1、2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷）A英语解析本试卷共三部分，共12页。满分135分,考试用时120分钟。I . 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节: 完形填空 （共15小题； 每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该题涂黑。We all know that some things are obviously right. For example, it is right to be 1 to other people. It is also right to look after the e
2、nvironment. Some things are 2 wrong, too. For instance, we should not hurt or bully(欺负) others, nor should we litter. Rules often tell us what is right or wrong.Rules can help the public make the right 3 ,and remain safe. Car drivers have to obey traffic regulations that tell them the right things t
3、o do on the road to avoid crashes. Cyclists who give signals before turning or stopping help prevent 4 .If people follow rules without taking other matters into consideration, it will be 5 for them to form what is sometimes called a “black and white” view. For example, they may believe that people s
4、hould always tell the truth, and that lying is 6 acceptable. Such people always stick to their views, even if it means that they may get into 7. Sometimes it may not be so easy to know 8 what is right or wrong. Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is 9 to eat animals, but
5、others argue that they can eat meat and 10 be kind to animals; some insist that stealing is always wrong, but others think that one does not need to feel so 11 when stealing some food to eat, if he lives in a really poor area and he is 12. Rules help us live together in harmony, because they show us
6、 the right way to _13_ others. However, some people argue that rules may be _14_, having observed that rules change all the time , and that some schools have some regulations and others have different ones -so who is to _ 15_ what is right ?1. A .kind B. sensitive C. fair D. generous 2. A .equally B
7、. slightly C. clearly D .increasingly 3. A .suggestions B. conclusions C. turns D. choices 4. A. accidents B. mistakes C .falls D .deaths 5. A . interesting B. vital C. easy D. valuable 6. A. seldom B. rarely C. merely D. never7. A. trouble B. power C. prison D. control 8. A. roughly B. eventually C
8、. deliberately D. exactly 9. A. awful B. cruel C. unhealthy D. unnecessary 10. A . still B. even C. later D .somehow 11. A. nervous B. anxious C. afraid D. guilty 12. A. begging B .starving C .growing D .wandering 13. A. follow B. instruct C. treat D. protect 14. A . disgusting B. confusing C .unsaf
9、e D . unimportant 15 . A. predict B explain C. decide D. consider 本文是一篇说明文，说明规章有助于人们辨别是非，作出正确选择，也有助于人与人的和睦相处，但有时判断是非也不容易。 其中考查形容词5个，考查副词4个，考查动词3个，考查名词3个。 13.答案为C考查动词，根据此句的意思“规章制度有助于我们和睦相处，因为规章制度告诉我们对待他人的正确方式”不难得出答案。 14.答案为B考查形容词 根据同义重现，由最后一句“rules change all the time , and that some schools have som
10、e regulations and others have different ones -”可知，规章制度也可能是“令人困惑的”。 15.答案为C考查动词，根据此句的意思，既然不同学校的规章不同，该由谁来“评定”什么是正确的呢？第二节 语法填空（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卷标号为16-25的相应位置上。Mary will ever forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in c
11、lass one day,_16_( wear ) sun glasses. He walked in as if he _17_( buy ) the school , And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City .For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt _18 _ ( please ), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn
12、t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _19_last row._ 20_ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back ,he was wrong . It might have made it a little _21_( hard ) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around ,but that didnt stop the kids in the class. Of course when
13、ever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary,_ 22_made her feel like a star .“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons ?” the teacher asked .The new boy shook his head.” Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.” The
14、 new boy looked at the teacher _23_ a few seconds and all the other students wondered _24_ the boy would do .Then he took _25_ off, gave a big smile and said “That is cool. 20.答案为if考查连词，因he thought与he was wrong是两个句子，且两者之间没有关联词，必定是填关联词；根据两句之间的逻辑关系，应填表示如果If,次句意为“如果他认为坐在后面可以避免受到关注，那他就错了”。 21.答案为harder
15、考查比较级 hard可以作形容词和副词。根据意思急a little,此处要用比较级，表示“更难一点”。 22.答案为which 考查从属连词，引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子。此题错填为who，误认为先行词为Mary. 23.答案为for 考查介词，表示某个动词或状态延续了多久，用”for+时间段”。 24.答案为what考查从属连词，what在宾语从句中做宾语。 25.答案为them考查代词 指代thoselasses,作took off的宾语，用人称代词宾格。 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项
16、中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A “Have a nice day” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression. When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well. “Have a nice
17、day. Next!” The version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door. The words came out in the same tone ( 腔调 ) with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not to me. Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone elses is the manageme
18、nts attempt to increase business.The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting at an end. Sometimes the expression saves us when we dont know what to say. “Oh, you just ha
19、d a tooth out? Im terribly sorry, but have a nice day”The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you dont know has tried to be nice to you.Although the use of the expression is insincere, meaningless social custom at tim
20、es, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, its nice to know they care enough to pretend
21、 they care when they really dont care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken The point is that people say it all the time when they like.26. How does the author understand Maxies words? A. Maxie shows her anxiety to the author. B. Maxie really wishes the au
