1、江苏省2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高三新高考模拟测试卷(四)英语试题(考试时间：120分钟；满分：150分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。()1. Why does the man need a map?A. To tour Manchester. B. To find a restaurant. C. To learn about China.
2、()2. What does the woman want to do for vacation?A. Go to the beach. B. Travel to Colorado. C. Learn to snowboard.()3. What will the man probably do?A. Take the job. B. Refuse the offer. C. Change the working hours.()4. What does the woman say about John?A. He wont wait for her. B. He wont come home
3、 today.C. He wont be on time for dinner.()5. What will the speakers probably do next?A. Order some boxes. B. Go home and rest. C. Continue working.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答
4、第6和第7题。()6. How does the woman usually go to work? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train.()7. What do the speakers agree about taking the train?A. It is safer. B. It is faster. C. It is cheaper.听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。()8. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Save up for the car. B. Go to another car deal
5、er.C. Ask someone to check the car.()9. What is the salesman going to do?A. Give a discount. B. Stick to a high price. C. Ask for cash payment.()10. How will the man help the woman?A. Lend money to her. B. Drive her car home. C. Take care of her car.听第8段材料，回答第11至第13题。()11. What does the woman think
6、of the living expenses in the city?A. Fairly low. B. Just okay. C. Very high.()12. What does the woman spend most on?A. Meals. B. Trains. C. Clothes.()13. What does the woman do in her free time? A. See films. B. Travel around. C. Go for a drink.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。()14. What will Rebecca do on June 12
7、?A. Go on a business trip. B. Organise a trade exhibition.C. Meet the people from Head Office.()15. What is John preparing for the meeting?A. A report. B. A timetable. C. A speech.()16. When do the speakers decide to have the meeting?A. On June 3. B. On June 10. C. On June 17.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。()17.
8、 What did the speaker decide to do after lunch that day?A. Stay to help her friend. B. Walk alone to her car. C. Wait for the rain to stop.()18. What can we learn about the speaker then?A. She worked at a hotel. B. She had bought a new car. C. She was having a baby soon.()19. Where did the speaker m
9、eet the taxi passenger?A. At a crossroads. B. In front of a hotel. C. Besides a car park.()20. What does the speaker talk about?A. An exciting lunch party. B. A wellknown short story. C. An unforgettable experience.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AOld
10、Falls MoviesJune 28thBeauty & the BeastDisneys classic takes on a new form, with a widened fairy tale and an allstar cast. A young prince, imprisoned in the form of a beast, can be freed only by true love. What may be his only opportunity arrives when he meets Belle, the only human girl to ever visi
11、t the castle since his being turned into a beast.July 12thThe Emoji(表情) MovieThe Emoji Movie unlocks a secret world inside your smartphone. Hidden within the messaging app is Textopolis, a city where all your favourite emojis live with only one facial expression except Gene who has multiple expressi
12、ons. Determined to become “normal” like the other emojis, Gene asks Hi5 and Jailbreak to help through the apps on the phone to find the Code that will fix him.July 19thJumanji：Welcome to the JungleIn a new Jumanji adventure, four kids discover an old video game and are drawn into the games jungle se
13、tting, becoming the adult avatars(化身)To beat the game and return to the real world alive, theyll have to find a map and change the way they think about themselvesor theyll be stuck in the game forever.August 9thPeter RabbitPeter Rabbit, his three sisters and their cousin Benjamin enjoy troubling Mr
14、McGregor in his vegetable garden until he dies. When one of Mr McGregors relatives moves in, he finds much more than he bargained for. What follows is a battle of wills between the new Mr McGregor and the rabbits. However, something happens and his feelings towards them begin to change.()21. When ca
15、n the audience see a film about true love?A. On July 19th. B. On June 28th.C. On August 9th. D. On July 12th.()22. How is Gene special?A. He lives in a secret world alone. B. He can help others through an app.C. He is the favourite emoji of the world. D. He has more than one facial expression.()23.
