1、知识点现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态【一、现在完成时的被动语态】现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去，到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响，常与already（已经）/yet（还/尚）/just（刚刚）/ever（曾经）/never（从不）/before（以前）等连用，其构成是：have/has been+done。例如：1.The dirty clothes have been washed.脏衣服都已经洗了。2.The plan has been studied by the experts for three times.这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。3.The child ha
2、s been taken care of by Grandma Wang all these years.这些年来,这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料。现在完成时的被动语态【二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法】1.主语是行为动作的承受者。如：The Temple of Zhang Fei has been rebuilt.张飞庙已经过重建。2.说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果。The door has been locked.门已经被锁上了。现在完成时的被动语态3.动作或状态始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去。He has been told about it for many times.有人告诉他这事
3、很多次了。（可能还会有人告诉他）4.用在时间和条件状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的动作。Well start as soon as the work has been finished.工作一完成我们就立即动身。现在完成时的被动语态【三、注意点：】1.副词的位置often,usually,always,never,hardly,seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。如:误 Such a man has been hardly believed.正 Such a man has hardly been believed.2.并不是所有动词都有被动语态1)happen,take p
4、lace,break out,belong to,take part in,cost,last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如：误 Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.正 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.现在完成时的被动语态2)open,break,drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。如：误 The door has been opened of itself.正 The door has opened of itself.3.短语动词不可分割
5、或省略其中的介词或副词。如：The SARS patients have been taken good care of.现在完成时的被动语态4.一些特殊动词，如borrow,finish,begin,buy,start,return,marry,open,join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。如：My brother has had(不能用has bought)this bike for almost four years.How long has this book been bought?（X）How long ago
6、was this book bought?（）现在完成时的被动语态5现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即 have has和been，两者缺一不可。6注意与一般过去时被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。例如：The house was built last year这房子是去年建造的。The house has been built这房子已经建好了。现在完成时的被动语态7短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略短语动词
7、中的介词或副词。例如：The orphan has been well looked after这位孤儿一直受到很好的照顾。现在完成时的被动语态【三、相关连接：被动语态】1、一般现在时被动语态的构成：be(am/is/are)+v的过去分词。2、一般过去时被动语态的构成：be(was/were)+v的过去分词。3、含有情态动词被动语态的构成：情态动词(can/must/may/need)+be+v的过去分词。注意：使役动词(make,let,have)在主动语态里加动词原形，在被动语态里加不定式。现在完成时的被动语态【四、练习】1.That book _into at least 20 for
8、eign languages.A.has said to be translatedB.has been said to have translatedC.is said that it had been translatedD.is said to have been translated现在完成时的被动语态2.More patients_ in hospital this year than last year.A.treated B.have treated C.had been treated D.have been treated3.Do you know Lucys grandma
9、?Of course.She is a kind woman,but she has _ for about a month since she_in the accident.A.been dead;was killed B.died;was killed C.been dead;killed D.died;killed现在完成时的被动语态4.Thousands of people_ after the powerful earthquake happened in Japan on March 11th.A.saved B.was saved C.were saved D.has save
10、d 5.We will fly a kite as soon as your homework _.A.finishes B.will be finished C.has finished D.is finished现在完成时的被动语态 Keys：1、D 2、D 3、A 4、C 5、D解析：1、句的句型是:It is said that/people(they)said that/that book is said to 根据句意是已经被译成了20 多种文字所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。第2题的意思是“昨晚横扫英格兰北部的暴风雨已经造成了上百万英镑的损失”，这里强调发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响，故选A。现在完成时的被动语态3、本题考查的是现在完成时和一般过去时的被动语态。根据下半句句意“距她在事故中丧生已有一个月左右的时间了”可知是一般过去时的被动语态，排除C，D；又因为die是非延续性动词，不能和一段时间连用，而dead是延续性动词，可以和一段时间连用，故选择A。4、本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。日本地震发生在过去，主语又是复数，排除B选项，故选择C。5、本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。在题干中，your homework作时间状语从句的主语，因此用被动语态结构，在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，故选择D。
