1、2021高考英语阅读之长难句分析与练习（四）Exercise 1：长难句分析1. Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, genetically modified (GM 转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world, mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis. 【句式翻译】 【句
2、式分析】 【词语点拨】basis n. 基础；构成短语：on the basis of 以为基础 不要以相貌取人。 史密斯先生定期去健身房。【语法点拨】现在完成时的被动语态，具体用法参见第11句。2. At nine oclock on Saturday morning, Ill be sitting in the front row and listening to the great professor Willard talking about the future of my brain. 【句式翻译】 【句式分析】 【词语点拨】listen vi. 听（后面常接介词to） 你怎么说他
3、也不听. 今天下午我们要去听报告。【语法点拨】将来进行时的构成：will be doing，表示“将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作”。常用延续性动词,常用来表示礼貌的询问、请求等。如： 部长将就国际事务发表演讲。 明天8点到10点之间请不要给我打电话，我那时正在上课。3. The recent case of an American women, Terri Schiavo, whose husband won a legal battle to have her taken off life support machines after she spe
4、nt 15 years in a coma-like state, has exposed the many sensitive legal and medical issues that surround the care of coma patients. 【句式翻译】 【句式分析】 【词语点拨】1) sensitive adj.敏感的；易受影响的 婴儿对母亲声音的最细小变化都很敏感。 我的牙齿对冷热真地很敏感。2) surround vt. 包围；环绕, 围绕 你会发现，幸福其实就是在你身边。 这些图像给参观者产生身处野生动物之中的感觉。【语法点拨】have sth done有三种含义：
5、1)请别人做某事，相当于get sth done 2)遭受一种不幸3)完成某项工作；在这一结构中，done做宾补，和宾语sth之间是被动关系。如： 我们立刻请人把电脑修好了。 昨晚我的手表被偷了。另外，have sb do.让某人去做，have sb doing让一直做；在这两个结构中，do和doing和宾语之间都是主动关系。如： 我要朋友在公园门口等我。 那两个人让灯通宵亮着。4. The ski resort where Mr. Wei works cost nearly $4m to set up and as so often in China when someone comes u
6、p with a good idea, many others hash in and price wars break out.【解析】 【翻译】 5. Science cant explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure (血压) and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round go
7、od cheer.【解析】 【翻译】 Exercise 2：阅读练习Food festivals around the worldStilton Cheese RollingMay Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the 2,000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include cheese rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four, dressed in a variety
8、of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors lane（赛道）. Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understand
9、ably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones). All the competitors arc served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment for Stilton cheese.Fiery Foods FestivalThe Hottest Festival on EarthEvery year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from
10、 as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addictionfood that is not just spicy（辛辣）,but hot enough to make your mouth burn, your head spin and your eyes water. Their destination is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three clays every M
11、arch. You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepperofficially the hottest pepper in the worldor any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one things for sureif you dont like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isnt for you!La TomatinaThe Worlds Biggest Food Fi
12、ghtOn the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bunol hosts Ea Tomatinathe worlds largest food fight. A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the weeks events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoesofficial fight-start
13、ers get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd.The battle lasts little more than half an hour, in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back. Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends againand for a much-n
14、eeded wash!1.In the Stilton cheese rolling competition, competitors on each team must .A.wear various formal clothesB.roll a wooden cheese in their own laneC.kick or throw their cheeseD.use a real cheese weighing about four kilos2.Where is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival held?A.In New Mexico.B.In th
15、e Caribbean.C.In Australia.D.In China.3.The celebration of La Tomatina lasts .A.three daysB.seven daysC.less than three daysD.more than seven days4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine.B.More than 10
16、,000 Chinese take pail in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.C.Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.D.An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina.参考答案1.【句式翻译】自从二十世纪九十年代早期首次投入市场以来，转基因食物就不断地在很多国家开发和销售，主要是基于想要结束世界粮食危机。【句式分析】本句是一个含有since引导的时间状语从句
17、的复合句，have been developed and marketed是现在完成时的被动语态形式。Dont evaluate a person on the basis of appearance. Mr. Smith goes to the gym on a regular basis. 2 .【句式翻译】星期六上午九点钟，我将会坐在前排，聆听伟大的威拉德教授谈论大脑的未来发展。【句式分析】本句是简单句，运用了将来进行时，含有一个复合宾语的结构，talking about在句中作宾补。Whatever you said, he simply wouldnt listen. Were go
18、ing to listen to a report this afternoon. The minister will be giving a speech on international affairs. Please dont call me between 8:00 and 10:00 tomorrow. Ill be having my classes then. 3.【句式翻译】最近一位美国妇女Terri Schiavo的案例已经暴露出许多关于对昏迷病人的护理的敏感的司法和医学问题，她的丈夫打赢了一场官司，在她在昏迷状态下度过15年之后，把她与她的生命供应机切断了。【句式分析】本句
19、是复合句，主语是The recent case，谓语是has exposed，关系代词whose在句中引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Terri Schiavo；关系代词that在句中引导一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词issues，taken off在句中作宾补。A baby is sensitive to the slightest changes in its mothers voice. My teeth are really sensitive to hot and cold.You will discover that you are surrounded by happines
20、s. The video images made the visitors feel they were surrounded with wild life. We had the computer repaired immediately. I had my watch stolen last night. I would have my friend wait for me at the gate of the park. The two men had their lights burning all night long. 4. 【解析】where引导了一个小的定语从句，when引导了
21、一个状语从句，由此构成了这个句子。【翻译】魏先生工作的滑雪场将近花费了4百万，并且在中国，当其他人想出了一个主意，其他人就会爆发一场声势浩大的价格战。5. 【解析】本句是由表转折but连接的并列句。前一分句是一个简单句，but的后一分句中，主干是many studies have shown that, that引导一个宾语从句，而这个宾语从句又是由一个较为复杂的简单句构成：动词help后面接的是四个省略to的并列宾语lowerand raise, reduceand spread。【翻译】科学无法解释宠物的力量，不过很多研究表明，有宠物的陪伴能帮助降低血压和增加心脏病发作后康复的机会，减少孤
22、独感，并向周围传递喜悦的心情。【解析】本文是一篇说明文，分别讲述了英国、新墨西哥以及巴西的几个关于食物的传统节日。1.细节理解题。根据短文第一段Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes , roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course.四个队伍，穿着滑稽搞笑的衣服，在50米的路程中卷一个完整的奶酪，以及后面but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones这个奶酪是木头的，所以在斯蒂尔
23、顿奶酪滚动比赛中，每个队的参赛者必须在自己的跑道上滚动一个木制的奶酪。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico.可以知道这是在新墨西哥发生的事情，从段落中第三句Their destination is the Fiery Eood and BBQ Festival可以知道人们到新墨西哥是为了参加Fiery food festival.所以Fiery Food and BBQ在新墨西哥州举行。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句A
24、week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the weeks events.可知，为期一周的庆祝活动将引发一场激动人心的番茄大战，这是本周活动的亮点。所以西红柿大战这个西班牙的节日的持续时间是一周，故选B。4.细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二个破折号后面的文字or any one of the thousands of products that are on show.可以知道你可以任意品尝展出的上千种的食物，所以成千上万的辛辣食物在Fiery Eood and BBQ节上展出。故选C。