1、Unit 6SurvivalSection BUsing language课后篇巩固提升必备知识基础练.单句填空1.He returned to his motherland and joined the army as soon as the war (break) out.答案broke2.(inform) of a number of food safety incidents,consumers become more careful in choosing milk products.答案Informed3.How do people (react) to the news that
2、 the president will give a lecture at the famous university?答案react4.The future of human life depends on how we (respond) to the risks of climate change.答案respond5.Always get rid your rubbish properly and recycle waste(eg.glass,paper)where possible.答案of6.To make matters worse,Moth (diagnose)with a s
3、erious disease.答案was diagnosed7.If it were not for the fact that she cant sing,I would invite her (take) part in the party.答案to take.短语填空be determined to;respond to;cope with;prevent from;be crowded with;react to 1.With the help of my teacher,I felt confident of my spoken English and I take part in
4、the Speech Contest.答案was determined to2.Though I was tired out that evening,I falling asleep by the great pain in my knee.答案was prevented from3.The report found that youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they social media posts quickly.答案did not respond to4.We wonder how he the news
5、at that time.答案reacted to5.The stadium fans,many of whom were wearing the same T-shirts.答案was crowded with6.His bad learning strategy made him unable the problems.答案to cope with.完成句子1.在某种程度上,我们可以将造纸术和印刷术的发明与20世纪早期互联网的引入相媲美。In a way,we can compare the invention of paper and printing with the introduc
6、tion of the Internet .答案early in the 20th century2.有一些健康问题,如果不及时治疗,以后会酿成大问题。There are some health problems that,if not ,can become bigger ones later on.答案treated in time3.这名球员接受了两年的治疗,他很有可能在下一场比赛中及时从伤病中恢复过来。The player was under a and the chances are that he will recover from his injury in time for t
7、he next race.答案two-year treatment4.法官裁定越狱的犯人没有犯罪,因为他被关押在恶劣的环境中。A judge has ruled that the prisoner who escaped from prison committed no offense because he had been held .答案in fierce conditions5.这是这位年轻的歌手自成名以来第一次在他的家乡表演。 This is the first time that the young singer has performed in his hometown since
8、 his fame.答案rise to关键能力提升练.七选五Pollution happens when the environment is dirtied,by waste,chemicals,and other harmful substances (物质).Pollution is a problem all over the world.But it is especially bad in large cities with a lot of industries and cars.1Wildfires,volcanoes,and industrial chemicals caus
9、e some air pollution.But most air pollution comes from burning fossil fuels(矿物燃料).These include coal,oil,and natural gas.The burning of fossil fuels may release harmful gases.Air pollution may cause such diseases as cancer and asthma.It also leads to polluted rain that can harm living things.2 Final
10、ly,air pollution damages the ozone layer(臭氧层),which is important because it protects Earth against harmful rays from the sun.Causes of water pollution are easy to see.People dump (倾倒) garbage and dirty water into rivers,lakes and oceans.Factories or cities sometimes release poisonous chemicals,and o
11、ther wastes into water.These chemicals may make the groundwater unfit to drink.3Littering,or throwing garbage on the ground,is a form of land pollution.Litter can destroy the habitats of plants and animals.The buildup of dangerous chemicals in the ground is another form of land pollution.The chemica
12、ls may come from farms or factories.4 They may even harm people who eat the polluted plants and animals.Many governments,environmental groups,and ordinary people are working to control pollution.Governments have passed laws to keep people from releasing dangerous chemicals into the environment.5 Ins
13、tead they are getting power from the sun,wind,water,and other energy sources that produce less pollution.Many communities use recycling to reduce pollution.A.Farmers use chemicals to help crops grow.B.This type of pollution may be seen in big cities.C.They also can harm fish and other forms of life.
