吉林市2014高考英语阅读理解精英训练精品题（15）及答案.doc

1、吉林市2014高考英语阅读理解精英训练精品题（15）及答案【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（2）】BShould you be friends with your employees? Im the type of person who likes to be friends with everyone. As I developed my company, I got to a point where I realized being friends with employees was hurting our business and our life. Here are the i

2、ssues:Youll naturally become closer friends with some people, but others will think you play favorites. When you promote people who are your friends, how will the rest of the company view that promotion and how will that influence your teams culture and the people who are promoted? Even if the promo

3、tion is well deserved, other employees are unlikely to view it that way. Youll be considered as a manager who plays favorites. And, realistically, its probably hard not to at least subconsciously (潜意识地) favor your friends.Your friends treat you differently compared to your employees. You dont want y

4、our employees to necessarily treat you or company rules as casually as your friends would.Your employees might find it easier not to be friends with you. Lets say you have an employee who works hard and doesnt have enough time for his or her family and friends. Do they want you as a friend? Probably

5、 not. It was easy for me to be friends with everyone when we had 25 employees. But it is much more difficult when we had over 150 employees.Friends are equals. Youll make decisions that determine who gets specific tasks, compensation and other things8that are very important to your employees future.

6、 That doesnt make you equals, and it creates a lot of problems for your friendship.Friends talk about work with each other. The last thing you want to do is to be involved in office gossip. If youre friends with an employee and that employee complains about work, what do you do with that information

7、? If you do nothing, youre basically agreeing with what he or she says. However, they probably dont want someone who will force them to deal with the problem. 31. What is this passage mainly about? A. How to make friends with employees. B. Advantages of being friends with employees. C. Friendship be

8、tween employers and employees. D. Disadvantages of being friends with employees. 32. What can we learn from this passage? A. Employees are ready to be friends with employers. B. It is necessary for employers to be friends with employees. C. The promotions of employers friends are always not acceptab

9、le. D. Employers friends are always more difficult to get promotions.33. If an employee is one of your friends, he or she will treat you or your company rules _. A. casually B. seriously C. differently D. the same as other employees do34. Employers cannot be equals with employees because_. A. only f

10、riends are equals B. friendship is very complicated C. their decisions may determine their employees future D. the employees arent the types of people they like35. Whats the authors attitude to being friends with employees? A. Agree. B. Disagree. C. Neutral. D. Indifferent.【参考答案】31-35 DCACB老板是老板，员工是

11、员工，别以为老板跟员工交朋友是什么好事，那会存在许多弊端。31. D。主旨大意题。由第一段中As I developed my company, I got to a point where I realized being friends with employees was hurting our business and our life.和下文的举例可知文章主要讲关于老板和员工做朋友的弊端。32. C。细节理解题。由第二段中 When you promote people who are your friends, how will the rest of the company .Y

12、oull be considered as a manager who plays favorites.可知答案。33. A。细节理解题。由第三段中You dont want your employees to necessarily treat you or company rules as casually as your friends would.可知答案。34. C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，老板和员工不可能身份平等，因为老板的决定对员工的前途有很大的影响。35. B。观点态度题。根据第一段.I realized being friends with employees was

13、 hurting our business and our life.可知答案。阅读理解Hans was an honest fellow with a funny round good-humored face. Living alone, every day he worked in his garden. In all the countryside there was no garden so lovely as his. All sorts of flowers grew there, blooming in their proper order as the months went

14、 by, one flower taking another flowers place, so that there were always beautiful things to see, and pleasant odors to smell. Hans had many friends, the most devoted being the Miller. So devoted was the rich Miller to Hans that hed never go by his garden without plucking a large bunch of flowers or

15、a handful of sweet herbs, or filling his pockets with fruits. The Miller used to talk about noble ideas, and Hans nodded and smiled, feeling proud of having such a friend. The neighbors thought it strange that the rich Miller never gave Hans anything in return, though he had hundreds of sacks of flo

16、ur, many cows and sheep, but Hans never troubled his head about these, and nothing gave him greater pleasure than to listen to all the wonderful things about the unselfishness of true friendship. In spring, summer, and autumn Hans was very happy, but when winter came, and he had no fruit or flowers

17、to sell, he suffered from cold and hunger. Though extremely lonely, the Miller never came to see him then. “Theres no good in going to see Hans while the snow lasts.” The Miller said to his wife, “When people are in trouble they shouldnt be bothered. So Ill wait till the spring comes when hes happy

18、to give me flowers.” “Youre certainly very thoughtful,” answered his wife, “Its quite a treat to hear you talk about friendship.” “Couldnt we ask Hans up here?” said their son. “Ill give him half my meal, and show him my white rabbits.” “How silly you are!” cried the Miller. “I really dont know what

