1、Unit 1 Art一提到文艺复兴时期的艺术，哪怕对西方艺术一知半解的人，都能说出达芬奇、米开朗基罗、拉斐尔、提香等艺术巨匠，以及蒙娜丽莎、最后的晚餐、大卫、西斯廷圣母等传世艺术名作。在大众心目中，文艺复兴艺术一度成为了西方艺术的代名词。Unit 1 ArtRenaissance ArtRenaissance art is more lifelike than the art of the Middle Ages.Renaissance artists studied perspective(透视法)or the differences in the way things look when
2、they are close to something or far away.The artists painted in the way that showed these differences.As a result,their paintings seem to have depth(深度)Unit 1 ArtAn artist from Florence named Giotto was one of the first to paint in this new style.Giotto lived more than a century before the beginning
3、of the Renaissance,but his paintings show real emotions.The bodies look solid,and the background of his paintings shows perspective.The art produced during the Renaissance would build upon Giottos style.Unit 1 ArtLeonardo da Vinci was born in 1452 in the village of Vinci.Leonardo began his career wo
4、rking for a master painter in Florence.Later,Leonardo left his master and set up his own workshop.People have been trying to guess the secret behind the smile of his Mona Lisa ever since he painted it.His LastSupper shows clearly the different feelings of Jesus and his followers.Leonardos fame grewb
5、ut not just for his painting.Leonardo was truly a“Renaissance Man”，skilled in many fields.He was a scientist and an inventor as well as an artist.Unit 1 ArtThe Birth of Venus was painted by Italian artist Sandro Botticelli.The painting shows the goddess Venus arrived at the shore after she had appea
6、red from the sea,fullygrown.Michelangelo Buonarroti of Florence was one of the greatest artists of all time.Like Leonardo,Michelangelo was a“Renaissance Man”of many talents.He was a sculptor,a painter,and an architect.When Michelangelo carved a statue of Moses,he included veins(纹理)and muscles in the
7、 arms and legs.Unit 1 ArtSection Warming Up&ReadingComprehendingUnit 1 Art重点单词写作词汇1._ adj.典型的；有代表性的2._ vt.采用；采纳；收养3._ n.技术；方法；技能4._ n 努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图typicaladopttechniqueattempt重点单词拓展词汇5._ n信任；信心；信念faithful adj.忠实的；守信的faithfully adv.忠实地6._ adj.明显的；明白的evidence n证据7._ n目标；目的 vi.&vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力aimless
8、 adj.无目的的8._ vt.拥有；具有；支配possession n(尤作复数)所有；财产9._ n巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合coincident adj.巧合的；同时发生的；同一时间发生的10._ vt.预言；预告；预测prediction n预言predictor n预言者faithevidentaimpossesscoincidencepredict重点单词阅读词汇11.abstract adj._n._12.sculpture n._13.gallery n._14.conventional adj._15.superb adj._16.masterpiece n._
9、17.shadow n._18.ridiculous adj._19.controversial adj._抽象的；深奥的摘要雕塑美术陈列室；画廊常规的；传统的；因循守旧的卓越的；杰出的；极好的杰作；名著阴影；影子荒谬的；可笑的争论的；争议的重点短语 1._ 大量2._ (可是)另一方面3._也就是说4._集中于 5._巧合地6._ 许多，大量7._信任8._瞄准；把对准9._ 试图做某事10._脱离(政党等)；放弃；打破(陈规)a great dealon the other handthat is to sayconcentrate onby coincidencescores ofhav
10、e faith inaim.atattempt to do sth.break away from重点句型 1.It is evident that.显而易见 _(但是很显然)ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.2.表示地点的介词短语位于句首且主语又是名词时，句子要完全倒装_(在那些画家中)who broke away from the traditional sty
11、le of painting _(有印象派画家),who lived and worked in Paris.But it was evident thatAmong the painterswere the Impressionists重点句型 3.the first(n./pron.)to do sth.第一个做某事的The Impressionists were _(第一批在户外写生的画家).4.what 引导介词后宾语从句At the time they were created,the Impressionist paintings were controversial,but to
12、day they are accepted as the beginning of _(我们所说的“现代艺术”).5.This is because.这是因为_(这是因为)the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways.the first painters to work outdoorswhat we call“modern art”This is because Fast-reading Skim the text and then do the following exercis
