1、北京市海淀区2021届高三英语上学期期中试题本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，25分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Lesson PlanIt was just an ordinary day. There was the usual _1_as the children greeted each other. I looked over my pla
2、n book and I never felt better. It would be a good day and we would _2_a lot. After we settled in for our reading class, I started to check their workbooks.When I came to Troy, he had his head down as he showed his unfinished _3_in front of me. He tried to pull himself back out of my sight as he sat
3、 on my right-hand side. _4_I looked at the incomplete work and said, “Troy, this is not finished.He looked up at me with the most pleading eyes I have seen in a child and said,“I couldnt do it last night because my mother is dying. The sobs that followed _5_the entire class.How_6_ I was that he was
4、sitting next to me. I took him in my arms and his head rested against my chest. His sobs echoed through the room and tears flowed. The children sat with tear-filled eyes in dead silence. Only Troys sobs broke the stillness of that morning class. One child _7_for the tissue box while I just pressed h
5、is little body closer to my heart.What do I do for a child who is losing his mother? Choking back my tears,I said to the group,Lets pray for the recovery of his mother. And everyone did so.After some time,Troy looked up at me and said,I think I will be okay now.He had exhausted his supply of tears;
6、he released the _8_in his heart. Later that afternoon, Troys mother died.When I went to the funeral(葬礼），Troy rushed to greet me. He fell into my arms and just rested there awhile. He seemed to gain strength and courage, and then he led me to the coffin.There he was able to look into the face of his
7、mother,to face _9_ even though he might never be able to understand the mystery of it.That night I went to bed feeling lucky for the good sense to _10_ my reading plan and to hold the broken heart of a child in my own heart.1. A. embarrassmentB. excitementC. astonishmentD. disappointment2. A. accomp
8、lishB. demandC. missD. recall3. A. experimentB. assignmentC. documentD. argument4. A. GraduallyB. HopefullyC. AccidentallyD. Naturally5. A. frightenedB. annoyedC. shockedD. impressed6. A. gladB. surprisedC. proudD. curious7. A. wishedB. racedC. preparedD. waited8. A. desireB. powerC. burdenD. guilt9
9、. A. difficultyB. failureC. deathD. sorrow10. A. carry outB. carry onC. set upD. set aside【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者虽然没有顺利完成自己的教学计划，但却抚慰了一个孩子破碎的心。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们互相问候时，像往常一样充满了兴奋。A. embarrassment尴尬；B. excitement激动；兴奋；C. astonishment惊讶；D. disappo
10、intment失望。根据“as the children greeted each other.”可知，孩子们像往常一样充满了兴奋，相互打招呼。故选B。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这将是美好的一天，我们会有很多收获。A. accomplish完成，成就；B. demand要求；C. miss想念；D. recall回忆。根据“ I looked over my plan book and I never felt better. ”可知，作者认为自己的计划很好，所以作者认为我们将会收获很多。故选A。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我来到Troy身旁时，他低着头在我面前展示他未完成
11、的作业。A. experiment实验；B. assignment任务，作业；C. document文件；D. argument争论。根据“I looked at the incomplete work and said, “Troy, this is not finished.”可知，Troy的作业未完成。故选B。【4题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：自然地，我看着未完成的作业说:“Troy，这还没有完成。”A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Hopefully怀着希望地；C. Accidentally意外地；D. Naturally自然地。老师看到学生作业没完成，自然会说：“Troy，这还
12、没有完成。”故选D。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随后的啜泣震惊了整个班级。A. frightened害怕；B. annoyed恼怒；C. shocked震惊；D. impressed影响。Troy的母亲快要死了，Troy伤心的啜泣，这个消息令整个班级的学生震惊。故选C。【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他坐在我旁边，我是多么高兴。A. glad高兴的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. proud自豪的；D. curious好奇的。根据I took him in my arms and his head rested against my chest. 可知因为Troy坐在作者旁
13、边，作者可以给他安慰，作者因此感到高兴。故选A。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个孩子跑向纸巾盒，而我只是把他小小身体紧贴在我的心口。A. wished希望；B. raced赛跑；C. prepared准备；D. waited等待。这里指一个小孩子迅速跑向纸巾盒拿纸巾。故选B。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他卸下了心中的重担。A. desire要求；B. power力量；C. burden负担；D. guilt愧疚。根据“After some time, Troy looked up at me and said, I think I will be okay now.”可知，Tr
14、oy认为自己会好起来，说明卸下了心中的重担。故选C。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他能看到母亲的脸，面对死亡，尽管他可能永远无法理解死亡的奥秘。A. difficulty困难；B. failure失败；C. death死亡；D. sorrow悲伤。根据“even though he might never be able to understand the mystery of it.”结合上文内容“Troy的母亲去世了”，可知，对于这么小的孩子来说，虽然面对死亡，但却无法理解死亡的奥秘。故选C。【10题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：那天晚上，我上床睡觉时感到很庆幸，因为我的理智
15、把我的阅读计划放在一边，把一个孩子绝望的心放在了心上。A. carry out实现；B. carry on从事；C. set up创立；D. set aside留出；把放一边。根据 and to hold the broken heart of a child in my own heart.以及结合上文内容，可知作者暂时把自己的教学计划搁置，去安抚一个心灵受伤的孩子。故选D。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Bulletproof coffee
