1、2021高考英语词汇串记与阅读训练（三十八）Part 1 词汇精炼初级词汇Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minorities. Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and （tradition）cultures developed in （variety）sites ， （include）Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Can
2、yon, Potala Palace. The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank roads. It is also home many national minorities and their dances and folk customs. Today, although the traces of the ancient road are （fade）away, its cultural and historic values remain.Exercise 1：将
3、蓝色标记的词汇或者短语写出中文意思1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Exercise 2：将短文中的空格处补充完整1 2 3 4 5 答案：1. traditional 2. various 3. including 4. to 5.fadingExercise 3：全文翻译 答案：茶马古道两边，生活着20多个少数民族。不同的地方有着各自美丽而神奇的自然风景和传统文化，比如:大理，丽江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅鲁藏布江大峡谷和布达拉宫。 古道的两旁有庙宇、岩石壁画、骚站(post house), 古桥和木板路，还
4、有少数民族舞蹈和民族服装。时至今天，虽然这 条古道的踪迹都消失了，但它的文化和历史价值仍然存在。高级词汇Modern humans first came to China from Central Asia India about 50,000 BC. These were Stone Age people, lived in caves and wore fur and leather. By around 4,000 BC, these people （start）to farm rice and keep sheep and chickens. By about 3,000 BC, th
5、ey were using pottery and living in houses. By 2,000 BC, Chinese people （enter）the Bronze Age and had begun to use writing. By about700 BC，Chinese metal-workers learned to make iron （tool）and weapons.Exercise 1：将蓝色标记的词汇或者短语写出中文意思1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Exercise 2：将短文中的空格处补充完整1 2 3 4 5 6 答案：1. or
6、2. who 3.were starting 4.had entered 5.tools Exercise 3：全文翻译 答案：现代人类约公元前50000年第一次从中 亚或印度来到中国。这些石器时代的人，居住在洞穴中，穿着毛皮。公元前4000 年左右，这些人开始种植水稻，并饲养羊和鸡。约公元前3000年，他们开始使用陶器并住在房子里。到公元前2000 年，中国人已进入青铜时代，并开始用于写字。约公元前700年，中国的金属工人 学会制作铁器工具和武器。Part 2 阅读练习After years of observing human nature,I have decided that two
7、qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity and discontent.I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either.And I have never known an average man who had both.The two belong together.Together,these deep human urges(驱策力)count for much
8、 more than ambition.Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground.Like Galileo,all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent,“Why? Why? Why?”Fortunately,curiosity and discontent dont
9、 have to be learned.We are born with them and need only recapture them.“The great man,” said Mencius(孟子),“is he who does not lose his childs heart.”Yet most of us do lose it.We stop asking questions.We stop challenging custom.We just follow the crowd.And the crowd desires only the calm and restful a
10、verage.It encourages us to occupy our own little corner,to avoid foolish leaps into the dark,to be satisfied.Most of us meet new people,and new ideas,with hesitation.But once having met and liked them,we think how terrible it would have been,had we missed the chance.We will probably have to force ou
11、rselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.How should you start? Modestly,so as not to become discouraged.I think of one friend who couldnt arrange flowers to satisfy herself.She was curious about how the experts did it.How she is one of the experts,writing books on flower arr
12、angement.One way to begin is to answer your own excuses.You havent any special ability? Most people dont; there are only a few geniuses.You havent any time? Thats good,because its always the people with no time who get things done.Harriet Stowe,mother of six,wrote parts of Uncle Toms Cabin while coo
13、king.Youre too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel,and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.However you start,remember there is no better time to start than right now,for youll never be more alive than you are at this moment.1.What does
14、the example of Galileo tell us?A.Trial and error leads to the finding of truth.B.Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.C.Creativity results from challenging authority.D.Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.2.What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent?A.Observe the unknow
15、n around you.B.Develop a questioning mind.C.Lead a life of adventure.D.Follow the fashion.3.What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7?A.Gaining success helps you become an expert.B.The genius tends to get things done creatively.C.Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.D.You should
16、 remain modest when approaching perfection.4.What could be the best title for the passage?A.Curious Minds Never Feel ContentedB.Reflections on Human NatureC.The Keys to AchievementD.Never Too Late to Learn参考答案：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要谈论了伟大成就获得者与平庸者的不同之处在于两方面:好奇心和不满足。1.D推理判断题。根据第二段内容,尤其是第二段第一句内容可推断,作者举伽利略这个例子,是告诉我们伟大来自对探索的持久渴望。2.B推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推断,为了重新找回好奇心和不满足,作者建议我们培养质疑的头脑,不要人云亦云、随波逐流。3.C推理判断题。根据第七段的前两个设问以及回答可推断,作者认为,缺乏天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由。4.C主旨大意题。分析文章结构可知,文章首先提出论点,然后进行论证,最后得出结论。第一段主要指出取得伟大成就的人的两大品质。可见,C项最具概括性。