13、es.1What does the text mainly tell us?AHow religious paintings developed.BHow oil paintings developed.CHow Impressionists paintings developed.DHow Western art developed.答案：D2Read the text to find or conclude a topic sentence for each period of Western painting.(1)The Middle Ages：_(2)The Renaissance：
14、_(3)Impressionism：_(4)Modern Art：_答案：(1)During the Middle Ages，the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.(2)During the Renaissance，new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages.(3)During Impressionism,the Impressionists broke away from the traditional style o
15、f painting and they were the first painters to work outdoors.(4)At the time they were created，the Impressionist paintings were controversial,but today they are accepted as thebeginning of what we call“modern art”Careful-reading Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer according to the
16、 text.1At first,most people hated the Impressionists style of painting,because they thought _Atheir paintings were very abstractBtheir paintings were very realisticCthey didnt break away from the traditional style of paintingDtheir paintings were very ridiculous2During the Renaissance,painters _Apai
17、nted religious scenes in a more realistic styleBfocused more on religion than on humansCbegan to paint outdoorsDreturned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art3_ discovered how to make paintings look more real by using perspective.AGiotto di BondoneBMasaccioCClaude MonetDPablo Picasso4Accordin
18、g to the text,art is influenced less likely by _.AagricultureBfaith of a peopleCsocial changesDthe customs答案：14.DDBA Study-reading Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to pain
19、t religious scenes in a more realistic way.翻译 但是很显然在 13 世纪时，(人们的)思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家们开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。答案：形式主语；定语2Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists,who lived and worked in Paris.本句是一个完全倒装句。正常语序为 The Impressionists，who lived and worked in
20、Paris，were among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting.。句中有两个由关系代词 who 引导的定语从句，前一个定语从句 修 饰 先 行 词 _，后 一 个 定 语 从 句 修 饰 先 行 词Impressionists，关系代词 who 在两个从句中都作_。翻译 在那些脱离传统绘画风格的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。答案：painters；主语3At the time they were created,the Impressionist paintings were con
21、troversial,but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call“modern art”本句是一个由_连接的并列复合句。前一个分句中 At the time they were created 作状语，其中they were created 是省略了关系词 when 的定语从句，修饰先行词 time。后一个分句中 what 引导_从句，且在从句中作 call的宾语。翻译 在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在争议的，但是如今它们已被人们接受而成为我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。答案：but；宾语4On the one h
22、and,some modern art is abstract;that is,the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes,but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object,using colour,line and shape to represent them.that is 为_；as we see them with our eyes 为方式状语从句；using colour,line and shape to
23、represent them 为现在分词短语作_。翻译 一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的；也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中体现物体的某些品质特性，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。答案：插入语；方式状语faithfeIn.信任；信心；信念consequentlyknsIkwntlIadv.所以；因而。相当于 in consequence/as a consequence/as a result。aimeImn.目标；目的vi.&vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力representreprIzentvt.展现，表现；展示；代表representativereprIzentt
24、Ivadj.典型的，有代表性的 n代表conventionalknvennladj.常规的；传统的；因循守旧的typical tIpIkladj.典型的；有代表性的evidentevIdntadj.明显的；明白的It is evident that.显然 realisticrIlIstIkadj.现实主义的；逼真的；现实的renaissancerIneIsns;US rensnsn.新生；复兴；复活the Renaissance 文艺复兴(时期)adoptdptvt.采用；采纳；收养adopt 与 adapt(使适应，使适合)是形近词。humanistichjumnIstIkadj.人道主义的