16、_11_(invent) in 2011 by Dave Asprey, an American businessman.He came up with the idea after visiting Tibet in 2004. Asprey noticed that people there were drinking their teas with yak butter. _12_Asprey tried a cup, he felt really good. So when he got back home,Asprey tried making his own recipe by a
17、dding grass-fed butter and coconut oil to his coffee. He discovered that it gave him energy and even helped him lose weight. Plus, it tasted pretty good.So,he decided to share his recipe _13_ the world.【答案】11. was invented 12. When/As/After 13. with【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是一名美国商人Dave Asprey在西藏旅行时尝到了酥油茶感觉很棒
18、，回去之后他在咖啡中加入了食草动物黄油和椰子油，感觉很好，可以增加能量还能减肥，所以他决定跟全世界分享这样的咖啡，因此创造了“butterproof coffee”。【11题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：Bulletproof coffee是美国商人Dave Asprey在2011年创造的。分析句子可知空处是句子的谓语动词，主语Bulletproof coffee与动词“invent（发明，创造）”之间为被动关系，应使用be +done结构表示被动，根据时间状语“in 2011”可知时态为一般过去时，主语谓单数，故填was invented。【12题详解】考查状语从句。句意：当Asprey试着喝
19、一杯时，他感觉很好。分析句子可知这是一个时间状语从句，可以表示“当他试了一杯的时候”或“在他试了一杯之后”，所以可以用when/as(当时候）或after（在之后）引导时间状语从句，故填When/As/After。【13题详解】考查介词/固定搭配。句意：所以，他决定与全世界分享他的食谱。短语“share with”表示“与分享”符合句子结构和句意，故填with。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Douban is a Chinese social networking platform whose us
20、ers are mostly young people. Recently, a Douban discussion group_14_(name) “985 Loser Introduction Plan became popular, causing a heated discussion. Most of the group members are students or graduates from top universities in China, but they consider _15_(they) as losers for various reasons. By writ
21、ing down their own life stories, they share their_16_（suffer) and aim to improve their situations by learning from each other s experiences.【答案】14. named 15. themselves 16. suffering(s)【解析】本文为新闻报道。近日，豆瓣上一个名为“985废物引进计划”的讨论小组走红，他们分享失败故事，讨论如何脱困。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，豆瓣上一个名为“985失败者引进计划”的讨论小组走红，引发了激烈的讨论。分
22、析句子结构可知，_1_ (name) “985 Loser Introduction Plan作后置定语，修饰主语a Douban discussion group，所给词汇与主语之间为被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填named。【15题详解】考查反身代词。句意：这个团体的大多数成员都是中国顶尖大学的学生或毕业生，但由于各种原因，他们认为自己是失败者。分析句子结构可知，所给词汇在句中作宾语，主语和宾语指代同一事物，宾语用反身代词。故填themselves。【16题详解】考查名词。句意：通过写下他们自己的生活故事，他们分享自己的痛苦，并从彼此的经历中学习，来改善他们的处境。分析句子成分可知，所给
23、词汇在句中作宾语，故应用名词形式，根据句意，故填suffering(s)。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Keeping a travel journal is one of the best _17_(way) to keep the memory of a trip alive. Going back and reading your own words _18_(describe) a day in a foreign country makes you realize how easy it
24、is to forget little details. For people who are not used to writing on a daily basis, keeping a travel journal doesnt have to be hard. It _19_(require) only a small effort. I usually spare 15 to 20 minutes at night before going to sleep, _20_forces me to be concise(简洁的） and efficient.【答案】17. ways 18
25、. describing 19. requires 20. which【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了写旅行日记是保持旅行记忆最好的方法之一。【17题详解】考查名词复数。句意：写旅行日记是保持旅行记忆的最好方法之一。固定短语“one of +形容词最高级 +可数名词复数”表示“最.之一”，所以名词应使用复数形式，故填ways。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：回过头来阅读你自己描述在异国他乡一天的文字，你会意识到小细节是多么容易忘记。分析句子，可知谓语动词为makes，所以describe（描述）在句中用作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语words构成主动关系，使用现在分词作定语，修饰名词words
26、，故填describing。【19题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：这只需要一点小小的努力。主语it为单数，句子在描述客观事实，时态应为一般现在时，根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词用单数，故填requires。【20题详解】考查定语从句。句意：晚上睡觉前，我通常会抽出15到20分钟的时间，这迫使我做到简洁高效。分析句子，可知这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为前一句内容描述的这件事，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用which引导该从句，故填which。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项
27、涂黑。AAt age 12, Keegan Sobilo of New Baltimore carefully tucks his legs and arms into a fire suit, pulls on a helmet and climbs into a race car that exceeds 80 mph. He has been doing this since age 8.“ At first, I was scared to death. I was like, Lets do bowling or swimming. Its still very scary.But
28、he knows what hes doing. Your heart goes out on that track every time he goes out there, said his mother Hillary Sobilo.The sixth-grader always wears pajamas to the track every night and takes them off when he puts his race clothes on. Hes been doing that for the last four years. Thats his trademark
29、,” said Tim Phillips, his crew chief. The first time he wore his train pajamas to the track, Keegan went from last place to ninth place. He decided they brought luck. Since then, he has won a series of championships.Passion for cars runs in the family. Keegans father is a design mechanic at Fiat Chr