16、What should adventurers do to win in the game?A. Dress up as adults. B. Discover an old video game.C. Draw a map about the jungle. D. Think about themselves differently.BFive or six years ago, I attended a lecture on the science of attention. A professor who conducts research over in the medical sch
17、ool was talking about attention blindness, the basic feature of the human brain that, when we concentrate on one task, causes us to miss just about everything else. Because we cant see what we cant see, our lecturer was determined to catch us in the act. He had us watch a video of six people tossing
18、(投掷) basketballs back and forth, three in white shirts and three in black, and our task was to keep track only of the tosses among the people in white. The tape rolled, and everyone began counting.Everyone except me. Im dyslexic(患阅读困难症的), and the moment I saw that tape with the confusing basketball
19、tossers, I knew I wouldnt be able to keep track of their movements, so I let my mind wander. I became curious, though, when about 30 seconds into the tape, a gorilla(大猩猩) walked in among the players. She (we later learned a female student was in the gorilla suit) stared at the camera, beat her chest
20、 with her fist, and then went away while they continued passing the balls.When the tape stopped, the professor asked how many people had counted at least a dozen basketball tosses. Hands went up all over. He then asked who had counted 13, 14, and congratulated those whod scored the perfect 15. Then
21、he asked, “And who saw the gorilla？”I raised my hand and was surprised to discover I was the only person at my table and one of only three or four in the large room to do so. Hed set us up, trapping us in our own attention blindness. Yes, there had been a trick, but he wasnt the one who had played i
22、t on us. By concentrating so hard on counting, we had managed to miss the gorilla in the midst.Attention blindness is the fundamental organising principle of the brain, and I believe that it presents us with a great opportunity. My take is different from that of many neuroscientists: Where they see
23、the shortcomings of the individual, I sense an opportunity for cooperation. Fortunately, given the interactive(互动的) nature of most of our lives in the digital age, we have the tools to control our different forms of attention and take advantage of them.Its not easy to admit that everything weve lear
24、ned about how to pay attention means that weve been missing everything else. Its not easy for us logical, intelligent, confident types to admit that the very key to our successour ability to discover a problem and solve it, an achievement obtained in all those years in school and beyondmay be exactl
25、y what limits us. No one ever told us that our way of seeing left out everything else.()24. What can we know about the writer when the tape was played?A. Like everyone else, the writer was counting carefully.B. The writer showed great curiosity about what the players were doing.C. The writer had dif
26、ficulty keeping track of the tossers movements.D. The writer tried hard to stop her mind from wandering.()25. Why did most of the people fail to notice the gorilla in the video?A. They were trapped by the basketball players.B. They focused on the basketball tossing only.C. They did not know what the
27、y were supposed to do.D. They did not listen to the lecture carefully.()26. What does the underlined word “take” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean?A. Preference. B. Impression. C. Scene. D. Understanding.()27. In the writers opinion, attention blindness _A. should be viewed as a shortcoming of the i
28、ndividualB. might be overcome if we can discover problems and solve themC. helps us to become logical, intelligent and confident types of peopleD. makes it possible for us to work together for a shared purposeCWhen a caterpillar(毛虫) pretends to be a snake to keep off potential predators(捕食者), it sho
29、uld probably expect to be treated like one. This is exactly what happened in Costa Rica earlier this year, when researchers witnessed a hummingbird defending its nest from what it interpreted to be a snake, but was actually a caterpillar, which was feeding on a leaf above the nest.These caterpillars
30、 resemble flat dried leaves as adults. They can expand the top of their heads to expose a pair of eyespots that discourage potential predators. When disturbed, they raise their heads up and move from side to side, increasing the snakelike appearance. In particular they resemble green parrot snakes,
31、known to feed on nesting birds.Hummingbirds have a few styles of flying: visiting flowers, feeding on some tiny insects, chasing each other, and mating territory(领土) display flight. Mobbing(围攻) behaviour directed against a threat to their nest is much less common but easy to recognise if you know th
32、eir flight behaviours.The interaction of the caterpillar and the hummingbird took place in Costa Rica. The comings and goings of the female hummingbird around its nest may have disturbed the caterpillar, causing it to expose its eyespots, which in turn caused the hummingbird to defend its nest using
33、 what is referred to as “mobbing behaviour” by birds.The caterpillar was unable to feed during the 26minutes of nearly continuous attacks. Most of the birds movements were cautious, but included quick attacks to peck or bite the eyespots.It was difficult for either the bird or caterpillar to withdra
