1、Part 2 Of 215.approvevt.批准,核准；赞成,称许,同意vi.赞成,称许 approve of sth.We dont approve of solving the problem by way of fighting.我们不赞成用打架的方式来解决问题。注意其名词形式：approval1.委员会批准了这个报告。_2.我无法赞同这种行为。_The committee approved the report.I couldnt approve such conduct.16.urge vt.推进,驱策；极力主张,强烈要求(此义引导的宾语从句用虚拟should do)；催促,力劝
2、He was urged by his conscience.他受他的良心所驱策。He urged us to give a helping hand to the beggar.他敦促我们帮帮那个乞丐。他们要求图书馆假期也开放。_They urged that the library(should)be kept open during the vacation.17.be accustomed to/adapt to/adjust tobe accustomed to=be used to 习惯于He was accustomed to command,not to obey.他习惯发号施
3、令,而不是服从。adapt to 适应adapt oneself to 使自己适应adjust to 适应adjust oneself to(调节自己)以适应The new students are very slow to adapt to the rules.新生对于那些规定适应得很慢。I was not able to adjust myself to the working environment there.我适应不了那里的工作环境。1.你要适应那里的新环境。_2.我这个年龄还可以适应国外的生活吗？_You have to adapt yourself to the new envi
4、ronment there.Could I adjust to life abroad at this age?18.vital adj.至关重要的,生死攸关的It was such a vital clue that we jumped for joy.我们对于这极其重要的线索感到欣喜若狂。This point is vital to my argument.这一点对我的论据极为重要。It is vital that we move quickly.我们必须快速离开。vital引导的主语从句需用虚拟should do。19.tend to do 倾向于；转向；易造成Boys tend to
5、be bigger than girls.男孩子往往比女孩子个头大。Prices are tending downwards.物价趋跌。No one can tell where society is tending.没有人知道社会将朝哪个方向发展。20.take up 占据,占地方；开始,从事；继续Maths takes up too much of my time.数学占用我太多的时间了。When did you take up basketball?你什么时候开始打篮球的？Lets take up the work where theyve left off.让我们接着他们的工作干下去。
6、take sth.away 消除,解除take sth.down 拆掉；写下,记下take sb.in 留宿；欺骗；吸入(sth./sb.)take off(飞机)起飞,(人)匆匆离去take sth.off 脱下,摘掉；休息,休假take on 呈现；承担(责任)take to sb./sth.开始喜欢,对产生好感；培养的能力1.老师接着昨天留下的部分开始讲。_用take的有关短语的适当形式填空2.I am longing to _ a few days _ so as to relax myself a little bit.3._ what I say as it will be imp
7、ortant to the exam you are going to take.The teacher took up the lesson where he left off yesterday.take offTake down4.His voice _ a more serious tone,which made us worried.5.Dont be _ by his sweet talks.6.He hasnt _ his new school and often recalls the old one.took ontaken intaken to1.I felt as if
8、I had done something wrong.(句型：as if /though 后面的从句常用过去时或过去完成时表示虚拟)It looks as if its going to rain.看样子好像要下雨。The injured man acted as if nothing had happened to him.这位受伤的男子表现得好像什么事也没发生。He speaks English perfectly as if he had lived in England for many years.他英语讲得很好，好像他在英国生活了很多年似的。as if与as though 意义与用
9、法完全相同，可换用。as if 与as though 后面的从句既可以用虚拟语气也可以用陈述语气。要根据具体的上下文确定使用何种语气。对比：The baby looks as if he is ill.这孩子好像病了。(真的病了)The clown looks as if he were ill.那个小丑好像害病似的。(虚拟语气)1.他装作若无其事的样子。_2.看起来他们好像实验成功了。_He behaved as if/though nothing had happened.It looks as if they have succeeded in the experiment.3.那个长头
