1、2020年秋季绵阳南山中学高2021届二诊仿真考试英语试题第卷（选择题，共100分)第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AiPhone 12OutlookFeaturing the same 6.1-inch display size as the iPhone 11 and iPhone XR before it, iPhone 12 is making the transition from an LCD screen to OLED. With flat aluminum s
2、ides for an overall look, it more closely matches the iPad Pro and iPad Air. Aside from the flat sides, iPhone 12 still largely resembles the iPhone 11. Around back, it has two cameras housed in a glass circle, which makes for a nice contrast with the rest of the smooth back panel. To avoid being br
3、oken or cracked when dropped, iPhone 12 is covered with what Apple describes as a “ceramic shield”.CameraThe iPhone 12 has a 12-megapixel f/1.6 main camera-the fastest aperture(光圈) in any iPhone yet. The low-light performance has improved, and its advancements in computational photography to maximiz
4、e detail and dynamic range has also been achieved. The front camera on the iPhone 12 is gaining Night Mode, as well.ProcessoriPhone 12 is powered by the companys new A14 Bionic processor, which is the first smartphone chip built on a 5nm process, leading to improved performance and efficiency. Its c
5、laimed that the processor is up to 50 percent faster than the leading chips in Android smartphones.Wireless chargingTo improve wireless charging on the iPhone 12, it contains a “MagSafe” system with built-in magnets to guarantee that the iPhone 12 properly lines up with the MagSafe accessories.1. Wh
6、at is the size of iPhone 12?A. About 6.1-inch as that of iPhone Max.B. The same size as iPad Pro.C. Bigger than that of iPhone 11.D. As big as iPhone XR.2. Whats the function of the “MagSafe” system?A. To carry out the wired charging of iPhone 12.B. To perfectly match the iPad Pro and iPad Air.C. To
7、 make sure the iPhone 12 is right for the MagSafe accessories.D. To process the information in a more rapid way.3. Which of the followings is TRUE about iPhone 12?A. There are only two cameras placed separately in front and back.B. It is powered by A14 Bionic processor used in Android smartphones.C.
8、 All cameras of iPhone 12 have the Night Mode.D. A ceramic shield helps protect against breaking and cracking.【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则iPhone 12手机的介绍，介绍了这款手机的外观、相机、处理和无线充电等情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Featuring the same 6.1-inch display size as the iPhone 11 and iPhone XR before it, iPhone 12 is
9、making the transition from an LCD screen to OLED.( iPhone 12的屏幕尺寸与之前的iPhone 11和iPhone XR相同，为6.1英寸，iPhone 12正在从LCD屏幕过渡到OLED屏幕)”可知，iPhone 12的尺寸和iPhone XR一样大。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“To improve wireless charging on the iPhone 12, it contains a “MagSafe” system with built-in magnets to guarantee that the
10、iPhone 12 properly lines up with the MagSafe accessories.(为了改善iPhone 12的无线充电性能，它内置了“MagSafe”系统，以确保iPhone 12与MagSafe配件相匹配)”可知，MagSafe系统的功能是确保iPhone 12可以匹配MagSafe配件。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“To avoid being broken or cracked when dropped, iPhone 12 is covered with what Apple describes as a ceramic shield.
11、(为了避免摔碎或摔裂，iPhone 12覆盖了一层苹果称之为超瓷晶面板的材料)”可知，D选项“超瓷晶面板有助于防止破碎和开裂”正确。故选D。BFour people in England, back in 1953, stared at Photo 51. It wasnt much-a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showedthe shape of DNA. The discovery broug
12、ht fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick,and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.Her name was Rosalind Franklin. She should have been up there, says historian Mary Bowden. “If her photos hadnt been there, the others couldnt have come
13、up with the structure. One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitions.At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click
14、 tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNAS parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at Kings College in London,Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule. The rays produced patterns reflecting the shape.But Wilkins and Franklins relationship was a lot rockier than the ce
15、lebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant. But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy abou
16、t saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to to go or be put in her place.”“As Franklins competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers,” says
17、 historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that“Franklin was only two steps awayfrom the solution.”No, Franklin was the solution. “She contribut
18、ed more than any other player to solving the structure ofDNA . She must be considered a co-discoverer,”Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the“Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.4. W
19、hy did Watson get angry with Franklin?A. Because Franklin kept her results from him.B. Because Franklin took the led in the competition.C. Because Franklin proved some of his finding wrong.D. Because Franklin shared her data with other scientists.5. Why is Franklin described as Dark Lady of DNA?A. S
20、he developed pictures in dark labs.B. Her name was forgotten after her death.C. She discovered the black Xthe shape of DNA.D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.6. What is the writers attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?A. RespectfulB. DisapprovingC. AdmiringD. Doubtful7. Which can be