14、D.These chemicals can spread to plants and animals.E.In addition,air pollution may be a cause of global warming.F.There are three main forms of pollution:air,water,and land.G.Some companies and people are trying to use fewer fossil fuels.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了污染的三种主要形式和控制污染的措施。1.F由第二至四段分别对air p
15、ollution,water pollution和land pollution的介绍可知,画线处指污染主要有三种形式:空气污染、水污染和土地污染。2.E由该空前的“Air pollution may cause such diseases”和“It also leads to polluted rain”以及该空后的“Finally,air pollution damages the ozone layer”可知,画线处讲的也是大气污染的影响,E项内容“此外,空气污染也可能是全球变暖的原因”符合此处语境。3.C本段主要讲述水污染的原因及影响,由该空前的“These chemicals may
16、make the groundwater unfit to drink.”可知,C项内容“这些化学物质还会危害鱼和其他生物”符合语境。4.D由该空前对污染土地的化学物质的描述以及该空后的“They may even harm people who eat the polluted plants and animals.”可知,这些化学物质会蔓延到植物和动物身上,甚至会危害人类。5.G本段主要讲述控制污染的措施,由该空后的“Instead they are getting power from the sun.”可知,G项内容“一些公司以及有些人正在努力减少矿物燃料的使用”符合此处语境。.完形填
17、空Survival in the AndesOn October 13,1972,a small plane crashed into a mountain in the Andes.How some of the passengers1 to live is one of the greatest survival stories ever told.The survivors2 inside the remains(残骸) of the plane,and waited for a 3 that never came.It was urgent to find a way to 4.Thr
18、ee of the passengers Canessa,Parrado and Vizintin volunteered to 5 through the mountains to search for help.The three men 6 that they would survive and bring back help.For part of the first day,they were glad to make some 7.But as the land and weather changed,climbing became 8.After several days,the
19、y reached what they thought was the top.They had 9 this moment for days.On the other side of the top,they hoped,would be a 10 leading down and out of the mountains.However,they saw the same snow-covered tops.All hope wasnt lost.Parrado 11two low tops far away that didnt have snow.12 they could get t
20、here,they would be out of the Andes.Within the following days they walked toward the two low tops.“This is the valley,” Canessa said.“This is the way 13.” By December 21,the extremely 14 men made it to the town of Los Maitenes,and a rescue team was sent to 15 for the survivors.Finally all of the rem
21、aining survivors were saved.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了1972年10月13日,一架飞机在安第斯山脉坠机,飞机上一些乘客幸存下来,其中三名乘客自愿走出安第斯山脉寻求外界救援,并最终成功帮助其他人获救的故事。1.A.learnedB.managedC.decidedD.expected答案B解析考查动词辨析。句意:一些乘客如何成功活了下来,这是有史以来最伟大的幸存故事之一。manage to do sth.“设法做某事”侧重于成功做某事,这里指成功的活了下来。故选B项。2.A.stayedB.lookedC.turnedD.reached答案A解析考查动词辨析
22、。句意:生还者留在飞机残骸里,等待救援,但始终没有成功。飞机失事,幸存者只有待在飞机残骸里,才能保证自己幸存下来,符合常识。故选A项。3.A.presentB.dangerC.messageD.rescue答案D解析考查名词辨析。由下文可知,三名幸存者自愿走出安第斯山去寻求救援,所以判断出,这些幸存者等待了一段时间,但是救援没有来。故选D项。4.A.prepareB.continueC.escapeD.develop答案C解析考查动词辨析。飞机失事,幸存者被困在安第斯山,所以当务之急就是要找到出去的路。故选C项。5.A.journeyB.compareC.measureD.expand答案A解
23、析考查动词辨析。句意:其中的三名乘客Canessa,Parrado和Vizintin自愿穿越山脉寻求帮助。这里的journey指的是三名志愿者长途旅行去寻找救援。故选A项。6.A.admittedB.promisedC.informedD.reminded答案B解析考查动词辨析。句意:这三个人保证他们会活下去,并找人来救援。promise,承诺,即表明三位志愿者对于完成任务的信心,也表示给予其他幸存者以希望。故选B项。7.A.policyB.helpC.progressD.advice答案C解析考查名词辨析。句意:第一天的时间里,他们很高兴取得了一些进展。由“glad”可知,他们取得了一些进展
24、。make progress,取得进步,符合句意。故选C项。8.A.narrowerB.heavierC.sharperD.tougher答案D解析考查形容词比较级辨析。句意:但随着地带和天气的变化,攀登变得更加艰难。由But可知,地带和天气的变化导致了攀登变得不顺利,变得更加艰难了。故选D项。9.A.imaginedB.arrangedC.witnessedD.appreciated答案A解析考查动词辨析。句意:他们几天来一直在想象这一刻。由上文“ After several days,they reached what they thought was the top” 可知,几天后,他们
25、到达了他们认为是顶峰的地方。所以这是他们一直在想象的时刻。故选A项。10.A.courtB.valleyC.borderD.channel答案B解析考查名词辨析。句意:在山顶的另一边,他们希望有一个向下延伸且通往山外的山谷。山与山之间的区域是峡谷,也可能是通往外界的路。所以他们很希望能看到这样的山谷。故选B项。11.A.spottedB.countedC.rejectedD.mentioned答案A解析考查动词辨析。句意:尽管他们还在山的中央,但Parrado发现了远处两个没有雪的低山顶。spot,发现,有惊讶和出人意料之意。他们走了很多天,发现了低山顶,看到了希望。故选A项。12.A.Bec
26、auseB.HowC.WhereD.If答案D解析考查连词辨析。句意:如果他们能到达那里,他们就会走出安第斯山脉。根据前文可知并非所有的希望都破灭了。本句表条件。故选D项。13.A.behindB.outC.apartD.off答案B解析考查副词辨析。句意:这就是出去的路。由前文“If they could get there,they would be out of the Andes.”可知,如果他们到达那里,他们就有可能走出安第斯山,所以走出用out。故选B项。14.A.tiredB.disappointedC.frightenedD.puzzled答案A解析考查形容词辨析。句意:到12
27、月21日,那些极度疲惫人来到了洛斯梅滕镇,一支救援队被马上派出去搜寻那些幸存者。由12 月21日可知,三个志愿者走了好多天,所以他们一定很疲惫。故选A项。15.A.fightB.callC.searchD.ask答案C解析考查动词辨析。句意:到12月21日,那些极度疲惫的人来到了洛斯梅滕镇,一支救援队被马上派出去搜寻那些幸存者。search for,搜寻。因为不知道其他幸存者具体在什么位置,所以要去搜寻他们的位置。故选C项。.语法填空The giant panda,also 1. (know) as panda bear or simply panda,is a bear native 2.