19、s the use of sending you to school. If Hans came up here, and saw our warm fire, our good supper, and our red wine, he might get envious, and envy is a most terrible thing, and would spoil anybodys nature. I am his best friend, and Ill always watch over him, and see that hes not led into any temptat

20、ion. Besides, if Hans came here, he might ask me for some flour. Flour is one thing, and friendship is another, and they shouldnt be confused. The words are spelt differently, and mean quite different things. Everybody can see that.” He looked seriously at his son, who felt so ashamed that he hung h

21、is head down, and grew quite scared, and began to cry into his tea. Spring coming, the Miller went down to see Hans. Again he talked about friendship. “Hans, friendship never forgets. Im afraid you dont understand the poetry of life. See, how lovely your roses are!” Hans said he wanted to sell them

22、in the market to buy back his things which were sold during the hard time of the winter. “Ill give you many good things. I think being generous is the base of friendship.” said the Miller. “And now, as Ill give you many good things, Im sure youd like to give me some flowers in return. Heres the bask

23、et, and fill it quite full.” Poor Hans was afraid to say anything. He ran and plucked all his pretty roses, and filled the Millers basket, imagining the many good things promised by the Miller. The next day he heard the Miller calling: “Hans, would you mind carrying this sack of flour for me to mark

24、et?” “Im sorry, but I am really very busy today.” “Well,” said the Miller, “considering that Im going to give you my things, its rather unfriendly of you to refuse. Upon my word, you mustnt mind my speaking quite plainly to you.” Poor Hans was driven by his friendship theory to work hard for his bes

25、t friend, leaving his garden dry and wasted. One evening Hans was sitting by fire when the Miller came. “Hans,” cried the Miller, “My little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself, and Im going for the Doctor. But he lives so far away, and its such a bad windy night. It has just occurred to me

26、 that you can go instead of me. You know Im going to give you my good things, so you should do something for me in return.” “Certainly,” cried Hans. He struggled into the stormy night, and got the doctor to ride a horse to the Millers house in time to save the boy. However, Hans got lost in the dark

27、ness, and wandered off into a deep pool, drowned. At Hans funeral, the Miller said, “I was his best friend. I should walk at the head of the procession.” Every now and then he wiped his eyes with a handkerchief. 16. “Flour is one thing, and friendship is another” can be understood as _. A. “Differen

28、t words may mean quite different things.” B. “Interest is permanent while friendship is flexible.” C. “Im afraid you dont understand the poetry of life.”D. “I think being generous is the base of friendship.”17. From the passage, we can learn that Hans _. A. was extremely wise and noble B. was highly

29、 valued by the Miller C. admired the Miller very much D. had a strong desire for fortune 18. The author described the Millers behavior in order to _. A. warn the readers about the danger of a false friend B. show the friendship between Hans and the Miller C. entertain the readers with an incredible

30、joking taleD. persuade people to be as intelligent as the Mille19. Whats the main cause of Hans tragedy? A. True friendship between them. B. A lack of formal education. C. A sudden change of weather. D. Blind devotion to a friend. 20. From the Millers talk at home, we can see he was _. A. serious bu

31、t kind B. selfish and cold-heartedC. caring but strict D. helpful and generous参考答案 16-20:BCADB社会生活类-201*陕西卷 Spring is coming, and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs. Competition is tough, so job seekers must carefully consider their personal choices. Whatever we are wearing, our

32、 family and friends may accept us, but the workplace may not. A high school newspaper editor said it is unfair for companies to discourage visible tattoos(纹身), nose rings, or certain dress styles. It is true you cant judge a book by its cover, yet people do “cover” themselves in order to convey(传递)c

33、ertain messages. What we wear, including tattoos and nose rings, is an expression of who we are. Just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearances, so do companies. Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons, but the main concern is often about what cust

34、omers accept. Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom, but for businesses it is more about whether to make or lose money. Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees(雇员)，because those people represent the companies to their customer.As a hiring manage

35、r I am paid to choose the people who would make the best impression on our customers. There are plenty of wellqualified candidates, so it is not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint my customers. Even though I am openminded, I cant expect all our customers are.There is nobody to blame but yo

36、urself if your set of choices does not match that of your preferred employer. No company should have to change to satisfy a candidate simply because he or she is unwilling to respect its standards, as long as its standards are legal.57Which of the following is the newspaper editors opinion according

37、 to Paragraph 2? APeoples appearances carry messages about themselves.BCustomers choices influence dress standards in companies.CCandidates with tattoos or nose rings should be fairly treated.DStrange dress styles should not be encouraged in the workplace.58What can be inferred from the text? ACandi