21、the most suitable title for the passage?A. Much pain, no gain.B. Be nice, never finish last.C. When one door closes, another opens.D. Where there is a will, there is a way.【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A【解析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Rosalind Franklin虽然对DNA的发现有重大贡献，但却始终不为人所知的一系列事情。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“What she did was pro
22、duce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson (她所做的是制作X光照片，告诉Watson和Crick，他们早期的一个模型是颠倒的。她毫不避讳地这样说。这激怒了Watson)”可知，Watson生Franklin的气，是因为Franklin证明了他的一些发现是错误的。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“As Franklins c
23、ompetitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers,” says historian Pnina Abir-Am.(历史学家Pnina Abir-Am说：“作为富兰克林的竞争对手，威尔金斯、沃森和克里克通过把富兰克林排除在研究小组之外而获益颇多。”)”以及最后一段中“She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA . Once d
24、escribed as the “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.(在解开DNA结构的问题上，她的贡献比其他任何人都要大。曾被描述为“DNA的黑暗女士”的富兰克林终于被人们知晓)”，可推知，Franklin被称为“Dark Lady of DNA”，是因为她的贡献不为公众所知。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“As Franklins competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of
25、the little group of researchers,” says historian Pnina Abir-Am.(历史学家Pnina Abir-Am说：“作为富兰克林的竞争对手，威尔金斯、沃森和克里克通过把富兰克林排除在研究小组之外而获益颇多。”)”以及最后一段中“No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA . She must be considered a co-discoverer,”Abir-Am say
26、s.(不，Franklin就是解决方案。在解开DNA结构的问题上，她的贡献比其他任何人都要大。她必须被视为一个共同发现者，” Abir-Am说)”可推出作者肯定了Franklin对研究的贡献，是她起到了关键作用，对其他三位科学家Wilkins, Watson和Crick是不赞成，故选B。7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showedthe shape of DNA. The discovery brought fame an
27、d fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.(但其中三人因为发现了这张照片真正展示的东西DNA的形状而获得了诺贝尔奖。这一发现为科学家James Watson、Francis Crick和Maurice Wilkins带来了名誉和财富。第四个人，也就是拍这张照片的人，被排除在外了)”以及第二段中“Her name was Rosalind Franklin. She
28、 should have been up there, says historian Mary Bowden. “If her photos hadnt been there, the others couldnt have come up with the structure.(她叫Rosalind Franklin。历史学家Mary Bowden说：“她也应该在那里的。如果没有她的照片，其他人根本不可能想出这个结构。”)”结合文章主要讲述了Rosalind Franklin虽然对DNA的发现有重大贡献，但却始终不为人所知的一系列事情。可知，A选项“多劳无获”最符合文章标题。故选A。CCur
29、rently, vegetarianism is increasingly popular, but it is still not the best option for many. If you may be contemplating removing meat from your diet but do not want to go completely meat-free,perhaps try going meat-free for just one day a week.Sharon Palmer, a registered dietitian and author of Pla
30、nt Powered for Life, discuses how research consistently shows that plant based diets are linked with a lower risk of obesity, hypertension,heart disease ,type 2 diabetes and cancer.She says, Even going meatless one day a week can make a difference, as you increase all of those whole plant-foods bean
31、s, wholegrains, nuts, seeds, vegetables,fruits-and decrease more animal foods, in particular red and processed meat. A high intake of these foods has been linked with increased disease risk.”Deciding to have a more plant-based diet also increases your intake of fiber, vitamins healthy fats and miner
32、als. To help to do this，stocking your fridge with a variety of beans seasonable veggies , wholegrains, herbs, nuts and seeds is Palmers secret to eating more plant-based meals.Palmers other recommendation is“plantifying”your favorite dishes. Just make your favorite dishes or meals plant-based,with a
33、 few changes. If you love Taco Tuesday, make your tacos veggie by skipping the meat and serving black beans or a vegetarian mushroom with tofu filling. If you love Indian food, skip the chicken masala and have chickpea masala instead. These will be foods you already love and are familiar with.”Her b
34、iggest advice is to pick one day a week to follow through this and mark it on your calendar, I love the Meatless Monday idea because people often start their best behaviour at the beginning of the week. . .However, there may be a better day of the week for you. So just plan it. Palmer said.8. What d
35、oes the underlined words “contemplating in Paragraph l most probably mean?A. StoppingB. DelayingC. ResistingD. Considering.9. Why does the writer mention Sharon Palmer as a registered dietitian and author of a book?A. To make us firmly believe Palmers advice.B. To help us better understand Palmer s
36、theory.C. To promote Palmers popular book to readersD. To let us the popularity of Palmers advice.10. Which of the following does Palmer advise to plantify your favorite dishes?A. Trying going meat-free one day a week.B. Stocking your fridge with whole plant foods.C. Using vegetable filings, not mea
37、t for dumplings.D. Planning a meatless day of the week as you like.11. Which word best describes Palmers advice?A. TheoreticalB. PracticalC. BoringD. Unrealistic.【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何将肉从食谱中去除，研究表明，我们可以试着每周只吃一天肉。【8题详解】.词义猜测题。根据划线单词后“removing meat from your diet but do not want
38、to go completely meat-free, perhaps try going meat-free for just one day a week.”可知，从饮食中去除肉类，但又不想完全不吃肉，也许可以试着每周只吃一天肉。由此可推知，划线单词“contemplating” 的意思是“考虑”，表示考虑从饮食中去除肉类。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Sharon Palmer, a registered dietitian and author of Plant Powered for Life, discusses how “research consistently
39、shows that plant based diets are linked with a lower risk of obesity, hypertension, heart disease, type 2 diabetes and cancer”.可知，Sharon Palmer是一位注册营养师，也是植物为生命提供动力一书的作者，她讨论了“研究一致表明植物性饮食与降低肥胖、高血压、心脏病、2型糖尿病和癌症的风险有关”，由此可推知，作者提及Sharon Palmer是一位注册营养师，也是植物动力生命一书的作者，目的是让读者坚定地相信Palmer的建议。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据
40、倒数第二段“Just make your favorite entrees or meals plant-based, with a few swaps. If you love Taco Tuesday, make your tacos veggie by skipping the meat and serving black beans or a vegetarian mushroom with tofu filling. If you love Indian food, skip the chicken masala and have chickpea masala instead. T