34、w from the standoff(僵局), with the hummingbird protecting its nest and the caterpillar just trying to finish its leafy meal. Eventually the caterpillar gave up on eating and crawled away while still under attack, and the hummingbird continued normal nesting behaviour.When birds exhibit this mobbing b
35、ehaviour targeting snakes eyes, it often ends with snakes being killed by repeated bites and pecks near the head. As for creatures that imitate snakes to protect themselves from being eaten, can they in turn protect themselves? Because the hummingbirds behaviour was typical antisnake behaviour, it c
36、an be considered replicable(可复制的)Future studies of this behaviour can be conducted using a tiny, caterpillar robot. It should be remotely controlled, light enough to attach to a leaf or stem, and wireless. With such a robot, researchers could vary the eyelike nature and contrast of spots on the head
37、 of the robot to test various responses of nestdefending birds. A study like this could definitively test the effects of eyelike versus other imitating patterning for exciting the defensive attacks.And, it turns out that the caterpillar feeds on a leaf on the same plant, as far away from the nest as
38、 possible!()28. What do we know about caterpillars and hummingbirds from the passage?A. They belong to the same species. B. They are natural enemies of each other.C. They are insects and birds respectively. D. They compete against each other for territory.()29. Hummingbirds will show their mobbing b
39、ehaviour when visitors _A. are picking flowers B. are chasing each otherC. interrupt their eating leaves D. set foot on their territories()30. Why is neither the hummingbird nor the caterpillar willing to withdraw at first?A. Because the hummingbird is trying to finish its leafy meal.B. Because the
40、caterpillar is protecting the hummingbirds nest.C. Because they behave in this way out of their own interest.D. Because there is a green parrot snake watching them.()31. A tiny caterpillar robot can be used to _A. imitate the antisnake behaviourB. test nestdefending birds responsesC. take control of
41、 the snakes behaviourD. guard against the defensive attacksDWhether you survive a cardiac arrest may depend, at least in part, on which emergency medical services(EMS) agency shows up to treat you, a new study suggests.Researchers found a wide variation in cardiac arrest survival rates depending on
42、which EMS agency provided initial treatment, according to the study published in JAMA Cardiology. The odds of surviving to hospital discharge(出院) could vary by more than 50 percent for two similar patients treated by two randomly selected EMS agencies.“We found large outcome variations between EMS a
43、gencies that come after a cardiac arrest even after adjusting for many factors，” said lead author Masashi Okubo, an instructor of emergency medicine at the University of Pittsburgh.The study did not reveal why some EMS agencies did better than others, however.“We need to determine in future research
44、 what are the underlying factors，” Okubo said.Cardiac arrest “is the abrupt loss of heart function, and if appropriate steps are not taken immediately, it most often is fatal，” explained Gregg Fonarow, a professor of cardiovascular medicine and science at the David Geffen School of Medicine at the U
45、niversity of California at Los Angeles. He also is codirector of the UCLA Preventive Cardiology Programme.“Each year in the United States, more than 350，000 cardiac arrests occur outside the hospital setting.”Altogether, the researchers studied 43，656 patients treated from 2011 to 2015 by 112 EMS ag
46、encies. When they looked at how many patients survived long enough to be discharged from the hospital, variations among agencies were quite large: the worst performing agency had 0 survivors out of 36 patients treated, or 0 percent, as compared with 66 survivors out of 228 patients treated, or nearl
47、y 30 percent, for the bestperforming agency.The pattern was similar when it came to recovery of function by the time a patient was discharged from the hospital. The worst performing agency in this category had favourable functional recovery in 0 out of 87 patients, while the best had favourable func
48、tional recovery in 11 out of 54 patients, or 20 percent.“These findings suggest there may be important differences in the quality of resuscitation efforts among different EMS agencies，” Fonarow said in an email.Also, he said, “More layperson interventions(非正式人员干预) such as timely CPR (cardiopulmonary
49、 resuscitation 心肺复苏术) and more EMS personnel responding to cardiac arrest patients were related to better outcomes.”“These findings suggest that dissemination of best practices and use of formal quality improvement programmes by communitybased EMS agencies may help to improve quality and outcomes in
50、 cardiac arrest，” he said. Can anything be done in the meantime?Yes, said Fonarow, who was not involved in the new research. “When performed promptly and properly, CPR can markedly improve the chance of survival for someone having an outofhospital cardiac arrest，” he said. “The best advice that migh
