高考英语正误例析动词不定式.doc

1、高考英语正误例析动词不定式1我认为你最好不要把那件事告诉她。误：I think youd better not to tell her about it正：I think youd better not tell her about it析：在助动词(do/will/shall)、情态动词(can/may/must/could/should/would)、had better以及“Will you please.?”等后面应接省去to的动词不定式。其否定形式是在动词前加“not”。2我终于使他改变了主意。误：I made him to change his mind at last正：I ma

2、de him change his mind at last析：英语中的感官动词(see/hear/watch/find/feel/look at/listen to)以及使役动词(make/have/let)等，后跟不定式作宾语补足语时，要用省去to的动词不定式。值得注意的是：将其主动语态变为被动语态时，“to”要加上。3老师叫孩子们不要在教室里踢足球。误：The teacher told (asked) the children not play football in the classroom.正：The teacher told (asked) the children not to

3、 play football in the classroom.析：在动词tell/ask/want/order/like/teach/wish/would like (love)等动词后，跟不定式作宾语补足语时，要带to，其否定形式是在to前加not。4请告诉他们下一步该怎么办。误：Please tell them what to do it next.误：Please tell them how to do next.正：Please tell them what to do next.正：Please tell them how to do it next.析：不定式在与疑问代词what

4、/who/which等连用时，这些疑问代词本身已作了不定式的宾语，故在不定式后无须再有其他名词或代词作宾语。但是，如果不定式与疑问副词how, when, where等连用，该动词不定式要么是不及物动词，要么是“及物动词宾语”。如：I dont know which to choose.我不知道选哪一个。Do you know where to find him？你知道在哪儿能找到他吗？5那位老人没有房子住。误：That old man has no room to live.正：That old man has no room to live in.析：作定语用的动词不定式，若为不及物动词，

5、在该动词之后应加上适当的介词。再如：Did he have anything to worry about？（他有什么担心的吗？）6这个箱子对那个孩子来说太重了，搬不动。误：The box is too heavy for the child to carry it.正：The box is too heavy for the child to carry.正：The box isnt light enough for the child to carry.正：The box is so heavy that the child cant carry it.析：在“主语+be + too +形

6、容词 to do”句型中，句中的主语，同时又是不定式的逻辑宾语。故在不定式后无须再加其他名词或代词来作不定式的宾语。7我们停下来休息一会儿吧。误：Lets stop having a rest.正：Lets stop to have a rest.析：stop doingsth与stop to dosth含义不同，前者表示“停止做某事”；后者指“停下来去做另一件事”。8明天别忘了把你的书带来。误：Dont forget bringing your book here tomorrow.正：Dont forget to bring your book here tomorrow.析：forget

7、/remember doingsth意思是“忘记/记得做过某事”（已做过某事）；forget/remember to dosth指“忘记/记得要去做某事”（某事还没有做）。9当我路过他家时，我听到他在唱歌。误：When I walked past his house, I heard him sing in the room.正：When I walked past his house, I heard him singing in the room.析：在感官动词“see/watch/hear/listen to/look at/feel”等后面，用省去“to”的动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示动作已完成。用动词-ing作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行。10你为何不出去散散步？误：Why not to go out for a walk?正：Why not go out for a walk?/Why dont you go out for a walk?析：“why not +动词原形？”相当于“Why dont you +动词原形？”是表示建议的句型，意思是“为何不；干嘛不？”。