41、hese will be foods you already love and are familiar with.”可知，只要做你最喜欢的主菜或饭菜，以植物为基础，有一些交换。如果你喜欢周二的墨西哥玉米卷，那就做素食的墨西哥玉米卷吧，不吃肉，而用黑豆或素食蘑菇夹豆腐。如果你喜欢印度食物，不要吃鸡肉马沙拉，而吃鹰嘴豆马沙拉。这些都是你已经喜欢并熟悉的食物。由此可推知，要让你最爱的食物以植物为基础，包饺子可以用蔬菜馅而不是肉馅。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后第一段“Her biggest advice is to pick one day a week to follow throu
42、gh this and mark it on your calendar. ”可知，她最大的建议是每周选择一天，以完成此操作并将其标记在日历上。由此可知，Palmer的建议比较实用。故选B。DDo you find yourself unable to go more than 15 minutes without reaching into your pocket, pulling out your smart phone and checking your e-mail or WeChat? Dont panic. You are hardly alone. A recent survey
43、 shows that smart phone users have developed checking habitfrequently checks of e-mails and other Apps. The checks normally lasted less than 30 seconds and were often done every 10minutes.On average, the study subjects check their phones 34 times a day. And the strangest part is that they dont even
44、realize they are doing it. I hadnt told my hand to reach out for the phone. It seemed to be doing it all on its own, wrote Elizabeth Cohen, a medical correspondent for CNN who watched her right hand sneaking away from her side to grab her phone while sitting on the table at dinner with friends.Loren
45、 Frank, a neuroscientist at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), explains that checking smart phones is rewarding in some way. Each time you get an e-mail, its a little bit exciting, because it means a positive feedback that youre an important person, Frank told CNN. Once the brain be
46、comes used to this positive feedback, reaching out for the phone becomes an automatic action you dont even think about consciously, said Frank. Professor Clifford Nass of Stanford University added that constantly checking your smart phone is also “an attempt to not have to think hard but feel like y
47、ou are doing something.However, every coin has two sides. This habit can cause problems. Study show that whenever you take a break from what you are doing to check your smart phone, it is hard to go back to your original task, according to Adam Gazzaley, a neurologist at UCSF. Thats not the worst. A
48、 survey by South Korean marriage consulting agency Duo earlier this year shows that smart phones are destroying intimate relationships, reports The Korea Herald (韩国先驱报). About half or the respondents said they had had fights with their boyfriend or girlfriend because of smart phones. And 32.8 percen
49、t of them fought about smart phone obsession. In this respect, checking smart-phones at regular intervals is a bad habit. But just as an old saying goes, Bad habits die hard.”So to get rid of the checking habit, Cohen suggests establishing phone-free times and zones.12. What is the most unusual part
50、 of the study subjects?A. The times of phone checks.B. The lasting time of phone checks.C. The unawareness of checking phones.D. The high frequency of checking phones.13. What does Loren Frank think of checking smart-phones frequently?A. It is worthwhile in some way.B. It is necessary to think hard.
51、C. It is unimportant for those busy people.D. It is likely to cause neurological diseases.14. Which of the following is the worst effect of the “checking habit” has on phone users?A. They might not have a good rest.B. They would be taken in by other people.C. They might get distract from their work.
52、D. They would lost time to keep close relationship.15. What is the main purpose of writing this passage?A. To introduce a smart-phone consumption survey.B. To present the obsession with smart-phone checking.C. To list the advantage of smart-phone checking habit.D. To offer the ways to quit smart-pho
53、ne checking habit.【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究表明，智能手机用户对查看手机的痴迷，作者认为查看手机过于频繁会形成习惯，这会影响工作。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“On average, the study subjects check their phones 34 times a day. And the strangest part is that they dont even realize they are doing it.”（研究对象平均每天检查手机34次。最奇怪的是，他们甚至没有意识到
54、自己在这么做。），可知研究对象频繁查看手机，自己却没意识到“查看手机”这一行为，这是最奇怪的地方。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Loren Frank, a neuroscientist at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), explains that checking smart phones is rewarding in some way.”（加州大学旧金山分校（UCSF）的神经科学家Loren Frank解释说，查看智能手机在某种程度上是值得做的），可知Loren Frank认为查看智能手机在某
55、种程度上是值得的。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“Study show that whenever you take a break from what you are doing to check your smart phone, it is hard to go back to your original task, according to Adam Gazzaley, a neurologist at UCSF.”（加州大学旧金山分校的神经学家Adam Gazzaley表示，研究表明，每当你休息一下，查看你的智能手机，就很难回到原来的工作。），可知查看智能手机时，工
56、作暂停，很难回到原来的工作中，说明查看智能手机会使人从工作中分心。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“A recent survey shows that smart phone users have developed checking habitfrequently checks of e-mails and other Apps.”（最近的一项调查显示，智能手机用户已经养成了“检查习惯”经常检查电子邮件和其他信息应用程序）和下文对于“智能手机用户对查看手机的痴迷”的介绍，可知本文主要展示了智能手机用户对查看手机的痴迷。故选B项。第二节 七选五根据短文内容从短文后的选顶中选出
57、能填入空白处的最佳选项。Many people become successful because they pay attention to the lessons that life teaches them. _16_ However, by learning to deal with the challenges, one can come out of the experience, wiser, stronger and more able to face whatever else lies ahead.Life lessons can occur in any area. Al
58、though we learn many things each day, we dont always learn something that we feel will affect our behavior for the rest of our lives._17_It is usually something we are greatly changed by.For example, if we respond in a certain way to something and then face unpleasant consequences, well rethink how