22、thor a good day.C. Maxie encourages the author to stay happy.D. Maxie really worries about the authors security.27. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?A. The salesgirl is rude.B. The salesgirl is bored.C. The salesgirl cares about me.D. The salesgirl says the words as a routine.28
23、. By saying“Have a nice day, a stranger may _.A. try to be polite to youB. express respect to youC. give his blessing to youD. share his pleasure with you29. According to the last paragraph, people say“Have a nice day”_.A. sincerelyB. as thanksC. as a habitD. encouragingly30. What is the best title
24、of the passage?A. Have a Nice Daya Social CustomB. Have a Nice Daya Pleasant GestureC. Have a Nice Daya Heart-warming GreetingD. Have a Nice Daya Polite Ending of a Conversation BI have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly. As a doctor, mother and scientist in child development I be
25、lieve there is nothing to recommend it, from the babys point of view.Mothers, doctors and nurse alike have no idea of where a babys blood sugar level lies. All we know is that a low level is harmful to brain development and makes a baby easily annoyed. In this state, the baby is difficult to calm do
26、wn and sleep is impossible. The baby asks for attention by crying and searching for food with its mouth.It is not just unkind but also dangerous to say a four-hourly feeding schedule will make a baby satisfied. The first of the experts to advocate a strict clock-watching schedule was Dr Frederic Tru
27、by King who was against feeding in the night. Ive never heard anything so ridiculous. Baby feeding shouldnt follow a timetable set by the mum. What is important is feeding a baby in the best way, though it may cause some inconvenience in the first few weeks.Well, at last we have copper-bottomed rese
28、arch that supports demand feeding and points out the weaknesses of strictly timed feeding . The research finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at school at age 5, 7 , 11 and 14, than babies fed according to the clock. By the age of 8, their IQ（智商）scores are four to five percent highe
29、r than babies fed by a rigid timetable. This research comes from Oxford and Essex University using a sample（样本）of 10,419 children born in the early 1990s,taking account of parental education, family income, a childs sex and age, the mothers health and feeling style. These results dont surprise me. F
30、eeling according to schedule runs the risk of harming the rapidly growing brain by taking no account of sinking blood sugar levels. I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeling practices.31. According to Paragraph 2, one reason why a baby cries is that it feels_.A.
31、sick B. upset C. sleepy D. hungry32. What does the author think about Dr King?A. He is strictB. He is unkindC. He has the wrong idea.D. He sets a timetable for mothers33. The word copper-bottomed in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _.A. basic B. reliable C. surprising D. interesting34. What does
32、 the research tell us about feeling a baby on demand?A. The baby will sleep well.B. The baby will have its brain harmed.C. The baby will have a low blood sugar level.D. The baby will grow to be wiser by the age of 8.35. The author supports feeling the baby_.A. in the nightB. every four hoursC. whene
33、ver it wants foodD. according to its blood sugar level CI was blind, but I was ashamed of it if it was known. I refused to use a white stick and hated asking for help. After all, I was a teenage girl, and I couldnt bear people to look at me and think I was not like them. I must have been a terrible
34、danger on the roads, Coming across me wandering through the traffic, motorists probably would have to step rapidly on their brakes. Apart from that, there were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from work.One evening, I got off the bus about halfway home where I had to chang
35、e buses, and as usual I ran into something,“Im awfully sorry,”I said and stepped forward only to run into it again. When it happened a third time, I realized I had been apologizing to a lamppost. This was just one of the stupid things that constantly happened to me. So I carried on and found the bus
36、 stop, which was a request stop, where the bus wouldnt stop unless passengers wanted to get on or off. No one else was there and I had to try to guess if the bus had arrived.Generally in this situation, because I hated showing I was blind by asking for help, I tried to guess at the sound. Sometimes
37、I would stop a big lorry and stand there feeling stupid as it drew away. In the end, I usually managed to swallow my pride and ask someone at the stop for help.But on this particular evening no one joined me at the stop; It seemed that everyone had suddenly decided not to travel by bus. Of course I
38、heard plenty of buses pass, or I thought I did. But because I had given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of myself, I let them all go by. I stood there alone for half an hour without stopping one. Then I gave up. I decided to walk on to the next stop.36. The girl refused to ask for help be
39、cause she thought_.A. she might be recognizedB. asking for help looked sillyC. she was normal and independentD. being fond blind was embarrassing37. After the girl got off the bus that evening, she_.A. began to runB. hit a person as usualC. hit a lamppost by accidentD. was caught by something38. At
40、the request stop that evening, the girl_.A. stopped a big lorryB. stopped the wrong busC .made no attempt to stop the busD. was not noticed by other people39. What was the problem with guessing at the sound to stop a bus?A. Other vehicles also stopped there.B. It was unreliable for making judgments.
