1、测试.阅读理解In places like California, the Rocky Mountains, and the Southern United States, wildfires are an unavoidable reality.Wildfires can cause damage to property and human life, but they have many beneficial effects on native vegetation, animals, and ecosystems that have evolved with fire. The fore
2、sts, including pine barrens, lodgepole pine forests and many more, require fires to reproduce because the trees in the forest are adapted to only producing seeds following a major fire event. Therefore, without them many of these forest types would decline.A fire renews the watershed (集水区) in ways i
3、ncluding, but not limited to, recycling of nutrients, increasing food sources for fish in streams, supplement (补充) to streamside vegetation, spread of fireadapted plants, etc. Not to mention renewal of the soil chemistry which is vital to the forest and the watershed. The basis is that of someone wh
4、o has studied wildfires and streams since the 1988 Yellowstone wildfires. The science backs up how natural wildfires can be favorable through research publication after publication.Its like “resetting the clock” on the ecosystem, allowing it to function smoothly all over again for another 200 years.
5、 By the way, a stand burning fire such as the Yellowstone fires of 1988 also results in the landscape of younger forest mends which act to reduce the spread of future wildfires and can stop a major wildfire in its tracks.The bottom line is that we may need todays natural wildfires to prevent more se
6、rious catastrophic fire events in the future. That lesson was learned in Yellowstone in 1988 which was a year of disastrous largescale fires after more than 50 years of fire suppression(压制). 1What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?ASeeds. BWildfires. CTrees. DEcosystems.2What c
7、an we know about wildfires benefits to the watershed?AWildfires benefit the watershed in over 5 ways.BPlants along streams spread faster after wildfires.CRenewal of the soil chemistry is the most important.DThe benefits are supported by the authors research.3What is the function of younger forest me
8、nds?ADisturb the development of wildfires. BReduce occurring rates of wildfires.CRepresent life and hope after wildfires. DMake wildfires easier to be spotted. .七选五This Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be
9、 doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of whats happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. _1_ They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements
10、in human history. _2_ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First, understand that some opportunities for daydreaming are better than others
11、. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. _3_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless
12、drawings.Its also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”， being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep. _4_Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. _5_
13、Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.AWithout wandering minds, we wouldnt have relatively, Coke or Postit notes. BDaydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.CHaving interesting things to t
14、hink about also helps.DAt one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.ETherefore, its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone.FThey stare off into space and wander by themselves.GIt involves slow, steady breathing for selfc
15、ontrol that helps people stay calm and attentive.语法填空Twist, one of my students, told me that his favorite song is Dont Cry. _1_(honest), I was quite surprised when he said this, _2_personally I believe I always hold a kind of persistent nostalgia(怀旧)for the past and confusion for the future, and I n
16、ever expect that the younger generations also share this feeling.Why do people have such feeling for the past? The confusion, numbness, even disappointment, elusion(回避)to the present might be the _3_ (reason). TV series like “Game of Thrones”， “The Tudors”， even “Grimm”， are all based _4_ the myths
17、of the past. The popularity of this sort of shows suggests that there _5_ (be) quite a few people who feel like _6_ (seek) relief in the myths of the past. Last week, I read a story in _7_ history book. It is said that a historian _8_ (experience) the hunting lifestyle like foodgathering people in t
18、he Old Stone Age for half a year; he found that he was _9_ (strong) than before and less likely _10_ (get) high blood pressure.短文改错Hi，Janice，Its been a month when I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.As I tell you last time, I made
19、three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch and after school. Weve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. Its been three Saturdays now and it real costs me many. And I started to see this as a timewasting activity! In fact, I dont like to go anymore, so Im afraid Ill lose the
20、ir friendship. What do you think I should do? If you are me, would you talk to them?Please help with me and give me some advice.Grace.书面表达 昨天，你的同班同学李越做了一件好事。请你根据事情的经过(买了束花去医院看朋友，但是护士不许带入监护病房，等电梯时看到一位伤心的医院工作人员，把花送给了她)，用英语写一个题目为Flowers for A Stranger, 100120词的短文。你的文章应包括下列要点：1事情的经过；2你的评论。注意：文章的标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：电梯elevator 医院工作人员hospital personnelFlowers for A StrangerYesterday Li Yue went to the hospital to visit a friend in the Intensive Care Unit._
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