59、we handled the situation. This can serve as a life lesson so that when were faced with similar circumstances, we can consciously change our behavior. _18_Such lessons in relationships are as varied and unique as each relationship, yet there are common themes. _19_ Some of us learn a major life lesso
60、n when a loved one dies, and we wish we had spent more time with that person. This lesson can result in us spending more time with our remaining loved ones._20_ Since the lesson is learned through the consequences of our actions or reactions, in this way we can gain insight into how we think, act an
61、d react in certain situations. Perhaps one of the biggest lessons we can finally learn is that while we cant control everything, we can control our response to things.A. Life lessons are unique to each person.B. Some of these lessons are learned the hard way.C. This separates a life lesson from ever
62、ything else we learn.D. Spending more time with loved ones is one of the examples.E. Life lessons can serve to help us understand ourselves better.F. One way to improve your life is to learn something new every day.G. To put it simply, a life lesson teaches us not to make the same mistake twice.【答案】
63、16. B 17. C 18. G 19. D 20. E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主题是：总结生活教训，铸就美好人生。【16题详解】上文“Many people become successful because they pay attention to the lessons that life teaches them.( 许多人之所以成功，是因为他们注意到了生活给他们的教训)”说明了许多人成功是因为注意到了教训，下文“However, by learning to deal with the challenges,.( 然而，通过学习如何应对挑战，)”说明通过学习如何应对挑战，变得
64、更有能力， B项中的these lessons与上文中lessons语义一致，learned与下文中learning语义一致，B项“其中有些教训是通过艰难的方式学到的。”承上启下，符合题意。故选B。【17题详解】上文“Life lessons can occur in any area. Although we learn many things each day, we dont always learn something that we feel will affect our behavior for the rest of our lives.( 生活课程（教训）可以发生在任何领域。
65、虽然我们每天学到很多东西，但我们并不总是学到一些我们认为会影响我们余生行为的东西)”说明了生活课程（教训）可以发生在任何领域，而其他每天学到的课程并不都能影响我们人生， C项中的a life lesson与上文中life lessons语义一致， C项“这将我们学到的生活课程与其他课程区分开来。”承接上文，进一步说明生活课程不同于其他课程。下文“It is usually something we are greatly changed by. (这通常是我们被极大地改变了的东西)”是对空格处的解释，说明区别在于“生活课程（教训）改变人生”。故选C。【18题详解】上文“This can ser
66、ve as a life lesson so that when were faced with similar circumstances, we can consciously change our behavior .( 这可以作为人生的一课，当我们面对相似的环境时，我们可以有意识地改变我们的行为)”说明了生活课程（教训）教会我们遇到相似的情况不再犯错， G项“简而言之，生活课程（教训）告诉我们不要重复（两次）犯同样的错误。”是对上文的总结概括。上文关键词a life lesson，similar与选项中a life lesson，the same语义一致。故选G。【19题详解】下文“S
67、ome of us learn a major life lesson when a loved one dies, and we wish we had spent more time with that person. (当我们所爱的人去世的时候，我们中的一些人学到了人生中的重要一课，我们希望我们能花更多的时间和那个人在一起)”说明当爱的人去世时，我们希望有更多的时间和他们一起， D项中的Spending more time with loved ones与下文中had spent more time with that person语义一致，符合题意。故选D。【20题详解】下文“Sinc
68、e the lesson is learned through the consequences of our actions or reactions, in this way we can gain insight into how we think, act and react in certain situations.（既然这个教训是通过我们的行为或反应的结果来学习的，这样我们就可以深入了解我们在特定情况下的思考、行动和反应。）”说明教训是通过了解我们自己学习到的，E项中understand ourselves better 和下文the lesson is through the
69、consequences of our actions or reactions 相关。E项“生活课程（教训）可以帮助我们更好地了解自己。”位于段首，点明本段的中心。故选E项。第三部分语言 知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Luis Escobar, a coach at St. Joseph High in Santa Maria, was just looking for a fun idea to change the practice for his su
70、mmer program. _21_, he took 14 runners from his school to the local animal shelter, and paired them with 14 dogs.“When I first _22_ the idea there were a lot of eye rolls,” he said. _23_, it is a group of high schoolers.The group got a bit excited when they were told the run would _24_ as part of th
71、eir community service requirement that everyone at their high school has to meet. Then once the students saw the dogs, they immediately became just more _25_.“I wasnt sure who was more excited,” he said, “the _26_ or the dogs.”After a short _27_, the group went for a mile and a half run. Escobar _28
72、_ the amazing practice and posted the video online - as he does with many of the different _29_ he does with his team. It spread quickly and was _30_ by millions of people on social media. There were thousands of _31_ and it was quickly picked up by local news. Escobar was _32_. “I wonder why this i
73、s happening,” he said. “I _33_ everyones looking for something good.”Soon many coaches have called Escobar asking about how they can _34_ similar runs with their teams. And a dog equipment company has donated new harnesses (背带牵引绳) to the _35_ so the dogs can go for a more comfortable _36_.And there
74、was more good _37_. Fred, who ran with Josh, one of the 14 high school runners, became a _38_ dog - his story had the happiest ending. After the run, Josh convinced his mom that their family needed to _39_ him.“Once he was just this little dog _40_ in a metal cage,” Escobar said. “And now hes at hom
75、e with Josh and his family.”21. A. OtherwiseB. InsteadC. ThereforeD. However22. A. changedB. rejectedC. presentedD. knew23. A. In particularB. In factC. As usualD. After all24. A. countB. adoreC. possessD. occupy25. A. ambitiousB. thoughtfulC. faithfulD. enthusiastic26 A. trainersB. employeesC. kids
76、D. teachers27. A. hesitationB. introductionC. competitionD. evaluation28. A. filmedB. watchedC. supportedD. required29. A. tricksB. gamesC. studiesD. activities.30. A. challengedB. sharedC. researchedD. blamed31. A. commentsB. refusalsC. complaintsD. demands32. A. relaxedB. shockedC. disappointedD.
