1、北京市丰台区2021届高三一模英语试题英 语2021.03本试卷满分共100分考试时间 90分钟注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。2.本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。3.请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。4.请保持答题卡卡面清洁，
2、不要装订、不要折叠、不要破损。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。This was the fifth time Id been to the National Annual Competition. Reporters had been saying that I looked unbeatable. Everyone expected me to 1 . But I knew something was 2 because I cou
3、ldnt get this one picture out of my head: a picture of me, falling. “Go away,” Id say. But the image wouldnt 3 .It was time to skate. The music started, slowly, and I told myself, “Have fun, Michael! Its just a(n) 4 .”Once the music picked up, I started skating faster. Id practiced the routine so ma
4、ny times, and I didnt have to think about 5 came next. But when I came down from the jump, my foot slipped from under me. I put a hand on the ice to 6 myself, but it didnt do any good.Things kept getting 7 . On a triple flip(三周跳) I spun through the air, and just as I landed, my whole body went down
5、again. There I was, flat on the ice, with the whole world 8 .I didnt think Id be able to pull myself together. But as I got up, I heard an amazing 9 . People were clapping in time to the music. They were trying to give me courage.I wasnt surprised by my scores. However, the audience s clapping woke
6、me up! I was so busy trying not to 10 that I forgot to feel what was in my heart- the love for skating.1. A. winB. enjoyC. shareD. relax2. A. challengingB. missingC. wrongD. dangerous3. A. returnB. leaveC. appearD. stay4. A. sportB. activityC. picture D. accident5. A. whenB. whyC. whoD. what6. A. pr
7、epareB. catchC. comfortD. measure7. A. clearerB. easierC. heavierD. worse8. A. watchingB. expectingC. ignoringD. changing9. A. voiceB. storyC. soundD. idea10. A. collapseB. resistC. fallD. escape第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5 分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AOnce upon a t
8、ime, in a small town lived a man who couldnt see. Yet, he carried a lighted lamp with him whenever he went at night. One night, he came 11 a group of travelers. One of them asked him, “Hey, man! You cant see anything! Why do you carry a lighted lamp then?” The blind man replied, “Yes, 12 (unfortunat
9、e), I am blind but the lighted lamp I am carrying is for people like you who can see. You may not see me coming and end up knocking into me. That is_ 13 I carry a lighted lamp.BIn recent years, Chinese literature has gained more popularity worldwide. An increasing number of Chinese literary works 14
10、 (translate) into multiple languages, including English, French, Japanese and Russian, and read by people from countries and regions 15 (involve) in the Belt and Road Initiative(“一带一路”倡议). Not only have the 16 (story) from Chinas past made their way through time, but the beauty of the language has d
11、rawn the worlds attention.CLast July Chinas manned submersible(载人潜艇) Fendouzhe 17 (dive) 10,909 meters deep in the Mariana Trench. This is the 18 (deep) diving record for a Chinese manned submersible. The pressure underwater is very strong, 19 is like an elephant standing on the tip of your finger.
12、Fendouzhe can carry up to three people. The egg shape makes it easier for the scientists 20 (move) around and study the sea.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节 阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2分,共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题一卡上将该项涂黑。AVarious Apps to LearnApps are typical digital learning tools, which can give you dive
13、rse and personalized content to meet your needs. Want to find an app that can help you learn? Here are some great ideas for you.Khan Academy allows you to learn almost anything for free. It covers subjects such as math, physics, biology, and even computer science. The real magic of this app is that
14、you can learn at your own pace. You can review subjects that you are not good at, or start learning a subject you like. The app is in English. If you want to see its translation you can visit http:/open. I BrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a fun and simple way. Its free and teaches you somet
15、hing new every day. From the solar system to DNA, each topic starts with an interesting cartoon movie. After youve watched it, you can take a test to see how much youve learned.Udemy is a “learn on demand website and app. It is for career-oriented individuals to start their course pricing at $10.99.
