高中英语-非谓语动词的区别(共27张PPT).ppt

1、朗读下列句子，思考划线部分充当什么句子成分？充当该句子成分的是什么词？1）The story sounds interesting.2）The news was disappointing.3）I was pleased at the news.4）He looked very excited.5）The door remained locked表语 现在分词作表语，表示主语的性质和特征。表语过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态。现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别：1.现在分词作表语，一般置于be,get,become,look,sound,feel,remain等系动词的后面，表示主语的性质和特征

2、，主语与表语之间是主动关系。主语一般是物，表示某物“令人的”。2.过去分词作表语时一般置于be,get,become,look,sound,feel,remain等系动词的后面，在逻辑上与主语有被动关系，表示主语所处的状态，主语多为人,表示“(人)对感到”，。练习：用所给词的适当形式填空。1）The book is very _,so I am very _ in it.(interest)2)All the people were _ about the good news.(excite)3)He looks very _(please)with himself.4)The music i

3、s much _(please)to the ear.interestinginterestedexcitedpleasedpleasing朗读下列句子，思考划线部分充当什么句子成分？充当该句子成分的是什么词？1)The book written by the peasant is interesting.2）America is a developed country.过去分词短语作定语过去分词作定语，表示动作已完成。它与被修饰词是动宾关系3)China is a developing country.4）Did you know the girl dancing with your bro

4、ther?现在分词（短语）与被修饰词是主谓关系，而且表示动作正在进行。现在分词 作定语，表示动作正在进行现在分词短语作定语，5)He has a meeting to attend.6)I have a letter to type.动词不定式作定语，一般表示“将来”的意义。动词不定式作定语注意：不定式与被修饰词之间虽然是动宾关系，但句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式要用主动形式（to do)。比较：I have a letter to be typed.I have a letter to type.前者说明主语 I 不是type这个动作的执行者；后者说明主语 I 是type这个动作的执

5、行者练习：用所给词的适当形式填空。1)The young man_(sit)between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper.2)The meeting,_(attend)by 1,000 students,was a success.3)The house_(build)last year is my uncles house.built sitting attended 4)The building_(build)next year will be the teaching building.5)The building

6、_(build)now will be the lab building.to be built being built不定式与被修饰词之间是动宾关系且表示即将进行的动作就用动词不定式的被动式（to be done)。如果非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是动宾关系且表示动作正在进行就用现在分词的被动式（being done)6）The house _(repair）next month will be mine.7）The house _(decorate)now is mine.to be repairedbeing decorated朗读下列句子，并仔细观察，思考划线部分充当什么句子成分？充当该句

7、子成分的是什么词？它们有什么区别？1）I saw the missing boy playing by the river.2)I will help you(to)improve your English.3)I saw Tom get into the car.4)He had his car repaired yesterday.5)We found one of the glasses broken.现在分词作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语宾语与宾补是主谓关系宾语与宾补是主谓关系宾语与宾补是主谓关系宾语与宾补是动宾关系表状

8、态，表完成意义表动作正在进行表将来意义强调动作的全过程动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语的区别：1.现在分词作宾语补足语。宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着主谓关系（即宾语是现在分词动作的执行者）。而且表示动作正在进行，就用现在分词作宾语补足语2.动词不定式作宾语补足语。宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着主谓关系（即宾语是动词不定式动作的执行者）。不表示动作正在进行,只表示动作的全过程或表将来,就用动词不定式作宾语补足语。3.过去分词作宾语补足语。宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着动宾关系（即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者），或表状态，表完成意义。就用过去分词作宾语补足语。1)He got his sist

9、er _(write)a letter for him.2)I had that door _(paint)only last week.3)Our teachers have us _(do)our homework every day.4)The boss made the workers _(work)all night long.5)A week ago I had a hundred dollars _(save).6)Dont let the light in your room _(burn)all night long.to writepainteddo workingsave

10、dburning朗读下列句子，并仔细观察，思考划线部分充当什么句子成分？它与句子是什么关系？1)He hurried home,looking behind from time to time.2)They went into the classroom,talking and laughing.3)Having lit a candle,she went out.现在分词与句子主语是主谓关系现在分词作状语7)Seen from the top of the mountain,the park looks very beautiful.8)Frightened by the noise in

11、the night,the girl didnt dare to sleep in her room.9)The hunter left his house,followed by his dog.过去分词短语作状语过去分词与句子主语是动宾关系1.如果分词与句子的主语是主谓关系，就用现在分词的一般式doing或现在分词的完成式having done。2.如果分词与句子的主语是动宾关系，就用过去分词(done)到底用过去分词还是用现在分词作状语，主要根据分词与逻辑主语（即句子的主语）的关系来决定。练习：用所给词的适当形式填空。1)When_(heat),water can be changed

12、into steam.2)Once _(publish),this dictionary will be very popular.heated published3)_(be)ill,she didnt go the school today.4)_(give)more time,we could do it much better.5)_(pay)more attention,the child will be happier.6_(see)nobody at home,I decided to come again.Given Paid Seeing Being7)_(choke使窒息)

13、by heavy smoke,he could hardly breathe.8)The woman scientist entered the lab,_(follow)by her assistants.9)Not _（receive）an answer,I wrote to him again.10)_(hear)the good news,he jumped with joy.followed having received Hearing Choked比较下列两个句子，注意它们的区别。1）Having been shown the labs,we were taken to see

14、the library.2）Seen from the top of the mountain,the park looks very beautiful.句1）强调分词的动作发生在谓语动词（were taken)之前。而句2）表被动,并没有强调分词的动作发生在谓语动词（look)之前。过去分词（done)和现在分词完成被动式(having been done)的区别：1）过去分词done表被动，表示动作已完成，但没有强调分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。2）现在分词完成被动式(having been done)则强调分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。eg:Having been warned

15、 about the bandits,he left his valuables at home。当警告有强盗出没时，他就把贵重物品留在家里。1)_(tell)many times,he still couldnt understand.2)_(give)a satisfactory operation,the patient recovered from illness very quickly.3)_ (ask)to stay,I couldnt very well leave.Having been toldHaving been givenHaving been asked人家请我留下

16、，我就不好离开了。短文填空。I was greatly _(shock)when hearing that on August 7,2010,a powerful mudslides(泥石流)damaged houses in the landslide-hit Zhouqu County,Gansu Province._(wipe)out by the terrible Mudslide,the whole villages were damaged._(terrify)by the sudden disaster,hundreds of lives got_(lose)and a grea

17、t number of _(panic)people were rendered homeless.shockedWipedTerrifiedlostpanicked Soldiers carried out rescue efforts in mudslide-hit Zhouqu County.More than 10,000 troops,police and firefighters have been working to search for survivors in the debris(残骸)of the town _(flatten摧毁)by mudslides._(worr

18、y)about of safety of people,millions of people home or abroad gave their hands to people in the disaster-stricken region.flattenedWorriedWith all effort _(do),victims recovered soon from great suffering.We should try out best to help the victims out of this terrible disaster as soon as possible.done1.如果分词与句子的主语是主谓关系（即分词的动作是由句子的主语发出的），就用现在分词的一般式doing或现在分词的完成式having done。2.如果分词与句子的主语是动宾关系（即句子的主语是该分词动作的承受者），用过去分词(done)到底用过去分词还是用现在分词作状语，主要根据分词与逻辑主语（即句子的主语）的关系来决定。