41、C. More lorries than buses responded to the girl.D. It took too much time for the girl to catch the bus.40. Finally the girl decided to walk to the next stop, hoping _.A. to find people thereB. to find more buses thereC. to find the bus by herself thereD. to find people more helpful thereD Sports ac
42、count for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television companies. Many television companies have used sports to attract viewers from particular sections of the general public, and then they have sold audiences to advertisers. An attraction of sport programs for the m
43、ajor U.S. media companies is that events are often held on Saturday and Sunday afternoonsthe slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing. Sport events are the most popular weekend programs, especially among male viewers who may not watch much television at other times during the
44、week. This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming. Media corporations also use sports to attract commercial sponsors that might take their advertising dollars elsewhere if television stations d
45、id not report certain sports. The people in the advertising departments of major corporations realize that sports attract made viewers. They also realize that most business travelers are men and that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers, cars and life insurance. Golf and tenn
46、is are special cases for television programming. These sports attract few viewers, and the ratings(收视率)are unusually low. However, the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertisers. It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States, to certain advertisers.
47、It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States, including many lawyers and business managers. This is why television reporting of golf and tennis is sponsored by companies selling high-priced cars. business and personal computer, and holiday trips .This is also why the n
48、etworks continue to carry these programs regardless of low ratings. Advertisers are willing to pay high fees to reach high-income consumers and those managers who make decisions to buy thousands of “company cars” and computer, with such viewers, these programs dont need high ratings to stay on the a
49、ir.41. Television sport programs on weekend afternoons .A. result in more sport event B. get more viewers to play sportsC. make more people interested in televisionD. bring more money to the television networks42. Why would weekend afternoons become dead time without sport programs?A. Because there
50、would be few viewersB. Because the advertisers would be off workC. Because television programs would go slowlyD. Because viewers would pay less for watching television43. In many families, men make decision on .A. holiday tripsB. sports viewingC. television shoppingD. expensive purchases44. The rati
51、ngs are not important for golf and tennis programs because .A. their advertisers are carmakersB. their viewers are attracted by sportsC. their advertisers target at rich peopleD. their viewers can afford expensive cars45. What is the passage mainly about?A. Television ratings are determined by male
52、viewersB. Rich viewers contribute most to television companiesC. Sports are gaining importance in advertising on televisionD. Commercial advertisers are the major sponsors of sport events本文是说明文，说明运动占据很大一部分商业广告。41.答案为D细节理解题。由本文第二段This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at
53、 relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.可知。其中sellhigh price 与bring more money 是同义重现。 42.答案为A细节理解题。结合41题和排除法可以得出答案。其中BCD项的表达都不合常理。 43.答案为D细节理解题。由They also realize that most business第二节信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。首先阅读下列某实习编辑
54、从一组读者来信中整理出来的关键备忘信息：BHobbies: reading, singing and travelingPurpose: learning about ideas of teaching professionals in the worldAHobbies: reading, listening to music and watching birdsPurpose: asking for spare copies of textbooks, teaching materials or journalsDHobbies: reading and exchanging fancy
55、gifts and ideas about local customs and conventionsPurpose: exchanging ideas on teaching methodsCHobbies: role-playing, listening to music and collecting nice thingsPurpose: communicating with new friends among English teachers from the UK and the USAFHobbies: swimming, cycling raising cats and dogs
56、.Purpose: finding pen-friends all over the world and communicating in English.EHobbies: listening to western music, exchanging and collecting nice thingsPurpose: making friends with both fellow teachers and students of English around the world. 以下信函为上面关键备忘信息的来源。为有效管理资料，请将关键备忘信息与信函原件匹配起来。46、高考资源网 Edi