16、 This app allows you the flexibility to take your time on a course you purchase over the course of several months, without worrying about recurring(重复的) payments before you finish. This flexible learning app allows you to take things slow, fast, or anywhere in-between with complete control on your e
17、nd.Duolingo is the premier leader in language education for learning apps. You can learn to speak 29 different languages, all at the touch of a button. Youll be invited to not only read new words, but to speak them. Youll learn grammar and conversational strategies. This app helps you learn to commu
18、nicate with a new portion of its inhabitants!21. According to the passage, what apps allow you to learn at your speed?A. Khan Academy and Udemy.B. Udemy and Duolingo.C. Khan Academy and BrainPOP.D. BrainPOP and Duolingo.22. What can Duolingo offer its users?A. Subjects reviewing.B. Speaking practice
19、.C. Technical support.D. Career training.23. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To compare the difference of different learning methods.B. To introduce the development of learning technology.C. To help find the suitable learning apps.D. To provide various learning activities.BRecycling Electronic
20、 WasteWhen Alex Lin was 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper, which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping(丢弃) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into
21、the environment, getting into crops, animals, water suppliesand people.Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WINthe Westerly Innovations Network. Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before.But what could they d
22、o about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans. They learned how to dispose(处置) of e-waste properly and how it could be recycled. Then, they sent out a survey and found only one in eight knew wh
23、at e-waste was, let alone how to properly dispose of it.Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot. The drive lasted two days, and they collected ove
24、r 9,500 kilograms of e-waste.The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town. After some research, theyd learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling. So, they began learning to refurbish(翻新) com
25、puters themselves and distributed them to students who didnt have their own. In this way, they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time.For a lasting solution to e-waste, the drop-off center wasnt enough. Laws would have to be passed. In 2016, WIN helped push for
26、an e-waste bill in their town, which required companies that manufactured or sold electronics to take back e-waste. The bill clearly forbids the dumping of e-waste.Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of c-waste. As Ale
27、x says, “Todays technology should not become tomorrow s harmful garbage.24. What was Alexs worry after he read the article?A. The littering of e-waste.B. The recycling of plastic.C. The change of environment.D. The overuse of old computers.25. What did Alex do to start the project?A. Set up WIN.B. C
28、ollect information.C. Ask friends for help.D. Carry out a survey. 26. Which can best describe the way Alex and his team did their work?A. Traditional.B. Competitive.C. Scientific.D. Convenient.27. What message does the story convey?A. There is no end to perfection.B. Success comes through failure.C.
29、 Every positive attitude has a reward.D. Young people can make a big difference.CJust because a scientist puts a GPS tracking collar on a wild polar bear does not mean the animal will willingly keep it on. They can remove it, if one becomes annoying. But scientists have now found a way of using sign
30、als from those dropped collars to track the ice itself.The scientists identified 20 collars that transmitted movement data consistent with ice drift( 漂流) rather than polar bear motion between 2005 and 2015. The resulting records of how melting ice drifts in Hudson Bay are unique; there are no easily
31、 accessible on-the-ground sensors, and satellite observations often cannot accurately capture the motion of small ice sheets.The team compared the removed collars movements to widely used ice- drift modeling data from the U.S. National Snow and Ice Data Center(NSIDC). Collar data indicated that the
32、NSIDC model underestimates the speed at which ice moves around in Hudson Bay- as well as the overall extent of drift. Over the course of several months the model could diverge(偏离) from an ice sheets location by a few hundred kilometers, the scientists say.This means the bears may be working harder,
33、when moving against the direction of the ice, than scientists had assumed, “Since we re underestimating the speed of drift, were likely underestimating the energetic effort of polar bears, says Ron Togunov, who led the study.The study reveals timely insight into how highly mobile ice moves. As melti
34、ng increases in coming years, such ice will likely become more common farther north, in the central Arctic, says Andy Mahoney, a geophysicist at the University of Alaska, who was not involved in the study. Scientists had known NSIDC data could underestimate drift speeds, Mahoney says, but “any time
35、we can find a data gap and plug it is a good thing.”Plus, such data could improve predictions about how oil spills or other pollutants may spread in seas littered with drifting ice, says Walt Meier, a senior NSIDC research scientist. The findings may even influence future NSIDC models, “Its a really
36、 nice data set, Meier says. “And certainly one well take under consideration.”28. What can a GPS tracking collar do?A. Measure the depth of ice sheet.B. Capture the movement of ice.C. Describe the melting speed of ice.D. Record the emotional state of bears.29. What can we learn about the collar data