38、dates have to wear what companies prefer for an interview.BWhat to wear is not a matter of personal choice for companies.CCompanies sometimes have to change to respect their candidates. DHiring managers make the best impression on their candidates.59Which of the following would be the best title for

39、 the text? AEmployees MatterBPersonal Choices MatterCAppearances MatterDHiring Managers Matter60The authors attitude towards strange dress styles in the workplace may best be described as_. Aenthusiastic Bnegative Cpositive Dsympathetic【要点综述】又是一年毕业季，很多大学毕业生又要开始为寻找一份可以赖以生存的工作而奔忙了，但是，影响就业成功的因素很多，其中有一点

40、就是面试时的着装。 57C推理判断题。根据第二段的首句可知报纸编辑认为有纹身或戴鼻环去面试的人应该受到公平的对待，故本题选C。58B推理判断题。通读第三段可知本文作者的意思是：员工的穿着不再是员工的私人问题，而是影响到公司的声誉和发展的大问题。选B。59C主旨大意题。本文大意是关于员工的着装问题，故本题选C。60B作者意图题。根据本文后两段可知，作者不赞成员工着奇装异服，即作者的态度是“否定的”，故选B。(三)An “apple polisher” is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment. It is not

41、exactly a bribe(贿赂), but is close to it.All sorts of people are “apple polishers”， including politicians and people in high officesjust about everybody. Oliver Cromwell, the great English leader, offered many gifts to win the support of George Fox and his party, but failed.There are other phrases me

42、aning the same thing as “applepolishing”“softsoaping” or “butteringup”. A gift is just one way to “softsoap” somebody, or to “butter him up”. Another that is just as effective is flattery, giving someone high praisetelling him how good he looks, or how well he speaks, or how talented and wise he is.

43、Endless are the ways of flattery. Who does not love to hear it? Only an unusual man can resist the thrill of being told how wonderful he is. In truth, flattery is good medicine for most of us, who get so little of it.We need it to be more sure of ourselves. It cannot hurt unless we get carried away

44、by it. But if we just lap it up for its good value and nourishment, as a cat laps up milk, then we can still remain true to ourselves.Sometimes, however, flattery will get you nothing from one who has had too much of it. A good example is the famous 12th century legend of King Canute of Denmark and

45、England. The king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣). They overpraised him to the skies, as a man of limitless might.He decided to teach them a lesson. He took them to the seashore and sat down. Then he ordered the waves to stop coming in. The tide was too busy

46、 to listen to him. The king was satisfied. This might show his followers how weak his power was and how empty their flattery was.1Which of the following activities has nothing to do with “applepolishing”？AA boy tells his girlfriend how pretty she looks.BAn employee tells her boss how good he is at m

47、anagement.CA knight is said to be of limitless power by his followers.DA teacher praises her students for their talent and wisdom.2What does the writer want to prove with Cromwells example?AEverybody can be an apple polisher.BCromwell was not a good apple polisher.CGeorge Fox and his party were not

48、apple polishers.DThere are people who dont like being applepolished.3Which of the following statements about flattery is TRUE according to the author?AToo much flattery can carry us away.BFlattery is too empty to do people any good.CFlattery can get you nothing but excessive(过度的) pride.DFlattery is

49、one of the ways to applepolished people.4Why did King Canute of Denmark and England take his followers to the seashore?ABecause he was sick of his normal life.BBecause he disliked being overpraised any more.CBecause he wanted them to realize how wise he was.DBecause he wanted them to see how weak he

50、 was as a king.5Who does the author think that flattery can do good to?AThose who are politicians or in high offices.BThose who lack confidence.CThose who are really excellent.DThose who think highly of themselves. (三)【要点综述】本文论述了现代社会存在的一个普遍现象，人们往往为了自己的一点儿利益去送礼或者说一些阿谀奉承的话，当然有时即使这样做了也未必就能实现自己的愿望。1D推理判

51、断题。根据“An apple polisher is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment.”可知，一个老师表扬学生并不是想得到什么好处。故选D项。2A细节理解题。根据“All sorts of people are apple polishers，including politicians and people in high officesjust about everybody.Oliver Cromwell，the great English leader，offered many gifts to win

52、 the support of George Fox and his party，but failed.”可知，高层的领导者也有拍马屁的人，可以想象每个人都可能是这种人。故选A项。3D细节理解题。根据“An apple polisher is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment.”和“A gift is just one way to softsoap somebody，or to butter him upAnother that is just as effective is flattery”可知选D项。4

53、B细节理解题。根据“The king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣)”可知国王厌烦了朝臣们的阿谀奉承，故选B项。5B细节理解题。根据“In truth，flattery is good medicine for most of us，who get so little of it.We need it to be more sure of ourselves.It cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it.”可知，对于缺乏自信的人来说，奉承是有好处的。故选B项。