1、山东中学联盟2021届高三大联考英语试题注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读
2、一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.答案是C。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How long did it take the man to get to the campus today?A. Half an hour.B. One hour.C. 45 minutes.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: You are late. What happened?M: My train usually takes 45 minutes but today it took me 15 more minutes t
3、o get to the campus.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What color is the blanket?A. Yellow.B. Blue.C. Green.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W：At first I thought this blanket was green but now it looks yellow to me.M：You were right the first time. It is the blue light in the store that makes everything look different.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请
4、去附件查看】Where is the woman probably?A. At an airport.B. In the mans company.C. In her friends house.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W：May I have all of your passports? Are you here for pleasure or on business?M：I came here for sightseeing with my friends，sir.W：Do you have anything to declare?M：Nosir，we dont.4. 【此处可播放相关音
5、频，请去附件查看】What is Johnson doing now?A. He is having a meeting.B. He is making a phone call.C. He is taking a walk outside.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M：Im calling for Ray Johnson. Is he in?W：Hes on the phone right now.M：May I wait?W：Yes，sir. Ill connect you as soon as the line is clear.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What wil
6、l the speakers probably do next?A. Talk to a policeman.B. Visit the exhibition.C. Cancel their flight.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W：Why is the traffic so heavy? We might miss our flight.M：Oh，I remember theres a large exhibition in front.W：Then what are we supposed to do?M：Lets ask the policeman standing over there
7、.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中昕给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A Brother and sister.B. Classmates.C. Son and mother.7. What will the gir
8、l do on Saturday?A. Visit her grandparents.B. Attend a birthday party.C. Have a class.【答案】6. B 7. A【解析】【原文】M: Hey. Jenny. Saturday is my birthday and I was wondering if youd like to come to my party. You can come along with your brother.W: Oh. Im sorry. I think I may already have plansto go to my gr
9、andparents house with my father.M: OK. I hope you have a good time.W: Thank you. And I hope your partys fun. Anyway, see you in class on Monday.M: Sure! Bye.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. Where is the woman from?A. Spain.B. Italy.C. Finland.9. Why is the woman at the conference?A. To do resea
10、rch.B. To represent her company.C. To ensure computer security.10. What will the woman do next?A. Meet Robert.B. Read an article.C. Introduce the man to her friend.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. A【解析】【原文】M: Can I introduce myself? Im Gianluca Donatelli. Im from Spain.W: Im Jana. Im from Finland.M: And who do you
11、 work for?W: I dont work for a company. Im self-employed. I am a journalist. I write articles for magazines. Im here at this conference to research for an article on internet service providers.M: Thats interesting. A friend of mine works for an Italian service provider. Can I introduce you to him?W:
12、 Yes, of course. That would be nice.M: Robert. Can you come here for a minute? This is Jana听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. Why does the man want to get a summer job?A. To pay his brother back.B. To save for a trip.C. To save money for a course.12. How will the woman get money?A. By borrowing
13、from her brother.B. By doing a part-time job.C. By asking her parents.13. What does the man decide to do in the end?A. Study in Spain.B. Get a job in Portugal.C. Go to Latin America with the woman.【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C【解析】【原文】W: Do you have any plans during this summer?M: Well, I want to get a summe
14、r job. Id like to save money for a vacation.W: Really? Where would you like to go?M: Id love to travel to Latin America. What about you, Melissa?W: Well, Im not going to get a job right away. First, I want to go to Spain and Portugal.M: Sounds great, but how are you going to pay for it?W: I know I c
15、ant ask my parents for money any more, so I11 borrow some money from my brother. I have a good excuse. I plan to take courses in Spanish and Portuguese.M: Oh, Im tired of studying!W: So am I. But I also hope to take people on tours to Latin America. Why dont you come on my first tour?M: Count me in!
16、听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. What does the woman probably do?A. A swimmer.B. A boxer.C. A footballer.15. What does the woman do after lunch?A. Have a break.B. Get back to the pool.C. Do track work and body exercises.16. How does the woman spend her most nights?A. Dancing at a club.B. Chatt
17、ing online.C. Going to bed early.【答案】14. A 15. C 16. C【解析】【原文】M：Annie Cole，Im so glad that I find myself here with you in the training camp. I imagine the training is pretty hard.W：Yes，it is.M：Could you please talk to me about your daily training?W：OK. I get up at about six forty-five. I have a very
18、 light breakfast at seven and then I get to the pool by half past seven.M：I see. How long do you train?W：All daytime.M：You mean you swim for about eight hours?W：Oh，no. Having trained for about four hours，I have lunch and then do track work and body exercises in the afternoon. I suppose I train until
19、 four oclock in the afternoon.M：Thats a long day.W：Its all right.M：What about your free time? What do you do?W：Well. I usually watch TVI like American programs. I sometimes go dancing at a nearby club.M：Dancing?W：Yes，but I go to bed early at most nights.M：Thank you，Annie，and good luck to you.听下面一段独白
20、，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. Which place will have the strictest ban on smoking according to the text?A. Britain.B. Finland.C. Hong Kong.18. What does the government mean by saying“once and for all”?A. It cant ban smoking forever.B. It wants to ban smoking now.C. It wants to ban smoking thoroughly.
