。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人试图让自己从这首歌中分心，这很有效。A. perceive感知；B. isolate孤立；C. distract使分心；D. identify识别。根据下文“You can try reading a book, listening to a different song or even playing an instrument.”可知，分散自己的注意力是一种有效方法。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：另一些人则会找出有问题的曲调，因为人们普遍认为，当你只记住一首歌的一部分时，洗脑音乐就会出现；听完
111、整首歌可能会让它停下来。A. seek out找出；B. act out付诸行动；C. cast out驱逐；D. knock out击倒。根据后文“the tune in question”可知，有些人会找出成为洗脑音乐的音乐片段，然后将歌曲完整听完试图停止脑海中的洗脑音乐。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：神经学家指出，建议嚼口香糖来减轻洗脑音乐的强度，因为下巴的运动会干扰音乐记忆。A. proportion比例；B. intensity强度；C. integrity完整；D. preference偏好。根据后文“because jaw movement interferes
112、 with musical memory”可知，嚼口香糖可以减轻洗脑音乐的强度。故选B项。第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese（肥胖的）, according to research. A mother, _36_ has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesnt smoke and only
113、_37_(drink) wine in moderation, is significantly less likely _38_(have)a fat child, scientists say.And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture(养育)_39_ nature, as a mothers lifestyle appears _40_(direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy life
114、style, the risk of obesity _41_(reduce)even more, the study of more than 24,000 children found.The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine _42_ fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in the US. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother heal
115、th and likelihood of a child _43_(be) obese.The mothers health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio(比例), her diet, amount of physical _44_(active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance o
116、f a woman having _45_ obese child.【答案】36. who37. drinks38. to have39. than40. directly41. is reduced42. to43. being44. activity45. an【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现健康的体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生肥胖孩子的几率。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：专家称，一个体重正常、经常锻炼、饮食健康、不吸烟、适量饮酒的母亲生出肥胖孩子的可能性要小得多。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词为mother，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故填wh
117、o。【37题详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意参考上题解析。此处与has，exercises和eats等作并列谓语，时态为一般现在时，应该用第三人称单数形式，故填drinks。【38题详解】考查不定式。句意参考第1题解析。be likely to do表示“可能做某事”，故填to have。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：研究表明，这可能更多地与后天因素有关，而不是先天因素，因为母亲生活方式似乎与孩子的健康直接相关。根据前面的“more”判断此处用than表示比较，故填than。【40题详解】考查副词。句意参考上题解析。修饰linked用副词，故填directly。【41题详解】考查时态和语态。句意
118、：这项对24,000名儿童进行的研究发现，当母亲和孩子都遵循健康的生活方式时，肥胖的风险甚至会降低更多。描述的是客观事实，he risk of obesity与reduce之间是被动关系，应该用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is reduced。【42题详解】考查介词。这项研究调查了美国近17,000名妇女所生的24,000多名9到14岁的儿童的病史和生活方式。fromto表示“从到”，故填to。【43题详解】考查分词作定语。句意：研究人员研究了母亲的整体健康状况与孩子肥胖的可能性之间的关系。child是逻辑主语，空格处作介词of的宾语用动名词，故填being。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：母亲的
119、健康状况由身高体重比、饮食、运动量、吸烟情况和饮酒量等因素决定。此处的运动表示抽象意义，不可数，故填activity。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：健康的体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生一个肥胖孩子的几率。此处泛指一个肥胖的孩子，obese以元音音素开头，故填an。第三节(共10小题，每小题2分)在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。46. People fled into the neighboring country to escape the floods, only _ (trap) in a terrible war. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】to be t
120、rapped【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态。句意：人们逃到邻国躲避洪水，却被困在一场可怕的战争中。分析句子可知，此处为only后接动词不定式to do作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，结合trap和逻辑主语People为动宾关系，所以为不定式的被动语态结构。故填to be trapped。47. Located in the downtown area, the popular high school is reported _ (construction) in the late 19th century.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】to have been constructe
121、d【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这所受欢迎的高中位于市中心，据报道建于19世纪末。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定句式sb./sth. be reported to do sth.意为“据报道”，所以此处为动词不定式形式作主语补足语，construction的动词construct发生在report动作之前，所以使用不定式的完成式，且construct与逻辑主语the popular high school之间为被动关系，所以使用不定式的完成式的被动式。故填to have been constructed。48. It is not possible for everyone to put
122、 their own _ (interpret) on the law. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】interpretation【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：不可能让每个人自行阐释法律。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，interpret的名词为interpretation意为“解释”，结合句意，此处表示的是“每个人自己对法律的理解”应为单数形式。故填interpretation。49. When it comes to the selling of houses,businesses also use highly_(reward) tactics. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案