51、t save lives of loved ones if a cardiac arrest occurs is to learn CPR. Anyone can and everyone should learn CPR.”()32. What does the new study tell us?A. EMS agencies have adjusted outcome variations.B. People with cardiac arrest depend on EMS agencies.C. Initial treatment has been provided for card
52、iac arrest patients.D. Cardiac arrest survival is partly determined by certain EMS agencies.()33. According to Okubo, what are they planning to do in future research?A. To determine which EMS agencies are good.B. To reveal the underlying factors of cardiac arrest.C. To find out the hidden reasons fo
53、r better EMS agencies.D. To identify the relationship between different EMS agencies.()34. According to the findings, what leads to better outcomes in cardiac arrest?A. More layperson interventions.B. Better quality in EMS agencies.C. Better practices in CPR.D. More EMS members.()35. What is Fonarow
54、s attitude towards CPR?A. Arbitrary. B. Favourable. C. Contradictory. D. Doubtful.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Useful Memory StrategiesForm associations between new and remembered information. _36_， then you can increase the chance that new memories will be forme
55、d. Try coming up with a familiar picture, song, joke, or rhyme that you can associate with the new material. Form a picture in your mind that includes the new fact._37_. It may be boring, but simply repeating new information over and over in different ways will help it stick in your brain better, es
56、pecially if you space out the repetition over time. For example, if youre trying to remember the definition of a new word, read it several times to yourself. Then speak the definition out loud a couple times, and try writing it down once or twice.Teach someone else the information youre trying to le
57、arn. Teaching others can help you remember and understand things better. Find a classmate or coworker who needs to learn the same information, form a study group, and take turns teaching each other different concepts. _38_！Test yourself after learning something new. _39_. You have to actually practi
58、se finding the information from your memory in order to strengthen the connections within your brain. Be sure to immediately check your answers to make sure youve got them right. _40_， you will be more likely to remember it incorrectly in the future as well, so instantly correct yourself and repeat
59、the right answer a few more times.A. If you answer something wrongB. After the basic information is rightC. Repeat new facts as soon as you come across themD. If you can link new ideas with previously established onesE. Simply rereading the same information isnt good enoughF. Then keep trying effect
60、ive methods and cooperation with othersG. Alternately, ask your friends if theyre willing to learn something new from you第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A Dogs Day in CourtWe used to live about a quarter mile from a train crossing. Our dog,
61、 Lenny, had a very annoying habit: he howled(嗥叫) whenever a train whistled for the crossing, due to his very _41_ hearing. Outside or in the house, he howled and howled _42_ the train went by. When the wind was _43_， he would even howl for the crossings farther down the track. We learned to _44_ the
62、 noise, mainly because we loved our pet so much.Early one morning while we were eating breakfast, we heard a long very high sound of a trains _45_ efforts followed by a terrible crash. We _46_ out and discovered a twisted car jammed on the cowcatcher(排障器) of the massive locomotive(火车头). Unfortunatel
63、y, the driver of the car had died _47_Back in the house, we called the local rescue workers. But we all immediately said to each other, “Lenny didnt howl. The whistle could not have blown！”At the_48_， my brother recognised what was left of the car as that of his friends father and knew the sad news
64、would now have to be _49_ to the family. When the rescue team arrived, my brother told them, “The engineer couldnt have blown the _50_ because our dog did not howl. And he always does！”The story of Lennys howling _51_ rapidly around our small town as everyone shared in the sorrow of the wife and fam
65、ily. Left without the _52_， the family of nine was in a difficult situation. One of the countys bestknown lawyers _53_ to pursue a claim against the, by now, infamous Soo Line Cooperation for the sake of the widow and children. The lawyer hired an investigator and recording technician, who, for days
66、, at all hours, visited our home listening for oncoming trains and _54_ recording Lennys howl. Lenny never failed to respond with his howl to the sharp sound of an approaching train.The taped evidence, presented in court, along with the testimony(证词) of my family members, convinced the judge and jur
67、y. The settlement _55_ to the family secured their home and future. County court records give evidence of the success of a “dogs day in court！”()41. A. sensitive B. public C. accurate D. adequate()42. A. unless B. until C. before D. although()43. A. bitter B. right C. small D. sharp()44. A. keep up
68、with B. give in to C. put up with D. live up to()45. A. speeding B. approaching C. operating D. braking()46. A. headed B. marched C. dashed D. started()47. A. peacefully B. naturally C. eventually D. instantly()48. A. agency B. corner C. scene D. entrance()49. A. confirmed B. conveyed C. declared D.
