1、CloningUnit 2Section Using LanguageUnit 2课堂要点探究2课堂达标验收3课前新知预习1课 时 作 业4课前新知预习 词汇过关 1_(v)打；撞击；罢工 _(过去式)_(过去分词)2_(adj)虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的 _(n)自负；虚荣心；无意义 3_(vt)抵抗、对抗 _(n)_(adj)4_(adv)仅；只；不过 _(adj)strikestruckstruck/strickenvainvanityresistresistanceresistantmerelymere 5_(n)装饰 _(vt)6_(vt)崇拜；爱慕；喜爱 _(n)崇拜者；赞美者；热爱者
2、 7_(adj)合情理的；讲道理的；公道的 _(n)理由；道理 8_(n)假定；设想 _(v)9_(vi)退休 _(n)decorationdecorateadoreadorerreasonablereasonassumptionassumeretireretirement 短语自查 1end in failure_ 2look back on_ 3develop a disease_ 4put sthto sleep_ 5(be)bound to(do)._ 6strike.into ones heart_以失败告终回顾患病使(动物)无痛苦地死去一定或注定(做)使刻骨铭心 7用/对某物进行实
3、验_ 8不时，偶尔_ 9使复生；使复活_ 10白费力气；枉费心机_ 11把传给_ 12状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)_experiment with/on sthfrom time to timebring back to lifein vainpass on.to.in good/poor condition 经典句式 1Diversity in a group means having animals _ _ 群体的多样性是指这群动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。2So _ is merely a dream！所以说恐龙回归地球的可能性仅仅是个梦想罢了！3It _ unfair to clon
4、e any extinct animals if they _ to live in a zoo 任何绝种的动物，如果一经克隆便注定要生活在动物园里的话，那是不公平的。答案：1with their genes arranged in different ways2the chances of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth3would be；were 语篇理解 Read the text and choose the best answer according to the text 1The writer of the text_ Ais exci
5、ted by the possibility of cloning fierce and extinct animals Bbelieves that extinct animals can be brought back to life by cloning Cthinks it impossible or unsuitable to clone extinct animals like dinosaurs Ddreams of dinosaurs returning to the earth 2The film Jurassic Park is popular because_ Apeop
6、le are interested in the subject of cloning Ball the actors are dinosaurs Cit was directed by a scientist who clones dinosaurs Dit proves very interesting 3Which of the following is TRUE？AMice were cloned in 1981 BDolly the sheep was the first cloned animal CThe name of the cloned cow is“Bison”DChin
7、a was successful in cloning twin calves 4The reasons why a group of cloned animals all die of the same illness do NOT include_ Athey have the same arrangement of genes Bthere isnt enough diversity in the group for them to overcome illnesses Cthe illness is a new one Dtheir arrangement of genes canno
8、t resist that new disease 答案：14CADC课堂要点探究 1strike v&n打；击；撞击；碰撞；袭击；突击 He struck the table with his fist 他用拳头击打桌子。vi&n罢工 The coal miners struck for better safety conditions 煤矿工人通过罢工要求改善安全条件。vt突然想到；猛地意识到；打动；给印象；让觉得 An awful thought has just struck me 刚才我脑子突然闪过一个可怕的想法。She strikes me as a very efficient
9、person 在我眼里，她是个很干练的人。v(钟)敲；鸣；报时 The church clock just struck twelve 教堂时钟刚刚敲过12点。知识拓展 striker n罢工的人 striking adj引人注意的 be/go on strike 罢工 It strikes sbthat.某人突然想起 strike.into ones heart 使某人感到 注意：strike可作名词，也可作动词，词义和用法都很丰富，其中作“罢工，突然想到，给印象”解时的用法是高考常考点；此外，还应注意strike作“打，袭击”时与hit，beat等词的区别。比较网站 beat，hit，st
