1、Section Learning About Language（名词性从句）情境创设语法精讲教材链接1. （教材P14）Laura says she always feels hungry when she smells it, so I taught her how to cook it, too.2. （教材P14）her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what s
2、he thought!3. （教材P14）Xie Lei was confused because she thought she knew less than other people.4. （教材P15）At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.5. （教材P15）What seemed strange before now appears qu
3、ite normal to her.1.观察上面句子并归纳其用法：答案：1.以上所有例句中都用了相当于名词作用的从句（即名词性从句）在句中充当成分。2. 句1为省略了that的宾语从句。3. 句2中that、what引导的都是宾语从句。4. 句3为省略了that的宾语从句。5. 句4中第一个what引导同位语从句；第二个what引导主语从句； that引导表语从句。6. 句5中What引导的是主语从句。要点精析名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的功能相当于名词（词组），它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾
4、语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。1.主语从句从属连词that, whether, if等只起连接作用，不在从句中作任何成分连接代词what, who, whom, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等连接副词when, where, why, how等在从句中作状语That he will come and help you is certain. 他来帮助你是确定的。Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有没有生命是个有
5、趣的问题。What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。Who will win the match is still unknown. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。温馨提示that引导主语从句时一般不可省略。当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导
6、，而不用if。that从句作主语时通常用it作形式主语，而将that从句置于句末。常用句型有：Its certain/uncertain that 是肯定的/不确定的Its likely/possible/probable that有可能Its a pity/shame that 很可惜/很遗憾Its no surprise that 毫不奇怪/很正常Its said/reported/thought/believed that 据说/据报道/大家认为/人们相信It happens that碰巧2.宾语从句从属连词that, whether, if等只起连接作用，不在从句中作任何成分连接代词w
7、hat, who, whom, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等连接副词when, where, why, how等在从句中作状语 The reason lies in that she works harder than the others. 原因在于她比其他人工作更努力。She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。I wonder whether he will come or not. 我想知道他来还是不来。I dont kno
8、w if (whether) it is interesting. 我不知道它是否有趣。Please tell me what you want. 请告诉我你想要什么？She will give whoever needs help a hand. 凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予帮助。温馨提示that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只能省略第一个that；宾语从句前有插入语时；that引导的从句位于句首时。I believe (that) he is honest. 我相信他是忠诚的。whether与or not连用时，不能用if代替；作介词
9、宾语时用whether不能用if。Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。如果动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe, guess, suppose, assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，将宾语从句后置；有些动词（短语）后面接it，再加从句构成固定结构，如enjoy, hate, appreciate, rely on等。We must make it clear thatanyone who breaks the law will
10、be punished. 我们必须认清无论谁违反了法律都要受到惩罚。I hate it when I am left alone to start a conversation with a stranger. 我讨厌被单独留下与一个陌生人开始交谈。3.表语从句从属连词that, whether等只起连接作用，不在句中作任何成分连接代词what, who, whom, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等连接副词when, where, why, how等在从句中作状语The problem is that t
11、hey cant get here early enough. 问题是他们不能很早到达这里。It looks as if its going to rain. 看起来天要下雨。Thats just what I want. 这正是我想要的。The question is who (which of you) will be the next speaker. 问题是谁（你们哪一位）接着发言。This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。That is why he didnt come to the meeting. 那就是他不到会的原因。温馨提示If不
12、能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时一般不能省略。其他常考的表语从句：This/That is why（这/那就是的原因）；This/That is because（这/那就是因为）；The reason whyis that（的原因是）。4.同位语从句同位语从句主要由that引导，在从句中不作任何成分，也可由when, where, whether, how等引导。同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容，常用的名词如：fact, news, idea, hope, thought, question, order, fear, doubt, word, proof, belief, stor
13、y, opinion等。The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world. 他曾在月球上登陆这个消息传遍世界。I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回家。The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到玛丽可能生病了。实战演练. 单句填空1.（2019北京卷）What students do at college seems to matter much more tha
14、n where they go.2.（2019课标全国卷） While they are rare north of 88 there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.3.（2019江苏卷）Scientists have obtained more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body.4.（2018北京卷） This is what my fat
15、her has taught me-to always face difficulties and hope for the best.5.（2018江苏卷）By boat is the only way to get here, which is how we arrived.6.There is no doubt that he will succeed in time.7.We cant solve the problem how we can travel faster than light.8.Pick yourself up. Courage is doing what youre
16、 afraid to do.9.Upon graduation he asked to be sent to where he was most needed.10.It is reported that the government is going to close the factory.11. What surprises me most is that he is too vain.12. That Mike didnt turn up at the meeting yesterday made the chairman of the meeting unhappy.13.You m
17、ay depend on it that I shall always help you.14.The problem is whether we can get in touch with her.15.The message whose responsibility it was is known to all. 语法填空I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing that happened in my restaurant today.This afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my
18、 restaurant. Nobody knew 1. he was. We wondered 2. he was so hungry. We were surprised 3. he finished two orders of food in a very limited time. We doubted 4. the man was able to pay the bill. The gentleman asked 5. we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see 6. he took
19、 out of an envelope-a million pound bank note.I asked Mr. Clements 7. it was genuine. Mr. Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He thought 8. the gentleman showed us couldnt be a fake.9. a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there. I really couldnt describe 10. excited I was.1. who 2. why 3. that 4. whether/if 5. whether/if 6. that 7. whether/if 8. what 9. Why 10. how 4
