1、北京市房山区2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题本试卷共 10 页，100 分。考试时长 100 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。第一部分：知识运用 (共两节，45 分)第一节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 共 15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AOne day, when I was a freshman in high school, I saw a kid from my class walking
2、home from school， 1 (carry) all of his books. A bunch of kids were running toward him, knocking all his books out of his arms and making him land in the dirt. His glasses went flying, and I saw them land in the grass about ten feet from him. He looked up and I saw this terrible 2 (sad) in his eyes.
3、So, I ran over to him and 3 (hand) him his glasses. He looked at me and said, “Hey thanks!” There was a big smile on his face, 4 was one of those smiles that showed real gratitude.BMy dearest parents,It 5 (be) quite a long time since the last time we really talked. I know you are very busy trying 6
4、(earn) a living, but all I hope is to have more of your company. There is a lot going on in high school. The academic pressure is huge because my courses are difficult to understand. So, I wish you could encourage me to do better 7 I fail tests. And I wish to see your brightest smiles and applause f
5、or me if I finally win.Best, MaryCThe 24 solar terms originate from the Yellow River basin. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the four solar terms of midspring, midsummer, midautumn and midwinter were identified. The 24 solar terms were 8 (full) established during the Qin and Han Dynasties, and they
6、9 (record) in the book of Huainan Zi. In 104 BC, the TaichuCalendar 10Deng Ping and other people, formally recorded the 24 solar terms and made clear the astronomical position of the 24 solar terms.第二节完形填空 （共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。True ManlinessF
7、red Liscom was a twelve-year-old boy. His mother was very 11 , but his father was away from home. Fred was the person to take care of his mother.One day, Tom Barton, one of Freds classmates, saw him with a 12 in his hand, cleaning the table. He 13 this at school, and Fred received the greeting “Girl
8、 boy!”“Fire! fire!” The 14 spread out one night, and the fire bells began to ring. Fred was 15 by the alarm and he saw the red light streaming into his room. He 16 himself in a moment, and tapped at the door of his mothers bedroom.“It is Mr. Bartons house, Mum. Do let me 17 .” he said in eager, exci
9、ted tones. Mrs. Liscom thought for a moment. He was young, but she could 18 him. “Yes, you may go.” she answered: “But be careful. Dont do 19 things.” Fred promised to follow her advice, and 20 to the fire.Mr. and Mrs. Barton were not at home. The house had been left in charge of the servants. The f
10、ire 21 with fearful speed, for there was a high wind, and it was found impossible to save the house. The servants ran about, screaming but doing nothing to any purpose.Fred found Tom Barton outside. “Where is Katy?” he asked. Tom, trembling with 22 , seemed to have had no thought. He said, “Katy is
11、in the house!” “In what room?” asked Fred. “In that one,” said Tom, pointing to a window in the upper story.It was no time for words, but for 23 . The staircase was already on fire; there was but one way to reach Katy which was full of 24 . The second floor might fall at any moment, and Fred knew it
12、. But he 25 sought help and guidance.A ladder was quickly brought, and placed against the 26 . Fred climbed it, followed by the hired man, dashed in the window, and pushed his way into the room where he found Katy with some 27 . The poor girl lay nearly suffocated（ 窒 息 ）with 28 . Fredmanaged to carr
13、y her to the window as quickly as possible, and placed her upon the sill (窗台). She was immediately grasped, and 29 down the ladder, Fred following as fast as possible. They had scarcely reached the ground before a crash of falling timbers told them thatthey had barely escaped with their lives.Fred s
14、howed us true 30is in harmony with gentleness, kindness, and selflessness.学校： 班级： 姓名： 考号：（18）（本小题共14分） （19）（本小题共14分）请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效 高一数学第2页（共3页） 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效11. A. beautifulB. kindC. strictD. sick12. A. textbookB. dishclothC. toothbrushD. newspaper13. A. reportedB.