21、19. Which public place is allowed to smoke in Hong Kong?A. Restaurants.B. Cars.C. Shopping malls.20. What would be the best title for this passage?A. Smoking and Cancer.B. Smoking in Hong Kong.C. Anti-smoking Laws.【答案】17. B 18. C 19. B 20. C【解析】【原文】M：Recently，the government of Finland decided to int
22、roduce stronger laws against smoking，which will be stricter than the laws in Hong Kong.Hong Kongs anti-smoking laws have banned smoking in many public places，such as restaurants and shopping malls. In Finland，smoking will be banned in more places，including cars. The display of cigarettes in shops wi
23、ll also be banned. The government in Finland said it wanted to ban smoking“once and for all”. Many other countries，such as Britain and Canada，have smoking bans，but they are not as strict as Hong Kong or Finland.In some countries，there are separate areas in restaurants and bars where smoking is allow
24、ed. However，smoking is harmful to all people，including non-smokers. Therefore，smoking is not welcome at all. Anti-smoking laws are being introduced everywhere since smoking is associated with many illnesses such as lung cancer as well as heart disease. Enforcing smoking bans in public places makes t
25、hose areas safer and cleaner for everyone，particularly children. Banning smoking also means that it is less acceptable to smoke in public. Therefore there has generally been a move to ban smoking around the world.第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIMPORTANT
26、FALL SEMESTER 2020 UPDATEWelcome back students! We hope that you had a productive and safe summer.Our office staff is committed to your safety and well-being during the ongoing COVID-19. As the virus continues to spread and in accordance with University of Idaho safety efforts, our office procedures
27、 have changed for the fall semester. Please read the letter to all University Honors Program students from the director with important information.The Honors Program enriches your experience at the University of Idaho.Small, enriching, discussion-based courses that count toward degree requirementsSe
28、lective honors program-specific, four-year scholarshipsSpecial advising to help you get engaged in undergraduate research and prepare for graduate schoolExtracurricular academic activities such as “Fireside Chats” with professors and trips to regional honors conferencesFree admission to on-and off-c
29、ampus concerts and moviesLeadership opportunities such as the Honors Student Ambassador Program. Peer Mentor Program and student clubsSupportive campus living groupsStudents interested in finding out more about national competitive scholarships, fellowships and grants for summer research, and langua
30、ge program, please contact Dilshani Sarathchandra, coordinator of the Distinguished Scholarships Program at the University of Idaho, at dilshanisuidaho.edu. Please also visit the program home page.21 Who is the directors letter intended for?A. All the staff at the University of Idaho.B. University o
31、f Idaho safety departments.C. All University Honors Program students.D. The officers changing the autumn semester.22. What will you do to probably help you get a degree according to the passage?A. Organizing academic activities.B. Supporting campus living groups.C. Taking part in special graduate re
32、search.D. Attending enriching，discussion-based courses.23. Which of the following is helpful if you aim to be a leader?A. Student clubs.B. Summer study.C. Language programs.D. Concerts and movies.【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了由于新冠肺炎疫情的影响，学校重点对2020年秋季学期荣誉课程做了改变，并且进行了详细的最新情况的介绍。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据
33、文中第一段“Please read the letter to all University Honors Program students from the director with important information.(请阅读主任给所有大学荣誉课程的学生写的含有重要信息的信件)”可知，主任的信件主要是给所有大学荣誉课程的学生写的。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“Small, enriching, discussion-based courses that count toward degree requirements.(小型的、丰富的、以讨论为基础的课程计入学位要求
34、)”可知，要拿学位必须参加以讨论为基础的课程。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“Leadership opportunities such as the Honors Student Ambassador Program, Peer Mentor Program and student clubs.(领导机会如优等生大使计划、同伴导师计划和学生俱乐部)”可知，参加这些活动可以培养领导能力。故选A。BThe signs appeared practically overnight. They appeared everywhere. Each featured just a few u
35、plifting words in simple black type：“Dont Give Up. ”“You Are Worthy of Love. ”At the high school in Newberg，Oregon，two students killed themselves that year，so the town of 25，000 instantly understood the messages. For days，what no one could figure out was who had planted them.Amy Wolff had. She felt
36、necessary to address Newbergs grief. She planted the signs anonymously(匿名)because she wanted them to be about their message，not any one person.Yet as Wolff saw the deep influence her signs had on her neighbors，she decided to share her message publicly. Instantly，her mailbox was flooded with requests
