1、Section Using language Grammar过去完成时的被动语态一、语法图解二、语法突破1定义过去完成时的被动语态表示动作在过去某时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成，且主语与谓语动词之间存在被动关系。The room had been cleaned when we came.我们来的时候房间已经打扫干净了。2构成过去完成时的被动语态构成为：had been done。3基本用法(1)用在told，said，knew，thought等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完。He said that the books had already been sold out.
2、他说书已经卖完了。(2)当before，when，by the time，until等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时，以及by，before后接过去的时间时，主句的动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。The classroom hadnt been cleaned before the teacher came.老师来之前教室还没有打扫干净。(3)在It was the first/second/.time that .从句中，主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。It was the first time that I had been
3、 criticized in public.那是我第一次当众挨批。(4)在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去的事实相反，且主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been invited earlier, I would have gone with you.如果我早点被邀请，我就和你一起去了。完成句子They said the production costs had been reduced.他们说生产成本已经降低了。It was the second time that his bike had been stolen.这是他的自行车第二次被偷了。1.appropri
4、ate adj.恰当的；合适的 v盗用；挪用；占用；侵吞；拨(专款等)(教材P17)Use the past perfect passive where appropriate.在适当的地方使用过去完成时的被动语态。(1)be appropriate for/to .对适合It is appropriate for sb.to do sth.It is appropriate that sb.(should) do sth. 某人做某事是恰当的(2)appropriate sth.for sth. 为拨款(3)appropriately adv. 恰当地(经典佳句)Now that the p
5、roblem has been identified, appropriate action can be taken.现在既已找出问题的症结，就可以采取适当的行动。练透一词多义(猜测加彩单词的词性和含义)/单句语法填空Five million dollars has been appropriated for research into the disease.v.拨款We want an education system that is more appropriate for/to the needs of the students.It is not appropriate for p
6、regnant women to drink (drink) green tea.Those children arent appropriately (appropriate) dressed for this cold weather.写美一句多译你在公共场合问这些私人问题是不合适的。It is not appropriate for you to ask these private questions in public.It is not appropriate that you (should) ask these private questions in public.2consi
7、derate adj.替他人着想的；体贴的(教材P18)Id politely remind them its not permitted, and that they should be considerate of others.我会礼貌地提醒他们这是不允许的，他们应该为别人着想。(1)It is considerate of sb.to do .某人做真体贴(2)consider v. 考虑；认为consider doing . 考虑做consider sb./sth.as/to be . 认为某人/物是(3)consideration n. 仔细考虑；深思take sth.into c
8、onsideration 考虑到；顾及(经典佳句)The key to true friendship is to be considerate of other peoples minor faults.真正的友谊的关键在于体谅别人的小过失。练透单句语法填空I first considered writing (write) to him, but then decided to go and visit him.The first book on agriculture, known as Qi Min Yao Shu, was considered to be (be) an impor
9、tant summary of the knowledge of farming.Your teacher will take your recent illness into consideration (consider) when judging your examination results.写美完成句子It was considerate of you to turn off the light while I was sleeping.你真是太体贴了，在我睡觉的时候帮我关了灯。3promote v促进，增进；促销，推销；提升，晋升(教材P19)Discuss how to pro
10、mote values education at your school using the words and expressions in this section.使用本节中的词汇和表达方式，讨论如何在你的学校促进价值观教育。(1)promote sb.(from sth.) to sth把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位promote sth.to . 把某物推销给be promoted to . 被提升为(2)promotion n. 提升，提拔；晋级；促销活动，推广(经典佳句)It is the central task of China to promote economic and
11、 social development and improve its peoples life.推动经济、社会发展，改善人民生活始终是中国的中心任务。练透一词多义(猜测加彩单词的词性和含义)/单句语法填空The company is promoting its new products on television.v.促销They discussed how to promote cooperation between the two countries.v.促进，增进Because of his excellent performance, he was soon promoted.v.提
12、升，晋升She worked hard and was soon promoted from a saleswoman to a manager.Her promotion (promote) to sales manager took everyone in the company by surprise.写美完成句子He has been promoted to general manager.他已被提升为总经理。维度一基础题型练1By the time he got to the school, the first period had been finished (finish)2Ho
13、w many buildings had been destroyed (destroy) when the hurricane ended? 3Five new buildings had been built (build) by the end of last year.4The media reported more than 1,000 people had been killed (kill) in the earthquake.5If the new safety system had been put (put) to use, the accident would never
14、 have happened.6He had been trapped (trap) in the forest for five hours by the time the rescue team arrived.7It was the third time that the teacher had been asked (ask) the same question by his students.8It was the first time that we had been introduced (introduce) at the conference.9When Li Ming hu
15、rried home, he found that his mother had been sent (send) to hospital.10Luckily, the fire had been put (put) out before the firefighters arrived.维度二语法与写作1The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in.有人提醒那个男孩，他的作业还没交。2He said this book had been translated into over 20 languages.他说这本书
16、已被翻译成20多种语言。3Word came that Li Hua had been admitted to/into Peking University.消息传来，李华已经被北京大学录取了。4Had the new plan been discussed before the meeting began?在会议开始之前新计划被讨论过吗？5It was the first time that he had been punished by the teacher.那是第一次他受到老师的惩罚。维度三以语段形式练习语法When I woke up in the morning, I found
17、the snow had stopped.Looking outside of the window, the snow 1.had been cleaned (clean) by my father.I closed the book that 2.had been borrowed (borrow) from local library and went downstairs for breakfast.Then my little brother came to tell me that all his homework 3.had been finished (finish) so he wanted to go to the nursing home to help the old.He said over 100 elderly people 4.had been helped (help) by the volunteers.
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