77、embarrassed33. A. declareB. guaranteeC. guessD. prove34. A. figure outB. get throughC. respond toD. participate in35. A. shelterB. communityC. governmentD. family36. A. jobB. teamC. runD. journey37. A. newsB. lifeC. experienceD. practice38. A. lovelyB. wildC. clumsyD. lucky39. A. trustB. adoptC. enc
78、ourageD. comfort40. A. wanderingB. tremblingC. thinkingD. dancing【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一位学校教练将14名学生和收容所的狗组队进行跑步并录制视频发布在网站，引起了人们的分享和关注，最终还发生了收容所狗被收养的好事。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以，他从他的学校里带
79、了14名跑步者去当地的动物收容所，并且将他们和14只狗进行组队。A. Otherwise 否则；B. Instead 相反；C. Therefore 因此，所以；D. However 然而，可是。 前一句“Luis Escobar, a coach at St. Joseph High in Santa Maria, was just looking for a fun idea to change the practice for his summer program.”表达的是Luis Escobar，一位圣马利亚市圣约瑟夫高中的教练，正在为他的暑期项目寻找改变训练的有趣方法。由此可见，前
80、一句 “寻找改变训练的有趣方法”和本句的“挑选跑步者和狗组队”之间是因果关系。选项C. Therefore 因此，所以，表示因果关系，符合语境。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次描述这个想法的时候，遭到了很多白眼。A. changed 改变；B. rejected 拒绝；C. presented 描述，展现；D. knew 知道，了解。由第三段的第一句“The group got a bit excited when they were told the run would _4_ as part of their community service requiremen
81、t that everyone at their high school has to meet.”可知，当他们被告知此次跑步将算入在高中阶段他们每个人都必须满足的社区服务里的一部分的时候，这组成员变得非常兴奋。由此可见，当我第一次告诉他们这个跑步想法的时候，他们是翻白眼的。选项C. presented 描述，展现，和第三段第一句中的told相呼应，符合语境。故选C。【23题详解】考查介词词组词义辨析。句意：毕竟，这是一组高中生。A. In particular 尤其，特别；B. In fact 实际上；C. As usual 像往常一样；D. After all 毕竟。由前一句“When I
82、 first _2_ the idea there were a lot of eye rolls,” he said.”可知，他说，“当我第一次描述这个想法的时候，遭到了很多白眼。”本句“这是一组高中生”是对前一句“遭到很多白眼”的让步。选项D. After all 毕竟，表示的是一种让步关系，符合语境。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们被告知此次跑步将算入在高中阶段他们每个人都必须满足的社区服务里的一部分的时候，这组成员变得非常兴奋。A. count 把算入，包括；B. adore 崇拜，爱慕；C. possess 拥有，控制；D. occupy 占用，占领。由本句中的“
83、as part of their community service requirement that everyone at their high school has to meet.”可知，作为每个人在他们高中必须满足的社区服务要求的一部分。由此可见，此次跑步算入到社区服务要求，这群高中生才变得兴奋。选项A. count 把算入，符合语境。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后这些学生一见到这些狗，他们立即变得更加热情。A. ambitious 野心勃勃的；B. thoughtful 深思的，体贴的；C. faithful 忠诚的；D. enthusiastic 狂热的，热
84、情的。前一句“The group got a bit excited when they were told the run would _4_ as part of their community service requirement that everyone at their high school has to meet.”表达的是，当他们被告知此次跑步将算入在高中阶段他们每个人都必须满足的社区服务里的一部分的时候，这组成员变得非常兴奋。选项D. enthusiastic 狂热的，热情的，和前一句中的“a bit excited”相呼应，符合语境。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨
85、析。句意：他说，“我不确定谁更兴奋，是小孩还是狗。”A. trainers 训练员；B. employees 员工；C. kids 小孩；D. teachers 教师。由第二段的最后一句“it is a group of high schoolers.”这是一组高中生。由此可见，教练不确定是这组学生还是狗更兴奋。选项C. kids 小孩，符合语境。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在简短的介绍之后，这组成员进行了一英里半的跑步。A. hesitation 犹豫；B. introduction 介绍；C. competition 竞争；D. evaluation 评价。由后半句“th
86、e group went for a mile and a half run.”可知，这组成员进行了一英里半的跑步。由此可见，在简短的介绍完跑步之后，这组成员才开始跑步。选项B. introduction 介绍，符合语境。故选B。28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Escobar录制了这次令人惊讶的训练并且将这个视频公布在网上-正如他处理很多他和他的团队一起做的不同的活动一样。A. filmed 把拍成电影；B. watched 观看；C. supported 支持；D. required 需要。由后半部分“and posted the video online”可知，把这个视频公布在网上。由
87、此可见，Escobar是录制了这次训练。选项A. filmed 把拍成电影，符合语境。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Escobar录制了这次令人惊讶的训练并且将这个视频公布在网上-正如他处理很多他和他的团队一起做的不同的活动一样。A. tricks 诡计；B. games 游戏，比赛；C. studies 学习；D. activities 活动。由前半部分“Escobar _8_ the amazing practice and posted the video online”可知，Escobar录制了这次令人惊讶的训练并且将这个视频公布在网上。由此可见，Escobar和他的团