69、 leaked()50. A. sign B. whistle C. howl D. wind()51. A. circulated B. disappeared C. flowed D. delivered()52. A. assistant B. master C. breadwinner D. host()53. A. happened B. decided C. refused D. demanded()54. A. vividly B. occasionally C. secretly D. faithfully()55. A. donated B. awarded C. alloc
70、ated D. distributed第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese highspeed railways are a very _56_(comfort) way to travel. They are clean, quiet and efficient. China has led other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first highspeed tra
71、in _57_(come) into use in 2008.The stations are _58_(main) built outside the town centre, but local transport has been lengthened _59_(connect) the highspeed network. The facilities on the train are new and the staff are well trained. Even the second class _60_(chair) provide plenty of space. The pa
72、ssages are so wide _61_ you can move without disturbing anyone. You can use your mobile phone, access _62_ Internet or work on your laptop. There is also a restaurant car, though the kinds of food _63_(be) limited. The toilets are large, clean and userfriendly too. The train almost doesnt rock. Even
73、 when the train brakes, you can hardly feel it shake.Whats more, with a faster checkin, the highspeed train are also _64_(little) affected by weather than planes. Seldom are _65_ delayed or cancelled for weather condition. Therefore, they have become the first choice for many passengers.56. _57. _58
74、. _59. _60. _61. _62. _63. _64. _65. _第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假定你是李华，你校最近要为高三毕业生举行成人典礼，你作为学生代表，被要求在典礼上发言。请根据下列要点，写一篇发言稿：1. 感谢父母的养育之恩，感谢老师的培养之情；2. 表达努力学习、争取好成绩的决心；3. 表达为社会、为国家承担责任的意志。注意：1. 词数不少于80；2可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯。_第二节概要写作(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Work is a very important part of l
75、ife in the United States. When the early immigrants came to this country, they brought the idea that work was the way to God and heaven. This attitude still influences America today. Work is not only important for the salary, but also for social and psychological working, being productive. For most
76、Americans, they are what they do. What happens, then, when a person retires at the age of sixtyfive or seventy? Its easy to imagine that retirement is no easy thing. Retirees often feel they are unproductive and no longer needed by others.Once people retire, they may also get into financial trouble.
77、 Many people rely on Social Security checks every month. During their working years, employees contribute a certain percentage of their salaries to the government. When people retire, they receive this money as income. These checks do not provide enough money to live on, however, because prices are
78、increasing very rapidly. After retirement, they have to change their lifestyles. They have to spend carefully to be sure that they can afford to buy food, fuel, and other necessities.Of course, not all senior citizens feel sad when they are in face of retirement. Working for so many years, they even
79、tually have time to spend with their families or to enjoy their hobbies such as reading, travelling or joining some senior citizen clubs. Some continue to work part time; others choose to do volunteer work like helping young people to get started in new business.American government is taking steps t
80、o ease the problems of retired people. They are building new housing, offering discounts in stores and museums and on buses, and providing other services, such as free courses, food service, and help with housework. It is wise to do so. Retired citizens are an important part of the population and th
81、eir special needs must be concerned about. After all, everyone will be a senior citizen someday._江苏省2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高三新高考模拟测试卷(四)英语答案与与解析第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分；共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)15 BAACB610 ABCAB1115 CBACA1620 CBCAC第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)2123 BDD 2427 CBDD2831 CDCB3235 DCBBA【语篇解
82、读】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四部老电影的上映日期及其剧情梗概。21. B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“A young prince，imprisoned in the form of a beast，can be freed only by true love.”可知，美女和野兽是一部关于真爱的电影，上映日期是6月28日，故B项正确。22. D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Hidden within the messaging app is Textopolis，a city where all your favourite emojis live with only one
