1、现在完成时的被动语态新知导引1(教材原句P18)Over time I _(change)quite a lot.2(教材原句P18)Since the 1970s many new applications _(find)for me.3(教材原句P18)I _(use)in offices and homes since the 1970s.4The ink _ from the clothes.5_ your problem been solved?6How many buildings _ in your school?have been changedhave been foundh
2、ave been usedhas not been removedHaventhave been built共性呈现1以上几句中的时态和语态是 _。2以上几句中第句是该时态的_句式；第句是_句式；第句是_句式；第句是 _句式。现在完成时的被动语态肯定否定一般疑问特殊疑问语法精释一、结构肯定式主语have/has been done.否定式主语have/has not been done.一般疑问式Have/Has主语been done.？特殊疑问式疑问词have/has主语been done.？He has been selected to take part in the sports me
3、eting.他已被挑选出来参加运动会。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。Has the date for the next meeting been decided?下次会议的日期已决定了吗？How long has the battery not been changed?电池多久没有更换了？即时演练1 变换句子The children have already been told the good news.(1)将上面的句子变为否定句。_(2)将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。_(3)将上面的句子对the c
4、hildren进行提问。_The children havent been told the good news yet.Have the children been told the good news yet?Who has been told the good news yet?二、用法1现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already,yet,just,never,recently等副词连用。The machine has already been repaired.机器已经修好了。2表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可
5、能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long.？”句型中。Financial problems of the company have been discussed fornearly two hours.公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。How long has this film been shown?这部电影已放映多长时间了？3用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。You shouldnt leave school before your homework has been finish
6、ed.在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。名师点津 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：already 已经yet 已经recently/lately 最近since then 从那时起ever since 自那以来ever 曾经so far 迄今为止for a long time 很长一段时间by now 到现在为止in recent years 在最近几年里in/during/over the past/last years 在过去的几年里即时演练2(1)用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子Jacks boss has always praised him for his devotion to w
7、ork.Jack _ by his boss for his devotion to work.They have found a good place to build a temple in the village.A good place _ to build a temple in the village.We havent yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem.How to solve that difficult technological problem _ yet.has always bee
8、n praisedhas been foundhasnt been decided(2)补全句子I will go home when my homework _.当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。Paper money _ for over one thousand years.纸币已被使用了1,000多年了。has been finishedhas been used三、注意事项1只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。His boss has already punished him.He has already been punished(by his bo
9、ss)2带有双宾语的动词，如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently.He has been given a chance to work abroad recently(by the company)A chance to wor
10、k abroad has been given to him recently(by the company)即时演练3 将下面句子变为被动语态(1)I have asked her to help you._(2)We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years._(3)He has sent me an e-mail._She has been asked to help you.Many trees have been planted on the hill in the last 5 years.I have been
11、 sent an e-mail.An e-mail has been sent to me.单句语法填空1Their new house has been _(decorate)for two months and they will settle in it in the near future.2All the athletes _(select)from millions of people all over the country in the past two months.3A new library in our school _(set)up so far and they w
12、ill be put into use very soon.4A great many machines _(produce)by the factory since the technological revolution.5Great changes _(take)place in my hometown and you can see that a lot of factories _(set)up.decoratedhave been selectedhas been sethave been producedhave takenhave been set6Its the first
13、time that the old computer _(check)since I bought it.7Since your work _(finish),you can have a rest now.8More than 100 famous films _(show)in the city since July.9Toms novel has not _(publish)10Three new schools _(open)in our city in the past five years.has been checkedhas been finishedhave been sho
14、wnbeen publishedhave been opened.语法与写作1_(男孩们已经被多次告知)not to swim in that lake,but it doesnt make any difference.2We are glad to be told that Li Tao _(已经被复旦大学录取)for his top score in the Maths Contest.3With the help of high technology,more and more new materials _(已经被发现)in the past years.4When and wher
15、e to go for the on-salary holiday _(没有确定)yet.The boys have been told many timeshas been admitted to Fudan Universityhave been discoveredhas not been decided5Though we dont know what was discussed,yet we can feel the topic _(改变了)6Peoples health _(受到了很大的影响)by air,noise and water.has been changedhas be
16、en greatly affected.语法填空As a student in college,getting your first car 1._(be)an exciting event.However,since students 2._(general)do not have any experience in buying cars,its a good idea to do some research first.Here are some useful 3._(suggest)for students on buying a car.1答案与解析：is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。
17、getting做主语，谓语用单数，且文章描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。2答案与解析：generally 考查副词。所填词修饰谓语动词，因此需要用副词形式。3答案与解析：suggestions 考查名词。根据前面的some useful可知，此处表示“一些有用的建议”，故填名词suggestions。Firstly,you need to take costs 4._ consideration.Some cars break down more often than others and need much money,so make sure to remember this when 5.
18、_(choose)a car.4答案与解析：into 考查介词。take sth.into consideration意为“把考虑在内”。5答案与解析：choosing 考查非谓语动词。此处在when后填v.-ing形式作状语，when choosingwhen you are choosing。If you cant afford insurance,then you might not be ready 6._(buy)a car.If you shop around,you may be able to find a better price than just going along
19、with 7._ first company you contact.Ask about good student discounts(折扣)many insurance companies offer a 8._(low)rate if you have good grades.6答案与解析：to buy 考查非谓语动词。be ready to do sth.意为“准备好做某事”。7答案与解析：the 考查冠词。在序数词first前面用定冠词the。8答案与解析：lower 考查形容词的比较级。根据上文的Ask about good student discounts(折扣)可知，这里是指如
20、果学习成绩好，就能获得更低的价格。If you do a lot of driving,9._ will be in your best interests to pick a car that saves gas.Be sure to read the contract(合同)and check 10._ there are any unexpected costs.If you dont understand something,ask!9答案与解析：it 考查代词。此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是本句中的不定式。10答案与解析：if/whether 考查宾语从句。根据句意可知，此处填表示“是否”的连接词引导宾语从句。