30、ysler Automobiles. He knows what it means to have seats and roll cages built to fit his sons body.What I see in Keegan is passion, like how I feel about car restoration. But for him, everything has to align itself. I tell my son you have to be the perfect package. Winning races every weekend is not
31、the only key. More importantly, you have to have the right name, you have to look the correct way, speak the correct way, and act the correct way. Then the rest of it is really luck, like the stock market. If you dont put yourself out there,youll never hit it big.While Keegans classmates play basket
32、ball and volleyball,Keegan is at the Birch Run track-practicing, qualifying and racing until 10 p.m. or 2 a.m. While many children spend time playing video games, Keegan runs race simulation training with his joystick after school.The kid is cool.It was like having a grandson. We showed respect to e
33、ach other. And he takes it very seriously, said competitor Mike Todd, 69 , of Galesburg, Michigan. Hes an older soul in a young mans body. Id like to see him make it big. Hes got the willpower.21. Keegan enjoys _A. swimmingB. racing carsC. bowlingD. playing games22. According to the passage., what d
34、oes Keegans father value most?A. Victory.B. SafetyC. Good qualities.D. Real luck.23. It can be learned from the passage thatA. Keegan spends a lot of time practicingB. the train pajamas bring Keegan successC. Keegans mother worries about his studiesD. Keegan picked up the hobby at the age of 4【答案】21
35、. B 22. C 23. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了12岁男孩对赛车的热爱和追求并为之努力训练的故事。【21题详解】细节理解题。结合全文内容，如第一段末尾“.climbs into a race car that exceeds 80 mph. He has been doing this since age 8.”（爬进了一辆速度超80英里每小时的赛车，他从八岁起就一直做这个）可知，他喜欢的是赛车，故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段Keegan父亲的话“Winning races every weekend is not the only key. More imp
36、ortantly, you have to have the right name, you have to look the correct way, speak the correct way, and act the correct way.”可知，每个周末赢得比赛并不是唯一的追求。更重要的是，你要有正确的言行举止，为人处世要得当，C项“美好品质”是对这的准确概括，他父亲看重的是这个，故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据原文第五段结尾处“Keegan is at the Birch Run track-practicing, qualifying and racing until 10
37、 p.m. or 2 a.m. While many children spend time playing video games, Keegan runs race simulation training with his joystick after school.”可知Keegan可能会练习赛车直到晚上十点甚至是凌晨两点，当其他孩子都在玩游戏时，他在放学后把时间都花在赛车模拟训练上了。从原文这一内容可知Keegan花了很多的时间练习（赛车），故选A。BYoure never too young to make an impact on your community.Members of
38、 Gen Z are exceptionally creative,cause-oriented,and hyper-aware of the world around them,making them perfectly ready to help handle the worlds problems through volunteering.If you want to make a difference in your community, be a part of something bigger than yourself, or just need to earn some req
39、uired volunteer hours, then this is the place to start. Here are a few organizations of Gen Z with volunteer opportunities for teens!Habitat for HumanityEveryone deserves to have a place they call home. By volunteering with Habitat for Humanity you can play a role in building up your community. Thei
40、r Habitat Youth Programs accept volunteers between the ages of 5 and 40 for everything from home construction to affordable housing advocacy.Meals on WheelsFor those teens who just got their licenses and love any reason to get behind the wheel, heres a volunteer opportunity that ll make driving wort
41、hwhile. Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of seniors. 225 million meals have been delivered so far-connect with your local provider to find out how you can get involved.Key ClubAs the oldest service program for high schoolers, the Key Club has quite a history o
42、f helping teens get involved in volunteering. Because clubs are student-led, you get a direct say in the kinds of service projects you want to do.Chances are, theres already a chapter in your school, but if not, you can try taking the lead in one.Best BuddiesVolunteer with Best Buddies to help end t
43、he social,physical,and economic isolation of 200 million people with intellectual and developmental disabilities-and youll make some new pals in the process! Join a school chapter (or start your own) to use friendship as a tool for inclusivity in your community.And dont worry. Even if you cant volun
44、teer physically, there are also tons of online volunteer Opportunities available! Find out more about joining a worthwhile volunteer organizations at www.Gen Z.org.24. If you want to help people with disabilities, yon can joinA. Habitat for HumanityB. Meals on WheelsC. Key ClubD. Best Buddies25. Tee
45、ns with a driving license can volunteer toA. send meals to the elderlyB. make nutritional mealsC. drive the seniors aroundD. teach the seniors to drive26. What does the underlined word “chapter mean in the passage?A. A part of a book.B. A branch of a club.C. A period of life.D. An office on campus.2