37、 for more signs. She asked a friend，graphic designer Jessica Brittell，to print more. “We decided to just ride it out，just keep going until the orders stop，”says Wolff.That was in May 2017. Since then，the Dont Give Up Movement launched by Wolff has spread from Newberg to the hearts and yards of peopl
38、e in every state and several countries. Wolff charges only the cost of materials and shipping. “Its a terrible business decision if we wanted to function like a business，”she says.One of the most heartening elements of the Dont Give Up Movement is that it has gone viral in a remarkably human way. Pe
39、ople have taken to planting the signs in their lawns，taking selfies，and then posting them to share.“It was the best feeling in the world that I could have an impact outside of school by using these products，”says a teacher，in Texas teaching a lesson in unity after his classroom moved online. “This w
40、as a good way to let them know that we care even when we cant see them. ”Wolffs message is about to grow yet again. “But there has never been a more fierce backdrop to the power of hope and sympathetic action than right now，”Wolff shares.24. What did Amy Wolff do in the neighboring community?A. She
41、decorated the town in simple black type.B. She urged the town to admire the messages.C. She persuaded the neighbors to be active.D. She planted signs with uplifting words.25. Why did Wolff choose to share her message publicly?A. To influence more people.B. To address Newbergs grief.C. To raise peopl
42、es awareness.D. To meet neighborsrequests.26. What did Wolff sacrifice to satisfy consumersneeds?A. Her spare time.B. Her own profits.C. The delivering fees.D. The cost of materials.27. What can we learn from Wolffs story?A. Hard work leads to success.B. Love can take us everywhere.C. Great things a
43、re done by mass efforts.D. Love or loving yourself could be wakened.【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D【解析】【分析】文章是记叙文。主要讲述了Wolff因为两个学生自杀身亡的事件，为了激励人们不要轻易放弃希望，在社区到处竖起了“绝不放弃”等标语牌，受到邻居的赞赏。后来把这种做法推广到更多的地方，激励更多的人们要对生活充满希望，绝不放弃。表明爱和自爱可以被唤醒。【详解】1.细节理解题。由第一段第一句“The signs appeared practically overnight. ”（这些迹象几乎是一夜之间
44、出现的。），第三句“Each featured just a few uplifting words”（每一个都有一些令人振奋的词语）和第二段第一句“Amy Wolff had. ”（是Amy竖起了它们）可知，Amy Wolff在社区竖起了不少让人们振奋精神的标语。故选D。2.细节理解题。由第三段第一句“Yet as Wolff saw the deep influence her signs had on her neighbors，she decided to step forward to share her message publicly. ”（然而，当沃尔夫看到她的标志对邻居的深远
45、影响时，她决定站出来，公开分享她的信息。）可知，她公开分享信息，目的是为了影响更多的人。故选A。3.推理判断题。由第四段倒第二句“Wolff charges only the cost of materials and shipping. ”（Wolff只收取成本和运输费用）可知，Wolff没有获取任何利润。故选B。4.推理判断题。文章第一段提到镇子里有两个学生自杀，为了安慰人们，Wolff在社区到处竖起了励志的标语牌。文中第四段第一句提到“the Dont Give Up Movement”，说明激励人们要对生活充满希望，绝不放弃。最后结尾部分，Wolff分享的内容是“But there h
46、as never been a more fierce backdrop to the power of hope and sympathetic action than right now”（但是从来没有像现在这样，充满希望和同情心的力量如此强大）。所以从文中可以了解到，爱和自爱是可以被唤醒的，故选D。CTo say there are many new holiday romantic comedies made for television every year is the kind of understatement nearly like a joke. One of the re
47、asons they tend to be formulaic is that to tell a love story in roughly an hour and a half without challenging an audiences settled expectations, there are only so many ways to go with the rhythm. Perhaps thats why Netflix has better luck with DashLily, an eight-episode limited series thats got the
48、charm that a lot of holiday films lack.Our story begins when a lonely Lily leaves an interesting note in a book on the shelf at The Strand, hoping a stranger will start an adventure with her. Dash finds it and reads it, and he accepts its challenge. Thus begins a correspondence in which they each wr
49、ite in the book and then leave it somewhere for the other, so that they never meet in person, but they get to send each other to their favorite places, sometimes to complete dares before the book can be found. Now, you do not want to think too carefully about thisthe idea that Lilys original clue wo
50、uld be found by an ageappropriate straight boy who likes mysteries and looks like he was born to be in adaptations almost as much as she does is the height of magic, so just stay relaxed and go with it.These eight episodes, each around 25 minutes, never drag; they fly by joyfully. The ending, as is
51、often the case with love stories, sort of lands with a cloud of glitter, a little messy but worth cheering for. Its as lovely and comfortable as you could want, just about perfect for a weekend with a blanket over you.28. What made DashLily stand out among other films?A. Being formulaic to tell a ro
52、mantic story.B. Presenting a new romantic television show.C. Attracting the audience with its typical charm.D. Satisfying the audiences settled expectations.29. What does the underlined word “correspondence” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Relationship between two facts.B. Message connecting two persons.
