1、四川射洪县2018高考英语主旨大意+泛读一轮练习（8）及答案【阅读理解-主旨大意】 (2017山西省太原市一模) Working well in a team requires full cooperation. Its an important skill for almost every employee to have. Your ability to do your job is dependent upon others getting your work done, and others depend on you to get their work done.Communicat
2、e well. Lack of communication is one of the biggest reasons of a teams failure. Seek input from team members so they feel like a valuable part of the team. Communication establishes trust among team members. In addition, communicating well can help prevent and resolve conflict. Meet regularly to kee
3、p members involved and aware of your work progress. Post decisions where everyone in the team can see them.Be flexible. In teamwork, priorities and responsibility can change instantly. Stay ready to shift focus. Training team members to be able to do parts of other team members jobs can be a valuabl
4、e part of teamwork; being flexible helps to build appreciation for all the parts of the team.Meet deadlines. Work hard to ensure you meet established deadlines when you work in a team environment. Others are depending on your work. Negotiate timelines with your teammates at the start of a project. D
5、oing so allows you to have a say in how work gets accomplished.Establish _accountability_. All team members must be responsible for the success and failure of the project. Although not every team needs a leader, teams require a formal way to ensure everyone does his part. Try using meetings to repor
6、t on progress.Celebrate accomplishments and encourage the team. Senior executives may not always recognize the importance of some team members work. Share congratulations at team meetings and talk about whose work is invaluable in helping you get your work done.文章大意：本文主要讲述了提高团队工作效率的方法和策略。段意梳理第一段：团队合
7、作的重要性。第二段：团队工作中良好的沟通很重要。第三段：团队工作要灵活。第四段：按时完成团队任务。第五段：确立责任。第六段：任务完成及时庆祝，以激励团队继续奋斗。难句分析Share congratulations at team meetings and talk about whose work is invaluable in helping you get your work done.分析：本句是一个祈使句。此外，whose引导宾语从句。译文：在团队会议上庆祝并讨论谁的工作在帮助你完成自己的工作方面有价值。What can you conclude from the first par
8、agraph？_D_AWorking in a team means your work is separate.BWorking in a team means your work is effective.CBeing a member of a team means your work is independent.DBeing a member of a team means your work is interdependent.解析：考查段落大意。根据文章第一段的最后一句“Your ability to do your job is dependent upon others ge
9、tting your work done，and others depend on you to get their work done”可知，成为团队一员意味着分工合作、相互依赖，故选D。Which of the following deeds does not contribute to effective teamwork？_A_AKeeping silent in a team discussion.BBeing able to do parts of others job.CAcknowledging others work publicly.DHolding meetings to
10、 report on progress.解析：考查细节理解。通读全文可知，文章中并没有提到在团队讨论中保持沉默有利于团队工作，故选A。What does the underlined word “accountability” refer to in the fifth paragraph？_B_ASuccess. BResponsibility.CInsurance. DCommunity.解析：考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句的后一句“All team members must be responsible fOr the success and failure Ofthe project”
11、可知，团队工作中所有成员都要对项目的成功和失败负责，故可推知，此处应选B。What is the best title of the passage？_B_AHow to Succeed in Communicating with OthersBHow to Work Effectively in a Team EnvironmentCWays to Work Well in Completing ProjectsDWays to Improve the Efficiency of Employees解析：考查标题判断。根据本文的关键词“teamwork”并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲
12、的是提高团队工作效率的方法和策略，故选B项。（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：说明文话题：团购词数：407时间：6Group buying is one of the fastest growing trends in South Africa today.Industry leaders are confident the growth potential remains strong since group buying is locationspecific (区域性的)Startup costs are low and profit room re
13、mains high, so many sites continue to receive invested money despite widespread criticism and Facebooks decision to phase_out_of the deals business due to privacy concerns.In the early stages of all industries, some companies fail because they cannot compete with stronger companies in difficult econ
14、omic conditions.To deal with difficult conditions, an alarming number of businesses are developing group buying websites in places like China and India, so the increase of group buying in South Africa is nothing more than a natural progression into the international mainstream.The group buying conce
15、pt is fairly new and consumers have accepted this concept because they can now make full use of the rich information available on the Internet.Group buying is convenient and easy so it works.Anyone can view a site, join a mailing list, subscribe (注册加入) to RSS or print out a coupon (优惠券)The current g