83、 facial expression except Gene who has multiple expressions.”可知，吉恩的特别之处在于他有多种面部表情，故D项正确。23. D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“To beat the game and return to the real world alive，theyll have to find a map and change the way they think about themselvesor theyll be stuck in the game forever.”可知，要想游戏通关，活着回到现实世界，冒险者们必
84、须要改变对自己的看法，故D项正确。B【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，当我们努力集中在一件事情上时，我们容易错过别的一切，这被称为“注意力盲区”，但是作者认为它提供了很好的机会，生活在数字时代的我们有能力利用它。24. C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Everyone except me.so I let my mind wander.”可知，播放磁带的时候，作者很难追踪到这些球员的一举一动。故选C。25. B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When the tape stopped.a dozen basketball tosses.”可知，因为过多地集中在数投球次数上，大部分人
85、未能注意到视频中的大猩猩。故选B。26. D解析：词义猜测题。根据下文“Where they see the shortcomings of the individual, I sense an opportunity for cooperation.”可知，在别人看到一个人的缺点的时候，作者感觉到的是合作的机会。因此推断作者的理解与许多神经学家的理解不一样。take此处的意思是：理解，与understanding意义相近。故选D。27. D解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Where they see the shortcomings of the individual, I sense
86、 an opportunity for cooperation.”可知，作者认为在别人看到缺点的地方，有合作的机会。因此推断作者认为注意力盲区使我们有可能为共同的目的而合作。故选D。C【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究人员观察到蜂鸟为了护巢，攻击伪装成蛇的毛虫，伪装的毛虫有膨胀的头和眼点，于是研究人员就想明确地测试类似眼睛和其他模仿模式对激发防御攻击的影响。28. C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，hummingbird(蜂鸟)需要保护自己的巢不受蛇的破坏，蛇其实是caterpillar(毛虫)伪装的，毛虫只是为了吃鸟巢上方的叶子，但是为了躲避攻击，假扮成蛇，故选C。毛虫与蜂鸟不是天敌
87、关系，排除B，也不互相争夺领地，排除D。29. D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mobbing(围攻) behaviour directed against a threat to their nest”及第四段的第二句“The comings and goings of the female hummingbird . defend its nest using what is referred to as mobbing behaviour by birds.”可知，蜂鸟的围攻行为是为了保护巢，即它们的领地，故选D。30. C解析：细节理解题。根据第六段可知，蜂鸟需要保护自己的巢，毛虫
88、为了进食，所以双方僵持不下。它们的表现都是出于保护自身的利益，故选C。31. B解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句“With such a robot, researchers could vary the eyelike nature and contrast of spots on the head of the robot to test various responses of nestdefending birds.”可知，毛虫机器人可以用来测试护巢鸟类的反应。故选B。D【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，心脏骤停者是否能够存活，至少在一定程度上取决于紧急医疗服务(
89、EMS)机构为你提供的治疗。根据发表在美国医学会心脏病学(JAMA Cardiology)上的研究，研究人员发现，根据EMS机构提供的初始治疗，心脏骤停存活率存在很大差异。32. D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，这项新研究告诉我们，心脏骤停后的存活取决于某些EMS机构所提供的治疗。故选D。33. C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“The study did not reveal why some EMS agencies did better than others，however. We need to determine in future research what are the
90、 underlying factors， Okubo said.”可知，据Okubo介绍，他们未来的研究计划是为了找出一些EMS比其他机构做得好的隐藏原因。故选C。34. B解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“These findings suggest that dissemination of best practices and use of formal quality improvement programmes by communitybased EMS agencies may help to improve quality and outcomes in cardiac ar
91、rest， he said.”可知，根据这些发现，我们可推知“基于社区的EMS机构医院质量更高”导致了更好的结果。故选B。35. B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The best advice that might save lives of loved ones if a cardiac arrest occurs is to learn CPR. Anyone can and everyone should learn CPR.”可知，Fonarow对CPR的态度是“赞成的”。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)3640DCGEA【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。
92、文章向读者介绍了四种有用的记忆策略。36. D解析：考查段中句。这个空格后标点符号是逗号，所以空格处填写的是半句话，只能从A、B、D中选择。根据文章的篇章结构可知，每段段首句是本段内容的中心。第一段中心为：在新知识和已经记住的知识之间建立联系。选项D中的“link new ideas with previously established ones”与这一中心思想一致，故选D。37. C解析：考查段首句。根据文章的篇章结构可知，每段段首句是本段内容的中心。由第二句内容(可能有点烦，但是用不同的方式简单地一遍一遍地重复新的信息将会帮助它更好地留在你的大脑中)可知，本段主要讲“repeating
93、new information”。选项C中的“Repeat new facts”与这一关键词一致，故选C。38. G解析：考查段尾句。根据段落内容与段落中心句一致原则解题。段落中心内容为：把你正在学的东西教给别人。选项G中的“ask your friends if theyre willing to learn something new from you”与段落中心句一致，故选G。39. E解析：考查段中句。本段中心内容为：学完新的内容之后检测一下你自己。选项E的内容(简单地重复阅读相同的信息不是很好。)与中心内容意思一致，是正反两种不同的描述。故选E。40. A解析：考查段中句。这个空格后
94、标点符号是逗号，所以空格处填写的是半句话，只能从A、B中选择。选项A中的“answer something wrong”与下句中的“be more likely to remember it incorrectly”呼应，故选A。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每题1分，满分15分)4145 ABBCD 4650 CDCBB5155 ACBDB【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者家的狗Lenny由于敏感的听力对过往火车的鸣笛声都会嗥叫，在一次事故中作为有力的证据被送到法庭，帮助受害者打赢了官司。41. A解析：sensitive“敏感的”；public“公