10、rikebeat强调连续或反复地“打”，因此像心脏跳动、打鼓、打拍子之类连续性或反复性的动作，一般要用beat。strike常指“猛地一击”。hit侧重指有目标的用力“击中”，有时也指“打一下”。图解助记 活学活用(1)用strike，beat或hit的正确形式填空 Fortunately，the stone failed to_him He_a match and lighted a candle My heart was_fast 答案：hit/strikestruckbeating(2)补全句子 我们队赢得比赛的消息使我们都很兴奋。The news that our team won t
11、he competition_ excitement_our hearts 答案：struck；into 2resist vt抵抗；对抗；忍住 She cant resist the hot weather any more 她再也无法忍受这么热的天气了。She couldnt resist laughing when she saw that young man 当她看到那个年轻人的时候，她忍不住笑了起来。知识拓展 be hard/impossible to resist 难以拒绝 resist sb/sth抵抗/抵制某人/某物 cant/couldnt resist doing sth禁不
12、住干某事 resist doing sth抵制干某事 resistant adj抵抗的；有抵抗力的 be resistant to 对有抵抗力 resistance n抗拒；反对；抵抗力 活学活用(1)完成句子 I dont know_ _ _ _ _(怎样抑制我的愤怒)。I was unable to_ _(忍不住哭了)The crops are better_ _ _(抗病方面更好)答案：how to resist my angerresist crying at resisting diseases(2)单句改错 Tom couldnt resist to make jokes abou
13、t his baldness _ 答案：to makemaking 1from time to time 不时；偶尔 From time to time a helicopter flew by 空中不时地有直升机飞过。The food safety accidents happen from time to time 食品安全事故时不时地发生。While reading the book，he nodded from time to time 他一边看书，一边不时地点头。知识拓展 常见time短语有：at one time 从前(某个时候)；曾经；一度 at a time 每次；一次 at
14、all times 总是；永远 for the time being 暂时 in no time 很快；立刻 at no time 在任何时候都不；决不 in time 及时；迟早；过了一段时间 at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度 all the time 一直；始终 take ones time 不着急；慢慢来 kill time 消磨时间 at the same time 同时 ahead of time 提前；提早 race against time 争分夺秒 time and again 一次又一次；重复地 keep time(钟表)走得准 活学活用 完成句子(1)Even
15、though the Smiths have moved to a faraway place，we still see them_ _ _ _(不时)答案：from time to time(2)He went back from the meeting room_ _ _(立刻)答案：in no time 2bring back to life 使复生；使复活 It is impossible to bring a dead person back to life 让一个人死而复生是不可能的。知识拓展 bring sb/sthto life 使更有趣、更生动；给以活力；使苏醒 come t
16、o life变得活跃；变得有趣；苏醒过来 come to oneself(昏迷后)苏醒过来；醒悟过来 A great actor can bring a character to life 一个伟大的演员能让角色生动起来。活学活用 完成句子(1)In theory，cloning can_ _ _ _ _ _ _(使一些绝迹的动物复活)(2)The party_ _ _(活跃起来)when he told us the funny story 答案：(1)bring some extinct animals back to life(2)came to life 3in vain 白费力气；枉
17、费心机 He tried to save his son from drowning，but in vain 他试图救他儿子免于溺死，但是徒然。All their attempts were in vain 他们所有的尝试都是徒劳。The police searched in vain for the missing gunman 警察搜寻那个失踪的持枪歹徒，但徒劳无获。注意：in vain“徒劳，白费力气”，用于句首时句子要用倒装结构。He tried in vain to memorize the poem In vain did he try to memorize the poem 他
18、怎么背都没办法把那首诗背出来。知识拓展 vain adj虚荣的；徒劳的；自负的 try in vain to do sth枉费心机地做某事 They made vain attempts to reach the mountain top 他们几次尝试登上山顶都失败了。He tried in vain to stop smoking 他怎么努力也无法戒掉烟。活学活用(1)翻译句子 过分的赞扬会使人自高自大。_ 答案：Too much praise can make a man vain(2)用恰当词语填空 His efforts to raise money for his program w
19、ere_vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets 答案：in 句意：他为自己的项目筹款的努力付诸东流了，因为没有人愿意掏腰包。in vain表示“枉费心机；徒劳无益；白费力气”。4in good/poor condition 状况好/差 The house was in poor condition 这所房子状况不佳。My car is old but in good condition 我的车虽旧，但状况良好。Keepers said the pandas were in good