15、 followedC. controlledD. criticized14. A. whistleB. secretC. cryD. fire15. A. wakenedB. savedC. disturbedD. challenged16. A. dressedB. seatedC. absentedD. enjoyed17. A. apologizeB. explainC. knowD. go18. A. persuadeB. trustC. remindD. respect19. A. boringB. childishC. uselessD. silly20. A. hesitated
16、B. struggledC. hurriedD. prepared21. A. burnedB. spreadC. movedD. disappeared22. A. terrorB. angerC. reliefD. anxiety23. A. confusionB. thanksC. regretD. action24. A. turnsB. dangerC. plantsD. furniture25. A. suddenlyB. excitedlyC. slowlyD. calmly26. A. staircaseB. windowC. wallD. door27. A. difficu
17、ltyB. uncertaintyC. curiosityD. patience28. A. waterB. illnessC. smokeD. poison29. A. rolledB. carriedC. pushedD. sent30. A. friendlinessB. noblenessC. manlinessD. effectiveness第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A4 Eco-Friendly Bikes to Ride
18、This SummerNowadays, many drivers are searching for more environment-friendly ways to get around and are starting to look back to bikes. Bikes dont require gas. In terms of convenience, bikes can be easier to park and can help riders get their daily exercise in.Companies everywhere are beginning to
19、take the traditional bike and adapt it to peoples needs. Below are eco-friendly bikes to consider adding to your morning ride.1. BamboobikesCcycles produces Bamboo Bikes. The company sources bamboo and carbon fiber joints for their bike frames. Bamboo is ideal for bikes because it can absorb signifi
20、cantly more shockthan carbon fiber. It is also very lightweight compared to traditional bike materials, like steel. But bamboo is incredibly strong and can take on twice the compression force as steel.2. CowboyCow offers Cowboy, a bike hides the battery in its frame under the saddle. The removable b
21、attery takes about two and half hours to charge and has a range of roughly 31 miles, but the best part is the app features. The Cowboy app gives travelers a real time dashboard (仪器板) tocheck out their speed and distance. Riders never need to worry about getting lost since it has navigation and can p
22、ull up your route history from your ride states. This smart tech also gives riders updates about the bikes status. The Cowboy has a high tech locking system so the owner is the only one who can start up the bike.3. The Faraday BicycleFaraday ebikes have a 250W motor, and the battery can be fully cha
23、rged in less than 4 hours. Faraday recently partnered with the organization One Tree Planted to help reforest California after the state underwent serious damage from wildfires that destroyed thousands of acres of land in the area. The company stepped up and donated $100 from every bike sold to plan
24、t 100 trees.4. The Donky BikeWilson, who works for Donky, created The Donky Bike, a practical cargo bike. This bike was designed to easily carry a cargo load on the frame. Like any great workhorse, this bike was built with simple low-maintenance components and has a strong, durable frame.31. Which b
25、ike can show you where you are?A. Cowboy.B. Bamboobikes.C. The Donky Bike.D. The Faraday Bicycle.32. If you want to help reforest California, you can buy a bike from .A. FaradayB. CcyclesC. DonkyD. Cow33. The bike that Wilson created .A. has a 250W motorB. carries a cargo on the frameC. is lightweig
26、ht but strongD. has a battery under the saddleBJourney to the WestIf you have a dream, go for it.My dad talked of the jewel in Chinas western part, Tibet Autonomous Region. Tibet was a region I wanted to see and discover but its remoteness and my inability to find the right time to go delayed my jou
27、rney. After a few talks with my dad, we decided to take a pause in our lives for a few weeks in July 2019 to start an amazing adventure.We started our journey on a Saturday morning at the Guangzhou train station in south China. We started the first leg of the journey admiring the mysterious mountain
28、s of south China. The next day it changed quite suddenly to the dry, waterless landscape of central-west China as we passed through Shanxi and Gansu provinces. That evening we arrived at Xining, Qinghai Province, where we got onto the Xining-Lhasa train.We were greeted on the train with Tibetan yogu
29、rt. The train signs were also written in Tibetan, the beautiful handwriting matched its environment and people. The following afternoon we arrived in Lhasa. Lhasa, one of the highest-altitude cities in the world, is a gem hidden on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We started our tour of the jewel by explo
