1、Unit 4 SharingSection Learning about language语 言 基 础 自 测.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1It was a (殊荣)to be invited here.2They are expected to (参加)in the concert.3The (概念)of learning English gave me much help.4What he learned at university is not (有关的)to his job.5He volunteered to teach in a (遥远的)mountain vil
2、lage.participateremoterelevantprivilegeconcept6He tried to himself to the new living environment.7The rent is high，but the house is satisfactory.8They have made all the for the conference.9I visited the old house whose is covered with grass the other day.10Youd better not walk into the room with boo
3、ts on your feet.arrangementsadjustotherwisemuddyroof.拓展词汇根据词性或汉语提示，写出下列单词1arrange v安排n安排；排列2mud n泥；泥浆adj.泥泞的；泥土般的3adj.有关的；切题的relevance n关联4vi.参与；参加participation n参与；参加arrangementparticipaterelevantmuddy5.vi.&vt.调整；(使)适合adjustment n调整；调节；适应6n矩形；长方形adj.长方形的；矩形的rectangleadjustrectangular寻规律、巧记忆n.-yadj.
4、n.-aradj.cloudy 多云的；被云遮住的salty 含盐的；咸的funny 滑稽可笑的；有趣的familiar 熟知的singular 单独的polar 南(北)极的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1hear 收到的信2(be)dying 极想；渴望3the day 不久前的一天4up 多达5come(偶然)遇见，碰见tofromtootheracross6to be 诚实地说7dry(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透8dry(指河流、井等)干涸honestupout.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1Hot sun and cold winds can soon your skin.2
5、During the drought，the river；as a result，many fish died.3I my cousin yesterday，saying that he would come to visit us the next week.dried upheard fromdry out4，I am still expecting more from me as well.But believe me，I do everything I can do.5Dont refer to a dictionary every time you an unknown word.T
6、o be honestcome across寻规律、巧记忆v.from动词短语v.across动词短语 result from 是(由)造成的depart from 离开；起程；开出learn from 向学习put across 解释清楚；做成(交易)cut across 抄近路穿过get across 使通过；使被理解背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实 1.The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling over
7、 everywhere！不久前的一天，我正给男孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒气泡了！before 引导时间状语从句You must finish your homework.你必须完成你的家庭作业才能出去打篮球。beforez you go out to play basketball 2.The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling over everywhere！不久前
8、的一天，我正给男孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒气泡了！be doing.when.意为“正在做，就在这时”；when 为并列连词I I met my English teacher.昨天下午我正在街上散步，这时我碰到了我的英语老师。was walking in afternoon when the street yesterday 3.But last weekend another teacher，Jenny，and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys，Tombe.不过，上
9、周末我和另外一位叫珍妮的老师真的去访问了一个村庄，那是我的一个学生汤贝的家。助动词do/does/did放于谓语动词前，表示强调He after he went abroad.出国后，他确实意识到了英语的重要性。English did realizethe importance of4.When hot，he placed them in an empty oil drum with kau kau(sweet potato)，corn and greens.烧热之后，他把石头放在一个空油桶里，加上一些考考(甜的红薯)、玉米和青菜。时间状语从句的省略Please speak English a
10、nd use Chinese.如果可能的话请说英语，如果必要的话用汉语。if(it is)possible(it is)necessarywhen核 心 要 点 探 究 hear from 接到的信、电话等(教材 P29)It was wonderful to hear from you.接到你的信真是太高兴了。hear sb.doing/do.听到某人在做/做了hear about/of 听说过hear sb.out 听某人说完I am serious；hear me out，please.我是认真的；请听我说完。Listen！Do you hear someone calling for
11、help?听！你听到有人在喊救命吗？Ive never heard anyone doing a thing like that.我从来没听说有人会做那种事。If he hasnt heard his daughter for half a month，he will be anxious for her.如果半个月收不到女儿的信，他就会担心她。fromof/about名师点津 hear from 后面只能接表示人的名词或代词，不可接 letter 作它的宾语。hear from sb.相当于 receive sb.s letter“收到某人的来信”。(be)dying to 极想；渴望(教材
12、 P29)I know youre dying to hear all about my life here，so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.我知道你急于了解我在这里的生活情况，所以我在信中附有几张照片，这将帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。(1)be dying/anxious/eager/thirsty for sth.渴望得到某物(2)be anxious/eager/keen to do sth.想要做某事；渴望做某事(3)long to do sth./for s
13、th.想要；渴望hope to do sth./for sth.希望desire to do sth./for sth.要求She was dying/eager/thirsty for a holiday to relax herself.她非常渴望一个假期来放松一下自己。Out of curiosity，Im dying/anxious/eager/keen(know)the truth.Out of curiosity，I long/desire/hope the truth.出于好奇，我渴望知道事情真相。I long/desire(go)to London with my family