20、 condition 饲养员说大熊猫的状态良好。知识拓展 on condition that 在的条件下；倘若 I will go abroad on condition that I earn enough money 如果我挣到足够的钱，我就出国。in condition 健康状况好；保存得好 out of condition 健康状况不好；保存得不好 on this/that condition 在这个/那个条件下 in good shape(植物)状态良好；(指人)身体健康 注意：condition表示“条件；疾病”时为可数名词；表示“健康状况；可使用状况”时为不可数名词；表示“形势；
21、环境”时多用复数形式。活学活用 用恰当词语填空(1)Dr Collins couldnt lead the wildlife research in the tropical forest any longer because his health was in poor_ 答案：condition 句意：柯林斯博士不能领导在热带雨林里的野生动物研究了，因为他的身体状况很坏(in poor condition)。(2)I agree to his suggestion_the condition that he drops all charges 答案：on 句意：我同意他的建议，条件是他放弃
22、所有指控。on the condition that起连词作用，引导条件状语从句，意思是“条件是，以为条件”。1The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park，in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs，proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into peoples hearts 在侏罗纪公园这部影片中，一位科学家克隆了几种已绝种的恐龙。类似侏罗纪公园的电影很受欢迎证明了这一想法让人觉得既
23、恐惧又兴奋。本句的主干是The popularity.proves.，句中how引导宾语从句；主句中又包含in which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为Jurassic Park。The school(which/that)he once studied in is very famousThe school in which he once studied is very famous 他曾经就读过的学校很有名。There are sixty students in our class in all，most of whom are from big cities 我们班总共有60个学生，
24、大多数来自大城市。注意：“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句一般根据三个原则来确定介词：根据从句的谓语动词；根据先行词；根据句子意思。但也有许多考题需要我们把从句补充完整，建立与主句的联系，才能找到这个介词与句中其他部分的关系。活学活用 用恰当词填空 She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction _ _had taken more than three years 答案：of which 考查定语从句。句意：她带领游客参观这家博物馆。这家博物馆的建设历经三年多才完工。定语从句中whose名词of whichthe名词the名词o
25、f which，由此可知答案为of which。2Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways 种群多样性是指种群中动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。(1)本句是简单句，动名词短语having animals.作means的宾语，with复合结构(即“with宾语宾补”结构)作后置定语，arrange与their genes为动宾关系。(3)with复合结构的用法：作定语 She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on
26、 both sides 她看到一条两岸长着红花和绿草的小溪。作状语 She left the office with tears in her eyes 她眼里含着泪，离开了办公室。(表示伴随状况)With his key lost，he couldnt get into the office 由于钥匙丢了，他进不了办公室。(表示原因)The children began to watch TV with the homework done 孩子们完成作业以后开始看电视。(表示时间)Id like to see the new film with time permitting 如果时间许可，
27、我想看那部新电影。(表示条件)The battle ended with the enemy defeated 战斗结束了，敌人被打败了。(表示结果)巧学助记 with 复合结构用法口诀 with结构并不难，with后面宾语连，动宾关系用过分，主谓关系用现分，将来要把不定跟，还有三种形副介。活学活用 用所给动词的适当形式填空(1)With so many essays_(write)，he wont have time to go shopping this morning 答案：to write(2)He felt more uneasy with the whole class_(star
28、e)at him 答案：staring(3)With a growing number of college graduates_(consider)themselves to belong to the lower levels of society，experts suggest that students lower their expectations of the job market 答案：considering 句意：面对自认处于较低社会层次的大学毕业生人数的增加，专家们建议大学生们应该降低对就业市场的期望值。在with复合结构中，graduates与consider为主动关系，