46、7. The author writes this passage to_.A. get more people to volunteerB. teach teens to he more creativeC. promote awareness of world affairsD. instruct teens to earn volunteer hours【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A【解析】本文为说明文。作者通过介绍Gen Z组织和它提供的几个志愿者活动项目，号召更多的年轻人去做志愿者。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据Best Buddies部分“Volunteer
47、 with Best Buddies to help end the social,physical,and economic isolation of 200 million people with intellectual and developmental disabilities-and youll make some new pals in the process!( 和“Best Buddies”一起做志愿者，帮助2亿有智力和发育障碍的人结束社会、身体和经济上的孤立在这个过程中你会结交一些新朋友)”可知，Best Buddies作为志愿者组织，他们帮助残疾人，所以如果你想帮助残疾人
48、，你可以加入Best Buddies，故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据Meals on Wheels部分“For those teens who just got their licenses and love any reason to get behind the wheel, heres a volunteer opportunity that ll make driving worthwhile. Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of seniors. 225 mil
49、lion meals have been delivered so far-connect with your local provider to find out how you can get involved.(对于那些刚刚拿到驾照，喜欢任何理由开车的青少年来说，这里有一个志愿者的机会，让开车变得值得。“Meals on Wheels”的使命是满足老年人的营养和社会需求。到目前为止，已经运送了2.25亿餐联系你当地的供应商，看看你能如何参与进来。)”可知，有驾照的青少年可以加入志愿者Meals on Wheels给老人送饭，故选A。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据前文“the Key Cl
50、ub has quite a history of helping teens get involved in volunteering. Because clubs are student-led, you get a direct say in the kinds of service projects you want to do. (Key Club在帮助青少年参与志愿活动方面有相当长的历史。因为它们是学生领导的，你对你想要做的服务计划有直接的发言权。)”可知，Key Club是由学生创立，并且有直接的发言权，划线词之后的句子“but if not, you can try takin
51、g the lead in one(但如果没有，你可以试着带头成立一个)”可知，如果学校没有Key Club，那你可以创立一个，所以“chapter 在句中意为“Key Club的分支”，选项B符合题意，故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，作者介绍了Gen Z组织和它的志愿者活动，根据最后一句“Even if you cant volunteer physically, there are also tons of online volunteer Opportunities available! Find out more about joining a worthwhile vol
52、unteer organizations at www.Gen Z.org(即使你不能亲自做志愿者，网上也有大量的志愿者机会。想了解更多关于加入一个有价值的志愿者组织的信息，请访问www.Gen Z.org)”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了号召更多的人去做志愿者，故选A。CWe are fortunate to live in a city that encourages bicycling as a means of transportation.Our local government has promoted bicycling by improving bike lanes and inc
53、reasing the number of them. The growing number of cyclists, however, brings this question to mind: should bicyclists be required to share the responsibilities of the road? Automobile drivers have to take competency tests, follow established regulations, and accept punishment for breaking rules. The
54、city requests drivers to register and license their vehicles to ensure accountability (责任）. Bicyclists who use public roadways should be held accountable, too.Lets look at what sharing the road means. For one thing, it should involve cost sharing.Auto registration and license fees are used, in part,
55、 for building and maintaining roadways. It seems only reasonable to ask bicyclists to contribute to transportation funding as well.More importantly,sharing the road includes accountability. When drivers ignore the rules of the road, the police and other motorists have the opportunity to identify the
56、m by their license plate number and report their offenses (违法行为）。 This isnt true for bicyclists. Ive seen bicyclists moving quickly between lanes.Because they show no identification, they feel protected by anonymity(匿名）。What good would it do to report to the police “I saw a guy on a red bike blow th
57、rough the stoplight? The simple act of making bicyclists identifiable would encourage safer, more responsible riding.Of course,Ive heard arguments against asking cyclists to register and license their bikes. Some people might say, “Little kids ride bikes. Would you require a six-year-old rider to ta
58、ke a test and pay a fee? Obviously, the city could determine an age when cycling would be considered a means of transportation on public roads. Other people argue that bicycle fees are unfair because bikes dont damage the roadways as cars do. Bicycle registration fees could be comparatively modest,
59、and the method for displaying a license number could be simple.Many U.S. cities and towns now implement bike registration and licensing. A statute(法规）from one. California town states that the laws regulating bicycles have a dual purpose, antitheft and safety. Im eager to see more bicyclists on the r
60、oad, and Im hoping for riders who take their responsibilities seriously.28. To advocate responsible cycling, the author suggestsA. increasing the number of bike lanesB. giving competency tests to all cyclistsC. identifying cyclists through registrationD. reporting cycling offenses more frequently29.
