1、七选五做题技巧及平时训练（高一-高三通用）FIVE OUT OF SEVEN 制作者：钱麒伊 SCHOOL 常见七选五逻辑 做题步骤 解题技巧 练习 目录 01 02 03 04 D I R E C T O R Y 常见七选五逻辑 PART ONE 常见七选五文章逻辑关系 1.顺接 2.转折 3.递进 4.解释 5.举例 6.并列 7.对比 8.类比 9.总分 10.分总 七选五中的逻辑关系，以上仅是常见的关系，除了这些，同学们要学会多分析、归纳、总结。七选五常见设题分类 1.小标题类型 2.文章开头段总领全文 3.段落开头引领 4.文中举例子，具体方法，进一步说明，描述 5.段落结尾对段落总
2、结 6.文章结尾总结全文 七选五常见文体 七选五常见文体多为说明文和应用文，因为这类型的文章在表达和表述上都比较明确，上下文逻辑比较清晰，不会造成读者模棱两可；但少部分七选五会出现记叙文，记叙文在出题时更加注重的是时间逻辑和事件发展顺序的逻辑。极少有可能会出现议论文和夹叙夹议的文章。做题步骤 PART TWO procedures 做题步骤：做七选五时一定要注意以下几点：1.有题目的七选五一定要先读题目把握文章大致内容。2.认真读第一段的内容 通常第一段统领全文。3.快速读取每一段的信息（最好是把握每一段的中心句，如果中心句不好掌握，则可以勾画关键词），快速掌握整篇文章及每一段大意。（可以在每
3、一段左边写上关键词，方便后续细读快速获取信息）4.结合段落大意仔细阅读每一空前后的句子，并勾画好文中的关键词，有明显逻辑关系的地方勾画好用箭头指到空处。5.仔细琢磨每一个选项获取主要信息，边读边揣测选项句子前后文可能的内容。6.根据前面铺垫好的信息做出选择。7.根据文章和段落大意再次审查选项和上下文逻辑。解题技巧 PART THREE strategies 解题技巧 1.勾画复现词或同类词（常见名词和形容词）勾画前后文和选项中出现的重复话语，可以是相同的名词和形容词，也可以是同类名词或形容词；同类意义的词比如：“homeless”可以对应“lost homes”和“without shelte
4、rs”；同类词比如：“a beautiful tea set”可以对应“tea pot”“tea cup”等等 不同词性的同类词比如：“compete”和“competitive”可以对应。解题技巧 1.勾画复现词或同类词（常见名词和形容词）例如：（2020全国III卷）_13_ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isnt a lot of food served.There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party.CY
5、ou can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.此处就是典型的同类词复现，前后文只有这段提到祝贺朋友搬新家要带食物，而选项中这句中恰好出现food，再加上前后文逻辑，放进去以后刚好合适。解题技巧 2.勾画前后文和选项出现的主语和代词 英语表达中的代词出现的频率高，代词指代前面提及的名词或事件，如果能够巧妙利用这样的指代关系，注重代词的单复数差异再根据文章意义判断，可以准确而快速地解题。例如：前文如果出现“some people”，后文则可能出现“they”“them”“themselves”这类的词，而不会出现“i
6、t”“I”前后文出现“you can”“you should”，对应的文章也应当有“you”；前后文出现“we”，则不会突兀地出现“I”解题技巧 2.勾画前后文和选项出现的主语和代词 例如：（2017全国II卷）_35_ If you work out bright and early in the morning,you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food?You
7、 will want to continue to focus on positive choices.对应选项：AYou will stick to your diet.可以看出选项代词为“you”，文中代词也是“you”，可以对应上，再加上前面学的那条，同类词对应，可以看出“stick to”也能对应上，再放在文中一读可以看出此选项合适。解题技巧 3.前后文逻辑关系之问答关系 七选五在设题处出现问答关系的现象也非常常见，如果能够利用好问答关系，则可以较为轻松的排除选项，很快地选出正确答案。例如：Put into words why you feel unworthy,why you don
8、t feel good enough.Now,read these words back to yourself._5_ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements.See how awesome you are?而选项是AFeeling upset again?第5题后面是比较明显的祈使句作为回答的句子，再加上前后文的内容可以对应，所以本题很轻松就可以选出选项 解题技巧 3.前后文逻辑关系之问答关系 再如这道题：_2_ More than that,how should you stay
9、motivated to achieve the goal?First,you need to evaluate yourself,your values,your strengths,your weaknesses,your achievements,your desires,etc.AThis can affect your work.BSo how should you motivate yourself?CHowever,this should not discourage you.DSo why should we try to set specific goals?EThey ca
10、n change according to circumstances.FMotivation is what you need most to do a good job.GWithout motivation,you can neither set a goal nor reach it.本题中最明显的就是两个并列问句；再加上后文有明显的回答，再斟酌空后面出现more than that：“不止那样”，更可以确定，此题就选B选项。解题技巧 4.并列关系（排比句）七选五中不乏会出现并列关系，更有一些排比句，而其中常见的就是“not only.but also”“also”“and”，还有一些
11、在句式上有类似之处。正如刚刚提到的题：_2_ More than that,how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal?First,you need to evaluate yourself,your values,your strengths,your weaknesses,your achievements,your desires,etc.BSo how should you motivate yourself?这个题就是典型的两个并列句，句型类似，都是“how should you.？”解题技巧 5.通过上下文转折关系来排除选项
12、七选五中不乏转折关系的题，这类题需要同学们能够把握好文章的上下文意，如果能够清晰地知道上下文意，则这类题就可以变得非常简单。在做这类题时一定要清楚文章的“抑扬”关系，如果一旦出现“but”“however”“while”“instead”“on the contrary”“otherwise”“in comparison”“not-but不是-而是”“although”“though”等类似的词眼出现时，就应该明白文章前后必然后“先抑后扬”或者“先扬后抑”的关系。因此，同学们在读这类的题时，一定要清楚文章空出对主题是褒还是贬，是支持还是反对，是情绪高涨还是情绪低落。解题技巧 5.通过上下文转折
13、关系来排除选项 例如同学们看看这题：Over the years,there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point._2_,they can get a little complex.But good news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home:the small ones,the medium o
14、nes,and the large ones.AWhile all of them are usefulBWhatever youre looking forCIf youre experimenting with a colorDSmall color choices are the ones were most familiar withEIts not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesFSo it pays to be sure,because you want to get it right the first