30、ring the palace and watching local people do morning prays and dances in the park. Overlooking the Jokhang Temple, we enjoyed an amazingly beautiful breathtaking view, just like we had been in the fairyland. Its a stunning (令人震惊的) golden temple in the middle of old Lhasa, which wevisited next before
31、 wandering in the old quarters and Barkhor Street in the evening. Barkhor Street is the ideal place to try local food and buy local products.The following day, we started our journey to the Qomolangma base camp by road from Lhasa. Along the way we stopped to admire the beautiful Yamdrok Lake, a huge
32、 freshwater lake that is one of the three largest sacred lakes (圣湖) in Tibet. Yaks (牦牛) in blankets and bells at the lake made for a picturesque impression of perfect countryside Tibet.About a week later, the highlight came in the afternoon when we arrived at the Qomolangma base camp. We were stayin
33、g in a guesthouse just next to the base camp. After dropping off our backpacks, we headed straight outside to see the magnificent Mt Qomolangma. There it was, the top of the mountain peeking through the clouds, astonishing us with its unbelievable height. We enjoyed the mountain waves and saw the be
34、autiful clouds separated until the sunset over the peak, feeling I would have regretted for the rest of my life if I hadnt made the journey.34. The author wanted to go to Tibet Autonomous Region because .A. his father wanted him to travel thereB. his father thought it was worth visitingC. he was int
35、erested in the mysterious placeD. he wanted to go to the farthest place of China35. The author thought the most exciting part of the journey was visiting .A. Jokhang TempleB. Barkhor StreetC. Yamdrok LakeD. Mt Qomolangma36. The underlined word “gem” in the fourth paragraph means .A. smart geniusB. p
36、recious stoneC. unique templeD. beautiful grassland37. The author wrote this passage to tell us .A. beautiful views are worth the risk you takeB. if you have a dream, you should try to make it happenC. you can finally achieve your dream if you put your heart on itD. traveling ten thousand miles is b
37、etter than reading ten thousand booksCClimate Change Requires the Worlds AttentionIn 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norways Arctic island of Svalbard. According to the scientists who found its dead body all that remained of the polar bear wa
38、s “skin and bones”. An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel great
39、er distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earths ecology.Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”, which has
40、two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect, which helps keep the earth warm enough for people, plants and animals to live on, refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earths surface as sh
41、ort-wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane (沼气) and carbon dioxide, trapsome of the heat, keeping Earths climate warm and habitable. Without this process, Earth could not sustain life. However, the man-made gre
42、enhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earths surface temperature to rise quickly.There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature
43、 has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay. In
44、fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heat waves causing deaths and economic losses.Continued greenhouse gas emissions (排放) will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. Gove
45、rnments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures toreduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” byrestricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to e
46、ducate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because it is all of us that share this planet. So what will you do to help?38. The dead polar bear was mentioned in the first paragraph to ?A. show polar bears are endangeredB. raise the problem of global warmingC. raise the a
47、wareness of protecting animalsD. warn people of the damage caused by travelling39. What is causing the rise of Earths surface temperature?A. Methane.B. Carbon dioxide.C. Heat from the sun.D. Man-made heat energy.40. The rise of Earths surface temperature may result in .A. higher cost of livingB. bet
48、ter growth of plantsC. more extreme weather eventsD. speeding of animal reproduction41. The last paragraph mainly tells us that .A. policies are important to stop carbon dioxide emissionsB. the long-lasting effects of climate change is very seriousC. everyone should take action to reduce greenhouse
