1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家2014-2015学年高中英语（精品）同步教案第1课时：Unit 2 Cloning人教新课标选修8）Unit 2 Cloning. 单元教学目标技能目标Skill GoalsTalk about cloningPractice expressing and supporting an opinionUse the appositive clauseWrite a composition about cloning. 目标语言功 能 句 式Expressing and supporting an opinionIm happy to accept. but.I
2、would never accept.Im not bothered about.I dont mind but.I hope youll carry on.Are you sure you want to.?I agree with you that.Is it fair to.?Do you think it is wise to.?I think you should.Well done to you for.I dont understand why you dont.I cant help thinking.I could never agree to.词 汇四会词汇Differ e
3、xact twin commercial straightforward undertake breakthrough procedure carrier cast altogether arbitrary correction object objection medium obtain attain moral conservative forbid accumulate constitution compulsory opera chorus loaf flour owe shortly retire bother assumption regulation strike initial
4、 vain resist drawback merely decoration unable feather turkey claw adore hatch reasonable 2 词组cast down, object to, the media, in favour of， （be）bound to（do）., from time to time, bring back to life, pay off, in vain结 构Appositive clause that 可引导同位语从句重点句子It is a way of. P11The fact is that. P11The que
5、stion that occurred . P12The advantage is that. P15. 教材分析和教材重组1. 教材分析本单元以Cloning为话题，旨在通过单元教学，使学生了解克隆技术的优缺点，学会表达和支持个人观点，能用所学的有关Cloning的词汇去表述自己对这一新技术的观点和看法。1.1 Warming Up提供了四幅有关Dolly the sheep(多莉羊)，A strawberry plant(草莓植物)，Identical dogs(克隆狗) ，Twins（双胞胎婴儿）的图片，让学生用已有的知识和经验讨论对克隆技术的看法与观点。1.2 Listening是关于
6、人类克隆的听力材料，难度中等。1.3 Speaking根据材料，四人小组合作，要求把自己对克隆婴儿的态度和感觉用相关的语言表达出来。语言要得体，锻炼语段表达能力。1.4 Pre-reading是Reading的热身活动，它要求采用与同学讨论交流的方式谈论有关克隆的相关知识。1.5 Reading是一篇介绍克隆技术的说明文。1.6 Comprehending第一题所给出的表格让学生根据课文内容列举克隆技术的优缺点；第二题让学生根据所拥有的知识来评价作者的观点；第三题要求学生用自己的语言阐述对克隆技术的观点并给出理由。 1.7 Learning about Language分词汇和语法两部分，其中
7、Discovering useful words and expressions 是根据语境在运用中掌握词汇。Discovering useful structures 是通过阅读和补全句子来练习。1.8 Using Language中的Reading，Discussingand writing要求学生先读, 然后再完成四个任务型的作业，即 1. 讨论并回答三个问题；2. 讨论几种已经灭绝的动物，并且讨论哪种动物应该被恢复到这个世界上，并且给出理由；3. Listening and speaking 让学生根据所听到的内容选择并列出文中人物观点。2 教材重组2.1 从话题内容上分析，Warmi
8、ng Up 与Reading相一致，而从训练目的上分析Warming Up与TALKING比较一致。从教材份量来说，可将Warming Up和Reading整合在一起，设计成一节任务型“阅读课（一）（精读课）”。2.2 将Listening 和Workbook中的LISTENING整合在一起，设计成一节“听力课”。2.3 将Using Language与Workbook中的TALKING 和SPEAKING TASK结合在一起，设计成一节“口语课”。2.4 将Learning about Language与Workbook中的USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS整合在一起上一
9、节“语法课”。2.5 将Workbook中READING TASK和PROJECT 以及WRITING TASK整合成一节“泛读与写作课”。3. 课型设计与课时分配1st PeriodReading2nd PeriodListening 3rd PeriodSpeaking 4th PeriodGrammar5th PeriodExtensive reading and writing . 分课时教案The First Period ReadingTeaching goals教学目标1. Target language 目标语言a. 重点词汇和短语clone, commercial, prod
10、ucer, undertake, arbitrary, object, forbid, accumulate, cast down, object to, the media, in favour ofb. 重点句子It is a way of.The fact is that.The question that occurred .2. Ability goals能力目标Enable the students to describe cloning: What is the advantages of cloning？ What is the problems or dangers of c
11、loning？What is your opinion of cloning？3. Learning ability goals 学能目标Help the students learn how to describe cloning.Teaching important points 教学重点 How to describe cloning. Teaching difficult points 教学难点Help the students analyze the writing techniques of the article.Teaching methods 教学方法Skimming, ta
12、sk-based method and debate method.Teaching aids 教具准备A recorder, a projector and some slides. Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式Step I Lead-inThis topic is difficult for students. So teacher should help the students learn more about it. Do this in the way of asking and answering questions.T: You can i
13、magine how rapidly the modern science and technology develop. I think most of you must know something about space traveling, submarine exploration, robot, maglev train, gene engineering etc. But in recent years, a hot topic, cloning is often mentioned, especially when the cloning Dolly the sheep app
14、eared. You may have first heard of cloning when Dolly the Sheep showed up on the scene in 1997. Cloning technologies have been around for much longer than Dolly, though. First thing first, what is cloning and a clone? The dictionary says cloning is the technique of producing a genetically identical
15、duplicate of an organism. A clone is said to be all descendants derived asexually from a single individual, as by cuttings, bulbs, by fission, by mitosis, or by parthenogenesis reproduction. It sounds very different and complicated to us. In fact, I mean, in our daily life, this happens often. For e
16、xample, gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. You often see that your mother picks a small branch from a growing plant to make a new one. If she likes this kind of flowers, she can do cloning. Cloning also happens in animals or human beings when twins identical in sex and app
17、earance are produced from the same original egg. The fact is that cloning plants is straightforward but the cloning of animals is more complicated. The possibility of human cloning, raised when Scottish scientists at Roslin Institute created the much-celebrated sheep “Dolly”, aroused worldwide inter
18、est and concern because of its scientific and ethical implications. You can give your questions if you are interested in this topic. I am here today one of the scientists who work in this field. I am ready to answer any of your questions.S: Now we know what is cloning. Are there different types of c
19、loning?T: When the media report on cloning in the news, they are usually talking about only one type called reproductive cloning. There are different types of cloning however, and cloning technologies can be used for other purposes besides producing the genetic twin of another organism. A basic unde