61、 What is the authors purpose in writing Paragraph 4?A. To explain how bicycle registration and licensing work.B. To provide solutions to reduce irresponsible cycling of kids.C. To respond to peoples doubts about holding cyclists accountable.D. To argue against requiring cyclists to register and lice
62、nse their bicycles.30. What argumentative methods are used in this article? Using examples Quoting professionals Comparing and contrasting Appealing to readers emotionsA. B. C. D. 31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Should we encourage more cycling in the city?B. Sh
63、ould cyclists register and license their bikes?C. What does sharing the road mean to cyclists?D. How can road safety be guaranteed for cyclists?【答案】28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述骑自行车的人是否应该注册并给他们的自行车颁发牌照。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句话“The city requests drivers to register and license their vehicl
64、es to ensure accountability (责任）. Bicyclists who use public roadways should be held accountable, too.”可知，市政府要求司机登记并给他们的车辆上牌，以确保责任追究。骑自行车的人使用公共道路也应承担责任。由此可知，作者建议通过登记识别骑车人。故选C。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“ Some people might say, “Little kids ride bikes. Would you require a six-year-old rider to take a test and
65、pay a fee? Obviously, the city could determine an age when cycling would be considered a means of transportation on public roads. Other people argue that bicycle fees are unfair because bikes dont damage the roadways as cars do. Bicycle registration fees could be comparatively modest, and the method
66、 for displaying a license number could be simple.”（。有些人可能会说，“小孩子骑自行车。你会要求一个6岁的骑手参加考试并支付费用吗？”很明显，这个城市可以确定一个年龄，自行车将被视为“公共道路上的交通工具”。其他人认为自行车收费不公平，因为自行车不会像汽车那样损坏道路。自行车登记费可以相对较低，显示牌照号码的方法也可以很简单。）可知，作者描述第四段的目的是回应人们对骑自行车者问责的质疑。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。阅读第一段“The city requests drivers to register and license their v
67、ehicles to ensure accountability (责任）. Bicyclists who use public roadways should be held accountable, too.（市政府要求司机登记并给他们的车辆上牌，以确保责任追究。骑自行车的人使用公共道路也应承担责任。）”可知， 此处作者通过将汽车和自行车进行对比来支持自己的观点；根据最后一段“Many U.S. cities and towns now implement bike registration and licensing.（许多美国城市和乡镇现在实施自行车登记和发放牌照。）可知，作者也通过具
68、体的例子来支持自己的观点。由此可知，作者在本文通过举例子和作比较的方式来支持自己的论点。故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。阅读文章内容，并根据第一段“The growing number of cyclists, however, brings this question to mind: should bicyclists be required to share the responsibilities of the road? ”可知，越来越多的骑自行车的人提出了这样一个问题:骑自行车的人应该分担道路责任吗?由此可知，本文主要讲述骑自行车的人是否应该注册并给他们的自行车颁发牌照。所以短文
69、的最佳标题为“骑自行车的人应该注册并给他们的自行车颁发牌照吗”。故选B。DAlzheimers AIAn estimated 5.7 million people in the U.S. have Alzheimers disease-the most common type of dementia(痴呆）and that number is expected to more than double by 2050. Early diagnosis is crucial for patients to benefit from the few therapies available. But
70、no scans can deliver a conclusive diagnosis while a person is alive; instead doctors have to conduct numerous and complicated clinical and neuropsychological tests.So there is growing interest in developing artificial intelligence to identify Alzheimers based on brain imaging.Researchers at the Univ
71、ersity of California,San Francisco, have now successfully trained an AI algorithm(算法）to recognize one of the early signs of Alzheimers-a reduction in the brains glucose（葡萄糖）consumption-in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.The algorithm accurately predicted an eventual Alzheimers diagnosis i
72、n nearly all the test cases, according to the study. In PET imaging, a very small amount of a radioactive compound are injected into the body, producing three-dimensional images of metabolism(新陈代谢）,circulation and other cellular activities. PET is well suited for an AI diagnostic tool because Alzhei
73、mers leads to subtle changes in the brains metabolism that begin years before neural(神经的） tissue starts to go downhill, says study co-author Jae Ho Sohn,a radiologist at UCSF. These changes are very hard for radiologists to pick up,he notes.The algorithm was trained and tested on 2,100 PET brain ima
74、ges from about 1,000 people 55 years and older. The images came from a 12-year study that tracked people who would ultimately be diagnosed with Alzheimers, as well as those with mild memory declines and healthy control participants. The algorithm was trained on 90 percent of the data and tested on t
75、he remaining 10 percent. It was then retested on a second, independent data set from 40 patients monitored for 10 years. The algorithm was highly sensitive and was able to recognize 81 percent of the patients in the first test group and 100 percent in the second who would be diagnosed with Alzheimer
76、s six years later, on average. The findings were published in February in Radiology.The algorithm is based on deep learning ,a machine-learning technique that uses artificial neural networks programmed to learn from examples. This is one of the first promising,preliminary(初步的） applications of deep l
77、earning to the diagnosis of Alzheimers, says Christian Salvatore, a physicist at Italys National Research Council, who was not involved in the study. “The model performs very well when identifying patients with mild or late diagnoses, he says, “but catching it in the earliest stages remains one of t
78、he most critical open issues in this field.32. People are increasingly interested in using AI to identify Alzheimers because_A. the number of people suffering from dementia is more than doublingB. diagnostic methods that are both reliable and convenient are in needC. there are only a limited number
79、of effective therapies for the patientsD. diagnosing Alzheimers disease through AI is still an unexplored area33. What can we learn about PET imaging?A. It recognizes the worsening of the neural tissue.B. It reduces the glucose consumption in the brain.C. It changes the pattern of the brains metabol
80、ism.D. It photographs various kinds of cellular activities.34. According to Paragraph 4,_.A. 90% of the people in the study were trained on the algorithmB. the participants in the study consist of people both young and oldC. 81% of the people in the first test group were diagnosed with AlzheimersD.
