1、新知导引1(教材P5)“I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary.”said Anne.Anne said that _ want to set down a series of facts in a diary.2(教材P5)“Does a friend always have to be a person？”the writer asks us.The writer asks us _ a friend always _ to be a person.she didntifhas3(教材P5)“Why did you go t
2、o bed so late last night？”Father asked Anne.Father asked Anne why _ to bed so late _.4My mother said，“A friend in need is a friend indeed.”My mother said a friend in need _ a friend indeed.she had gonethe night beforeis语法详解一、直接引语和间接引语概述*直接引用别人的原话就是直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。*间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。*直接引语一般前后要加引
3、号，间接引语不用引号。二、直接引语变为间接引语直接引语变为间接引语时，应在时态、句式、代词、状语以及方向性动词等方面作一些必要的调整。1时态的变化(1)直接引语变为间接引语时，引述动词如果用的是过去式，间接引语在时态方面要作相应的变化。一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般将来时，应分别改为一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。但如果直接引语中的时态是一般过去时，且和具体的过去时间状语连用时，时态无须变化。They said,“Our parents often go shopping with us.”他们说：“我们的父母经常和我们一起购物。”They said their pa
4、rents often went shopping with them.他们说他们的父母经常和他们一起购物。He said,“You told me this story.”他说：“你给我讲过这个故事。”He said that I had told him that story.他说我给他讲过那个故事。Tom said,“I was born in 1996.”汤姆说：“我生于1996年。”Tom said that he was born in 1996.汤姆说他生于1996年。(2)若引述动词用的是一般现在时，时态无须变化。He says,“Im tried.”他说：“我很累。”He s
5、ays that he is tired.他说他很累。2句式变化(1)直接引语为陈述句时，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句(that可以省略)。引述动词主要有say，tell，repeat，explain等。She said,“I like to watch TV.”她说：“我喜欢看电视。”She said that she liked to watch TV.她说她喜欢看电视。He said,“She can swim.”他说：“她会游泳。”He said that she could swim.他说她会游泳。(2)直接引语是一般疑问句或反义疑问句时，间接引语要变为由if/whethe
6、r引导的宾语从句；直接引语是特殊疑问句时，间接引语变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句，注意宾语从句要用陈述句语序。“Do you know the man？”he asked.他问：“你认识这个男人吗？”He asked if/whether I knew the man.他问我是否认识那个男人。“What do you do in the evening？”he asked.他问：“你晚上做什么？”He asked me what I did in the evening.他问我晚上做什么。3代词变化：指示代词：thisthat,thesethose；人称代词要根据说话的对象进行人称的变化。H
7、e said,“I am going to Beijing this week.”他说：“这周我要去北京。”He said that he was going to Beijing that week.他说那周他要去北京。The little girl told him,“I have seen the film.”那个小姑娘告诉他：“我已经看过那部电影了。”The little girl told him she had seen the film.那个小姑娘告诉他，她已经看过那部电影了。4时间状语和地点状语的变化：nowthen，todaythat day，tonightthat nigh
8、t,yesterdaythe day before,last weekthe week before,agobefore,tomorrowthe next day,next weekthe next week,herethere。He said，“I bought the house 10 years ago.”他说：“我十年前买了这所房子。”He said that he had bought the house 10 years before.他说他十年前买了这所房子。“Did you see her last week？”he asked.他问：“你上周见到她了吗？”He asked i
9、f I had seen her the week before.她问我前一周是否见到她了。Mr Wang said,“I will leave for Shanghai on business next month.”王先生说：“下个月我会去上海出差。”Mr Wang said that he would leave for Shanghai on business the next month.王先生说下个月他会去上海出差5方向性动词的变化：comego,bringtake。He said,“I brought it home with me.”他说：“我把它随身带回家。”He said
10、he had taken it home with him.他说他把它随身带回家。注意：间接引语中时态不变的用法(1)直接引语如果是客观真理或自然现象时，时态不变。“The earth moves around the sun，”said the teacher.老师说：“地球围绕太阳转。”The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.老师说地球围绕太阳转。(2)直接引语如果是习惯性、经常性、反复性的动作或状态，时态不变。“My brother always goes to school by bike，”Jack said.杰克说：
11、“我哥哥总是骑车上学。”Jack said that his brother always goes to school by bike.杰克说他哥哥总是骑车上学。(3)如果间接引语中动词所表示的动作或状态说话时仍在继续，时态不变。“My parents live in Shanghai，”said Li Hua.李华说：“我父母住在上海。”Li Hua said that his parents live in Shanghai.李华说他父母住在上海。考情分析直接引语和间接引语是中学英语的重要语法，也是高考的重要考点，其热点考查内容是时态变化、语序变化等。巧学助记人称代词的变化规律：(1)“
12、一随主”：直接引语中有第一人称代词时，变间接引语时应与引述部分主语保持一致。(2)“二随宾”：直接引语中有第二人称代词时，变间接引语时应与引述部分宾语保持一致。(3)“三不变”：直接引语中有第三人称代词时，变间接引语时无须变化。即时训练.改正间接引语中的错误1He told me,“I will go to Shanghai.”He told me that he will go to Shanghai._2He said,“The earth moves around the sun.”He said that the earth moved around the sun._ 3Tom sa
13、id,“I will go to school tomorrow.”Tom said I would go to school the next day._willwouldmovedmovesIhe4He asked me,“Did you leave London two days ago？”He asked me whether I had left London two days ago._5.“You must come here before six，”he said.He said I must come there before six._agobeforecomego.将间接
14、引语补充完整1I told him,“I lost my money and I will find it.”I told him I _ and that _.2The woman asked him,“Why do you have to sleep in the open air？”The woman asked him _.3“Have you ever been to the seaside？”he asked me.He asked me _.4She said,“I am coming this week.”She said that _.5He said,“I need a r
15、uler.”He said that _.had lost my moneyI would find itwhy he had to sleep in the open airif I had ever been to the seasideshe was coming that weekhe needed a ruler.把下列直接引语变成间接引语1He said,“I am living in London now.”_.2She said,“I havent heard from him since May.”_.3He said to Tom,“I can help them.”_.4
16、He asked me,“Are you fond of football？”_.5She said,“Ill bring you this book next month.”_.He said that he was living in London thenShe said she hadnt heard from him since MayHe said to Tom that he could help themHe asked me if I was fond of footballShe said she would bring me that book the next mont
17、h根据直接引语写出间接引语中谓语的正确形式1“I didnt mean to hurt you，”said my friend Mary.My friend Mary said _ to hurt me.2Mom asked,“Will you stay at home alone this weekend？”Mom asked whether _ at home alone _.3My father asked,“What do you want to get as a present on your birthday？”My father asked what _ get as a pre
18、sent _.she hadnt meantI would staythat weekendI wanted toon my birthday4“What will we eat today？”he asked his mother.He asked his mother what _.5“Im sure Robin can win the match tomorrow.”Tom said to me.Tom said to me that _ the match _.6“I will go to Beijing for a meeting tomorrow，”my father said t
19、o me.My father told me that _ for a meeting _.they would eat that dayhe was sure Robincould winthe next dayhe would go to Beijingthe next day7“China is the biggest developing country in the world，”said Mr Smith.Mr Smith said that China _ the biggest developing country in the world.8“How much have we
20、 spent on petrol this year？”Susan asked her husband.Susan asked her husband _ on petrol that year.9Mother asked me,“Have you finished your homework？”Mother asked me _ my homework.10He says，“I bought you a book yesterday.”He says _ a book yesterday.ishow much they had spentwhether I had finishedthat he bought me