14、.我很想和家人一起去伦敦。to knowto goforthe other day 不久前的一天；那天(教材 P29)The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling over everywhere!不久前的一天，我正给男孩子们演示一个每周的化学实验，我还没明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒气泡了！the other day“不久前的一天”，只用于一般过去时one day “某一天”，既可用于一般过去时，也可用于一般将来
15、时some day “将来某一天”，只用于一般将来时another day 既可表示近期将来的某一天，意为“改天”，也可表示过去或状态延续的“又一天”Your dream will come true some/one day in the future.你的梦想会在将来的某天实现。I came across my college teacher in the Friendship Department Store other day.不久前的一天我在友谊百货大楼偶然遇见了我的大学老师。the day I met a friend of mine in the street.He told m
16、e he would come to see me So I have been expecting him day after day.一天我在街上遇到了我的一个朋友，他告诉我改天再来看我。因此我就每天盼着他来。another dayOnerelevant adj.有关的；切题的；有意义的(教材 P29)Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students，most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.有时候，我真想知道化学对这
17、些学生究竟有多大的用处。反正他们中大多数人上完八年级以后就要回到他们的村庄去。(1)be relevant to 与有关(2)relevantly adv.有关地；切题地(3)relevance n.关联；贴切；中肯have(no)relevance to 和(无)有关What he said has no direct relevance to the matter in hand.他所说的话与眼下的事没有直接关系。His nationality is not relevant whether he is a good lawyer.他的国籍与他是否是一位好律师无关。to 名师点津 表示“和
18、有关”的表达：be related to.be involved in.be relevant to.be linked to/with.have sth.to do with.be connected/associated with.adjust vi.&vt.调整；(使)适合(教材 P30)The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.小屋内很黑，因此我们的眼睛要过好一阵子才能适应过来。(1)adjust sth.to sth.调整以适应adjust to(doing)sth.适应/习惯(做)某事adjust
19、oneself to.使自己适应(2)adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的(3)adjustment n.调整；调节make adjustments to 对做出调整She adjusted the seat to the height of her son.她调整座椅到适合儿子的高度。It took her a while to adjust to(live)alone.她过了一段时间才适应独自生活。living We must make some(adjust)to our original plan because of emergencies.由于紧急情况，我们必须对我们最
20、初的计划做一些调整。We have been preparing our fighters to adjust(they)to the coming high science and technology war.我们一直在培训我们的战士，以使他们适应未来的高科技战争。adjustmentsthemselves语境助记 At the beginning of the new term,our teacher told us that our learningplans should be adjusted correctly to the new situation，and that all
21、of usshould adjust ourselves to it.We all accepted our teachers suggestion andmade adjustments.Soon we got used to the new situation and got good marks.新学期开始时，老师告诉我们，我们应该恰当地调整学习计划以使其适应新情况，还有我们都应该使自己适应新情况。我们都接受了老师的建议，并作出了调整。很快我们就适应了新情况，并取得了好成绩。participate vi.参加；参与(教材 P30)I loved listening to the fami
22、ly softly talking to each other in their language，even though I could not participate in the conversation.即使我不能参与到他们的交谈中去，我还是喜欢听他们家里人用自己的语言轻声细语地交谈。(1)participate in(doing)sth.with sb.与某人一起参加/参与做某事participate with sb.in sth.与某人分担某事(2)participation n.参加；参与(3)participant n.参加者；参与者She participated with
23、her friend in his sufferings.她分担朋友的痛苦。Everyone in the class is expected to participate actively these discussions.全班同学都应该积极参与这些讨论。As far as I know，he has been an active(participate)in the discussion.据我所知，他一直积极参与这个讨论。inparticipant名师点津 participate 是不及物动词，常与 in 构成搭配，同义短语是 join in，take part in。语境助记 Many
24、 citizens participated in the anti-smoking campaign and mostof the participants said their participation was voluntary.许多市民都参与了反对吸烟的运动，大多数参与者说他们的参与是自愿的。dry out(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透(教材 P30)Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food.汤贝告诉我说，给罐子加热是为了把里面的剩余食物烧干。dry up (指河流、井等)干涸；使干/枯竭dr
25、y off 弄干The clothes soon dried off/out in the sun.衣服很快就在太阳光下晾干了。Reservoirs are drying and farmers have begun to leave their land in search of water.水库正在干涸，农民开始离开田地去寻找水源。up otherwise conj.否则；不然 adv.用别的方法；其他方面(教材 P30)Otherwise they dont waste anything.除此以外，他们不会浪费任何东西。(1)otherwise(conj.)or/or else(2)ot
26、herwise(adv.)differently/in another way/in a different wayWe must hurry,otherwise well miss the train.我们必须快点，不然就赶不上火车了。Well go early，we may not get a seat.我们得早点去，要不然就没有座位了。We told her to do it in this way but she did it 我们让她这样做，可她却用别的方法做。otherwiseotherwiseprivilege n.特权；特别优待(教材 P30)It was such a pri