88、队一起做了很多像这次训练的活动。选项D. activities 活动，和前半部分的“the amazing practice”相呼应，都是属于活动的类型，符合语境。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它迅速传播，并且在社交媒体被数以百万的人分享。A. challenged 挑战；B. shared 分享；C. researched 研究；D. blamed 谴责。前半部分“It spread quickly”和后半部分“and was _10_ by millions of people on social media.”之间是并列关系，前半部分“It spread quickly”
89、表示的是它迅速传播。由此可见，后半部分也是在表示传播很快的情况。选项B. shared 分享，符合语境。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有成千上万条评论并且它很快就被当地的新闻报道选中。A. comments 评论；B. refusals 拒绝；C. complaints 抱怨；D. demands 需求。由前一句“It spread quickly and was _10_ by millions of people on social media.”可知，它迅速传播，并且在社交媒体被数以百万的人分享。由此可见，这个视频在数以百万人分享过程中也会有评论。选项A. comment
90、s 评论，符合语境。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Escobar 感到震惊的。A. relaxed 放松的；B. shocked 震惊的；C. disappointed 失望的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。由后一句“I wonder why this is happening,” he said.”可知，他说，“我感到诧异为什么这会发生。”由此可见，Escobar是感到震惊的。选项B. shocked 震惊的，和后一句的wonder相呼应，符合语境。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我猜测每个人都在寻找美好的事物。A. declare 宣布，声明；B.
91、guarantee 保证，担保；C. guess 猜测；D. prove 证明。由前一句“I wonder why this is happening,”可知，我感到诧异为什么这会发生。由此可见，Escobar也不清楚原因，猜测是因为每个人都在寻找美好的事物。选项C. guess 猜测，符合语境。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：不久很多教练打电话给Escobar询问他们怎样能够和他们的团队一起参加类似的跑步。A. figure out 解决；B. get through 通过；C. respond to 响应；D. participate in 参加。由后一句“And a d
92、og equipment company has donated new harnesses (背带牵引绳) to the _15_ so the dogs can go for a more comfortable _16_.”可知，并且，一个狗设备公司已经给收容所捐赠了新的背带牵引绳，所以狗能够进行一次更舒服的奔跑。后一句和本句是并列关系，后一句表达的是狗设备公司的捐赠，让狗能继续参与这样的跑步活动。由此可见，本句也是关于教练门如何参与跑步活动的内容。选项D. participate in 参加，符合语境。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：并且，一个狗设备公司已经给收容所捐赠了
93、新的背带牵引绳，所以狗能够进行一次更舒服的奔跑。A. shelter 收容所；B. community 社区；C. government 政府；D. family 家庭。由第一段的最后一句“he took 14 runners from his school to the local animal shelter, and paired them with 14 dogs.”可知，他从他的学校里带了14名跑步者去当地的动物收容所，并且将他们和14只狗进行组队。由此可见，狗设备公司给狗所在的收容所捐赠了新的背带牵引绳。选项A. shelter 收容所，符合语境。故选A。【36题详解】考查名词词义
94、辨析。句意：并且，一个狗设备公司已经给收容所捐赠了新背带牵引绳，所以狗能够进行一次更舒服的奔跑。A. job 工作；B. team 团队；C. run 跑步；D. journey 旅程。由第一段的最后一句“he took 14 runners from his school to the local animal shelter, and paired them with 14 dogs.”和第五段的第一句“After a short _7_, the group went for a mile and a half run.”可知，他从他的学校里带了14名跑步者去当地的动物收容所，并且将他们
95、和14只狗进行组队。经过简短的介绍之后，这个团队进行了一英里半的跑步。由此可见，狗狗获得新的背带牵引绳，能够进行一次更舒服的奔跑。选项C. run 跑步，符合语境。故选C。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：并且有更好的消息。A. news 消息；B. life 生活；C. experience 经历；D. practice 练习。由第七段的第二句“Fred, who ran with Josh, one of the 14 high school runners, became a _18_ dog - his story had the happiest ending.”和第三句“Aft
96、er the run, Josh convinced his mom that their family needed to _19_ him.”可知，Fred和Josh，这14名高中生跑步者之一一起跑步，成为了一个幸运的狗，它的故事有一个最幸福的结局。在此次跑步之后，Josh说服他的妈妈，他们家人需要收养它。由此可见，Fred这条狗最终被收养，这是一个好的消息。选项A. news 消息，符合语境。故选A。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Fred和Josh，这14名高中生跑步者之一一起跑步，成为了一个幸运的狗，它的故事有一个最幸福的结局。A. lovely 可爱的；B. wild 野蛮
97、的；C. clumsy 笨拙的；D. lucky 幸运的。由后半部分“his story had the happiest ending.”和后一句“After the run, Josh convinced his mom that their family needed to _19_ him.”可知，它的故事有一个最幸福的结局。在此次跑步之后，Josh说服他的妈妈，他们家人需要收养它。由此可见，这只狗在最后被收养，这种幸福的结局是一种幸运。选项D. lucky 幸运的，符合语境。故选D。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在此次跑步之后，Josh说服他的妈妈，他们家人需要收养它。A.