25、possesspzes vt.拥有；具有；支配 possessionpzenn.(尤作复数)所有；财产superbsupb；sjupbadj.卓越的；杰出的；极好的 achievementtfivmntn.成就；成绩；功绩perspectivepspektIvn.透视画法；透视图；观点 techniqueteknikn.技术；方法；技能sb.is convincedthat.of sth.某人坚信coincidencekInsIdnsn.巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合by coincidence 巧合地masterpiecemstpisn.杰作；名著 impressionismImp
26、renIzmn.印象主义；印象派impressionistImprenIstadj.印象派的 n印象派艺术家21 a great deal 大量22 break away from 脱离；逃脱23 be eager to do sth.渴望做某事24 shadowdn.阴影；影子25 ridiculousrIdIkjlsadj.荒谬的；可笑的26 controversialkntrvladj.争论的；争议的27 scores of 很多，大量28 that is 在此相当于 that is to say，意为“也就是说”。29 attempttemptn.努力；尝试；企图 vt.尝试；企图30
27、 on the other hand(可是)另一方面31 predictprIdIktvt.预言；预告；预测prediction n预言；预告【核心素养链接】文艺复兴是一场反映新兴资产阶级要求的欧洲思想文化运动，是西欧近代三大思想解放运动(文艺复兴、宗教改革和启蒙运动)之一。文艺复兴最先在意大利各城市兴起，以后扩展到西欧各国，于 16 世纪达到顶峰。意大利佛罗伦萨作为文艺复兴的发祥地，在诗歌、绘画、雕刻、建筑、音乐等方面均取得了突出成就，其代表人物有诗人但丁(神曲)、作家薄伽丘(十日谈)、画家达芬奇(最后的晚餐蒙娜丽莎)和雕刻家米开朗琪罗(大卫)等。A SHORT HISTORY OF WES
28、TERN PAINTINGArt is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.Styles in Western art have changed many times.As there are so many different styles of Western art,it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text.Consequently，this text will describe only the most important ones
29、,starting from the sixth century AD.As 在此引导原因状语从句，主句中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to describe all of them in such a short text。starting from the sixth century AD 是现在分词短语作定语，修饰前面的 the most important ones。The Middle Ages(5th to 15th century AD)During the Middle Ages,the main aim of painters was to represent relig
30、ious themes.A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were.A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols,which created a feeling of respect and love for God.But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when p
31、ainters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.as 在此引导方式状语从句。本句中 it 为形式主语，that 引导的从句为真正的主语；that引导的从句中又包含一个 when 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the 13th century。The Renaissance(15th to 16th century)During the Renaissance,new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the
32、Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopta more humanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art.They tried to paint people and nature as they really were.Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings,so
33、they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses.They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves,their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.as well as 意为“除之外，也”，用来连接两个并列成分。当连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数同 as well as前的成分保持一致。One of the most important discoveries
34、 during this period was how to draw things in perspective.This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428.When people first saw his paintings,they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene.If the rules of perspective had not been discovered,no one would have be
35、en able to paint such realistic pictures.By coincidence，oil paints were also developed at this time,which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.Without the new paints and the new technique,we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous本句使用
36、了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设，故从句谓语用的是“had done”形式，主句谓语用的是“would have done”形式。which 在此引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句中的主语 oil paints。在该定语从句中过去分词短语used in paintings作定语，修饰 the colours；该定语从句中还包含一个“make宾语宾补”结构，其中省略了 to 的动词不定式短语 look richer and deeper 作宾语补足语。此处是“介词(for)关系代词(which)”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 masterpieces。Impressionism(late 19th