28、south central China.For the past many years,the giant panda 3. (drive)out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming,deforestation and other 4. (develop).Wild population estimates vary:one estimate shows that there are about 1,590 individuals 5. (live)in the wild,while a 2006 st
29、udy estimated that this figure could be as high as 2,000 to 3,000.Some reports also show that 6. number of giant pandas in the wild is on the rise.The West first learned of the giant panda on March 11,1869,7. the French missionary(传教士)Armand David received a panda skin from a hunter.In 1936,Ruth Har
30、kness became the first Westerner 8. (bring)a live giant panda named Su Lin to the Brookfield Zoo in Chicago.To protect the pandas,in 2012,Earthwatch Institute,a global non-profit organisation that teams volunteers with scientists to conduct important 9. (science)research,launched a program called“On
31、 the Trail of Giant Pandas”.This program,based in the Wolong National Nature Reserve,allows volunteers to work up close with pandas cared for in captivity (圈养),and help them 10. (gradual)adapt to life in the wild.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了野生大熊猫,及对野生大熊猫的保护。1.known考查非谓语动词。句意:大熊猫,也被称为熊猫,是一种原产于中国中南部的熊。
32、分析句子可知本句主谓齐全,因此本空在句中作非谓语动词。know与主语giant panda是动宾关系,应用过去分词作状语,表被动,故填known。2.to考查介词。句意:大熊猫,也被称为熊猫,是一种原产于中国中南部的熊。native to,固定用法,指当地土生的。故填to。3.has been driven考查时态和被动语态。句意:在过去的许多年里,由于农业、森林砍伐和其他发展,大熊猫被赶出了它曾经生活过的低海拔地区。主语the giant panda,为第三人称单数,与动词drive是动宾关系,应用第三人称单数的被动语态。根据时间标志词“for the past many years”可知,
33、应用现在完成时,表示对现在造成的影响。故填has been driven。4.development考查名词。as a result of为介词短语,后跟名词、代词等,意为“由于的原因”,因此本空应用名词形式,与farming,deforestation并列。故填development。 5.living考查非谓语动词。句意:野生大熊猫的数量估计各不相同:一项估计显示,大约有1,590只大熊猫生活在野外。分析句子结构可知本空应用动词-ing形式作后置定语,修饰individuals,表主动。故填living。6.the考查冠词。句意:一些报告还显示,野生大熊猫的数量正在增加。the numbe
34、r of sth.,固定短语,某物的数量。故填the。7.when考查连词。句意:西方人第一次听说大熊猫是在1869年3月11日,当时法国传教士阿曼德戴维从一位猎人那里得到了一张熊猫皮。分析句子结构可知本空应用连词连接,作句子的时间状语。连词when,在时候,符合题意。故填when。8.to bring考查考查非谓语动词。句意:1936年,露丝哈克尼斯成为第一个把一只名叫苏琳的活大熊猫带到芝加哥布鲁克菲尔德动物园的西方人。分析句子结构可知本空应用动词不定式作后置定语,修饰名词Westerner。故填to bring。9.scientific考查形容词。句意:为了保护大熊猫,2012年,全球非营利组织地球观察研究所(Earthwatch Institute)推出了一个名为“追踪大熊猫”(On the Trail of Giant Pandas)的项目。该机构与科学家组成志愿者团队,进行重要的科学研究。分析句子结构可知本空应用形容词形式作定语修饰名词research。故填scientific。10.gradually考查副词。句意:这个项目位于卧龙国家级自然保护区,志愿者们可以近距离接触圈养的大熊猫,帮助它们逐渐适应野外生活。分析句子结构可知本空应用副词形式修饰动词adapt,作状语。故填gradually。
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