15、timeGColor choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways解题技巧 5.通过上下文转折关系来排除选项 Over the years,there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point._2_,they can get a little complex.But good news is that therere really only three
16、kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home:the small ones,the medium ones,and the large ones.此题中有明显的的几处转折关系，空前出现“help.approach.”情绪上属于“扬”，而空后出现“complex”，情绪属于“抑”；再往后“but”出现，接着就是“good news”，又是属于“扬”，但这属于下一个句子，我们回头看空，很明显，中间空和空后的句子产生了转折，且情绪属于“扬”。再看看选项解题技巧 5.通过上下文转折关系来排除选项 选项：AWhile all o
17、f them are usefulBWhatever youre looking forCIf youre experimenting with a colorDSmall color choices are the ones were most familiar withEIts not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesFSo it pays to be sure,because you want to get it right the first timeGColor choices in this range ar
18、e a step up from the small ones in two major ways选项中有转折比较明显的应该是A，情绪属于“扬”的（即说color好处的）也就是A选项，我们也可以结合前面学到的“代词”关系，很明显空出用的是“they”，选项用第三人称复数的有A,C,G，也可以进一步判断，因此此题很轻易就可以选出A选项解题技巧 6.递进关系（排比句）七选五中还比较常见的就是递进关系，通常这类题就是在同一个观点或者情绪上有所加强；常见的关系词有“even”“furthermore”“also”“in addition”“additionally”“whats more”“moreo
19、ver”“more than that”“as well as”“too”“similarly”等等。解题技巧 6.递进关系（排比句）例如这题：（2021全国甲卷）_58_.They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their new clothes home.ALess people than thatBHold a clothing swapCIf two people are competingDJust keep music playing throughoutEDonate whatever clothes a
20、re left overFHave everyone put their clothes in the right spotsGTell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition解题技巧 6.递进关系（排比句）（2021全国甲卷）_58_.They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their new clothes home.本题中空后出现“they should also.”（他们同样也应该），用递进关系来看，前文表示“they”“应该”要做的事，再看空后句子的
21、整体意思：他们还应该准备可循环利用的袋子去把他们的“新”衣服带回家。可知这里和“交换衣物”的前期工作相关。我们还可以再结合前面提到的一些方法，例如利用“代词”一致的原则，这里空后用到了“they”，指代前文的人，因此前文应当是第三人称有关。解题技巧 6.递进关系（排比句）再来看看选项：ALess people than thatBHold a clothing swapCIf two people are competingDJust keep music playing throughoutEDonate whatever clothes are left overFHave everyon
22、e put their clothes in the right spotsGTell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition选项中和“交换衣物”前期准备工作相关的是“G”在加上这里表示的也是“人们应该做些什么事情”，另外刚刚提到这里有第三人称出现，因此，可以判断，选项应该为G，再带入选项看看，前后逻辑通顺。解题技巧 7.有玄机的半句话 七选五在做题上有些隐藏的小技巧，比如“半句话”！这样的题最明显的就是空后出现“逗号”！而选项中或逗号后面大部分会出现连词。我们看个例子，同学们分析分析空的前后：（2018年全国I卷）Do you wa
23、nt a room thats full of life?Professional?Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?_1_,color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years,there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point._2_,they can
24、get a little complex.But good news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home:the small ones,the medium ones,and the large ones.解题技巧 7.有玄机的半句话 我们再看看选项，仔细分析：AWhile all of them are usefulBWhatever youre looking forCIf youre experimenting with a color
25、DSmall color choices are the ones were most familiar withEIts not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesFSo it pays to be sure,because you want to get it right the first timeGColor choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways通过分析选项可以看出明显的半句话是：ABC；而题中就有两个“半
26、句话”；这样，两个题就基本锁定在了三个选项中。我们再进一步分析，A选项表“虽然”；B选项表“无论”；C选项表“如果”，再进一步分析空后和选项的关系；可以轻松的选出第一个空选B，第二个空选A解题技巧 8.分析句子 同学们除了学会用相应技巧，能够明白句子内容，还要学会分析选项的句子；比如这个句子是总结还是分析，是举例子还是描述等等；还要学会去猜测选项句子前后文可能是什么。我们来学着分析一些句子。AThats what they are for.BTurn to an online instructor for help.CIf more information is needed,they wil
27、l ask.DRemember that online professors get a lot of emails.EBelow are some common dos and donts for online learners.FEveryone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.GAsk questions,but make sure they are good,thoughtful questions.解题技巧 8.分析句子 同学们除了学会用相应技巧，能够明白句子内容，还要学会分析选项的句子；比如这个句子是总结还
28、是分析，是举例子还是描述等等；还要学会去猜测选项句子前后文可能是什么。我们来学着分析一些句子。AThats what they are for.BTurn to an online instructor for help.CIf more information is needed,they will ask.DRemember that online professors get a lot of emails.EBelow are some common dos and donts for online learners.FEveryone has taken a not-so-great