29、因此用动词ing形式作宾语补足语。3It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were to live in a zoo 任何绝种的动物，如果一经克隆便注定要生活在动物园里的话，那是不公平的。本句是虚拟条件句，且表示的是与将来事实相反的假设。虚拟条件句在不同虚拟条件下，主从句谓语形式一览表：虚拟情况从句谓语形式主句谓语形式与现在事实相反一般过去时(be动词通常用were)would/should/could/might动词原形与过去事实相反过去完成时would/should/could/mighthave done与将来事实
30、相反一般过去时或were to动词原形或should动词原形would/should/could/might动词原形 If it should rain tomorrow，the meeting would be put off 如果明天下雨，会议将延期。If I had lots of money，I would buy a car 如果我有很多钱，我就买一辆小汽车。If he had won the game，he would not have been so sad 如果他赢得比赛的话，他就不会那么悲伤。注意：若条件从句中含有were，had，should等，可将if去掉，并把were，
31、should或had提到主语前。Had you studied hard，you would have passed the exam 如果你努力学的话，你早已通过考试了。Should I not take the exam tomorrow，I would go for a picnic with you 如果明天不考试的话，我就和你一起去晚餐。活学活用 用恰当词语填空(1)(2015真题改编北京)If I_(see)it with my own eyes，I wouldnt have believed it 答案：hadnt seen 句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。根据后半句wou
32、ldnt have believed可以判断是对过去的虚拟。所以从句是if主语 had done的形式。故填hadnt seen。(2)(真题改编北京)We _(be)back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map 答案：would be考查虚拟语气。根据从句的时态可知，空格处表示对现在情况的假设，再结合if虚拟句的特点可知应填would be。句意：要是你没有把地图弄丢了的话，我们现在就已经回到旅馆了。(3)(真题改编福建)_(be)there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait
33、 for weeks to get news from around the world 答案：Were 考查虚拟语气的倒装。根据主句中的would have to wait可知，空格处应表示对现在情况的假设，故从句用一般过去式；另外，当if从句中含有be动词were及助动词had时，可以把主语和if省略，同时把were或had提前，构成倒装句。句意：如果没有现代化的电信设施的话，我们将不得不等候好几周的时间来获得来自世界各地的消息。4Based on what we know now，you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer
34、 than 10,000 years 就我们现在所知，你不可能克隆那些已经绝种超过一万年的动物。过去分词短语based on.作状语。介词on后接what引导的宾语从句。句中that引导定语从句，先行词为animals。过去分词作状语的用法主要有：作原因状语，相当于as，since，because引导的从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。Given advice by the famous detective，the young lady was no longer afraid(Since/As she was given advice by the famous detective.)有了
35、著名的侦探的指点，这位年轻的女士不再害怕了。作时间状语(相当于when引导的状语从句。如果两个动作同时发生，可在分词前用when，while等使其时间意义更明确。)When heated，water can be changed into steam 水加热后可以变成蒸汽。Discussed(Having been discussed)many times，the problems were settled at last 在讨论了多次之后，问题终于解决了。(过去分词既表被动又表完成)Seen from the hill，the park looks very beautiful 从山上看这个
36、公园非常漂亮。(过去分词只表被动)作条件和假设状语(相当于if，unless引导的从句)Given more time，we can finish the task on time 如果被给更多的时间，我们能按时完成这项任务。作方式或伴随情况状语 The hunter left his house，followed by his dog 猎人离开了屋子，后面跟着他的狗。She sat by the window，lost in thought 她坐在窗前，陷入沉思。注意：分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致，否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语(用名词或代词的主格来表示)，这种结构称
37、为独立主格结构。All our savings gone，we started looking for jobs 积蓄全部用完了，我们就开始找工作。(All our savings gone是含有过去分词的独立主格结构)He rushed into the room，his face covered with sweat 他满脸是汗地冲进屋内。(his face covered with sweat是包含过去分词的独立主格结构)活学活用 用恰当形式填空(1)(真题改编天津)Clearly and thoughtfully _(write)，the book inspires confidenc