53、C. Course of study sending off work by post.D. Action of writing, receiving, and reading letters.30. Which of the following best describes Dash?A. Preferring reading.B. Behaving strangely.C. Acting romantically.D. Enjoying adventures.31. What is the purpose of this text?A. To introduce a charming mo
54、vie.B. To recommend a holiday comedy.C. To praise the romantic director.D. To explain what makes a good film.【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电视剧达什与莉莉的成功之处，作品内容简介，并推荐节假日可以观看。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“One of the reasons they tend to be formulaic is that to tell a love story in roughly an hour
55、and a half without challenging an audiences settled expectations, there are only so many ways to go with the rhythm. Perhaps thats why Netflix has better luck with DashLily, an eight-episode limited series thats got the charm that a lot of holiday films lack.(它们之所以趋向于公式化，原因之一就是要在大约一个半小时内讲述一个爱情故事，而不挑
56、战观众的既定期望。有很多方法可以适应观众的期待。也许这就是为什么Netflix在达什与莉莉上运气更好的原因，这是一部八集的剧集，有着许多假日电影所缺乏的魅力)”可知，Dash&Lily以它独特的魅力吸引观众，让它在其他电影中脱颖而出。故选C。【29题详解】词义猜测题。结合画线词上文“Dash finds it and reads it, and he accepts its challenge.”以及后文“in which they each write in the book and then leave it somewhere for the other, so that they ne
57、ver meet in person, but they get to send each other to their favorite places, sometimes to complete dares before the book can be found”可知Dash发现并读了它，他接受了挑战。于是他们开始联系，他们在书上写下自己的名字，然后把它留给对方，这样他们就不用见面，但是可以让对方去他们最喜欢的地方，有时候在书被拿到之前就完成了挑战。即他们之间通过夹在书中的纸条保持联系。可知，画线词意思为“连接两个人的消息”。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。由“Dash finds i
58、t and reads it, and he accepts its challenge.( Dash发现并读了它，他接受了挑战)”和“boy who likes mysteries(喜欢冒险的男号)”可推知，Dash应该是一个喜欢冒险的男孩。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Its as lovely and comfortable as you could want, just about perfect for a weekend with a blanket over you.(你想要多舒适多可爱就有多舒适，盖条毯子过个周末再合适不过了)”结合本文介绍了电视剧的创作、
59、情节，是人们假日适合观看的一部爱情喜剧，建议人们观看。可推知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一部假日喜剧。故选B。DHow important is fish farming? Very. Although its an ancient business, the rise of aquaculture has been one of the biggest revolutions in food supply over the past half century.Aquaculture has made fish more affordable for consumers around the wor
60、ld, popularizing the consumption of what used to be expensive, and easing the pressure on hard-pressed wild stocks. Aquaculture also has many clear environmental benefits: compared with other ways of growing animal protein, it uses little or no land, and has low greenhouse emissions. And while the w
61、orld has traditionally had a bad record of regulating wild fishing, fish farming generally occurs within the boundaries of governments, meaning it should, in theory, be much easier to ensure that good practices are upheld.Crowding large numbers of fish into limited spaces means that waste products,
62、including waste, uneaten food and dead fish, are poured into the surrounding waters, polluting them. Besides, the pesticides and drugs used to treat conditions that upset fish in concentrated numbers can also affect local wildlife. Many farmed fish are fed on other fish, so the industry also puts pr
63、essure on wild stocks：about a fifth of all caught fish, some 18 million tonnes, is used for fish oil and fishmeal production. There is also the problem of fish escaping, with potentially dangerous effects on surrounding ecosystems.In 2018 the Scottish Parliaments environment committee published a re
64、port into the fish farming industrys environmental effects, stating that key problems simply hadnt been tackled, and that the Scottish governments plan to double salmon output by 2030 could cause“irrecoverable damage”to ecosystems. Since then, protections have been toughened. There is now more press
65、ure from regulators to situate farms in remote, deep-water locations. Meanwhile, though, catches of Scottish wild salmon have fallen to their lowest level since records began in 1952. “There are good reasons for fish farming and real dangers to it as well. ”concludes an official. “The question is ho
66、w to make it work. ”32. How has fish farming benefited people?A. It has many clear environmental effects.B. It can monitor the wild fish in 1imited areas.C. It makes it easier for more people to consume fish.D. Its easier for the government to make fish product.33. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A
67、. The reasons for fish farming.B. The downsides of aquaculture.C. The development of sea exploring.D. The effects on surrounding ecosystems.34. What do we know about fish farming according to the Scottish report?A. The massive fish farming may damage ecosystems.B. The problems of fish farming are li
68、kely to be solved.C. The fish farming industry has no effect on environment.D. The Scottish government plans to double fish output now.35. What is the writers attitude towards aquaculture?A. Objective.B. Doubtful.C. Critical.D. Disapproving.【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文中主要介绍了水产养殖，介绍了水产养殖利