57、tor, I am a secondary school teacher of English. I would like to have pen friends all over the world for my students. They are aged 15-19 and good at swimming, cycling and raising cats and dogs. If students in your country are interested in corresponding with Turkish students in English, please tell
58、 them to write to my address, so that I can distribute their letters to my students who are willing to have friends and are in need of practice.Ms. Imbat81030, IstanbulTurkey47. 高考资源网 Editor, I am interested in corresponding with other TEFL teachers and researchers about issues of professional devel
59、opment. I would like to share ideas with fellow teachers from English-speaking countries throughout the world. My hobbies are reading, listening to music and watching birds. Since I live in a rather isolated area, I would appreciate any spare copies if text books, teaching materials or journals that
60、 other teachers would be able to send me.Ms. Juliana Sirait21214,KisaranIndonesia48. 高考资源网 Editor I am a 33-year-old secondary school teacher of English in Hungary. I would like to make new friends among English teachers mainly from English, the USA, Switzerland, and Scandinavia. I am interested in
61、role-playing and team work , I would also like to correspond with colleagues all over the world with the same hobbies as mine: collecting nice things, listening to music, reading and travelingMariann Nyari6724, Szeged , Tavasz1/BHungary21214,KisaranIndonesia49. 高考资源网 Editor, I am a 23-year-old Peace
62、 Corps Volunteer teaching secondary English in Equatorial Guinea. This is my first experience teaching formally, so I would like to know some of the ideas of all you professionals out there in the world. Letters do not have to be all business. When the school day ends, I would enjoy hearing from you
63、. I enjoy reading. singing, traveling and so on.Kury W.CobhamAP Box 456Equatorial Guinea50. 高考资源网 Editor, Im a 30-year-old teacher of English at a middle school. Id be happy to make friends with both fellow teachers and students of English around the world. I also wish to find pen-friends for my stu
64、dents between 13 and 20 years old. My interests are letter writing, listening to western pop music, exchanging gifts, and collecting stamps, maps, picture postcards and coins.Mr.S. Thevachandra47/1,Kalm UnaiSri Lanka解析：今年的题目较容易，可以直接找到对应的关键词。如46题的swimming.cycling and raising cats and dogs 可以直接找到。其他在此
65、略过。III 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 基础写作（共1小题，满分15分） 你接受了一项写作任务，要为英语校报写一篇人物介绍。【写作内容】请根据以下信息，介绍一位传奇人物姓 名：Allan Stewart国 籍：澳大利亚出生日期：1915年3月7日世界纪录：2006年获硕士学位时年龄最大学习态度：挑战自我，永远为时不晚。第一个学位：1936年获得第二个学位：医学博士第三个学位：80多岁时决定学习法律，2006年获得硕士学位。第四个学位：2012年通过网络学习获得，善于合理安排学习时间，受到老师表扬。*硕士学位：masters degree; *博士：doctor 【写作要求】只能用5个句
66、子表达全部内容。【评分标准】句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。解析：此文是人物介绍，是继2011年的书本介绍后的同类型的文章。 对于这一话题，学生很熟悉，有话可说。有9个信息点，比去年多一个，可以使用的句式有强调句，定语从句，with作状语，分词bom 作状语，宾语从句。时态使用过去式。 学习态度：挑战自我，永远为时不晚。He believes that one is never too old to challenge himself. 国籍：澳大利亚 of Australia nationality 信息点可以分为如下五点：1.姓名，国籍，出生日期2.学习态度和第一个学位和第二个学位3
67、.第三个学位和世界纪录4.第四个学位5.人物评价。第二节 读写任务 (共1小题，满分25分)阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。My husband received a letter a month ago from a young woman who had been his student when she was in middle school. She was writing because she wanted to thank him for having a great influence on her life.In the letter she wr
68、ote, “You were the teacher who helped me discover my talent for math. Before you came to teach us, I had been terribly poor at math, and had never thought that I would be interested in it. To my surprise, you magically showed me the beauty of math. I guess that was the turning point of my attitude t
69、owards it. Gradually my interest in it began to grow. Thanks to your encouragement, I made continuous progress in math, and finally made up my mind to study it in the university. Today I am working as an accountant at Valley Medical Center in California. You played an important part. Thank you!”What
70、 a wonderful gift to a retired teacher! My husband has received many letters from students over the years. This one was special, for it arrived at this time in his life when he is in very poor health.【写作内容】 1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。 2. 以约120个词就老师影响学生的话题谈谈你的想法，内容包括：（1）上文使你想起哪位对你帮助最大的老师；（2）举例说明该老师对你学习或成长的影响
71、；（3）你怎样看待老师对学生的影响。【写作要求】 1作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子； 2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】 概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。解析：此文是一篇记叙文，延续了2011年的体裁形式。结合叙述的学习生活以及助人的社会热点，很好地体现了情感教育，让学生学会感恩。概括参考： The writershusband erceiced a Thank You Letter from his students when he is in poor position,which tells the teachers effort on the students.The letter has a special meaning to the teacher.