81、the algorithm managed to recognize all the patients in the second test group35. What can be inferred from Paragraph 5?A. The algorithm serves as a promising treatment of Alzheimers.B. Deep learning has been widely applied in diagnosing Alzheimers.C. To detect Alzheimers in its earliest stages calls
82、for more exploration.D. Whether to use the model to detect Alzheimers remains a critical issue.【答案】32. B 33. D 34. D 35. C【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了利用人工智能诊断老年痴呆症，能够较早确诊。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Early diagnosis is crucial for patients to benefit from the few therapies available. But no scans can deliver a conclus
83、ive diagnosis while a person is alive; instead doctors have to conduct numerous and complicated clinical and neuropsychological tests.So there is growing interest in developing artificial intelligence to identify Alzheimers based on brain imaging.( 早期诊断对于患者是至关重要的，为了从可用的少数疗法中受益。但是，在一个人还活着的时候，没有任何扫描可以
84、提供决定性的诊断；相反，医生必须进行大量复杂的临床和神经心理学测试。因此，人们越来越有兴趣开发人工智能来识别基于大脑成像的阿尔茨海默病。)”可推断，人们越来越有兴趣使用人工智能来识别阿尔茨海默病是因为需要即可靠又方便的诊断方法，故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“In PET imaging, a very small amount of a radioactive compound are injected into the body, producing three-dimensional images of metabolism(新陈代谢）,circulation and o
85、ther cellular activities.( 在PET成像中，很少的放射性化合物被注入体内, 产生新陈代谢的、循环的和其他细胞活动的三维图像)”可知，PET影像拍摄各种细胞活动。故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“The algorithm was highly sensitive and was able to recognize 81 percent of the patients in the first test group and 100 percent in the second who would be diagnosed with Alzheimers si
86、x years later, on average.( 该算法高度敏感，平均来说，成功识别了第一试验组81%的患者,六年后，识别了第二实验组100%的患者)”可知，该算法成功地识别了第二试验组的所有患者。故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的“but catching it in the earliest stages remains one of the most critical open issues in this field.( 在早期阶段识别它仍然是这一领域最关键的未决定的问题之一。)”可知，要在最早的阶段发现阿尔茨海默病，需要更多的探索。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2
87、分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Is Managing Kids Screen Time a Good Idea?Screen time is a big topic of conversation in todays households, particularly during the pandemic when online education hours have multiplied for many students._36_They hope to spare their kids from the countl
88、ess challenges that technology can bring. Yet the challenges of screen time overuse seldom come from kids devices themselves, but rather from the tense relationships that technology can bring to families._37_But technology has positive benefits too. Since every child and family is different, managin
89、g screen time calls for joint family decision-making.If parents believe they can manage a childs screen time through adolescence, they are not only fooling themselves but also inviting relationship trouble with their teens. It is a myth to think that parents can or should manage their kids screen ti
90、me through authoritarian restrictions, even during elementary school. _38_ When children are left out of those decisions, they often become less communicative with parents and siblings. This is the opposite of what parents want to achieve._39_ From early ages, children are quite capable of understan
91、ding that a good life involves awareness and balance. Just as they learn right from wrong, and good from bad, they can also learn to use technology in healthy ways. Learning how to regulate oneself and develop healthy behaviors is one of the primary tasks of childhood and adolescence. What happens w
92、hen an adult tries to regulate a child is that the child misses out on the opportunity to learn for themselves. Enforced restrictions can also make children feel helpless and less confident.To be clear, this article is not suggesting that families never use apps or trackers, or that there should be
93、no restrictions on screen time._40_Parents should give voice to children and involve them in the planning and decision-making process.A. Of course, there are websites that are unhealthy for kids to access.B. The alternative is to involve children in decisions that govern screen time.C. However, ever
94、y family needs a family media plan between family members.D. The goal is to see, hear, feel, and understand how children view screen time.E. To manage childrens screen time, parents have invested in apps and trackers.F. To get children involved, parents should trust and develop kids self-awareness.G
95、. What it is suggesting is that parents look at managing screen time in a different way.【答案】36. E 37. A 38. B 39. F 40. G【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了“管理孩子们的屏幕时间是个好主意吗”这一问题，最后得出结论：父母应该让孩子们有发言权，让他们参与问题的计划和决策过程。【36题详解】由上一句“在今天家庭中，屏幕时间是一个重要的话题，特别是在疫情流行期间，许多学生的在线教育时间成倍增加。”和下一句“他们希望让孩子们免受科技带来的无数挑战。”可知，疫情流行期间，学生上网面对屏
96、幕的时间增加，家长害怕这样对孩子造成不好的影响，所以会去购买相关的程序工具来监控孩子的上网时间，控制孩子们的屏幕时间，该选项中的“manage childrens screen time”对应本段尾句中的“managing screen time”，承接上下文，E选项“为了管理孩子们的屏幕时间，家长们投资了应用程序和追踪器。”切题。故选E项。【37题详解】由下一句“但是科技也有积极的好处。”可知，But表转折，空后说科技的好处，此空应说科技不好的地方，比如不健康的网站对孩子不好，承接下文，A选项“当然，有些网站对孩子来说是不健康的。”切题。故选A项。【38题详解】由上一句“这是个神话，认为父母
97、可以或应该通过专制的限制来管理孩子的荧屏时间，甚至在小学阶段也是如此。”和下一句“当孩子们被排除在这些决定之外时，他们通常会减少与父母和兄弟姐妹的交流。”可知，对于管理孩子们的屏幕时间，父母专制型的监管很难实现，而且当孩子被排除在“屏幕时间管理”的决定外，又会带来消极影响，说明作者认为孩子应该参与到“屏幕时间管理”的决策中，该选项中的“decisions”对应下文中的“those decisions”，承接上下文，B选项“另一种选择是让孩子们参与决定屏幕时间。”切题。故选B项。【39题详解】由下两句“从很小的时候起，孩子们就很有能力理解良好的生活需要意识和平衡。正如他们从错误中学习正确，从错误
98、中学习好，他们也可以学习以健康的方式使用技术。”可知，孩子有能力理解一些事物，也能学习各种使用技术，说明孩子是有自主（学习）意识的，所以让孩子参与到“屏幕时间管理”的决策中时，父母要信任孩子有自我意识去学习、理解事物，承接下文，F选项“为了让孩子参与进来，父母应该信任并培养孩子的自我意识。”切题。故选F项。【40题详解】由上一句“明确地说，这篇文章并不是建议家庭永远不要使用应用程序或追踪器，或者不应该限制屏幕时间。”和下一句“父母应该让孩子们有发言权，让他们参与计划和决策过程。”可知，文章并非不建议父母不去管理孩子的屏幕时间，而是建议父母让孩子也参与到“屏幕时间管理”的决策中，相对于父母专制型
99、的完全监管，这是一种不一样的管理屏幕时间方式，承接上下文，G选项“它的建议是，家长们应该用不同的方式来管理屏幕时间。”切题。故选G项。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；共15分）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。I started drawing houses at six. Unlike most girls, my dream was to build a backyard clubhouse a dream that was unrealistic given that we lived in an apartment. By high school I
100、 continued drawing and my dreams broadenedto become an architect. My older brother told me that look a university education. But my family couldnt afford that kind of education. Still. I fanned the flame of hope.I got a part-time job at Bayside Bowl and started saving money. My bank account, however
101、, was growing quite slowly. When I looked at college catalogs, I couldnt imagine how I would ever get there. I decided Io shrink (缩小) my dreams lo a more realistic size.Soon after that, a newcomer started frequenting Bayside Bowl. She arrived alone, and always carried a pink bag with a ball inside.