69、与弊以及如何改善养殖环境。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Aquaculture has made fish more affordable for consumers around the world, popularizing the consumption of what used to be expensive, and easing the pressure on hard-pressed wild stocks.(水产养殖让世界各地的消费者更能买得起鱼，普及了过去昂贵的鱼类消费，并缓解了野生鱼类面临的压力)”可知，养鱼可以使更多的人有条件食用鱼，让人们受益。故选C。【33题
70、详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Crowding large numbers of fish into limited spaces means that waste products, including waste, uneaten food and dead fish, are poured into the surrounding waters, polluting them. Besides, the pesticides and drugs used to treat conditions that upset fish in concentrated numbers can als
71、o affect local wildlife. Many farmed fish are fed on other fish, so the industry also puts pressure on wild stocks：about a fifth of all caught fish, some 18 million tonnes, is used for fish oil and fishmeal production. There is also the problem of fish escaping, with potentially dangerous effects on
72、 surrounding ecosystems.(大量的鱼挤在有限的空间意味着产生废品，包括垃圾、未吃的食物和死鱼，被倾倒到周围的水域，污染它们。此外，杀虫剂和药物被用来治疗大量鱼类的疾病，也会影响当地的野生动物。许多养殖的鱼以其他鱼为食，因此渔业也给野生鱼类种群带来了压力：约有五分之一约1800万吨的捕捞鱼被用于生产鱼油和鱼粉。此外还有鱼类逃逸的问题，这对周围的生态系统有潜在的危险影响)”可知，第三段谈论的是水产养殖的弊端。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In 2018 the Scottish Parliaments environment committee publi
73、shed a report into the fish farming industrys environmental effects, stating that key problems simply hadnt been tackled, and that the Scottish governments plan to double salmon output by 2030 could cause “irrecoverable damage” to ecosystems.( 2018年，苏格兰议会环境委员会发布了一份关于养鱼业环境影响的报告，称关键问题根本没有得到解决，苏格兰政府计划到
74、2030年将三文鱼产量翻一番，这可能会对生态系统造成“无法恢复的破坏”)”故根据苏格兰的报告，可知大规模的鱼类养殖可能会破坏生态系统。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。文章前面介绍了水产养殖的利与弊。最后一段中“There are good reasons for fish farming and real dangers to it as well. ”concludes an official. “The question is how to make it work. ”(有充分的理由进行水产养殖，但是也有危险，”一位官员总结说。“问题是如何使它好好运营”)”由此可以推测，作者对解决水产
75、养殖的问题持有客观的态度。故选A。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最他选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The four main parts of a research paper are the introduction，body，conclusion，and reference page. These parts can be broken down further into smaller parts depending upon the type of research paper that is being writt
76、en. Some papers require an abstract，experiment methods，and results，for example. _36_ It provides the reader with as much information as possible on a specific topic. The introduction is the first paragraph and may be the most important part of the paper. _37_ It should also include what the author o
77、r researcher expected to find during the research，which is called a hypothesis(假设).The body of a research paper contains the most part of information. The body can be separated into three parts，including the experimental methods，the results，and a discussion. The experimental methods are the steps th
78、e researcher took to answer the proposed research question. _38_ The discussion section is where the researcher writes about the experimental findings and how those findings relate to the original hypothesis._39_ It should tie all of the parts of a research paper together. It should explain why the
79、research conducted was important and how it relates to other research that has already been published. The conclusion is usually only one paragraph in a short research paper.The reference page should list each of the books，journals，websites，and any other publications that were used to write the pape
80、r. _40_ Most follow specific guidelines depending on what kind of paper is being written.A. The conclusion is the final section.B. Well，what is a research paper about?C. The best research paper is thorough.D. The reference page can also be called a bibliography.E. So most research papers can keep re
81、aders well informed.F. It should state the main point or the question that is being researched.G. The results are the actions and reactions that took place during the experiment or the answer to the question.【答案】36. C 37. F 38. G 39. A 40. D【解析】本文是说明文，主要介绍了如何写出一篇好的论文的建议。【36题详解】由下文提到的“It provides the
82、 reader with as much information as possible on a specific topic.”为读者提供尽可能多的特定主题的信息，可知，此处应该是陈述好的研究论文的特征。即“最好的研究论文是全面的。” 空后的It 指代的就是C项中的The best research paper，故选C项。【37题详解】由上文中的“The introduction is the first paragraph and may be the most important part of the paper. ”（引言是第一段，可能是论文最重要的部分）及下文提到的“It sho
83、uld also include what the author or researcher expected to find during the research，which is called a hypothesis”它还应该包括作者或研究人员在研究过程中期望发现的东西，这被称为假设。可知此处应该提到引言部分应该包含的内容。F项说它应该陈述主要观点或正在研究的问题。符合上下文逻辑关系。F项中的It指代的就是上文中的 introduction ，故选F项。【38题详解】上文提到三部分“the experimental methods，the results，and a discussio
