1、Unit 4 Wildlife protection课时作业14Learning about Language & Using Language.单词拼写1A nearsighted person usually cannot see distant (远处的) things clearly without glasses.2The average family has to spend a large part of income (收入) to meet the basic needs.3The war and the sufferings that it caused have affe
2、cted (影响) him greatly.4Once bitten by the snake in the wood, you need the treatment immediately.5He showed no mercy (仁慈) to his enemies in the war.6Two policemen held up a truck so as to inspect (检查) the drivers license.7As everybody knows, sea water contains salt.8In order to appreciate the novel,
3、one must be able to know the writers real purpose of writing it.9The possible way to survive in the fierce competition is to cut down the costs of production.10Since 2000, the population growth in our city has decreased by 1.5% each year.选词填空pay no attention to，hunt，affect，in danger，as a result， pro
4、tection，nature reserve，die outHuman beings must solve many problems so that they can continue to live successfully. Most problems can be solved, but some are impossible to solve. The way in which people solve problems 1.affects how long and how well they can live. In the past, people could go to wil
5、d areas to see nature, and they also could 2.hunt,_camp or fish. And governments also encouraged their people to enjoy themselves, 3.paying_no_attention_to the environment. 4.As_a_result,_people are faced with a serious problem 5.protection of wildlife. Just because some species have 6.died_out and
6、may never live with us and some are really 7.in_danger,_the government has taken measures quickly to protect wildlife and created 8.nature_reserves. But there is still a long way to go.单句改错1There are the small number of people involved, possibly as few as twenty.thea解析：句意：参与的人很少，可能就20人。a number of.表
7、示“一些”；the number of.表示“的数目”。2They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house is built.在is后加being解析：句意：目前他们与父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房子正在建。由句意可知，房子正在建设中，因此用现在进行时的被动语态。3Many students pay so little attention to improve reading skills that they waste a lot of precious time.improveimprovin
8、g解析：句意：很多学生很少注意提高阅读技巧，以至于浪费了许多宝贵的时间。在pay attention to“注意，重视”的短语中，to是介词，其后接名词或动词ing形式。4When you are in the danger, the most important thing is never to panic.去掉第一个the解析：句意：当你处在危险之中时，最重要的事情是千万不要慌乱。in danger “处于危险中”，为固定搭配。5Selfdriving is an area that China and the rest of the world are on the same star
9、ting line.thatwhere解析：句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其他国家在同一个起跑线上的领域。分析句子结构可知，China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line为定语从句，先行词是area，关系词在从句中充当地点状语，因此用where，相当于in which。6He had expected that everyone would burst into laughters at his joke but nobody did.laughterslaughter解析：句意：他猜想大家会因为他(讲)的笑话而哄堂大
10、笑，但是没有人笑。burst into laughter“突然大笑起来”，为固定搭配。laughter是不可数名词。7Life is about doing what you truly feel like do, even if it doesnt make sense at all.dodoing解析：句意：生活就是做你真心想要做的事，即使那根本没有意义。feel like表示“想要”，其后接名词、代词、动词ing形式，故将do改为doing。8I was anxious to watch the World Cup final, but it is such pity that the
11、tickets should have all been sold out.在such后加a解析：句意：我非常想看世界杯的决赛，但是很可惜票竟然已经全部卖完了。a pity是一个固定用法，表示“真遗撼，真可惜”。9The dog bited me on the leg while I was walking it yesterday.bitedbit解析：句意：昨天我遛狗的时候，它把我的腿咬了。bite的过去式是bit，过去分词是bitten。10I am at the loss to find proper words with which I can express my sadness.