123、】rewarding【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：当涉及房子的销售时，企业也使用了高回报的策略。此处修饰后文名词tactics，应用形容词rewarding，作定语。故填rewarding。50. The new app has undergone _ (extend) tests by more than 75 users with overwhelmingly positive feedback. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】extensive【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：这款新应用程序经过了75多名用户的广泛测试，获得了压倒性的积极反馈。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修
124、饰后面名词tests ，extensive表“广泛的” ，为形容词，符合句意。故填extensive。51. According to the latest news, the world tournament has appealed to more than 1500 athletes _ (representative) 80 different countries and regions so far. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】representing【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据最新消息，到目前为止，世界锦标赛已经吸引了来自80个不同国家和地区的1500多名运动员
125、。分析句子，句中has appealed为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，representative为名词，其动词为represent，意为“代表”，more than 1500 athletes与represent之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作后置定语。故填representing。52. _ (commit) to helping the people in need made him realize the value of life. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Being committed【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：致力于帮助有需要的人使他认识到生命的价值。分析句
126、子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作主语，结合句意，表示“致力于做某事”应为be committed to doing sth.，且此处描述的为经常性动作，所以使用动名词形式being committed，因位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Being committed。53. Originally, we _ (intend) to go to Italy, but then we won the trip to Greece. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】had intended【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：起初，我们打算去意大利，但后来我们赢得了去希腊的旅行。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词
127、，根据originally意为“起初”以及并列句的谓语动词won可知，intend发生在won之前，为“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，且根据句意，表示“本打算做而未做”时，应使用过去完成时，且主语we与intend之间为主动关系。故填had intended。54. Furthermore, fewer bakeries are making sandwiches in the traditional way, relying on _ (freeze) bread to save costs. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】frozen【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：此外，越来越少的面包
128、店以传统的方式制作三明治，他们依靠冷冻面包来节省成本。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语，freeze的形容词为处使用过frozen意为“冷藏的，冷冻的”符合句意。故填frozen。55. _ (claim) so many precious lives, COVID-19 serves as a constant reminder that countries must rise above differences in geography, race, history, culture and social system. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Having claimed【解
129、析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这场夺去无数宝贵生命的疫情不断提醒我们，各国必须超越地理、种族、历史、文化和社会制度的差异。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处应该用claim的非谓语形式作状语，动词claim和句子的主语COVID-19之间是主动关系且claim的动作应该发生在谓语动词serve as之前，所以应该用现在分词的完成时having claimed作状语。故填Having claimed。第四部分写作(满分20分)56. 假定你是李华，你校打算邀请外教Ryan在下周五举办的中外诗歌文化节上当评委。请你代表学生会给Ryan写一封邮件。内容如下：1. 介绍中外诗歌文化节;2. 表明邀请原因
130、;3. 征求意见并发出邀请。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Ryan,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Ryan.On behalf of the Student Union, I am writing to invite you to serve as a judge at our schools Chinese and Foreign Poetry Culture Festival.Focusing on raising students awareness of Chinese and western poetry, the
131、 contest is scheduled to be held between 2:30 p.m. and 5:30 p.m. at the school lecture center on 20th, October. I am wondering whether it is convenient for you to be our judge, who is expected to give a speech at the opening ceremony and need to make some brief comments on the performance of every p
132、articipant.Id appreciate it if you could accept my invitation. Eagerly looking forward to your answer.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表学生会给外教Ryan写一封邮件，邀请Ryan在下周五举办的中外诗歌文化节上当评委。其内容包括：介绍中外诗歌文化节、表明邀请原因以及征求意见并发出邀请。【详解】1.词汇积累专注于：focus onconcentrate on 计划于：be scheduled to be planned to 期望：expect anti
133、cipate 能够：canbe able to 2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：On behalf of the Student Union, I am writing to invite you to serve as a judge at our schools Chinese and Foreign Poetry Culture Festival.拓展句：On behalf of the Student Union, I am writing to invite you to serve as a judge at the Chinese and Foreign Poetry Cultu
134、re Festival which is to be held in our school.【点睛】【高分句型1】Focusing on raising students awareness of Chinese and western poetry, the contest is scheduled to be held between 2:30 p.m. and 5:30 p.m. at the school lecture center on 20th, October. （运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】 I am wondering whether it is convenient for you to be our judge, who is expected to give a speech at the opening ceremony and need to make some brief comments on the performance of every participant.（运用了whether引导的宾语从句和who引导的非限制性定语从句）