38、e in students who wish to seek their own answers 答案：written考查非谓语动词。句意：因为清晰周到地被写出来，这本书鼓舞了想寻找自己答案的学生的自信心。the book与write之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填written。(2)(2015真题改编重庆)Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way_(use)the sun and the stars 答案：using 句意：象古代的水手，鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。using是伴随状语。伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：
39、它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。5So the chances of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth is merely a dream！所以说恐龙回归地球的可能性仅仅是个梦想罢了！dinosaurs ever returning to the earth 为“动名词的复合结构”，在句中作介词of的宾语。动名词带上自己的逻辑主语，就构成了动名词的复合结构。其逻辑主语一般由物主代词、名词所有格、人称代词的宾格和名词来充当。在口语中，物主代词和名词所有格可分别由人称代词的宾格或名词代替。在句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。Wou
40、ld you mind my/me opening the window？我打开窗子你介意吗？He insisted on his sons/his son going to college 他坚持让他儿子上大学。知识拓展(1)动名词复合结构作主语或动名词本身为being时，用“物主代词/名词所有格ving”Marys coming late made her teacher MrSmith quite angry 玛丽的迟到使她的老师史密斯先生非常生气。(2)动名词的逻辑主语为无生命的东西时，用“普通格ving”Is there any hope of our team winning th
41、e game？我们的球队有获胜的希望吗？(3)有生命的名词但表示泛指意义，用“普通格ving”Have you ever heard of women playing football？你听说过妇女踢足球的事吗？(4)两个以上的有生命的名词并列时，用“普通格ving”Do you remember my brother and me coming to see you the other day？你记得我弟弟和我前几天来看你那件事吗？(5)动名词的逻辑主语为复数名词时，用“普通格ving”There are many reasons for animals dying out 动物灭绝有多种原
42、因。(6)动名词的逻辑主语被其他成分说明或修饰时，用“普通格ving”Have you heard of Miss Gao，our English teacher，going to the USA？你听说我们的英语教师高老师要去美国吗？活学活用 用恰当形式填空(1)His_(come)late for class again made his teacher very angry 答案：coming 句意：他上课又迟到让老师非常生气。分析句子结构可知made前的成分为主语，而横线前的his暗示此处应为动名词的复合结构作主语。(2)_(the president；attend)the meeti
43、ng himself gave them a great deal of encouragement 答案：The presidents attending 句意：总统亲自参加会议给了他们莫大的鼓舞。本题考查动名词的复合结构作主语，必须采用“名词的所有格ving的形式”。写作指导 如何写辩论报告 写作策略探究 这类文章要求用一定的理由来说明自己对事物或问题的见解，属于议论文的范畴。写作时要注意以下几点：1篇章特点 议论文是一种以议论为主要表达方式的文体。就是摆事实、讲道理，并要求通过多方面的分析，把道理说通、说透。议论文有三要素，即论点、论据和论证。论点的基本要求是：观点正确，认真概括，有实际
44、意义，恰当地综合运用各种表达方式；论据的基本要求是：真实可靠，充分典型；论证的基本要求是：推理必须符合逻辑。2注意事项 写作时应注意：第一，要提出正确鲜明的论点。一般来说，要把论点写在篇首或段首，这样能起到纲举目张的效果，让读者读起来更容易把握文章思路。第二，要重视论据这一关的阐述。论据就是用来证明论点的事实和道理。要有足够的论据，可以列举生活的实例来证明论点。第三，论证是议论文中必不可少的部分。一段完整的议论，只有通过论证证明论据和论点之间的内在逻辑关系，才能将论据和论点融为一体，也才能构成一篇完整的、有说服力的文章。3写作形式 此类作文一般有两种写法。(1)文章分三部分进行论述：第一部分：
45、提出论点 第二部分：给出论据 第三部分：得出结论(2)文章分四部分进行论述 第一部分：说明辩论的主题、参与者等 第二部分：列举正方的观点及其理由 第三部分：列举反方的观点及其理由 第四部分：阐明自己的观点 4常见的写作用语 总结：There are different opinions among people as to.We had a heated discussion about.Different people hold different opinions Opinions are divided People have taken/adopted different attitu
46、des towards.People have different opinions on this problem People take different views on this question 表达不同观点：.of them hold the opinion that.of them are in favour of the idea that.People who are for/against the idea think.Some people believe that.Others argue that.不同观点之间的衔接用语：However，.of them hold