37、?A. It shows the ice moves more slowly from its original location.B. It may reveal polar bears are not so energetic as before.C. It indicates the ice is more likely to move south in the central Arctic.D. It can help predict the location of some pollutants in seas.30. Which would be the best title fo
38、r this passage?A. Data Tells a Different StoryB. Wild Polar Bears SignalingC. Insights into a Puzzling AspectD. Ice Is Taken under ConsiderationDAt university, when 1 told people I was studying for a history degree, the response was almost always the same, “You want to be a teacher? No, a journalist
39、. “Oh. But youre not majoring in communications?”In the days when a university education was a privilege, perhaps there wasnt the assumption that a degree had to be a springboard directly into a career. Those days are long gone. Today, a degree is all but a necessity for the job market, one that mor
40、e than halves your chances of being unemployed. Still, that alone is no guarantee of a job- and yet were paying more and more for one.Given those costs, most of us want to maximize that investment- and that can lead to a plug-and -play type of approach to higher education. Want to be a journalist? S
41、tudy journalism, were told. A lawyer? Pursue pre-law. Not totally sure? Go into STEM(Science, Technology, Engineer and Maths)you can become an engineer or an IT expert. And no matter what you do, forget the humanities, such as history, philosophy and languages.Its true that the humanities come with
42、a higher risk of unemployment, but the risk is slighter than you would imagine. For young people in the U.S., the unemployment rate of those with humanities degrees is four percent, just a little more than that of engineering degree holders. Lower salaries may not be caused by the degree itself eith
43、er. The gender pay gap persists in the humanities, whose graduates are more likely to be female. Is it any wonder then that language teachers tend to make less than engineers?According to LinkedIns research on the most sought-after job skills by employers for 2019, the ability to communicate and get
44、 along with people, to understand whats on other people s minds, and to do full-strength critical analysis were all valued and appreciated. It goes without saying that you can be an excellent communicator and critical thinker without a humanities degree. And any good university education, not just o
45、ne in English or psychology, should sharpen these abilities further. But few courses of study are quite as heavy on reading, writing, speaking and critical thinking as the humanities- whether thats by debating other students in a seminar, writing a thesis paper or analyzing poetry.The whole question
46、 of whether a student should choose STEM versus the humanities might be misguided to begin with. The headlines most of us see dont help. Whatever a student pursues in university, it must be something that they are not only good at, but interested in. Even if it means pursuing a “useless” degree- lik
47、e one in humanities.31. Why are people paying more and more for a degree?A. Because people need a degree to further their career.B. Because university education is considered a privilege.C. Because a degree is viewed as a must for landing a job.D. Because their interest can be developed in universit
48、y.32. The author mentioned a plug-and-play type of approach to showA. a tip for choosing a majorB. the importance of higher educationC. a problem that exists among STEM graduatesD. the reason why people overlook the humanities33. According to the author, what is the benefit of majoring in humanities
49、?A. A comparatively high salary after graduation.B. Better chances of getting rid of gender prejudice.C. A better communicative skill than science students.D. More exposure to the training of language and thinking.34. What is the authors attitude towards the pursuit of humanities?A. Doubtful.B. Opti
50、mistic.C. Objective.D. Concerned.第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。What Can We See in a Logo?We see hundreds of logos on signs, vehicles, websites, and even on the clothes we wear. All of these logos are designed to attract our attention. 35 However, recently research s
51、upports the idea that remembering what a logo looks like is a very difficult task.Researchers gave 85 students a simple assignment to draw the Apple logo purely from memory. Surprisingly, only one student in the study could accurately draw the logo from memory. 36 Researchers have developed a theory
52、 that they think might help to explain this blind spot in our memories.Logos are typically designed to be simple and easy to recognize with a quick glance. Yet the frequent exposure to these logos can actually make our brains overlook them. This process is known as “attentional saturation(注意力饱和).” 3
53、7 Even though the brain is accustomed to ignoring unnecessary details, it is also programmed for recognition. When we see images such as logos over and over again, we become familiar with them. This constant exposure leads to something scientists refer to as gist(梗概) memory. 38 This general sense of
54、 memory has its own benefits. In fact, familiarity with a popular logo can even make people feel more comfortable about purchasing or using certain products.Logos are everywhere we look today. A fancy design or a thoughtful color combination may be a good start for a logo concept, but there are othe
55、r factors to consider. 39 A clever design may be interesting, but most people will forget the details- especially if our brains have anything to say about it.A. This may be inspiring to logo designers.B. People will know the product behind the logo.C. So why is it so difficult for people to recall t
56、he details of images?D. They also help us remember a product or service connected to that image.E. It means that our brain remembers the basic idea without all of the details.F. Our brains actually signal us to ignore information we dont think we will need to remember.G. Logo designers need to know