20、rstanding of the different types of cloning is key to taking an informed stance on current public policy issues and making the best possible personal decisions. The following three types of cloning technologies will be discussed: (1) recombinant DNA technology or DNA cloning, (2) reproductive clonin
21、g, and (3) therapeutic cloning. S: Was Dolly created by what cloning? And why was Dolly so important?T: Reproductive cloning is a technology used to generate an animal that has the same nuclear DNA as another currently or previously existing animal. Dolly was created by reproductive cloning technolo
22、gy. She was the first mammal to be cloned from adult DNA taken from an adult cell. Previously, animals had only been cloned using embryo cells which already have the potential to become a complete embryo in its own right. The big breakthrough with Dolly was to make a clone from an ordinary, adult ce
23、ll in this case from a female goats udder.S: Have you seen Jurassic Park? In this feature film, scientists use DNA preserved for tens of millions of years to clone dinosaurs. They find trouble, however, when they realize that the cloned creatures are smarter and fiercer than expected. Could we reall
24、y clone dinosaurs?T: In theory? Yes. What would you need to do this? A well-preserved source of DNA from the extinct dinosaur, and a closely related species, currently living, that could serve as a surrogate mother. In reality? Probably not. Its not likely that dinosaur DNA could survive undamaged f
25、or such a long time. However, scientists have tried to clone species that became extinct more recently, using DNA from well-preserved tissue samples.More questions about cloning are given in the appendix. The information above is for reference only. Or you can choose several students and ask them to
26、 act out a short play whose main topic is as follows:An old man who was dying left all his fortune to his own son. But he did not know that his son was cloned. So two same young men both claimed that they were the old mans son. They quarreled and fought with each other; at last they went to the judg
27、e. The judge let them check DNA. The result was that their DNA was the same. Now even the judge did not know what to do.In this part the teacher can give the students some advice to act out. According to this play teacher ask the students several questions: 1. Do you want to be cloned or not? Why? 2
28、. If you are the judge what will you do?3. Can you tell me the advantages of cloning?4. And what is the disadvantage?DiscussionIn this part the students will discuss the relationship between the development of technology and social customs. T: As the technology develops day by day, it has a more and
29、 more important influence on the whole society. Technology affects social customs and ethics, sometimes technology may go against the conventional thinking, then comes the problem that whether we should stop the development of research or change the ethics.S1: As technology develops in almost every
30、field, a lot of our original customs and ethics changed, either because they are out of time or not so scientific. For example millions of years ago human ate meat of animals without heating them. Later people used fire and no longer ate raw meat and they also used fire to scare dangerous animals.S2
31、: I think we could not stop the development of technology, for it may develop in the way which is acceptable by social customs.Look at picturesT: Look at the pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man-made. Then explain how they differ.S: I think the twins are natural
32、clones and the Dolly sheep is man-made.T: You are right! Can you explain how they differ?S: The twins were born at the same time, but the Dolly sheep is man-made.T: Anything else? Who want have a try?S: I think the identical dog is man-made.T: Good job!Step Pre-reading Before class, ask the students
33、 to search for some information about this topic. Now show your questions on the screen, and then let them discuss with each other.T: Now please work in pairs and discuss about cloning. Then list the questions you want to find out. Share your list with your partner.Ss: Yes, sir / madam.Questions abo
34、ut cloning:1. What is a clone?2. How is a clone produced?3. What benefits can humans gain from cloning?4. What problems may arise when humans are cloned?5. Should we clone human?6. Could cloning replace sex as the means of creating new human life?7. Could a parent clone a child who is dying of a ter
35、minal illness?After a few minutes.T: Do you have other questions? Volunteer! S: I have! What is the writers opinion? T: Good job! I think many of you have questions, now let us read the article with the questions.Suggest answers:1. It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant.2. T
36、his happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones, and when small parts of a plant are taken and gown in a laboratory. It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg.3. It can help cure disease and c
37、an help couples who have no baby to bear a new baby.4. There may be more bad people like Hitler.5. In my opinion, I do not agree, for it may cause many moral problems.6. No. Because cloned human has the same quality as the real human, natural born babys quality is higher than his parents. 7. No. The
38、 cloned baby also has the disease.Step While-readingGet the students to comprehend the passage quickly and accurately and meanwhile help the students form a good habit of reading.T: Have you got the answers of your questions? Now please skim the passage fast to obtain a general understanding of the