27、vilege to have spent a day with Tombes family.跟汤贝一家度过一天真是一种荣幸。(1)Its a privilege to do sth.能做真是一种荣幸have the privilege to do/of doing有(做)的特权/荣幸(2)privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的be privileged to do sth.有幸做I hope to have the privilege to work with you.I hope to have the privilege of working with you.我希望有幸与你
28、合作。It is a privilege(speak)to you today.今天能跟你谈话真是三生有幸。We are(privilege)to have a distinguished guest with us tonight.我们今晚有幸与一位贵宾在一起。to speakprivileged(教材 P29)The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling over everywhere！不久前的一天，我正给
29、男孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒气泡了！【要点提炼】这是一个并列句。句中 be doing.when.意为“正在做就在这时”。when 为并列连词，意为：就在这时。be about to do.when.正要做这时(突然)be on the point of doing.when.正要做这时(突然)had just done.when.刚做了这时(突然)We were discussing the problem there was a power failure.我们正在讨论那个问题，这时停电了。I my father came and encourag
30、ed me to keep going.我正要放弃，这时爸爸过来鼓励我继续下去。I my exam paper when the bell rang.我刚做完试卷，下课铃就响了。was about to give up whenhad just finishedwhen名师点津 when 作并列连词的用法是高考考查的热点，主要考查两方面的内容：由 when 连接的两个并列分句的时态运用；并列连词 when的选用，注意不能误用为其他连词。(教材 P30)When hot，he placed them in an empty oil drum with kau kau(sweet potato)，
31、corn and greens.烧热之后，他把石头放在一个空油桶里，加上一些考考(甜的红薯)、玉米和青菜。【要点提炼】when hot 为时间状语从句的省略形式，其完整形式为：when they were hot。状语从句的省略(1)在 when，while，if，as if，though，although，as，until，once，whether，unless 等连词引导的时间、地点、条件、方式、让步或比较状语从句中，如果谓语动词为 be，主语又与主句的主语一致或主语是 it 时，则从句的主语或it 和 be 动词可以省略。(2)状语从句省略主语时，后面常用现在分词表示该动作与被省略的主语
32、为主动关系；用过去分词表示该动作与被省略的主语为被动关系。If(it is)true，this will cause us a lot of trouble.如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。When(she was)very young，she began to learn to play the piano.她很小的时候，就开始学习弹钢琴。While(build)the tunnel，the workers discovered an underground lake.当建隧道时，工人们发现了一个地下湖。If (accept)for the job，youll be informed s
33、oon.如果你被接受做这项工作将很快得到通知。buildingaccepted巧学妙记 状语从句省略口诀省略句，真容易，符合两条就可以；从句谓语含有 be，两句主语一样的；从句若有 it be，照样省去不迟疑；选择-ed 或-ing，主动被动辨仔细。1(教材 P29)Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students，most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.【分析】句中 how 引导的从句作动词 wonder 的宾语；mo
34、st ofwhom 引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 these students。【翻译】有时候，我真想知道化学对这些学生究竟有多大的用处。反正他们中大多数人上完八年级以后就要回到他们的村庄去。2(教材 P29)We walked for two and a half hours to get therefirst up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.【分析】句子的主干是 We walked for two and
35、 a half hours to get there；破折号后的部分起进一步解释说明的作用；from where 引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词 a ridge。【翻译】我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里先是爬山爬到山脊，在那儿能看到奇丽的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。3(教材 P29)Tombes father，Mukap，led us to his house，a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roofthis shows it is a mans house.【分析】句中 Mukap 作 Tombes father 的
36、同位语；a low bamboo hut 作 his house 的同位语；with grass sticking out of the roof 是介词 with的复合结构作定语，修饰名词 a low bamboo hut；it is a mans house为省略 that 的宾语从句。【翻译】汤贝的父亲叫莫卡普，他把我们带进他的房子，这是一个低矮的顶上有草伸出来的小竹屋这表示这间房子是男人住的。随 堂 效 果 落 实.单句语法填空1.Our teacher suggests that we all should actively participate the discussion.2V
37、ideo games can be a poor influence if(leave)in the wrong hands.3As is often the case，the river dries in the season.4We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we(visit)more places of interest yesterday.upinleftwould have visited5The (week)meeting usually lasts about two hours，which makes us ann
38、oyed.6I hear my cousin every two weeks.7Were trying to come to an (arrange)about who should pay the fee.8All of them are dying (watch)the football match.9We are (privilege)to welcome you as our speakers this evening.10What you say is not relevant the subject.to watchweeklyfromarrangementtoprivileged
39、.完成句子 1前几天我在花园里清理杂草时，偶然发现了这株稀有植物。While，I came across the rare plant.(remove)2这些山区的孩子们渴求知识。These children in the mountainous area(dying)(I was)removing the weeds in the garden the other dayare dying for knowledge3能和他交朋友真是荣幸之至。him.(privilege)4他说的话与他所做的事情没有关系。What he said what he had done.(relevant)5我正在学习，这时我的电话响了。I my phone rang.(study)It is a privilege to make friends withwas studying whenwas not relevant to点击右图进入 课 时 分 层 作 业 Thank you for watching!