10、发的男孩子看起来像个姑娘。_The boy with long hair looks as if he were a girl.2.Its never too late to learn.活到老，学到老。(句型：tooto 太而不能)The boy is too young to go to school.那孩子还没到上学年龄。若too 后面跟下列词时，该结构不表示否定意义。too ready(anxious/eager/easy/willing，etc.)to do中的too相当于very,extremely,particularly(很，太，非常)They were too anxious
11、 to leave.他们急着要离开。相关句型：can never/can nottoo怎么也不过分only tooto do(too 后接表示某种心情的词，如glad,pleased,willing,thankful,delighted;描绘性的词，如good,kind,true等表示非常去做某事)You cannot praise the play too highly.这出戏你怎么称赞都不过分。I am only too delighted to accept your invitation.我非常高兴地接受你的邀请。1.他累得再也走不动了。_2.他太老了，不能独自去旅行。_3.那篇文章非
12、常容易理解。_4.能和你交谈我太高兴了。_He is too tired to go any farther.He is too old to travel on his own.The article is too easy to understand.I am only too glad to talk with you.3.Its obvious/surprising that从句：主语从句Its obvious that it will rain tomorrow.很显然明天会下雨。有些形容词引导的主语从句需用虚拟should do,这些形容词一般带有命令、要求、建议等意思。It is
13、 important that you finish the project by Friday.你周五前必须完成计划。It is necessary that you feed the dog regularly.你必须按时喂狗。引导虚拟从句的还有一些由表命令、要求和建议的动词-ed形式。It was requested/ordered that he hand in the homework on time.老师要求(命令)按时交作业。4.I wish Id done more work我希望当时我做了更多的活wish引导的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,因为愿望跟事实一般不符。本句是对过去事实的
14、虚拟,用had done;对现在和将来的虚拟用did。同样引导虚拟的还有if only,例：If only I had not been lazy.要是我那时不懒就好了。另外,as if引导的方式状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句如果与事实相反的话,需用虚拟。He told me off as if he were my father.他教训我的口吻似乎他就是我的父亲一样。If you had not done anything wrong,we would notcharge you with anything.如果你没有做错事的话,我们是不会控告你任何罪名的。日常活动(基础写作)日常活动(D
15、aily Routines)在人的一生这个历史长河里，每一天的日常活动犹如长河里的小浪花，这个小浪花虽然很小，会在瞬间就消失得无影无踪。通过阅读记下它的历程，想象出它的丰富多彩。人们的日常生活各不相同，随着不同的职业在做着不同的工作，对于学生来讲，主要是学习文化课，完成各科作业等。当然学生除了学习以外，还有其他业余生活爱好，如阅读、写作、欣赏音乐、观看电视、郊外旅游，在家里帮助父母做一些洗衣做饭、打扫卫生之类的家务活等。把这一切汇入脑海，留给自己，或介绍给他人，都是非常有意义的。本话题常以通知、日记、书信的形式来叙事，时间、地点是本话题文章的必备要素，常常还涉及个人感受或反思。实用表达：org
16、anize an activity 组织活动have dances on weekends 参加周末舞会have a picnic over the weekend 周末去野餐go to the cinema 去看电影have a party 聚会，开晚会hold a sports meeting 举行运动会spend ones time in many different ways以多种不同的方式消磨时间enjoy doing things by oneself 喜欢独自做某事go for an outing 去远足have an outing at(the seashore)去(海边)度假
17、see the sights of Beijing 在北京观光play the piano(violin)弹钢琴(拉小提琴)play chess(basketball)下棋(打篮球)do some reading 阅读help sb.do sth.帮助某人做某事enjoy a family trip 享受一次家庭旅游get everything ready for 为做好一切准备ride ones bike with sb.to the park与某人骑车去公园There are a lot of activities at the beach.海滨有很多活动。We enjoy a chang
18、e from our busy life in the city.我们享受一种都市繁忙生活之外的变化。It was a very relaxing Sunday.这是一个很轻松的星期日。假设你参加了你校组织的“关爱生命，携手艾滋儿童”的活动。请你根据以下信息，写一篇英文日记，叙述活动情况。【写作内容】1.活动安排时间：2011年12月1日 星期四8：30 启程，共进午餐后返回地点：校门口集合，一个半小时自行车车程目的地：红十字会医院活动：亲切交谈、牵手跳舞、赠送礼物、拍照留念2.感受【写作要求】1只能使用5个句子表达全部的内容。2日记的开头已写好，不计入总句数。参考词汇：“Take care
19、of our lives,hand in handwith Aids children”“关爱生命，携手艾滋儿童”December 1st,Thursday,2011 Fine_第一步：审题；确定时态、人称本文是以日记形式叙述“我”参加的一次活动情况，所以行文应用第一人称，一般过去时。但在谈感受的时候，由于“感受”和现在相关，可以使用一般现在时或其他的现在时。第二步：明确写作内容，整合信息。本文的信息点似乎很多，所以我们要仔细分析写作内容的信息点，根据日记的特点可以按照时间顺序来重新组织信息。注意：2011年12月1日，星期四这个信息以体现在日记的格式当中，正文部分无需再做说明。我们将信息整合