16、roup buying structure offered by the industry leaders works although there are still challenges to overcome.Perhaps, the future of group buying is tied to the joining together of social media and mobile devices.Mobile devices are with us wherever we go and almost everyone is using some type of socia
17、l media site like Facebook or Twitter to stay informed.Using GPS and social media technology to provide real time locationspecific promotions would be beneficial to every consumer looking for the best deals in town.Pause for a moment and think about it! What is better than signing on to your phone w
18、hile having fun in town and you receive a real time information that your favorite shop across the street is offering a killer deal?The future of the group buying in South Africa is bright and we can expect to see more advanced approaches to this concept in the future.In addition to the technologica
19、l advances consumers will see the range of promotions expand to include new products and services.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了南非团体购买的发展及其前景。1What does the underlined phrase “phase out of” mean in the passage?AGradually stop. BGradually increase.CBegin to develop. DContinue to enlarge.答案A词义猜测题。本句意为：开始的费用很低，房租很贵，所以出
20、于私人考虑，许多地方不顾广泛的批评和Facebook逐渐停止交易的决定，开始接受投资。故选A。2The author sets China and India as examples to show that _AChina and India are powerful countriesBChina and India are in difficult economic conditionsCgroup buying is successful worldwideDgroup buying is an international trend答案D细节理解题。从第二段最后一句的.nothing
21、 more than a natural progression into the international mainstream，与其说它是一个自然的进步，倒不如说是一个国际的主流，故选D。3Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?APeople have accepted group buying because its a new concept.BSocial media and mobile devices have been joined together for group buying.CGPS and
22、social media technology will be helpful in group buying.DShops usually offer a killer deal when their customers are having fun.答案C细节理解题。从第四段第三句Using GPS and social media technology to provide real time locationsecific promotions.可知选C。 4The authors attitude towards the future of group buying is _Apes
23、simistic BoptimisticCobjective Dsubjective答案B推理判断题。从最后一段第一句The future of the group buying in South Africa is bright and we can expect to see more advanced approaches to this concept in the future.故选B。5What does the passage mainly tell us?AThe history of group buying.BGroup buying in South Africa.CGr
24、owing trends in South Africa.DThe group buying concept.答案B主旨大意题。纵观全文讲述的是南非团体购物的情况以及团体购物的发展趋势，而第一段第一句group buying is one of the fastest growing trends in South Africa today.故选B。（社会生活、说理议论）【2015重庆】BIn ancient Egypt, a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making c
25、hanges to its environment. Modern businesses have been following his lead,with more tactics（策略）.One tactic involves where to display the goods. Foe example, stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section. They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they w
26、ill buy more junk food（垃圾食品）later in their trip. In department stores, section is generally next to the womens cosmetics(化妆品) section：while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe, bored customers are likely to wander over cosmetics they might want to try later. Besides, busines
27、ses seek to appeal to customers senses. Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping, they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day. Music sells goods, too. Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played, sale
28、s of French wine went up. When it comes to the selling of houses, businesses also use highly rewarding tactics. They find that customers make decision in the first few second upon walking in the door, and turn it into a business opportunity. A California builder designed the structure of its houses
29、smartly. When entering the house, the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows, and then the poll through an open stairway leading to the lower level. The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these $10 million houses.40. Why do stores usually display fruits and vegetables
30、 in the first section?A. To save customers times.B. To show they are high quality foods.C. To help sell junk food.D. To sell them at discount prices.41. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following encourages customers to buy?A. Opening the store early in the morning.B. Displaying British wines