102、Her dark, wrinkled skin and curly gray hair made her stand out among our younger customers. She talked to me whenever I cleaned near her lane. I learned her name was Bessie. She had been a singer for as long as she could remember. In her 20s she had tried to get a job as a restaurant singer. “I was
103、a young black woman, and in the early 1950s doors didnt exactly open wide for me. Zilch!” she said.I admired her ability to pick up a split, but I also appreciated her advice. Lifes like bowling. she would say. Set your eyes on your target and follow through. Indeed, Bessie hadnt let the zilches sto
104、p her. She had saved up and enrolled in the Brightwood Music Academy. It turned out this lady with the pink bowling bag was the Bessie Richards, a recording artist of the 1960s.Bessie moved on to live with her sister, but before leaving, she left me with a $50 tip for helping her at the lanes, a rem
105、inder to ignore the “zilches” in my life, and some lines of poetry she had copied from a book. Bessie said, Read this when the going seems tough. Itll help you follow through and reach for your goal. These are the lines:Hold fast to dreamsFor if dreams dieLife is a broken-winged birdThat cannot fly.
106、Hold fast lo dreamsFor when dreams goLife is a barren fieldFrozen with snow.A year has passed since I last bowled with Bessie, and Ive resumed my drawing. Im working and saving money, taking drafting classes, and applying for internships (实习)Whenever Im discouraged, I reread those lines of poetry.Th
107、erell be no barren field of frozen snow nor zilches for me. Inspired by Bessie and the poem, I plan to continue to dream.41. What was the authors dream when she was in high school?42. Why did the author shrink her dream to a realistic size?43. How do you understand the underlined sentence Life is li
108、ke bowling”？44. Describe one of Bessies characteristics and explain why.45. Who is the Bessie in your life? How does he or she help you to pursue your dream?【答案】41. To become an architect. / Becoming an architect. 42. Because her family/she couldnt afford a university education. 43. Just like playin
109、g bowling, we need to set our eyes on the target in life and follow through. 44. She is/was inspiring because she encouraged the author to pursue her dream.She is/was determined /brave /persistent because she strove for her goal.She is/was generous because she left the author a tip of $50 for helpin
110、g her at the lanes. 45. Possible version 1:My mom is the “Bessie” in my life. When I was 9, I started playing the piano, but as I didnt make much progress, I considered quitting. It was my mom who encouraged me to continue and thanks to her, now I can play very well and I enjoy playing it.Possible v
111、ersion 2:My mom is the “Bessie” in my life. Much like Bessie, she encourages me to face challenges even though my dream seems far out of reach, and she always supports me with her wisdom and love. Without her, I would never be the committed, resilient and confident person I am today.【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述
112、了，作者爱画画，梦想成为建筑师，虽然家庭经济不好，但作者不放弃，自己兼职去追梦，一位顾客追梦故事和鼓励话语让作者坚定了追梦的心。【41题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“By high school I continued drawing and my dreams broadenedto become an architect.”（到了高中，我继续画画，我的梦想扩大到成为一名建筑师。），可知作者在高中时的梦想是成为一名建筑师。故答案为：To become an architect. / Becoming an architect.【42题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“Unlike most
113、girls, my dream was to build a backyard clubhouse a dream that was unrealistic given that we lived in an apartment. By high school I continued drawing and my dreams broadenedto become an architect. My older brother told me that look a university education. But my family couldnt afford that kind of e
114、ducation.”（与大多数女孩不同的是，我的梦想是在后院建一个会所考虑到我们住在公寓里，这个梦想是不现实的。到了高中，我继续画画，我的梦想扩大到成为一名建筑师。我哥哥告诉我那看起来像大学教育。但我的家人负担不起这样的教育。）和第二段中的“I got a part-time job at Bayside Bowl and started saving money.My bank account, however, was growing quite slowly. When I looked at college catalogs, I couldnt imagine how I would
115、 ever get there.”（我在Bayside Bowl找到了一份兼职工作，开始存钱。然而，我的银行账户增长相当缓慢。当我看大学的目录时，我无法想象我将如何到达那里。），可知作者一开始想建一个会所，但由于自己的住宿条件，这不现实，之后想成为一名建筑师，哥哥说家人负担不起，作者虽兼职挣钱，但钱不多，说明是作者的家庭状况不好、自己付不起上大学的费用才把自己的梦想缩小到现实的大小。故答案为：Because her family/she couldnt afford a university education.【43题详解】推理判断题。由第四段中的“Lifes like bowling. s