84、n”，而前后句分别提到了“the experimental methods”和“a discussion”，所以此处应该提到“results”。 故选G项。【39题详解】由文章第一段提到的“The four main parts of a research paper are the introduction，body，conclusion，and reference page. ” 研究论文的四个主要部分是引言、正文、结论和参考文献页和下文“The conclusion is usually only one paragraph in a short research paper. ” 在一
85、篇简短的研究论文中，结论通常只有一段话。可知，此处应该是结论部分。A项中的conclusion 与空后的conclusion 一致， 故选A项。【40题详解】根据上文“The reference page should list each of the books，journals，websites，and any other publications that were used to write the paper.”参考页应该列出每一本书、期刊、网站和任何其他用来写论文的出版物。可知本段主要讲参考文献的写法，要根据所写的论文去写参考文献，有特定的要求。D项说参考页面也可以称为参考书目。与
86、上文相互照应。故选D项。第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下向短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The COVID-19(新冠肺炎)forbade us to explore abroad. My neighbor the Wuest brothers and I decided to touch treasures _41_ to homethe Dome Pita world-class“show _42_”known as Natural Bridge Caverns (NBC)in San An
87、tonio._43_ to explore the cave，the Wuest brothers expressed interest in our relatively high-tech gear(工具). We made a(n) _44_ to return to the Dome Pit with Lee White in early May.As planned，Lee and I _45_ to NBC and into the Dome Pit in early May. _46_ that climbing it was a bigger _47_ than we imag
88、ined，we still gave it a try.Failing twice，we used drones(无人机)to _48_ videos and steadily fasten the ropes around big stones. In half an hour，the drone pulled up the rope. _49_，six of us climbed the rope one at a time and went off into the cave _50_ .The passage was like a valley consistently 5 to 6
89、meters _51_ and 2 to 3 meters in width. While we were in the passages, the Wuest brothers _52_ samples of bat waste to _53_the bat activity in these passages.On July 27，we teamed up with the Wuest brothers and other fellow _54_ to carry out a proper survey of the newfound passageways We plan to _55_
90、 the unlimited spirit as we continue to explore one of Earths great geological wonders.41. A. preciousB. availableC. fartherD. closer42. A. caseB. roomC. caveD. hole43. A. CautiousB. NervousC. SeriousD. Eager44. A. researchB. planC. surveyD. effort45. A. headedB. returnedC. stuckD. accessed46. A. Ag
91、reeingB. PerceivingC. RemindingD. Claiming47. A. phaseB. treatC. dealD. move48. A. coverB. shootC. sendD. drop49. A. ThenB. InsteadC. ThereforeD. Still50. A. exitB. bottomC. floorD. passage51. A. deepB. 1ongC. tallD. wide52. A. collectedB. analyzedC. sortedD. searched53. A. markB. dateC. watchD. pre
92、dict54. A. witnessesB. visitorsC. caversD. hikers55. A. valueB. sustainC. take afterD. carry on【答案】41. D 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了作者在家附近的宝藏圆顶洞圣安东尼奥的一个世界级的天然桥洞探索的经历。【详解】1.考查形容词辨析。句意：我的邻居Wuest兄弟和我决定在离家更近的地方接触宝物圆顶洞穴一个世界级的“展示洞
93、穴”，被称为圣安东尼奥的天然桥洞(NBC)。A.precious之前的；B.available可获得的；C.farther更远的；D.closer更近的。根据前文“The COVID-19(新碰肺炎)forbade us to explore abroad. ”（新冠肺炎疫情禁止我们出国探险。）可知，“我们”无法出国探险，就只能在离家更近的地方接触宝物。故选D。2.考查名词辨析。句意：我的邻居Wuest兄弟和我决定在离家更近的地方接触宝物圆顶洞穴一个世界级的“展示洞穴”，被称为圣安东尼奥的天然桥洞(NBC)。A.case案件； B.room房间；C.cave洞穴；D.hole孔洞。根据the
94、Dome Pit可知，此处是指洞穴。故选C。3.考查形容词辨析。句意：由于渴望探索这个洞穴，Wuest兄弟对我们相对高科技的装备表现出了兴趣。A.Cautious谨慎的；B.Nervous紧张的；C.Serious严重的；D.Eager渴望的。根据后文“the Wuest brothers expressed interest in our relatively high-tech gear(工具). ”可知，是因为渴望探索这个洞穴，所以邻居才对装备感兴趣。故选D。4.考查名词辨析。句意：我们计划五月初和李怀特一起返回圆顶洞穴。A.research调查； B.plan计划；C.survey调查
95、；D.effort努力。根据后文“As planned”（正如所计划的）可知，此处是指“我们”制定了一个计划。故选B。5.考查动词辨析。句意：按照计划，李和我去了NBC，并在5月初进入了圆顶洞穴。A.headed前往；B.returned返回；C.stuck坚持；D.accessed使用。根据前文“My neighbor the Wuest brothers and I decided to.known as Natural Bridge Caverns (NBC)in San Antonio.”可知，按照计划，“我们”去了NBC，即“前往”。故选A。6.考查名词辨析。句意：意识到攀登比我们想
96、象的要困难，我们还是尝试了一下。A.Agreeing同意；B.Perceiving感知，认识；C.Reminding提醒；D.Claiming宣称。根据后文“climbing it was a bigger . than we imagined”可知，此处是指意识到事实与“我们”原来想象的不同。故选B。7.考查名词辨析。句意：意识到攀登比我们想象的要困难，我们还是尝试了一下。A.phase时期，阶段；B.treat接待；C.deal约定，待遇； D.move运动。根据“than we imagined”可知，“我们”意识到事实比想象中难，its a big deal意为“这是一个大问题”，故选
97、C。8.考查动词辨析。句意：失败了两次，我们用无人机拍摄视频，用绳子稳稳地绑住大石头。A.cover覆盖；B.shoot拍摄；C.send派遣；D.drop下降。根据“we used drones(无人机)”和宾语videos可知，此处是指“拍摄视频”。故选B。9.考查副词辨析。句意：然后我们六个人一个一个地爬上绳子，进入了洞穴通道。A.Then然后；B.Instead取而代之的是；C.Therefore因此；D.Still仍然。前文“In half an hour，the drone pulled up the rope.”（半小时后，无人机拉起了绳子。）和后文“six of us clim
98、bed the rope”是顺序先后的关系，故选A。10.考查名词辨析。句意：然后我们六个人一个一个地爬上绳子，进入了洞穴通道。A.exit出口；B.bottom底部；C.floor地板；D.passage通道。根据后文“The passage was like a valley”（这条通道像一个山谷）可知，此处是指“我们”进入了洞穴通道。故选D。11.考查形容词辨析。句意：这条通道就像一个山谷，差不多一直都是5到6米高，2到3米宽。A.deep深的；B. 1ong长的；C.tall高的；D.wide宽的。根据后文“2 to 3 meters in width”和前文“5 to 6 meter
99、s”可知，此处是指高五到六米。故选C。12.考查动词辨析。句意：当我们在通道里的时候，Wuest兄弟收集了蝙蝠排泄物的样本来确定这些走廊里蝙蝠的活动时间。A.collected收集；B.analyzed分析；C.sorted分类；D.searched查找。根据宾语samples of bat waste可知，此处是指在通道里收集蝙蝠排泄物的样本。故选A。13.考查动词辨析。句意：当我们在通道里的时候，Wuest兄弟收集了蝙蝠排泄物的样本来确定这些走廊里蝙蝠的活动时间。A.mark标记；B.date确定的时间；C.watch观看；D.predict预测。根据前文“collected sample
100、s of bat waste”可知，收集蝙蝠粪便是为了确定它们的活动时间。故选B。14.考查名词辨析。句意：7月27日，我们与Wuest兄弟和其他洞穴探险者合作，对新发现的通道进行了一次适当的调查。A.witnesses证人；B.visitors来访者；C.cavers洞穴探险者；D.hikers远足者。根据fellow（同道的）可知，此处是指和“我们”相同的洞穴探险者。故选C。15.考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：当继续探索地球上最伟大的地质奇观之一的时候，我们计划继续发扬无限精神。A.value评价；B.sustain维持；C.take after与相像；D.carry on继续。前文讲述了