95、众的”；accurate“精确的”；adequate“充足的”。此处指无论什么时候火车鸣笛经过十字路口，我们家的狗Lenny由于敏感的听力都会嗥叫，故选A。42. B解析：不管Lenny在室内还是室外，它会一直嗥叫，直到火车过去。此处指直到火车过去才停止，until“直到为止”，故选B。43. B解析：bitter“苦的”；right“正确的”；small“小的”；sharp“锋利的”。此处指风向对的时候，即顺风的时候，它的声音在轨道很远的地方都能听到。故选B。44. C解析：keep up with“跟上”；give in to“屈服于，向让步”；put up with“忍受”；live u
96、p to“不辜负”。我们学着忍受这种噪音，主要是因为我们太爱我们的狗了。此处表示忍受，故选C。45. D解析：speed“加速”；approach“接近”；operate“操作”；brake“刹车”。我们听到火车刹车的声音持续了很长一段时间，紧接着是一场可怕的车祸。此处指刹车声，故选D。46. C解析：head“率领”；march“前进”；dash“猛冲”；start“出发”。此处指听到车祸声我们马上冲出去，故选C。47. D解析：peacefully“和平地”；naturally“自然地”；eventually“最后”；instantly“立即”。此处指汽车司机当场死亡，故选D。48. C解
97、析：agency“代理”；corner“角落”；scene“场面，情景”；entrance“入口”。at the scene指在现场，即上文提到的车祸现场，故选C。49. B解析：confirm“确认”；convey“传达”；declare“宣布”；leak“泄露”。这个不幸的消息将要传达给他的家人，表示传达消息，故选B。50. B解析：sign“签署”；whistle“鸣笛”；howl“嗥叫”；wind“缠绕”。此处指火车司机没有鸣笛，根据上文的“whenever a train whistled for the crossing”可知答案，故选B。51. A解析：circulate“传播，
98、流传”；disappear“消失”；flow“流动”；deliver“递送”。此处指Lenny嗥叫的故事很快在我们小镇传播，指传播消息，故选A。52. C解析：assistant“助手”；master“主人”；breadwinner“养家糊口的人”；host“主持人，主人”。没有了养家糊口的人，这家9口人陷入了困境。此处指遇难的司机，故选C。53. B解析：happen“发生”；decide“决定”；refuse“拒绝”；demand“要求”。我们这里最好的律师之一决定为了可怜的寡妇和孩子们向Soo Line Cooperation索赔。此处表示决定做某事，故选B。54. D解析：vividl
99、y“生动地”；occasionally“偶尔”；secretly“秘密地”；faithfully“如实地”。律师雇用了一个调查员每天在我们家听来往的火车，并如实地记录Lenny的嗥叫声。指如实记录，故选D。55. B解析：donate“捐献”；award“(赔偿)裁决”；allocate“分配”；distribute“分发，分配，分销”。最后事情的处理确保了这一家人的生活和未来。指法庭的裁决，故选B。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国高铁在世界上处于领先地位，同时也介绍了其优势。56. comfortable解析：考查形容词。句意
100、：中国高铁是一种很舒服的旅行方式。修饰名词way用形容词，故用comfortable。57. came解析：考查动词的时态。句意：自从中国第一条高铁在2008年投入使用以来，中国在这一领域领先其他发展中国家，甚至一些发达国家。主句为现在完成时，从句中含有since，应用一般过去时，故用came。come into use“投入使用”。58. mainly解析：考查副词。句意：高铁站主要修在市郊，但是市区的交通已经延伸到高铁站，以连接全国高铁网络。修饰动词build用副词，故用mainly。59. to connect解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上题。分析句子可知，connect作目的状语，故用
101、to connect。60. chairs解析：考查名词。句意：即使是二等座的椅子也有相当宽敞的空间。分析句子可知，本句缺乏主语，chair为可数名词且谓语动词为原形，故用其复数形式chairs。61. that解析：考查状语从句。句意：通道是如此宽敞，你可以经过的时候不用打扰别人。本句为“so.that.”结构，意为“如此以至于”，故用that。62. the解析：考查冠词。句意：同样，你可以在高铁上使用手机，连上互联网，用笔记本办公。此处的access是及物动词，access the Internet意为“上网”。63. are解析：考查主谓一致。句意：高铁上有餐车，尽管食物种类有限制。分
102、析句子可知，本句主语为kinds，复数形式，故谓语动词需用复数形式，陈述一般事实，故用一般现在时，故用are。64. less解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：另外，由于快速检票，与飞机相比，高铁受天气的影响更小。本句为比较级结构，需用比较级形式，故用less。65. they解析：考查代词。句意：因此，高铁很少因为天气的原因延迟或取消。分析句子可知，本句缺乏主语，根据前文可知，本段描述高铁的优势之处，故用they。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)One possible version：Good morning, ladies and gentlemen，I a
103、m greatly honoured to speak on behalf of my schoolmates at this comingofage ceremony. First of all, lets express our gratitude to both our parents and teachers for what they have done for us to bring us up. Without their support and love, we would not be as grownup as we are today. To pay back, we s
104、hould spare no effort to work hard in every subject so that we can be admitted into our dream universities. It goes without doubt that only by acquiring as much advanced knowledge as possible can we shoulder more responsibilities not only for the society but also for the future of our country. Dear
105、parents and teachers, you will be proud of us.Thank you.第二节概要写作(满分25分)One possible version：Work plays an extremely important role in American culture, so people find retirement difficult as they may feel useless without jobs. Retirement can also bring financial problems as Social Security checks don
106、t provide enough money. However, some senior citizens feel happy about retirement as they finally get time to do what they really want. American government is solving retired citizens problems and concerning their special needs, which is wise and necessary, because everyone will get old.听力材料Text 1M:
107、 Jane, do you have a map of Manchester? I want to find a good place to eat.W: Why not try Chinatown? There are plenty of good Chinese restaurants there, and its near here.Text 2M: Lets do something different for vacation this year. Oh, lets go to Colorado. I want to learn to snowboard.W: Oh, Paul, y
108、ou know I dont like cold weather. Cant we go someplace warm, like the beach?Text 3W: This job is for three days a week: Monday, Friday, and Saturday. Are you Okay with that?M: Mmm. I was hoping to have Saturday free. But I need the job, so. can you tell me what exactly I will do?Text 4M: Do you know