37、 to early 20th century)In the late 19th century,Europe changed a great deal21,from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities.There were many new inventions and social changes.Naturally,these changes also led to new painting styl
38、es.Among the painters who broke away from 22 the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists,who lived and worked in Paris.Among the painters 位于句首，整个句子用了完全倒装。句中 who broke away from.painting 为定语从句，修饰先行词 the painters;who lived.Paris 为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Impressionists。The Impressionists were t
39、he first painters to work outdoors.They were eager to23 show how light and shadow24fell on objects at different times of day.However,because natural light changes so quickly,the Impressionists had to paint quickly.Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters.At first,many people
40、 disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it.They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous25.Modern Art(20th century to today)At the time they were created,the Impressionist paintings were controversial26,but today they are accepted as the beginning
41、 of what we call“modern art”.This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways.There are scores of27modern art styles,but without the Impressionists,many of these painting styles might not exist.On the one hand,some modern art is abstract;that is28,the pa
42、inter does not attempt29 to paint objects as we see them with our eyes,but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object,using colour,line and shape to represent them.On the other hand30,some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.These styles are so diffe
43、rent.Who can predict31 what painting styles there will be in the future?what 在此引导宾语从句，作介词 of 的宾语，且 what 在从句中作 call 的宾语。本句为主系表结构，because 引导表语从句，从句表示原因。but 在此连接两个并列的谓语。as 在此引导方式状语从句。using colour.them 为现在分词短语作方式状语。what 在此引导宾语从句，并在从句中作定语。西方绘画简史艺术受一个民族的风俗和信仰的影响。西方的艺术风格已经经历过多次变革。由于西方艺术有太多不同的风格，在这样短的一篇文章里不
44、可能对它们全部进行描述。因此，本文只描述从公元 6 世纪以来最重要的那些艺术风格。中世纪(公元 5 世纪到 15 世纪)在中世纪时期，画家的主要目的是把宗教的主题表现出来。这个时期传统的画家对如实地展现自然和人物不感兴趣。这个时期的典型绘画充满了宗教象征，体现了对上帝的敬重与爱戴之情。但是很显然在 13 世纪时，(人们的)思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家们开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。文艺复兴(15 世纪到 16 世纪)在文艺复兴时期，新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪时期(人们)持有的思想和价值观。人们开始较少关注宗教主题，而采取一种更为人性化的生活态度。同时画家回到了罗马和希腊的古
45、典艺术理念上。他们尽力如实地画出人物和自然。富人们想拥有他们自己的绘画，这样他们就可以装饰他们宏伟的宫殿和豪宅。他们出钱聘请著名的画家画他们自己的肖像、他们的房子和所有物以及他们的活动和成就。在此期间，最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画事物。这一手法是 1428 年由马萨乔第一次使用的。人们第一次看到他的画时，他们坚信自己是透过墙上的一个洞来观看真实的场景的。如果没有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也被研制出，使得画的颜色看上去更丰富、更深沉。没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。印象派(19 世纪末期到 20 世纪初期)1
46、9 世纪末期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。许多人从农村迁移到了新城市。有许多新发明和社会变革。这些变革也自然而然地促成了新的绘画风格。在那些脱离传统绘画风格的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。印象派画家是第一批在户外写生的画家。他们渴望把一天中不同时段投射到物体上的光线和阴影展现出来。然而，由于自然光变化很快，印象派画家不得不快速画画。他们的画就不像早期画家的画那样细致了。起初，很多人不喜欢这种绘画风格，对此怒不可遏。他们说这些画家(画画时)漫不经心，他们的画荒谬可笑。现代艺术(20 世纪至今)在印象派作品的创作初期，它们是存在争议的，但是如今它们已被人们接受而成为我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。这是因为印象派画家鼓励艺术家用新的方式来看待环境。现代艺术风格有很多种，但是如果没有印象派画家，那么其中的很多绘画风格就可能不存在了。一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的；也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中体现物体的某些品质特性，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。另一方面，有些现代艺术画作如此逼真以至于它们看上去就像是照片。这些风格差别很大。谁能够预言将来会有什么样的绘画风格呢？本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放
