1、2016届高考英语一轮复习精品资料(译林牛津版)模块五Unit 3 (自主篇)Unit 3 Science and nature一、重点词汇熟记下列单词clone vt. 克隆 n. 克隆出来的动物或植物profit n. 利润，收益 vt. & vi. 获益；对有用harvest vt. & vi. 收割（庄稼）n. 收获；收成transform vt. 使改观；使变形conduct vt. 实施；指挥乐队modify vt. 调整，修改；修饰insert vt. 插入，嵌入 confirm vt. & vi. 证实，证明；确认；使确信real-life adj. 真实的，现实生活中的cel
2、l n. 细胞；小隔间；电池saleswoman n. 女售货员，女推销员legal adj. 法律许可的，合法的physician n. 医师，内科医生goat n. 山羊pest n. 害虫concept n. 概念；观念crime n. 罪，罪行fellown. 家伙；同事，同伴；男子profession n. 职业，行业radiation n. 辐射，放射线breakthrough n. 突破public relation n. 公共关系majority n. 多数，大多数summary n. 总结；概括，概要nutrition n. 营养ordinary adj. 普通的，一般的ch
3、annel n. 频道；渠道；航道chainn. 一系列；一连串（人或事）catastrophe n. 灾难，灾祸acre n. 英亩rainforest n.雨林income n. 收入，收益genetically modified 转基因的词性(词形)变化anxiety n. 忧虑，焦虑，不安anxious adj. 焦虑的，渴望的anxiouslyadv. 焦虑地original adj. 原来的，起初的；首创的；非复制的origin n起源；出身，来历judgment n.判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决judgev判断consideration n.仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；体谅，顾
4、及considerv.考虑，认为considering prep.鉴于，考虑到tasty adj.美味的，可口的tastev. 品尝 短语英语汉语意义英语汉语意义on the way to doing sth.即将做某事be anxious to do sth.急于做某事push ahead with义无反顾地进行，努力推进with the intention of带着目的for sale供出售，待销售comment on对作出评论take . into consideration认真考虑on a personal note就我个人而言in favour of赞同，支持conduct a su
5、rvey进行一次调查point of view观点be limited to局限于toy with戏弄，摆弄；把当作儿戏be opened up to打开之门be/get burnt out耗尽体力，累垮as to至于，关于follow in ones footsteps效仿某人meet ones needs满足某人的需求show respect for对表示敬意be/get burnt out耗尽体力concentrate on 集中精力于；全神贯注于in agreement with同意；与一致be aware of 意识到；觉察到turn out结果/证明/原来是figure out计算
6、出；想出；理解，明白；解决in summary总之；总的来说含重点词汇的教材原句(划线部分)1.【教材原句】Although he researches cloning, his intention has never been to create copies of humans. (P42)尽管伊恩威尔莫特研究克隆，但他的目的根本不是要制造人类的复制品。However, some people believe that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human
7、 life.(P42)但是，有些人认为怀着摧毁人类胚胎的意图来克隆人类胚胎是对人类生命的不尊重。2.【教材原句】Even though human cloning is causing a lot of anxiety, it is good news for Faye Wilson.（P42）尽管人类的克隆正带来很多的忧虑，对Faye Wilson来说，这是个好消息。3.【教材原句】I am anxious to have a child of my own， she says. I dont want to adopt someone elses child if I had the ch
8、ance, I would have a cloned baby right now. (P42)“我现在渴望有个自己的孩子，”她说，“我不想领养别人的孩子如果我有这个机会，我会立即要一个克隆婴儿。”4.【教材原句】If we toy with nature, we will have to deal with the consequences. (P43)如果我们玩弄自然，我们将不得不应付各种后果。5.【教材原句】I think we should be cautious and use good judgment when making decisions about cloning.(P
9、49)我认为我们在对克隆作出决定时应该谨慎行事，作出好的判断。6.【教材原句】I am sure that if you conducted a survey among UK citizens, it would show that the majority of people would not support this type of scientific research. (P56) 我确信如果你在英国公民中进行一项调查，结果会表明大多数人不会支持这种科学研究。7.【教材原句】Therefore, we cannot confirm that food from cloned ani
10、mals is really safe for humans to eat. (P57)因此，我们不能证明人类食用来自克隆动物的食物是安全的。8.【教材原句】While many people are excited about these new technologies, these same technologies frighten others. (P59)尽管许多人对这些新技术感到兴奋，而其他人则对这些同样的技术感到害怕。9.【教材原句】Research has been limited to increasing production profits, rather than m
11、aking sure that GM foods are safe.(P59)目前的研究仅局限于增加生产利润，而不是确保转基因食品的安全。10.【教材原句】Since no one really knows whether GM food is safe, many countries have hesitated to give permission for the production of GM foods.(P59)因为无人真正知道转基因食品是否安全，许多国家迟迟不许生产转基因食物。11.【教材原句】Some scientists are alreadypushing ahead wi