101、“我们”探索洞穴的过程，所以此处是指，在接下来的探索中“我们”会继续发扬这种探索精神。故选D。第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。“Education”is generally defined as the process of learning and acquiring information. Formal learning in schools or universities _56_(be)one of the most common types，though self-teaching and so-cal
102、led“life experiences”can also qualify. Communities around the world place a high value on educating people of all ages，_57_ formally or informally. It is widely believed that constant exposure _58_ new ideas and skills makes people better workers，thinkers，and societal _59_ (contribute).Most people a
103、ssociate education with schools and classrooms _60_ trained teachers present information to students. Classroom learning generally starts when a child is _61_ (relative)youngaround age five in most countriesand continues until the teenage years. The purpose of most classroom learning is not to prepa
104、re a child for a specific job，but rather _62_ (help)him or her develop critical reasoning and thinking skills. Reading，writing，and math are very common lessons for young learners. As students progress in _63_ (they)schooling，they often come into contact with more _64_ (challenge)subjects like writte
105、n composition，history，and advanced sciences.Exposing students to new ideas and essential facts is only part of most educational goals. Also，students _65_ (expect)to retain most if not all of the information that they learn in schoo1. Teachers and professors commonly use exams and graded assignments
106、to assess learning.【答案】56. is 57. whether 58. to 59. contributors 60. where 61. relatively 62. to help 63. their 64. challenging 65. are expected【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了教育的概念。归根结底，教育都是为了让学生多学知识，学会学习。【详解】1.考查主谓一致和时态。句意：在学校或大学里的正式学习是最常见的类型之一，尽管自学和所谓的“生活经验”也可以。根据“Education”is generally defined as the proce
107、ss of learning and acquiring information.可知，文章是一般现在时，主语是Formal learning，第三人称单数。故填is。2.考查连词。句意：世界各地的社区高度重视对所有年龄的人进行教育，无论是正式的还是非正式的。whether.or.意为“无论还是”，为固定搭配。故填whether。3.考查介词。句意：人们普遍认为，不断接触新思想和技能会使人们成为更好的工人、思考者和社会贡献者。exposure to意为“置身于；接触到”，为固定搭配。故填to。4.考查名词。句意：人们普遍认为，不断接触新思想和技能会使人们成为更好的工人、思考者和社会贡献者。与前
108、面的指人的名词workers和thinkers是并列关系，所以此处应用复数形式，故填contributors。5.考查定语从句。句意：大多数人把教育与学校和教室联系在一起，在那里受过培训的教师向学生提供信息。定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语，先行词是指代地点的名词 schools and classrooms，所以应用关系副词where。故填where。6.考查副词。句意：在大多数国家，课堂学习一般从孩子相对年轻的时候开始大约5岁一直持续到十几岁。修饰形容词young应用副词。故填relatively。7.考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数课堂学习的目的不是让孩子为某一特定的工作做准备，而是帮助他或她发展
109、批判性的推理和思考能力。notbut意为“不是而是”，连接两个同等成分，所以用不定式形式。故填to help。8.考查代词。句意：随着学生在学业上的进步，他们经常接触到更有挑战性的科目，如写作、历史和高等科学。修饰名词schooling用形容词性物主代词。故填their。9.考查形容词。句意：随着学生在学业上的进步，他们经常接触到更有挑战性的科目，如写作、历史和高等科学。修饰名词subjects，用形容词形式challenging。故填challenging。10.考查固定搭配。句意为：此外，学生应该保留他们在学校学到的大部分甚至全部知识。be expected to do意为“被期待做某事；
110、应该做某事”，为固定搭配。且主语为students，故填are expected。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim在你微信上看到你发的“公筷行动(serving chopsticks)”的图片，发邮件向你咨询。请你给他回复，内容提要：1. “公筷行动”简介；2. 你的看法。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Jim，_Yours，Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim，Im more than delighted to hear from you, learning that you
111、 are interested in the picture I posted in my WeChat moments. Im writing to share with you some detailed information.As you can see, it is about Serving Chopsticks, used to move food from a serving plate to the others bowl when friends or family have dinner together. Chinese people often eat communa
112、lly and share their dishes with others in order to show their kindness or hospitality. So we advocate that each diner on the table should have their own serving chopsticks and spoons so as to prevent sharing of any manner of viruses and bacteria.Apparently, I am strongly for the idea to use serving
113、chopsticks, passing love but preventing people from spreading diseases to others.What do you think of it? If you want to know more about it, please feel free to drop me a line.Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生发邮件回复英国朋友Jim咨询的有关“公筷行动(serving chopsticks)”的事情。【详解】第一步：审题体
114、裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时,少量现在进行时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. “公筷行动”简介；2. 你的看法。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）detailed information; eat communally; kindness or hospitality; ones own ; be strongly for the idea; prevent sb. from doing sth.;look forward to第三步：连词成句1. Im writing to share with you some de
115、tailed information.2. Chinese people often eat communally and share their dishes with others in order to show their kindness or hospitality.3. We advocate that each diner on the table should have their own serving chopsticks and spoons so as to prevent sharing of any manner of viruses and bacteria.4