20、、翻译如下：1.今天是世界艾滋病日。学校组织了“关爱生命，携手艾滋儿童”的活动Today is the World Aids Day.Our school organized an activity called“Takecare of our lives,hand in hand with Aids children”.我们可以用and 或so合并这两个句子：Today is the World Aids Day,and/so our schoolorganized an activity called“Take care of our lives,hand in hand with Aid
21、s children”.2.8：30在校门口集合，骑自行车出发。路上花费了一个半小时。At 8：30 am.,we volunteers gathered at theschool gate and started our bike trip.The trip took us about one hour and a half.我们可以使用定语从句来进行合并：At 8：30 am.,we volunteers gathered at theschool gate and started our bike trip,which took us aboutone hour and a half.3
22、.我们亲切交谈、牵手跳舞。We had close chats with them and we dancedhappily together.这个句子似乎有些单调，所以我们可以加入一些细节丰富内容：After we got to the Red Cross Hospital,where mostAids children are staying,we began to have close chatswith them to see how their life is going,and then wedanced happily together.4.我们赠送礼物，并拍照留念。共进午餐后返
23、回。We presented our gifts,took lots of photos and atelunch together before we came back.We ate lunch together before we came back.我们用3个并列谓语来表达3个顺接的动作，将两句合并为一句：We presented our gifts,took lots of photos and atelunch together before we came back.5看到“艾滋”儿童得到关注和照顾，看到他们开开心心，感觉实在太棒了。I feel very great to se
24、e the Aids children so happywhen they are not ignored and taken good care of.第三步：使用词语或句子，连句成篇。使之成为一篇连贯通顺，衔接自然的文章。December 1st,Thursday,2011 FineToday is the World Aids Day,so our schoolorganized an activity called“Take care of our lives,handin hand with Aids children”.At 8：30 am.,wevolunteers gather
25、ed at the school gate and started ourbike trip,which took us about one hour and a half.Soonafter we got to the Red Cross Hospital,where most Aidschildren are staying,we began to have close chats withthem to see how their life is going,and then we dancedhappily together.Having got to know them so wel
26、l,we presented our gifts,took lots of photos and ate lunchtogether before we came back.I feel very great to see theAids children so happy when they are not ignored andtaken good care of.请根据下面内容要点，写一篇日记。【写作内容】10月11日星期天，天气晴朗，上午10点，你在一家商店买东西，这时来了一位美国妇女。她要给丈夫买一件衬衫。由于售货员不懂英语，他们都很着急。你了解了情况，帮助了他们。对此，美国妇女对你
27、非常感谢。你对自己能与外国人交谈感到很高兴。【写作要求】1只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；2注意日记的格式已经给出。October 11th,Sunday Fine_One possible version：October 11th,Sunday，FineI happened to be doing some shopping at ten oclockin a shop this morning when an American lady enteredthe shop.She told the shop assistant that she wanted tobuy a shirt for her husband,but he didnt understandwhat she was saying,so at that time they all seemed tobe very anxious.Seeing this,Iwent over and helped themout.The American lady was very grateful to me for myhelp.I am very glad that I could talk with foreign guestsin English.