98、trust 信任；B. adopt 收养；C. encourage 鼓舞；D. comfort 安慰，舒适。由最后一段的最后一句“And now hes at home with Josh and his family.”可知，现在它和Josh以及他的家人一起在家。由此可见，Josh家人收养了它。选项B. adopt 收养，符合语境。故选B。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾经它只是这样一条小狗，在一个金属笼子里面发抖。A. wandering 漫步；B. trembling 颤抖，发抖；C. thinking 思考；D. dancing 跳舞。由后一句“And now hes at h
99、ome with Josh and his family.”可知，那么现在它和Josh以及他的家人一起在家里。由此可见，曾经它是这样一条小狗，在金属笼子里发抖。和后一句描述的现在幸福情况相比较。选项B. trembling 颤抖，发抖，符合语境。故选B。第卷（非选择题，共50分)第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China plans to complete the construction of a space station and have_41_put into operation around 2022,
100、said Zhou Jianping, the chief designer of Chinas manned space program, at a forum (论坛)_42_(hold) in south Chinas Guangdong Province. The space station,_43_could be enlarged if needed,_44_(design) to weigh 100 tonnes and accommodate three astronauts, according to Zhou.“The main goal of the constructi
101、on or the space station is to enable China to become a country_45_(independent) mastering the technology for long term manned flight in near Earth space, and having the capacity to carry out long-term manned scientific_46_ (experiment) in near Earth space and comprehensive development and utilizatio
102、n (利用) of space resources,_47_(say) Zhou at the 4th China Summit Forum on Human Factors Engineering, which was held at SunYat-sen University from Saturday to Sunday.The space station will be built as Chinas main platform for space science research_48_the intention of mastering the technologies in co
103、nstructing and_49_(operate) large space facilities, the technologies that guarantee life and health of astronauts who often fly in orbit, and the construction of a_50_(nation) space lab, according to Zhou.【答案】41. it 42. held 43. which 44. is designed 45. independently 46. experiments 47. said 48. wi
104、th 49. operating 50. national【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国修建太空站的一些事情。【41题详解】考查代词。句意：中国载人航天工程总设计师周建平在中国南方广东省举行的一个论坛上说，中国计划在2022年左右完成空间站的建设并投入使用。空格前为动词have(让)，其后缺少宾语，空格后为动词短语的过去分词形式put into operation（被投入使用），此处为固定搭配have sth. done(让某物/某事被做)。结合空格前提及单数形式的名词短语a space station(一个太空站），此处指“让太空站投入使用”，用it指代a space station
105、作动词have的宾语。故填it。【42题详解】考查过去分词。句意：中国载人航天工程总设计师周建平在中国南方广东省举行的一个论坛上说，中国计划在2022年左右完成空间站的建设并投入使用。空格前无连词，句子的谓语动词为said，推断空格为非谓语动词。逻辑主语a forum(一个论坛）和动词hold(举办)之间为逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词表被动，作名词a forum的后置定语，表示“在中国南方广东省举行的一个论坛”。故填held。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：据周建平介绍，空间站的设计重量为100吨，可容纳3名宇航员，如果需要的话，空间站可以扩大。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是The spa
106、ce station，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。【44题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：据周建平介绍，空间站的设计重量为100吨，可容纳3名宇航员，如果需要的话，空间站可以扩大。空格前为主语The space station，第三人称单数，空格后为不定式，句子缺少谓语部分，太空站的建设讲的是现在的事，时态用一般现在时，主语The space station和动词design之间为被动关系，此处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语The space station是单数，谓语也用单数形式。故填is designed。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：空间站建设
107、的主要目标是使中国成为一个自主掌握长期近地空间载人飞行技术的国家。此处用副词independently（独立地）作状语修饰动词mastering。故填independently。【46题详解】考查名词的数。句意：从星期六至星期天在中山大学举行的第四届中国人因工程高峰论坛上，周建平说：“我们有能力在近地空间进行长期的载人科学实验和空间资源的综合开发利用。”空格前为形容词scientific，空格后为地点状语in near Earthspace，该空作carry out的宾语，用名词形式，结合给出单词为可数名词，且空格前无不定冠词，应用名词复数形式表泛指。故填experiments。【47题详解】
108、考查时态。句意：从星期六至星期天在中山大学举行的第四届中国人因工程高峰论坛上，周建平说：“我们有能力在近地空间进行长期的载人科学实验和空间资源的综合开发利用。”。空格后为主语Zhou和地点状语at the 4th China Summit Forum on Human Factors Engineering，句子缺少谓语动词，本句使用了主谓倒装，结合was提示句子时态为一般过去时可知，此处谓语也用一般过去时。故填said。【48题详解】考查介词。句意：据周建平介绍，空间站将建成中国空间科学研究的主要平台，旨在掌握大型空间设施的建造和运行技术，掌握保障经常在轨飞行的航天员生命健康的技术，建设国家
109、空间实验室。固定搭配with the intention of（打算），用介词with。故填with。【49题详解】考查动名词。句意：据周建平介绍，空间站将建成中国空间科学研究的主要平台，旨在掌握大型空间设施的建造和运行技术，掌握保障经常在轨飞行的航天员生命健康的技术，建设国家空间实验室。空格前为连接两个词性相同的成分的并列连词and，and前是动名词constructing，推断空格为和constructing一样词性的动名词，作介词in的宾语。故填operating。【50题详解】考查形容词。句意：据周建平介绍，空间站将建成中国空间科学研究的主要平台，旨在掌握大型空间设施的建造和运行技术，
