1、解题攻略词法错误类设错在短文改错题中占很大的比例，考生需要特别注意。对于这类题，考生要仔细分析句子成分，细心观察，并在平时学习过程中多积累语言短识。错误类型通常有以下几种：冠词使用不当，名词的单复数使用错误，形容词与副词的混用，代词的误用，介词的误用等。1冠词：主要考查冠词表示泛指、特指的用法及固定搭配中冠词的用法。错误类型涉及多词、缺词和错词三种。示例1(2015课标全国卷)Now I am living in a city,but I miss my home in countryside.解析：在countryside前加the。in the countryside“在农村”，应在cou
2、ntryside前加上冠词the。示例2(2015陕西卷)At a party,my coach,with a biscuit in his mouth,asked surprisingly who made them.解析：party前的athe。考查冠词。根据前面的“retirement party”可知，此处表示特指，要用the。2名词：主要考查可数名词和不可数名词的辨析以及可数名词单复数等。错误类型为错词型。示例1(2015课标全国卷)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.解析：airsair。air为不可数名词，因
3、此把airs改为air。示例2(2015陕西卷)Mum taught me some basic step of baking.解析：stepsteps。考查名词复数。表示“烘饼干的一些基本步骤”，要用名词的复数形式。3形容词、副词：主要考查形容词和副词的误用以及其比较级和最高级等。错误类型为错词型。示例1(2015陕西卷)My mum makes the better biscuits in the world,so I decided to ask her for help.解析：betterbest。考查形容词最高级。我的母亲能做出世界上最好的饼干。由 makes 后的 the 可知，此
4、处要用形容词最高级。示例2(2015浙江卷)On the left-hand side of the class,I could easy see the football field.解析：easyeasily。考查副词。此处修饰动词see，需要用副词。4代词：主要考查各类代词的用法。错误类型涉及多词、缺词和错词三种。示例1(2015课标全国卷)Five minutes later,Tony saw parents.解析：parents前加his。结合语境可知，这里parents并不是表示泛指而是指Tony的爸爸妈妈，故应在parents前加his。示例2(2015浙江卷)Close to
5、the school there is a beautiful park with many trees around them.解析：themit。代词误用。这里代指前面的abeautiful park，故them改为it。5介词：主要考查介词的意义、用法及固定搭配。错误类型涉及多词、缺词和错词三种。示例1(2015陕西卷)My soccer coach retired in last week.解析：去掉in。考查介词。当用作时间状语的词前有next,last等词时，其前不用介词。示例 2(2015课标全国卷)Unfortunately,on the development of indu
6、strialization,the environment has been polluted.解析：onwith。with the development of.随着的发展。6固定搭配或习惯用法。错误类型涉及多词、缺词和错词三种。示例 1(2015四川卷).I really want share with you some of the problems.解析：want 后加上 to。want to do sth.是固定用法，表示“想要做某事”。示例 2(2015浙江卷)I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the mo
7、rning.解析：在 hurry 前加 a。in a hurry 是固定词组，意为“匆忙”。示例3(2016全国卷).becoming rich in the short period of time.Instead,he hopes that our business will grow steady.解析：文中thea。考查冠词。此处表泛指，故用不定冠词。in a short period of time意为短期内。文中ourhis。考查代词。由语境及主语he可知，此处指的是叔叔的生意。steadysteadily。考查副词。修饰动词grow该用副词，所以应用steady的副词形式stea
8、dily。随堂训练AAs we all know,everyone have a dream.I have dreamed of being a doctor since I entered into the primary school.Nowadays with modern life go rapidly,many people suffer from different kind of diseases,both mentally and physically.As a result,doctors are in great need at home and abroad.My dre
9、am is to become successful doctor,helping to save peoples lives.Although to be a good doctor was very difficult,I will do whatever I can to keep everyone health.To make my dream come true,I have told me over and over again that Ill concentrate more to studies.After all,only by working hardly can one
10、 succeed.答案：As we all know,everyone hav ehas a dream.I have dreamed of being a doctor since I entered into the primary school.Nowadays with modern life g ogoing rapidly,many people suffer from different kin dkinds of diseases,both mentally and physically.As a result,doctors are in great need at home
11、 and abroad.My dream is to become a successful doctor,helping to save peoples lives.Although to be a good doctor wasis very difficult,I will do whatever I can to keep everyone healt hhealthy.To make my dream come true,I have told m emyself over and over again that Ill concentrate more toon studies.A
12、fter all,only by working hardl yhard can one succeed.BDear Mum，This afternoon,our teacher asked us list what our parents had done for us.I write down a lot of good sides.Time passes quickly,isnt it?It is three years when I became a high school student.Looking back on the progresses that I have made
13、so far,I really appreciate for your support.I know that without your properly guidance,I would not have done so well.However,what still makes me puzzling is how to make my dream to go to the top university come true.Please continue to lend me a hand.We really need your help.Kate答案：Dear Mum，This afte
14、rnoon,our teacher asked us to list what our parents had done for us.I writ ewrote down a lot of good sides.Time passes quickly,isn tdoesnt it?It is three years whe nsince I became a high school student.Looking back on the progressesprogressthat I have made so far,I really appreciate for your support
15、.I know that without your properl yproper guidance,I would not have done so well.However,what still makes me puzzlin gpuzzled is how to make my dream to go to thea top university come true.Please continue to lend me a hand.WeI really need your help.KateCEvery boy and every girl are eager for success
16、.But what can we succeed in life?Here are my opinions：First,we must be friendly and kindly.It allows us to make friend and survive wherever we are.Second,we must set a goal,which motivates us to pursue our dreams.Third,its better to believe in us.Only with self-confidence we realize our goals.Fourth
17、,we should develop good characters,such as a strong will and diligence,because good qualities help us to hold on to our dreams since we get into the trouble.As far as Im concerning,success belongs for those who keep on trying.So lets take action now!答案：Every boy and every girl areis eager for succes
18、s.But wha thow can we succeed in life?Here are my opinions：First,we must be friendly and kindl ykind.It allows us to make frien dfriends and survive wherever we are.Second,we must set a goal,which motivates us to pursue our dreams.Third,its better to believe in usourselves.Only with self-confidence
19、can we realize our goals.Fourth,we should develop good characters,such as a strong will and diligence,because good qualities help us to hold on to our dreams sinc ewhen/if we get into the trouble.As far as Im concerningconcerned，success belongs forto those who keep on trying.So lets take action now!