31、next to French ones.C. Inviting customers to play music.D. Filling the store with the smell of fresh bread.42. What is the California builders story intended to prove?A. The house structure is a key factor customers consider.B. The more costly the house is, the better it sells.C. An ocean view is mu
32、ch to the customers taste.D. A good first impression increases sales.43. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain how businesses turn people into their customers.B. To introduces how businesses have grown from the past.C. To report researches on customer behavior.D. To show dishonest bu
33、siness practices.42.D 推断题。根据最后一段提到When entering the house,the customer would see the Pacific Ocean throught the windows, and the the pool throught an open stairway leading to the lower level. The instant of water on both levels helped sell these $10million houses当人们进入房间，看到窗外的太平洋和游泳池时，销售业绩会增长，故选D项。43
34、.A 推断题。本文在解释为什么要水果放要店里的最显眼的位置，目的是促进后面的商业交易，故选A项。【考点定位】社会生活类阅读。【名师点睛】对于社会生活类阅读，大多数是细节理解或推断题，考生要把握题干的大意，准备的定位，来找到相关信息。注意文章中的所给的汉语注释，不要由于紧张而对于 while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe, bored customers are likely to wander overcosmeticsthey might want to try later.这个词意有所忽视从而影响对
35、于文章整体的理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Making an apology is not the same as making amends. Sometimes we apologize just because its the easiest thing to do. Whats actually important is to identify where we go wrong, take full responsibility for our mistakes and , if possible, try to make up for them.
36、A recent case involving Hewlett-Packed, the US computer giant, shows the importance of presenting a sincere apology. The Chinese consumers who had bought notebook computers of certain models, which have been put on Chinese market since 2007, suffered a massive flash screen failures and overheating p
37、roblems. Through investigation, Chinese AQSIQ (国家质检总局) identified these HP computers had quality problems and HP admitted this. HP made a proposal that they would extend the warranty (保修) period of such computers, but this could not satisfied the consumers. What they needed was a thorough descriptio
38、n of the truth. HP has “sincerely” apologized. But the consumers remain angry, and say that only a product recall as HP has done in the past will prove that the apology is sincere.Another apology that fell flat on its face was that of Thierry Henry, the famous French footballer. His deliberate handb
39、all in November 2009 created the goal which knocked Ireland out of the 2010 World Cup. The incident caused great anger in the football world, and eventually Henry issued an apology. Two days later, he wrote, “Im not the refereebut if I hurt someone Im sorry.” Better late than never, perhaps, but eve
40、n then he passed the blame onto the referee!Such high-profile cases, which attract a lot of publicity often under the spotlight, but similar incidents occur in our everyday lives. Stress caused by schoolwork and tiredness can sometimes result in outbursts of anger against friends and family. Have yo
41、u ever lost your temper for minor reasons? After calming down, most people are quick to realize their mistake and apologize. But its just as important to identify what caused the error in the first place and take action to ensure it doesnt happen again.No one should hold a negative attitude to makin
42、g a sincere apology. Empty words are easy to say, but they are as useless as they sound. A real show of remorse（痛悔;自责）demands hard work and commitment to put error right. 6. What does the author intend to tell us in the case of HP? A. A true apology needs sincere actions. B. HP should recall all the
43、 faulty computers. C. Good quality makes a good company. D. A company should apologize and pay for their mistakes.7. According to the author, when we do anything wrong we firstly _. A. make an apology face to face honestly B. admit we were wrong and try to make the wrong right C. take the responsibi
44、lity for apologizing to others D. choose the easiest thing to do8. We can infer from the case of Thierry Henry that _ . A. its never too late to say “Im sorry.” B. writing an apology is not a good idea C. Henry didnt identify his fault. D. the football fans were mad with Henry.9. Which of the follow
45、ing can best explain the word “commitment” in the last paragraph? A. Decision.B. Promise. C. Agreement.D. Responsibility.10. Whats the best title of this passage?A. What really puts things rightB. Dont apologize easily C. Making an apology no one is out of exception D. How to judge an apology sincere enough?【参考答案】610、A B C D A