110、掌握保障经常在轨飞行的航天员生命健康的技术，建设国家空间实验室。空格前为不定冠词a，空格后为单数形式的名词短语space lab，用形容词national（国家的）作定语修饰名词短语space lab。故填national。第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下
111、面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Im from United States. I am 16 year old and Im now studying in a middle school in Beijing. My father works in Beijing. We come here one year ago. In our school, all the students come from differently countries in the world. After school, I sometim
112、e play football with my classmates. Although I enjoy my life here, but I often feel unhappy because I dont have any local friends. My father tries to get us out of my world to make some Chinese friends. He wants to help me understanding the Chinese culture as many as possible. He says I can learn a
113、lot from the local people. I know he is right and I need to learn better with China.【答案】1.from后加the2.yearyearsecame4.differentlydifferent5.sometimesometimes6.删掉Although或but7.usme8.understandingunderstand9.manymuch10.withabout【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍作者从美国来到北京一中学学习和生活的情况。【详解】第一处：考查冠词。句意：我来自美国。the Unite
114、d States是复合专有名词。故在from后加the。第二处：考查名词的单复数。句意：我今年16岁，现在在北京的一所中学学习。year是一个可数名词，表示“16岁”，year应用复数形式。故将year改为years。第三处：考查动词时态。句意：我们一年前来到这里。根据时间状语“one year ago”可知，应用一般过去时。故将come改为came。第四处：考查形容词。句意：在我们学校，所有的学生都来自世界上不同的国家。形容词修饰的是后面的名词countries，因此用different。故将differently改为different。第五处：考查副词。句意：放学后，我有时和我的同学踢足球
115、。根据句意，此处应用sometimes，表示“有时”。故将sometime改为sometimes。第六处：考查连词。句意：虽然我喜欢我的生活在这里，但我经常感到不快乐，因为我没有任何当地的朋友。but不可以同although、though出现在一个句子中。故删掉Although或but。第七处：考查代词。句意：我父亲想让我走出自己的世界去结交一些中国朋友。此处指的是作者，故用me。故将us改为me。第八处：考查非谓语动词。句意：他想帮助我尽可能多地了解中国文化。help sb.do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”。故将understanding改为understand。第九处：考查副词。句意：
116、他想帮助我尽可能多地了解中国文化。副词much修饰动词。故将many改为much。第十处：考查介词。句意：我知道他是对的，我需要更好地了解中国。learn about sth.意为“了解某事/物”。故将with改为about。第二节 书面表达52. 假定你是南山中学高三学生李华，听完加拿大Mcgill大学的来校宣讲后，很感兴趣。请写一封电邮给该校招生负责人，进一步咨询相关细节：1.所感兴趣专业的课程设置；2.学费和奖学金；3.学生活动。注意:1.字数100左右;；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：宣讲会 recruiting presentationDear Sir/Madam,_Y
117、ours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,My name is Li Hua, a student from Nan Shan Senior High School. After attending your recruiting presentation, Im so interested in Clemson University that I am writing to ask for some information.I am very interested in Environmental Science. You know the environmental pr
118、otection is becoming more and more popular all over the world. I really want to be something in this field. So I wonder how I can be a student in your university. Do I have to take some language tests? How much will I have to pay for my education in your university? How can I apply for the scholarsh
119、ip? What kind of student activities do you usually organize in your university?Your timely reply would be much appreciated.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给加拿大Mcgill大学的招生负责人写一封电邮，询问入读这所学校的相关信息。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要一般现在时,少量一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 所感兴趣专业的课程设置；2.
120、 学费和奖学金；3. 学生活动。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）recruiting presentation ; be interested in; ask for; pay for; apply for第三步：连词成句1. After attending your recruiting presentation, Im so interested in Clemson University that I am writing to ask for some information.2. How much will I have to pay for my education in your u
121、niversity?3. How can I apply for the scholarship?根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last（供参考）2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including（
122、供参考）3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat（供参考） 4.表因果关系：So连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 After attending your recruiting presentation, Im so interested in Clemson University that I am writing to ask for some information. 用了sothat引导的结果状语从句。高分句型2 So I wonder how I can be a student in your university.用了how引导的宾语从句。