49、gas emissionsD. it is the governments duty to control the process of global warmingDA number of studies show that sports and other physical activities can contribute to the development of self-esteem (a feeling of pride in oneself). For example, Canadian scientists found that sixth-grade students wh
50、o were more physically active had considerably higher levels of self-esteem. A study in Switzerland found that teenagers who took part in sports clubs were healthier, including being better socially adjusted, feeling less anxious, and generally being happier about their lives. Similar findings were
51、reported in a study of Latino students, where participation in school sport was found to be greatly associated with self-esteem.There seems little doubt that part of the potency (潜能) of sports lies in their social setting. There are a lot of facts showing the importance of social connectedness (关联性)
52、 for healthychild and teenager development, and sports offer a popular and engaging setting for social interactions. Involvement in team sports has been positively associated with social acceptance and a sense of belonging, especially where such involvement is characterized by positive coaching, pro
53、gressive skill development, and peer support.But, the social setting of sports can exclude as well as include. There is now evidence that boys and girls experiences of sports can be very different, and this can affect the contribution they can make to the self-esteem of players. Peer acceptance seem
54、s to be an important factor in determining the relationship between sport participation and self-esteem, and girls can be particularly sensitive to negative judgments. And studies have found that many girly boys and girls benefit most from non-competitive physical activities.So, a note of caution ou
55、ght to be sounded in case sports are considered to be a cure. Much of the literature on the most positive psychological (心理的) outcomes associated with childhood and youth sports stress the absolute importance of positive experiences. It will surprise no one that bullying, excluding or abuse experien
56、ces will harm, rather than support thedevelopment of self-esteem, and well-being in general. Sadly, it will also not be a shock to learnthat many childrens introductions to sports are far from improving the quality of life.The great developmental psychologist Jean Piaget argued that the foundations
57、of self-esteem were laid between the ages of about 6 and 11 years of age. Importantly, this is also the time when children are most likely to be introduced to sports. We should know the importance of positive early sporting experiences for the development of both self-esteem and on-going participati
58、on in sports and other physical activities. Teachers, coaches, and parents have a responsibility to ensure that these experiences catch as many children as possible, and for this to happen they need to remember the principles of child development: Children are not mini-adults.Problems arise when adu
59、lts forget these principles, and kid themselves into thinking that they are coaching future Olympians or Super stars. Unluckily, evidence suggests that talented children are most likely to stand out when they are given time to develop, to play, and to remain children.Children are not miniature adult
60、s, and their enjoyment of sports (and their self-esteem) can suffer when adults forget this!42. Studies in Switzerland and Latino showed teenagers who often join in sports .A. build self-esteem earlierB. have more good experiencesC. are more sensitive to judgmentsD. are healthier both physically and
61、 mentally43. In general, the authors attitude toward the influence of sports on teenagers is .A. positiveB. criticalC. uncertainD. tolerant44. According to the author, when children take part in sports, they .A. will be happier about their livesB. are more likely to be attracted by competitive sport
62、sC. should be treated by coaches and parents as super starsD. will build self-esteem if given positive comment and support45. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Children Should Take Part in SportsB. Sports Offer You a Better Teenage LifeC. Sports Experience and Buildin
63、g Self-EsteemD. People Should Treat Teenagers Like Miniature Adults第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Travel Is Good For Your HealthAmericans are losing their vacation days, leading to more stress, anxiety and other negative effects because of not taking time off fr
64、om work. In fact, a report by Project: Time Off, shows U.S. employees took about 16 vacation days in 2013, down from about 20 in 2000. Apart from taking away yourself the chance to improve your productivity and work performance, not taking a break can lead to overloaded stress and other potentially