47、a different view/.of them hold the opposite opinion People who are against it dont think so However，each coin has two sides Different from those.，.people think.On the other hand，.people object that.and，as well as，also.besides，in addition，moreover，whats more.unlike，on the contrary，on the other hand.话
48、题导入 请根据下面的提示写一篇短文。人们对于是否该用动物进行实验持有不同意见。请你就此用英语写一篇辩论性的短文，介绍人们的不同观点，并表达自己的看法。写作词汇热身 赞成_ 对非常重要_ 该受责备_ 在某人看来_ 答案：in favour ofbe vital forbe to blamein ones opinion 写作表达练习 Whether it is fair or not to animals is still an open question(用it作形式主语改写句子)_ _ Scientists cant develop new kinds of medicine to save
49、 people from painful diseases and death if they dont do animal testing(用“only状语”引起倒装句式改写句子)_ _ We must control the number of animals that are used in the scientific research(用分词作定语改写句子)_ _ 答案：It is still an open question whether it is fair or not to animals Only by doing animal testing can scientist
50、s develop new kinds of medicine to save people from painful diseases and death We must control the number of animals used in the scientific research 参考范文 Nowadays animal testing is widely used；however，it is still an open question whether it is fair or not to animals Some people are in favour of anim
51、al testingThey think it is vital for modern science and medicineScientific progress is impossible without animal testingWe will not have a lot of new drugs if animal testing is forbidden Others are against animal testingWhen animals die during the experiment，no one is to blameIt is cruel and unfair
52、to animals In my opinion，although animal testing is cruel，it is essentialOnly by doing animal testing can scientists develop new kinds of medicine to save people from painful diseases and deathBut we must control the number of animals used in the scientific research课堂达标验收 单词拼写 1He cant_(抵抗的诱惑)ice cr
53、eams 2They bought that house at a _(合理的)price 3He was glad for his_(获得)a prize 4The new aircraft has performed very well in its_(最初的)trials 5Its a bird in full _(羽毛)6I _(只是)suggest you should do it again 7The great d_ to living near a main road is noise 8Its not necessarily a bad thing to_(崇拜)film s
54、tars itself 9Economists are working on the_(假设)of an interest rate cut 10Everyone must receive 9 years of_(义务的)education 答案：1resist2reasonable3obtaining4initial5feather6merely7disadvantage8adore9assumption10compulsory 选词填空 strike.into ones heart(s)；from time to time；be bound to；bring.back to life；in
55、 vain；in good condition 1Our teacher_the importance of safety_，so we were all careful when crossing the street 2Though the building was built in the 1980s，it is still_ 3The old kindhearted man donated money to charities_though he had not much money 4To our great delight，the badly injured boy was _ by the experienced doctors 5I am afraid your efforts are_；he wouldnt listen to others 6There appeared a rainbowThe weather_get better 答案：1struck；into our hearts2in good condition3from time to time4brought back to life5in vain6was bound to
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