116、. I am strongly for the idea to use serving chopsticks，passing love but preventing people from spreading diseases to others.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）表因果关系：So连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 Im more than delighted to hear from you，learning that you are interested in th
117、e picture I posted in my WeChat moments.（现在分词作状语。）高分句型2 As you can see，it is about Serving Chopsticks，used to move food from a serving plate to the others bowl when friends or family have dinner together.（as引导非限制性定语从句；when引导时间状语从句。）高分句型3 So we advocate that each diner on the table should have their
118、own serving chopsticks and spoons so as to prevent sharing of any manner of viruses and bacteria.（advocate后跟从句用虚拟语气。）第二节(满分25分)67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。It was lunchtime, Jerry, David, Tom, and I went to the dining hall to have lunch. I glanced across the busy cafeteria and saw the ne
119、w student, Jack. He was holding his plate and waiting in lines.David noticed him too. “Whys the new kid dressed like the headmaster?” he asked. Tom and Jimmy laughed.“Jacks cool. Hes in my English and history classes,” I said. However, I kept the truth that Jack and I had become friends when we work
120、ed on a project together. We discovered that we were both enthusiastic readers something I would never admit to Jerry, David, Tom.I saw that Jack was walking toward us. “Dont do it,” I thought, but in seconds he was at our table. My friends raised their eyebrows. Jerry, David, Tom piled their backpa
121、cks on the table and chairs so that there was no space left for another person to sit down. David said. “I dont think we have room.”This awkward situation froze the air. I could feel Jack looking at me, but I stared at my lunch as if it contained precious pearls of wisdom instead of rice and beans.
122、After a long, uncomfortable pause, Jack left. I should have spoken up for him, but I couldnt walk away from my three friends, could I?Jack didnt speak to me after that meeting. He was soon hanging around with another group of kids. A few months later, I saw an announcement about Jack being chosen to
123、 be president of the school book club. I was happy for Jacks achievements, but I realized I had made a big mistake when I said nothing at the lunch table that day. Why was I so afraid that my friends might find out that I like to read?As I stared at the announcement. I knew I needed to apologize to
124、Jack even if he did not want to become my friend again. I thought that my three friends would not agree. I also thought that I risked losing them as well. However, I knew that I would lose myself if I did nothing.注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。As the dismissal bell rang, I gathered up my boo
125、ks, took a deep breath, and went to find Jack._Jack nodded, and then mentioned my three Mends._【答案】As the dismissal bell rang, I gathered up my books, took a deep breath, and went to find Jack. A wave of uncertainty overwhelmed me. On the way to Jacks classroom. I felt several butterflies still flut
126、tering in my heart. However, urged by the strong desire to be a member of the reading club, I quickened my paces spontaneously. The classroom door opened. Here came Jack. Looking into his eyes, I made an apology, explaining that I wanted to join the school book club.Jack nodded and then mentioned my
127、 three friends. With hesitation, I had no idea how to answer him. Seeing through my mind, Jack smiled and put forward a good idea. The next day, we were having lunch when Jack approached, holding a notice to recruit new members, saying that if someone wanted to join the club, he must take three othe
128、r students to form a group. To my surprise, my friends were also interested in the book club. In a flash, Jack and I beamed to each other.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和Jerry, David, Tom是好朋友，但是向他们隐瞒了和Jack在读书俱乐部成为了朋友的事情，某天中午Jack想要和他们坐在一起，但是被其他三个朋友粗鲁地拒绝了，作者也没有为Jack说话，之后Jack也没跟作者说话，作者意识到自己犯了错，需要向Jack道歉。最后作者鼓
129、起勇气和Jack道了歉，取得了原谅，最后发现其他三个朋友也对读书俱乐部感兴趣。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“下课铃声响了，我收拾好课本，深吸一口气，去找杰克。”可知，第一段可描写作者去找杰克道歉时心理活动，以及诉说想参加学校的读书俱乐部的愿望。由第二段首句内容“杰克点点头，然后提到了我的三个朋友”可知，第二段可描写杰克想到邀请作者其他三个朋友加入读书俱乐部的办法，解决了作者的困境，三个朋友也对俱乐部感兴趣。2.续写线索：找杰克感到不安道歉杰克邀请另外三个人加入俱乐部另外三个朋友也感兴趣3.词汇激活行类走向：go to/ on the way to/ approach/ walk to
130、ward提出：put forward/ come up with道歉：make an apology / apologize情绪类惊讶：to ones surprise / surprised感兴趣：be interested in / show interest in【点睛】高分句型1 Looking into his eyes, I made an apology, explaining that I wanted to join the school book club. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导宾语从句)高分句型2 The next day, we were having lunch when Jack approached, holding a notice to recruit new members, saying that if someone wanted to join the club, he must take three other students to form a group. (运用了sb. be doing sth. when句型)