65、damaging. 46 After all, vacations offer the chance to relax and restore your health. 47 You should travel to new places because traveling somewhere new can enable you to put yourself in new surroundings and recharge your brain power. 48 According to Dr. Margaret J. King, the director of the Center f
66、or Cultural Studies & Analysis, “There are lots of psychological benefits when you travel from home and work to third places, not just experiencing the environment. With a short list of activities each day, freed up from the projects and relationships, the mind can reset, as does the body, with stre
67、ss relief the main outcome.” she says.Little sleep mixed with high stress can lead to anger and negative consequences on your cognitive performance and efficiency. Max Hirshkowitz, chairman of the board of the National Sleep Foundation says a vacation is a great opportunity to catch up on sleep. 49
68、“Keep that time,” he says. “Make it an important thing you need.”Many studies suggest that travel can improve our emotional state. A 2014 survey conducted by Diamond Resorts International found over three-quarters of people said feeling happier when they planned a trip at least once a year. Dr. Leig
69、h Vinocur, a certified physician and spokesperson for the American College of Emergency Physicians, isnt surprised by the findings. “Its hard to sit on a beautiful beach somewhere and think about paperwork or deadlines. That is why over three-quarters of people to the Diamond Resorts International s
70、urvey reported feeling happier when they regularly had a vacation. Regular vacations while taking time for yourself and your family lowers your stress level. 50 ,” she says. Besides, studies show that looking back on the pleasant vacation may keep happiness long after your trip.A. They have bad effe
71、cts on your health, experts say.B. Traveling has many advantages, with stress relief topping the list.C. Travelers may be more active than sitting in an office chair all day.D. Travel can help us reset our emotions and actually increase compassion.E. But simply taking some time from your demanding w
72、orkday schedule isnt enough.F. To feel more energized, the NSF recommends at least seven hours of sleep per night for adults.G. It also decreases the production of all the stress hormones that contribute to damaging our health.第三部分：书面表达（15 分）假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友 Peter 对科学研究感兴趣，他来信请你介绍一位中国的科学家及其研究成果
73、。请你给他回信，内容包括：1. 科学家的姓名;2. 科学家的研究成果；3. 该研究成果的意义。注意：1. 词数不少于 50；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Peter,Yours, Li Hua房山区20192020学年度第二学期期末检测参考答案高一英语答案2020. 6第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）1. carrying 2. sadness 3. handed 4. which 5. has been/is 6. to earn7.if /when 8.fully 9. were recorded 10. by
74、评分原则1.写出正确答案的同时，如出现影响理解的冗余信息，不得分；如不影响理解，不扣分。2.大小写扣0.5分。3.拼写错误不得分。4.语态考点里如出现时态错误，不得分。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）11.D12.B13.A14.C15.A16.A17.D18.B19.D20.C21.B22.A23.D24.B25.D26.C27.A28.C29.B30.C第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）31.A 32.A33.B34.C35.D36.B37.B38.B39.D40.C41.C42.D43.A44.D45.C第二节（共5小题
75、；每小题2分，共10分）46. A47. E48. B49. F50. G第三部分：书面表达（15分）第一节（15分）一、评分原则：1本题总分15分，按4个档次给分。2评分时，根据文章内容和语言质量初步确定档次，以档次的要求来确定分数。3评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。4拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可以接受。5词数少于50，从总分中减去1分。二、内容要点：1科学家是谁; 2.科学家的研究成果；3. 该研究成果的意义。三、各档次的给分范围和要求分值评分标准说明第一档(13分-15分)完全完成了试题规定的任
76、务。内容完整，条理清楚；交际得体，表达充分考虑了交际的需求；体现出较强语言运用能力。完全达到了预期的写作目的。第二档(9分-12分)基本完成了试题规定的任务。内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；所用语法和词汇满足了任务的要求；语法和用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。第三档(4分-8分)未恰当完成试题规定的任务。内容不完整；所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写内容的理解。未能清楚地传达信息。第四档(1分-3分)未完成试题规定的任务。写了少量相关信息；语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。0未能传达任何信息；写的内容与要求无关。Possible V
77、ersion Dear Peter,I know from your letter that you are interested in scientific research. Do you know Tu Youyou? Tu Youyou and her team discovered the antimalarial substance qinghaosu, one of the worlds most-effective malaria-fighting drugs from sweet wormwood. And she volunteered to be the first hu
78、man subject. It was safe, so she did successful experiments with human patients. She won the 2015 Nobel Prize for discovering the medicine that has significantly reduced the death rates for patients suffering from malaria.If you want to know more scientists and their research, do let me know.Yours,Li hua