57、that people will only remember what they believe is worthwhile.第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节 阅读表达(共4小题;第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分,共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题日要求回答问题。Most young people are accustomed to having online profiles on their mobile devices, such as smart phones, pads, and laptops. These devices contain a significant
58、amount of information about them and their friends and family, including contact numbers, photos and locations. Since they are exposed to cyber more frequently, young people need to be aware of cyber threats and have a good understanding of cybersecurity, the measures taken to protect systems, netwo
59、rks, devices, and programs from digital attacks.Cybersecurity experts continually identify the use of strong, unique passwords as one of their top recommendations. However, because young people have been using passwords online for most of their lives, they might not have stopped to think about how u
60、nsafe their passwords actually are. Indeed, strong passphrases, passcodes Or other features such as touch identification to lock their devices can help protect their information if their devices are lost or stolen.Public wireless networks are widely used nowadays, however, they are not safe, which m
61、eans that anyone could possibly see what you are doing on your laptop or smart phone while you are connected to them. Young people should limit what they do on public WiFi, and avoid logging in to personal accounts like email and E-pay. If needing a safer connection, they should consider using a vir
62、tual private network (VPN) or a personal mobile hotspot.Finally, information on how to act online is important for the safety of young people. They should be taught that they should add “friends” on social media only if they know who he or she is. They should also be made aware that posting pictures
63、 of other people without their permission might get themselves into trouble.Starting to use these methods and raising the certain awareness of cybersecurity at an early age can dramatically improve the security of a young person s online life.40. What is cybersecurity?_41. What is the possible dange
64、r of connecting to public wireless networks?_42. Read the following statement, underline the false part of it and explain the reason. Experts continually recommend young people to use passwords frequently because they lack security awareness._43. Please briefly present what you can do to improve you
65、r cybersecurity. (about 40 words)_第二节 应用文写作(共20分)假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Chris和你都喜欢观察和记录生活。他在邮件中询问你记录生活的方式，请你回复邮件，内容包括：1.你记录生活的方式(日记、vlog等)；2.你的感受与收获。注意: 1.词数不少于100字；2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入词数。Dear Chris,_Yours,Li Hua北京市丰台区2021届高三一模英语试题参考答案笔试部分（共100分）第一部分 知识运用第一节 完形填空（共10小题，15分。每小题1.5分）1-5 ACBAD 6-10 BDACC第二节 语
66、法填空 （共10小题，15分。每小题1.5分）11. across 12. unfortunately 13. why14. have been translated/were translated 15. involved 16. stories 17. dived/dove 18. deepest 19. which 20. to move第二部分 阅读理解第一节 阅读理解（共14小题，28分。每小题2分） 21-25 ABCAB 26-30 CDBDA 31-34 CDDC 第二节 七选五（共5小题，10分。每小题2分） 35-39 DCFEG第三部分 书面表达第一节 阅读表达（共4小题
67、，12分。1-2题每小题2分，3小题3分，4小题5分）40. Cybersecurity is the measures taken to protect systems, networks, devices, and programs from digital attacks./ The measures taken to protect systems, networks, devices, and programs from digital attacks./The measures taken to protect your personal information online.41
68、. Anyone could possibly see what you are doing on your laptop or smart phone./What you are doing on your mobile devices will be exposed to other people./Their personal information may leak out (be unsafe).42. Experts continually recommend young people to use passwords frequently because they lack se
69、curity awareness. In spite of frequent use of passwords online, young people may not be aware of how unsafe their passwords actually are. So experts continually recommend them to use strong, unique passwords. 43. Firstly, I will design strong passwords to unlock my mobile phone. Also, when in public
70、 places, I choose to use my mobile hotspot rather than public WiFi. Besides, if strangers ask me to add “friends” on WeChat, I tend to refuse. (43 words)第二节 应用文写作（共20分）Possible version 1:Dear Chris,How is everything going? Knowing that youre curious about how I take a record of my life, Im more than
71、 happy to share it with you.Since I was a little child, Ive been friends with diary, with whom I can share my deepest feelings and thoughts. When I read my diary page by page, all my memories flash back clearly to me. Its a really valuable record of my growth.Nowadays, many teenagers around me prefe
72、r to share their vlogs on the social media like bilibili or WeChat momets. But as for me, diary is like wine, the longer, the better. It will be my life-lasting friend. What about you? Im looking forward to your earliest reply. （129words）Yours,Li HuaPossible version 2:Dear Chris,How are you doing? I
73、ts a pleasure to receive your email asking me about the ways I record my daily life and Id love to share them with you. I have developed a habit of keeping a diary since I was young. My diary is not only the place where I take down whatever happens to me but a best friend who I can tell my deepest f
74、eelings and thoughts to. Recently, I have been experimenting with vlog, which, as you know, is an increasingly popular way of recording life. Videoing the cherished moments and sharing them on social media is such an experience that I have gained great pleasure from it.In my opinion, whatever the way is, it is to prepare you to have a taste of the beauty of life. What do you think of it？I am looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua 11 / 11
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