116、he would say. Set your eyes on your target and follow through.”（“生活就像打保龄球，”她会说。“把你的眼睛盯着你的目标，然后坚持到底。”），可知那位女士对作者说“Life is like bowling”是为了告诉作者，生活就像打保龄球一样，像把目光放在保龄球上一样，我们需要把目光放在生活的目标上，并坚持到底。故答案为：Just like playing bowling, we need to set our eyes on the target in life and follow through.【44题详解】推理判断题。由最
117、后一段中的“Inspired by Bessie and the poem, I plan to continue to dream.”（受到贝西和这首诗的启发，我打算继续做梦。），可得出贝西很鼓舞人心，鼓励作者追梦，故答案为：She is/was inspiring because she encouraged the author to pursue her dream.；由第四段中的“Indeed, Bessie hadnt let the zilches stop her. She had saved up and enrolled in the Brightwood Music Ac
118、ademy.”（事实上，贝西并没有让那些“困难”阻止她。她攒钱进了布莱特伍德音乐学院。），可得出贝西为自己的目标而奋斗，很有决心、勇敢、坚持不懈，故答案为：She is/was determined /brave /persistent because she strove for her goal.；由第五段中的“Bessie moved on to live with her sister, but before leaving, she left me with a $50 tip for helping her at the lanes, a reminder to ignore th
119、e “zilches” in my life, and some lines of poetry she had copied from a book.”（贝西继续和她姐姐住在一起，但在离开之前，她给了我一个$50的小费，提醒我不要理会我生活中的“琐事”，还有她从书中抄来的几行诗。），可知贝西给作者留了50美元的小费，说明贝西很慷慨，故答案为：She is/was generous because she left the author a tip of $50 for helping her at the lanes.【45题详解】开放式题目。学生可根据本文大意结合生活经历，找到生活中的“B
120、essie（贝西）”并谈谈他或她如何帮助你实现你的梦想的。故答案为：Possible version 1:My mom is the “Bessie” in my life. When I was 9, I started playing the piano, but as I didnt make much progress, I considered quitting. It was my mom who encouraged me to continue and thanks to her, now I can play very well and I enjoy playing it.
121、Possible version 2:My mom is the “Bessie” in my life. Much like Bessie, she encourages me to face challenges even though my dream seems far out of reach, and she always supports me with her wisdom and love. Without her, I would never be the committed, resilient and confident person I am today.第二节（20
122、分）46. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。为了减少舌尖上的浪费，你校英语俱乐部拟举办有关“爱惜食物，从我做起”的英语演讲活动。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1. 食物浪费的现象及危害；2. 你爱惜食物的做法；3.你的倡议。注意：1.词数不少于80；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Good morning,everyone._Thats all. Thank you for listening.【答案】Good morning, everyone.Its my great honor to be here and give a speech on saving food.Speaking of
123、 food, there are two ugly truths. First, a huge amount of food is wasted every year. Millions of tons of cooked and served food ends up in trash cans. Second, primary and secondary school students are among the top three food wasters.At present, China is still heavily dependent on the import of cert
124、ain grains, and wasting food will make our efforts to be self-sufficient in vain. Moreover, wasting food also means wasting resources like water, land and energy. Therefore, it will damage the environment in the long run.Realizing the severe consequences of wasting food, Ive been doing my bit to sav
125、e food. At the school cafeteria, I ask for half-size servings when Im not hungry. When dining out in restaurants with family or friends, I propose ordering smaller portions and taking the leftovers home. At home, I check the fridge before making shopping plans to avoid buying more food than we actua
126、lly need.Saving food benefits every one of us. Lets clean our plates today so that we can have enough for tomorrow.Thats all. Thank you for listening.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是提纲类写作，要求写一篇演讲稿。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。为了减少舌尖上的浪费，你校英语俱乐部拟举办有关“爱惜食物，从我做起”的英语演讲活动。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1. 食物浪费的现象及危害；2. 你爱惜食物的做法；3.你的倡议。第
127、2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：give a speech on (发表演讲)；speak of(谈到)；truth(真相)；a huge amount of(大量的)；end up (结束)；be heavily dependent on(严重依赖于)；self-sufficient(自给自足的)；in vain(徒劳地)；in the long run(长远)；severe consequence(严重后果)；do ones bit(尽自己的一份力量)；propose (建议)； leftover(残羹剩菜)；avoid doing sth.(避免做某事)；benefit(有助于)等
128、。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Moreover, wasting food also means wasting resources like water, land and energy.是用来动名词作主语；At the school cafeteria, I ask for half-size servings when Im not hungry.运用了时间状语从句；Lets clean our plates today so that we can have enough for tomorrow.运用了目的状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。