12、thea解析：句意：我实在找不出适当的词来表达我的悲痛。at a loss表示“困惑，不知所措”。.单句语法填空1Last summer, my uncle went travelling abroad with his clothes packed (pack) in his suitcase.解析：考查with复合结构。句意：去年夏天，我叔叔带着装着衣服的行李箱去国外旅行了。clothes与pack是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词作宾补。2You must understand how important it is for us to learn English well.解析：考查宾
13、语从句。句意：你必须明白对于我们来说学好英语是多么重要。分析句子结构可知，understand后接一个宾语从句，而该空修饰形容词，所以要用how。3It is not the proper time when our plan can be put into practice at once.解析：考查固定短语。句意：这不是能立刻实施我们的计划的恰当时机。put.into practice是固定短语，表示“把付诸实施”，此处是其被动形式。4The woman tried her best to protect the chimps (黑猩猩) in their natural (nature)
14、 habitat.解析：考查形容词。句意：那位女士尽她最大的努力去保护生活在自然栖息地里的黑猩猩。根据句子结构来判断，此处要用形容词作定语，修饰名词habitat。5We take this chance to express our sincere appreciation (appreciate) of your help.解析：考查名词。句意：我们趁这个机会对你们的帮助表示衷心的感谢。根据句子的结构来判断，此处要用名词形式。6The little girl was_bitten (bite) badly by mosquitoes last night.解析：考查时态和语态。句意：昨天晚
15、上这个小女孩被蚊子咬得很厉害。由句中的last night可知，要用一般过去时，且little girl与bite之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。7The railway station is at a distance (distant) of two miles away from our school.解析：考查词性转换。句意：火车站离我们学校有两英里路程。空处位于冠词a和介词of之间，应用其名词形式。8Even if bird flu has_disappeared (disappear) from our TV screens, it doesnt mean that the risk
16、 is over.解析：考查时态。句意：虽然禽流感已经从我们的电视屏幕上消失了，但这并不意味着危险已经过去。由句意可知，“禽流感从电视屏幕上消失”已经成事实，表示动作从过去开始，持续到现在，因此用现在完成时。9As you know, the roots of trees can help protect soil from being washed away.解析：考查固定短语。句意：众所周知，树的根系有助于防止土壤流失。protect.from.表示“使免于，防止遭受”。10A new teaching building is_being_built (build) in our scho
17、ol, which will be completed next month.解析：考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：我们学校正在建一座新教学楼，它将于下个月竣工。根据定语从句的内容可推知，这座新教学楼正在建设中，且主语building与build是被动关系，因此用现在进行时的被动语态。.完成句子1没有人确切地知道世界是何时形成的。(come into being)Nobody knows for sure when_this_world_came_into_being.2我们将根据自己的喜好装修房子。(according to)We will decorate our own house ac
18、cording_to_our_own_taste.3我哥哥正在学习英语口语以便他可以和外国人一起工作。(so that)My elder brother is learning spoken English so_that_he_can_work_with foreigners.4她购买了她所需要的所有东西便离开超市回家了。(with复合结构)With_all_the_things_she_needed_bought,_she left the supermarket for her home.5他是这个家族的最后一个人，他死后这个姓氏将会消失。(die out)He is the last
19、of the family and after his death the_family_name_will_die_out.6她和我谈话的方式使我有信心学好英语。(way作先行词)The_way_in_which_she_talked_with_me made me feel confident of learning English well.阅读理解Elephants are able to differentiate between ethnicities (种族) and sexes, and can tell an adult from a childall from the so
20、und of a human voice.This is according to a study in which researchers played voice recordings to wild African elephants.The animals showed more fear when they heard the voices of adult Maasai men.Livestockherding Maasai people do come into conflict with elephants, and this suggests that animals hav
21、e adapted to specifically listen for and avoid them.The study is published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Prof. Karen McComb and Dr Graeme Shannon from the University of Sussex led the study. They explained that in previous research they had used similar playback experiments to s
22、how that elephants could tellfrom the sound of a lions roarwhether the animal was a female or a more dangerous male.Prof. McComb wanted to find out if the animals used their very sharp sense of hearing to identify a potential danger from humans.The scientists recorded Maasai men, women and children
23、saying, in their own language, “Look, look over there, a group of elephants are coming.”They also recorded Kamba men saying this phrase.While cattleherding Maasai people often come across freeranging elephants, which can result in violent conflict, the Kamba peoples more agricultural lifestyle does
24、not generally bring them into aggressive touch with the animals.When the team played recordings of these different voices through a hidden loudspeaker, they found that elephant family groups reacted more fearfully in response to the voice of a Maasai man, than to a Kamba mans voice.And the adult mal
25、e Maasai voices encouraged far more of these defensive reactions than the voices of women or boys.研究表明大象能根据人类说话的声音判断出说话者的种族和性别以及说话者是成年人还是小孩子。1An elephant can tell a man from a woman by the sense of _.AtouchBsight Csmell Dhearing答案：D解析：细节理解题。从文中第一段“Elephants are able to differentiate between ethnicit