109、 if Johns coming home for dinner?W: Hell be late. He said not to wait for him.Text 5W: Im really tired from packing all these boxes for three hours. Its about time to call it a day.M: I know. Maybe we could do it first tomorrow morning.W: Why not? These orders are not urgent.Text 6M: Lisa? Hi!W: Hi,
110、 Ned.M: Dont you usually drive to work?W: Usually, but not in bad weather.M: Why is that?W: The traffic gets a lot worse when it rains or snows.M: I always take the train. Its a lot faster for me than driving.W: Its faster for me, too, but the time isnt always convenient.M: Yeah, but think of all th
111、e things you can do on the train, read a book or the newspaper.W: Or answer my email. No thanks! My workday is long enough already.Text 7W: I think the car we saw yesterday would be a good deal. What do you think?M: Yes, but I think you should ask someone to take a look at it just to be sure.W: My f
112、riend Jack knows cars, and he helped me do the check this morning.M: It was smart of you to think ahead. Have you and the salesman agreed on a price?W: Yes, he finally agreed to accept the discounted price I asked.M: Then have you thought about how to pay?W: Well, Ive saved up enough money to pay ca
113、sh for this car.M: Good. Let me go with you to make the payment and drive the car home for you.W: Thank you. That would make it much easier for me.M: Youre welcome. Lets go take care of that right now.Text 8M: Being away from home for college can be stressful. Besides all the pressure of study, ther
114、es the pressure on your pocket. Today, lets go to a university to find out. Excuse me. Can I ask you a few questions?W: Well, okay.M: How do you find the cost of living in the city?W: Everything is expensive, including clothing, housing, and travelling.M: So, what do you spend most on?W: Transport,
115、I think. For food, if I cook myself, its not expensive at all. For clothing, I bring my clothes here from my home country, where theyre nice and cheap. But every week, I have to spend more than 100 pounds on the trains.M: Then whats the social life like?W: Im a very social person. I love hanging out
116、 with my friends and meeting new people. Thankfully, I dont drink nor smoke, so the only expense is maybe tickets to the cinemas, clubs, and so on.Text 9W: Can you fix a time for the next meeting, Alex? How about June 12th? Thats after the trade exhibition.M: I thought something was happening on tha
117、t day, Rebecca.W: Oh, yes. Youre right. The people from Head Office are coming.M: What time does their plane arrive? Can we have the meeting in the morning?W: No, its all arranged. Im meeting them at half past ten, so I wont be available at all that day.M: Well, lets have the meeting earlier in June
118、, then. The trade exhibition finishes on the third, doesnt it?W: Yes, but we need Johns sales report for the meeting. Hows it going?M: Im afraid John hasnt started yet. The figures wont be in place till next week.W: Will it be ready early in June?M: Well, not really. He told me that he will finish t
119、hem by June 10th.W: So, were looking at the week starting the 17th. How about two oclock on that day?M: I think thats okay. Lets meet here again then.Text 10W: Hello, everyone. In todays programme, Id like to share a true story of mine. One day, my friends and I had just finished lunch at a hotel wh
120、en it started to rain heavily. When it became lighter, I decided to brave the rain to get my car and go home. It was parked three blocks away. My friends argued I shouldnt go because at that time, I was due to give birth in three months. I promised Id be very careful. One of them wanted to come with
121、 me, but I insisted she stay with another friend who needed help with her baby. When I walked to the first crossroads, a taxi stopped and a passenger came out with an umbrella.Before I knew what was happened, he walked right beside me and told me he would walk with me to where I would go. I refused, but he insisted. During our walk, he kept telling me to walk slowly. When we got to the car park, I thanked him, and we parted ways. I did not get his name and may not even recognise him now. Did he purposely stop for me? Ill never know.