39、whole passage. While reading, divide the whole passage into several parts and find out the main idea of each part.Show the following. Para. 1 Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant.Para. 2 Cloning has two major uses.Para. 3 The problems of Dolly.Para. 4 The effect of Do
40、lly.Para. 5 It is forbidden to clone human being.Step Post-reading Ask the students to read the passage again to finish three tasks. T: Now lets listen to the tape. While listening, pay more attention to the correct pronunciation and tone. Then read the text by yourselves to get the answers to the t
41、hree tasks. You can work in groups.T: First, what are the problems or dangers of cloning?S: Let me have a try! First, the cloned animals have the same illness of the old animals and the same goes with the other species. Second, the cloned animals have short life and can cause moral questions.T: You
42、are right! And what are the advantages of cloning?S: I know! Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants. Secondly, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. Thirdly, it suddenly opens everyones eyes to the possibility
43、 of using cloning to cure serious illnesses, and even producing human beings.T: What is the writers opinion? What do you think is the writers point of view in this reading passage? Is it in favour of cloning or against it?S1: I think the writer is in favour of it, because there are many advantages o
44、f cloning. It can help people solve many problems in our daily life.S2: I think the writer doesnt agree with it, because if the cloning technology can be used in an evil way, it can cause much trouble to our society. T: The next question: What is your opinion of cloning? Give the reasons.S1: As a co
45、in has two sides, everything has two aspects. First, if the cloning is used in a correct way it can bring many conveniences to us. Such as: curing serious illnesses and being used to produce commercial qualities of plants. On the other hand, if the cloning is used in an evil way it can cause much tr
46、oubles: such as moral questions.S2: My view on cloning and nuclear transfer is that it is ethical. So actually I find no reason to clone presently. I have this opinion currently, because scientists are unable to successfully clone using nuclear transfer as of today. S3: I also have a problem with th
47、e possible effects of using nuclear transfer on a large scale. This is because I fear that cloning could greatly reduce genetic diversity. I believe if we were to interfere with the genetic diversity of an entire population we would undoubtedly fail.S4: As you can see I believe cloning using nuclear
48、 transfer should not be used on humans for any reason. I think if we were to use cloning it should be closely monitored as to what dangers are involved in having copies of people. I also think this technology should not be used until success. S5: I agree that we should develop cloning. Im not afraid
49、 of cloning Hitlers or excited to clone Einsteins. I would say the time and the environment produced Hitler, not his DNA. So you do not need DNA from Hitler to produce a Hitler. In fact, there are Nazis already present. We should make use of cloning to benefit future generations. You can imagine tha
50、t how happy the people are if they can recover from the serious illness or get back the son who has just lost his life in an accident by cloning.T: Good job! Yes, if we our human beings use the scientific technology properly it can bring many advantages to us!S: Why did Dollys appearance raise a sto
51、rm of objections and have a great impact on the media and public imagination? T: Because nothing really prepared the world for the 1997 announcement that a group of Scottish scientists had created a cloned sheep named Dolly. Many folks believe that within the next decade, we will hear a more shockin
52、g announcement of the first cloned human. Scientists in South Korea have already created human embryonic stem cells through cloning. Until now, the idea of human cloning has only been possible through movie magic, but the natural progression of science is making human cloning a true possibility. Wev
53、e cloned sheep, mice and cows, so why not humans? Some countries have set up laws banning cloning, but it is still legal in many countries. Imagine using a piece of your great-grandmothers DNA to create a clone of her. In a sense, you could be the parent of your great-grandmother. This opens the doo
54、r to many ethical problems, but its a door that could soon be opened.S: So what happens next?T: Whatever the reasons, the new cloning technologies have sparked many ethical debates among scientists, politicians and the general public. Several governments have considered or enacted legislation to slo
55、w down, limit or ban cloning experiments outright. It is clear that cloning will be a part of our lives in the future, but the course of this technology has yet to be determined. Cloning could cause birth defects, but its not going to change society. In the absence of any legislation or regulation,
56、cloning attempts will quietly continue. Eventually, cloning will succeed (if it hasnt happened already), and humankind will have taken another step down the road of biological engineering. You young students are the future of the world. You should study hard today, and you will be able to face this
57、difficult problem and know how to deal with it.ExplanationStep HomeworkAsk the students to do the following. 1. Complete the exercises on page 13.2. Recite the key sentences in the text.3. What is Clone? You might not believe it, but there are human clones among us right now. Have you ever wished you could have a clone of yourself to do homework while you hit the skate park or went out with your friends? Imagine if you could really do that. Where would you start?- 8 - 版权所有高考资源网