26、ies (种族) and sexes, and can tell an adult from a childall from the sound of a human voice.”可知，大象通过听觉来判断人的种族和性别。故选D项。2How did the researchers get to know the elephants special ability of identification?ABy observing the elephants in the zoo.BBy playing voice recordings to them.CBy recording the behav
27、iours of elephants.DBy communicating with them in a special way.答案：B解析：细节理解题。从文中第二段“This is according to a study in which researchers played voice recordings to wild African elephants.”可知，研究者是通过给野生非洲象播放录音发现其有这种能力的。故选B项。3We can learn from the passage that elephants are especially afraid of _.AMaasai
28、men BMaasai womenCKamba men DKamba women答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“.more fearfully in response to the voice of a Maasai man, than to a Kamba mans voice.”可知，当大象听到成年的Maasai男人的声音时，它们就显得更加害怕。又根据最后一段“And the adult male Maasai voices encouraged far more of these defensive reactions than the voices of women or b
29、oys.”可知，成年的Maasai男人的声音比女人或男孩的声音会引发大象更多防御性的反应。故选A项。4What is the best title for the passage?AElephants and human beingsBDifferences between human voicesCElephants recognize human voicesDElephants conflict with human beings答案：C解析：主旨大意题。结合全文可知，研究表明大象可以根据人类说话的声音来判别说话者的种族和性别以及说话者是成年人还是小孩，这足以说明大象能识别人的声音。故选
30、C项。.阅读七选五Sharks are among the oldest animals on Earth. There are hundreds of kinds of sharks. Most are about two metres long. The dogfish shark, however, is less than twenty centimetres in length. A shark has an extremely good sense of smell. It can find small amounts of substances in water, such as
31、 blood, body liquids and chemicals produced by animals. _1_ Sharks eat fish, other sharks, and plants that live in the ocean.Sharks grow slowly. About forty per cent of all sharks lay eggs. _2_ Some sharks carry their young inside their bodies as humans do. Some sharks are not able to reproduce unti
32、l they are twenty years old. Most reproduce only every two years. And they give birth to fewer than ten young sharks. For this reason, overfishing of sharks is of special danger to the future of the animal.Sharks are important for the worlds oceans. They eat injured and diseased fish. Their hunting
33、activities mean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters do not become too great. _3_People hunt sharks for sport, food, medicine and their skin. Experts say the international market for some kinds of sharks has increased because many parts of a shark are valuable.Collectors pay thousands of d
34、ollars for the jaws of a shark. _4_ The skin of a shark can be used like leather.In Asia, people enjoy a kind of soup made from shark fins. Experts say a fisherman can earn a lot of money for even one kilogram of shark fins. Sharks are among the oldest animals on Earth, but some sharks are in danger
35、 of disappearing from Earth. _5_AShark liver oil is a popular source of vitamin A.BThis protects the plants and other forms of life that exist in the oceans.CSharks are valuable to us and we can make full use of them.DThese powerful senses help sharks find their food.EIf too many sharks in one area
36、are killed, that group of sharks may never return to normal population levels.FThey are a threat to other forms of life in the ocean.GThe others give birth to live young.本文主要介绍了地球上最古老的生物之一鲨鱼以及鲨鱼现在所面临的危险情况。1D解析：根据上文“It can find small amounts of substances in water, such as blood, body liquids and che
37、micals produced by animals.”可知鲨鱼灵敏的嗅觉可以使它们找到在水中存在很少的物质，如血、体液以及动物产生的化学物质。这种能力让它们迅速找到食物。故D正确。2G解析：本段前两句是在叙述鲨鱼的繁衍方式。根据“About forty per cent of all sharks lay eggs.”可知大约百分之四十的鲨鱼产卵，其余的鲨鱼直接生出小鲨鱼。故G正确。3B解析：根据上文“Their hunting activities mean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters do not become too g
38、reat.”可知，鲨鱼可以保持海洋的生态平衡，不让某些生物的数量太大。这间接地保护了海洋里的其他生物。故B正确。4A解析：根据“Collectors pay thousands of dollars for the jaws of a shark.”和“The skin of a shark can be used like leather.”可知本段是在叙述鲨鱼各部位的利用价值，选项里只有A项符合语境。故A正确。5E解析：根据“Sharks are among the oldest animals on Earth, but some sharks are in danger of disappearing from Earth.”可知某些鲨鱼已经面临着灭绝的危险。那么一旦大量的鲨鱼被捕杀，这种鲨鱼就很难恢复到正常的数量。故E项正确。