12、th research in order to produce a cloned human baby.(P42)一些科学家正在加紧研究，以制造出克隆的人类婴儿。12.【教材原句】However, some people believe that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.(P42)但是，有些人认为怀着摧毁人类胚胎的意图来克隆人类胚胎是对人类生命的不尊重。13.【教材原句】Human life would just become a cr
13、op to be harvested or a product for sale. （P43）人类生命将只不过是待收割的庄稼或待售的产品而已。14.【教材原句】In summary, I insist that you take the opinions of the people of the UK into consideration, and end this practice immediately. (P56)总之，我坚持要求你把英国人民的意见考虑在内，立即终止这项实践。15.【教材原句】Would anyone say that development should be stop
14、ped in favour ofnature? (P58)有人说为了保护自然就应该停止经济发展吗？16.【教材原句】From the point of viewof some people, we are only doing what humans have always done, using nature to meet our own needs. (P58)根据有些人的观点，我们中是在做人类一直在做的事情利用自然满足我们自己的需求。二、经典句型考点-2. as well as【教材原句】In China, scientists have focused their efforts o
15、n cloning animals, as well as cloned tissues to be used in medical treatment. (P42)在中国，科学家们除了致力于用于医疗方面的器官的克隆还致力于动物的克隆。考点-4.否定词与形容词或副词比较级连用【教材原句】Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified food. (P59)转基因食品就是最好的例子。三、语法自主复习复习本单元的Grammar and usage：过去分词。一、概述过去分词是非谓语动词形式的一种，它既有动词的特征，又有形容词和副词的特征，其
16、基本形式是v.ed，可以有宾语和状语，即过去分词短语。及物动词的过去分词形式表示被动或既表被动又表完成，不及物动词的过去分词形式只表示完成。过去分词在句中可作定语、表语、补语和状语。二、过去分词的句法功能2.过去分词作表语过去分词在句中作表语多表示主语所处的状态或是主语的心理，这时过去分词有些已经转化成了形容词。The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。Everyone got excited at the news.听到这个消息每个人都感到兴奋。Dont touch the glass because it is broken.不要碰那个杯子因为它是破的。 4.过去分词作
17、状语过去分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。分词作状语时，它是逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。(1)表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。Seen from the moon, the earth looks green.从月亮上看时，地球是绿色。(2)表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。Satisfied with what he did，the teacher praised him in class.由于老师对他所做的事情很满意，于是在班上表扬了他。(3)表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句
18、。Compared with you, I still have a long way to go.跟你比较起来，我还差得很远呢。(4)表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。(5)表方式或伴随情况。The old man went into the room, supported by his wife.那个老人在他妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。(6)表结果The cup fell down to the ground, broken
19、.茶杯掉到了地上，破了。三、由分词转化而来的形容词分词转化而来的形容词包括现在分词转化而来的形容词和过去分词转化而来的形容词，即v.ing形容词和v.ed形容词。四、非谓语动词作各种成分的区别(一)非谓语作表语的区别 (二)非谓语动词作定语的区别理解下表中所列的关系分类形式与被修饰词的逻辑关系与谓语动作的时间关系不定式to do动宾关系在谓语动作后发生“the last/next/first.” 后常接不定式作定语，表示主谓关系在谓语动作前或者后发生to be done被动关系在谓语动作后发生现在分词doing主动关系与谓语动作同时进行being done被动关系与谓语动作同时进行过去分词do
20、ne被动关系在谓语动作之前发生存在的状态或情况 (三)非谓语作状语的区别理解下表中所列的关系非谓语与逻辑主语(即句子的主语)的关系与谓语动作的时间关系doing(一般式)作状语主动关系(几乎)与谓语动作同时进行having done(完成式)作状语主动关系先于谓语动作发生having been done(完成被动式)作状语被动关系先于谓语动作发生done(过去分词)作状语被动关系已经在过去发生或是不十分强调时间概念Waiting (=When I was waiting) to see the doctor, I met with a friend of mine.Having (=Becau
21、se we have) made full preparations, we are sure to be successful.Having been shown around(=After we had been shown) the library, we were then taken to see the laboratory.Seen (=When the town is seen) from the hill, the town looks more beautiful.Locked (=When he was locked) up in the room, he found himself isolated from the outer world.