29、 class at one time or another.GAsk questions,but make sure they are good,thoughtful questions.解题技巧 8.分析句子 同学们除了学会用相应技巧，能够明白句子内容，还要学会分析选项的句子；比如这个句子是总结还是分析，是举例子还是描述等等；还要学会去猜测选项句子前后文可能是什么。我们来学着分析一些句子。解题技巧 8.分析句子 AThats what they are for.BTurn to an online instructor for help.CIf more information is nee
30、ded,they will ask.DRemember that online professors get a lot of emails.EBelow are some common dos and donts for online learners.FEveryone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.GAsk questions,but make sure they are good,thoughtful questions.A：前文提到“they”的作用、用处B：前文提到有困难或者困惑C：前文已经提到一部分信息
31、或提供了一些东西，且主语是“they”D：关键词在于“online”“professor”和“email”E：开启下文F：举例子，且主语是“everyone”和第三人称有关G：祈使句，表示“应该做什么”，且关键词是“question”练习 PART FORE practices 学着分析更多的题和选项 Your productivity is improved.Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day._2_（2018全国II卷）AYou will stick
32、 to your diet.BYour quality of sleep improves.CYou prefer healthy food to fast food.DThere is no reason you should exercise in the morning.EYou can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.FAfter you exercise,you continue to burn calories throughout the day.GIf you are planning to do exerc
33、ise regularly,or youre doing it now,then listen up!答案：E学着分析更多的题和选项 Invite 510 people so you have a nice selection._2_,and there may not be enough things to choose from;more than that,and it becomes uncontrollable.（2021高考甲卷）ALess people than thatBHold a clothing swapCIf two people are competingDJust
34、keep music playing throughoutEDonate whatever clothes are left overFHave everyone put their clothes in the right spotsGTell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition答案：A学着分析更多的题和选项“I can tell you about one young couple,”says Bridges.“Theyre learning to do traditional dances.They arrive at th
35、e class in low spirits and they leave with a smile._39_”ASo why do we dance?BDance in the U.S.is everywhere.CIf you like dancing outdoors,come to America.DMy older students say it makes them feel young.EI keep practicing even when Im extremely tired.FDancing seems to change their feeling completely.
36、GThey stayed up all night long singing and dancing.答案：F学着分析更多的题和选项 _36_We dance from Florida to Alaska,from north to south and sea to sea.We dance at weddings,birthdays,office parties and just to fill the time.ASo why do we dance?BDance in the U.S.is everywhere.CIf you like dancing outdoors,come to
37、America.DMy older students say it makes them feel young.EI keep practicing even when Im extremely tired.FDancing seems to change their feeling completely.GThey stayed up all night long singing and dancing.答案：B学着分析更多的题和选项 Interruptions(打扰)are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to
38、 get work done._46_,there are several ways to handle things.Lets take a look at them now.AIf youre busy,dont feel bad about saying noBWhen you want to avoid interruptions at workCSet boundaries(界限)for yourself as your time goesDIf youre in the other persons office or in a public areaEIts important t
39、hat you let them know when youll be availableFIt might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youGLeave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not答案：B学着分析更多的题和选项 If you have a door to your office,make good use of it._50_.If someone knocks and its not an important m
40、atter,excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint(暗示)than when the door is closed,youre not to be disturbed.AIf youre busy,dont feel bad about saying noBWhen you want to avoid interruptions at workCSet boundaries(界限)for yourself as your time goesDIf youre in the other
41、 persons office or in a public areaEIts important that you let them know when youll be availableFIt might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youGLeave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not答案：G关于课后作业 同学们下来一定要再勤加练习，巩固所学，多思考，多分析，多总结，最终一定可以战胜难题！thank you for listening 钱麒伊 SCHOOL
